3.

Incomplete Dominance and Codominance:

- The chapter explores situations where neither allele is completely dominant
or recessive.
- Incomplete dominance occurs when the heterozygous phenotype is a blend
of the two homozygous phenotypes.
- Codominance occurs when both alleles are expressed equally in the
heterozygous phenotype.

4. Multiple Alleles and Blood Types:

- Students learn that some traits are controlled by multiple alleles, such as the
ABO blood group system.
- The ABO blood types (A, B, AB, and O) are explained, along with the
inheritance patterns and possible genotypes.

5. Sex-Linked Traits:
- The chapter covers the inheritance of traits that are located on the sex
chromosomes (X and Y).
- Students learn about X-linked traits and how they are passed down from
parents to offspring.
- Examples of sex-linked disorders, such as color blindness and hemophilia,
are discussed.

6. Pedigree Analysis:
- Pedigrees are diagrams that show the inheritance of a particular trait within
a family.
- Students learn how to interpret pedigrees and determine the mode of
inheritance (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked).

7. Genetic Disorders: