Question/Answer Booklet

CHEM 150

THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND

FIRST SEMESTER, 2018

Campus: City

Chemistry

CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY

(Time allowed: THREE hours)

INSTRUCTIONS:

Answer ALL seven questions.

The mark value for each question is given in the table on the right and also in the questions.

The answers to questions should be written in the spaces provided. You may use the backs of
pages if extra space is required.

PRINT your ID number LEGIBLY at the top of each page.

OFFICE USE ONLY
A periodic table is attached at the end of the exam paper. This
page should be torn off so that you can use it during the exam. 1 14 marks
The periodic table does not need to be handed in.
2 16 marks
The rest of the booklet (pages 1 - 16) must be handed in at the
end of the examination. 3 20 marks

4 14 marks
Please PRINT:
5 13 marks
ID NUMBER: __________________________________
6 11 marks
Surname: __________________________________
7 12 marks

First Name: __________________________________ TOTAL 100 marks

Page 1 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 1: (14 marks TOTAL)

(a) (5 marks) For each of parts (a) – (j), write the answer on the line provided. Each part is worth
½ mark. 

(i) Write the formula for the compound composed of _____________________

K+ and O2- ions.

(ii) C20H6 I4Na2O5 is used as a red colouring in foods. _____________________

Give the number of atoms in this formula.

(iii) Write the symbol of the ion that has 16 protons _____________________
and 18 electrons.

(iv) What is the maximum number of electrons that _____________________

can exist.in a pz orbital?

(v) Which element is assigned the highest _____________________

electronegativity?

(vi) Classify antimony (Sb) as a metal, nonmetal, _____________________

or metalloid.

(vii) State the charge of an iron ion with 23 electrons.         _______________________  

(viii) Write the number of group of the periodic table _______________________

to which the element with the symbol Se belongs.

(ix) Name the process in which a gas is converted to _____________________

a liquid.

(x) What term is used to describe different physical ______________________

forms of the same element?

(b) (3 marks) Classify each of the following mixtures as heterogeneous or homogeneous by

circling the appropriate word. Each part is worth 1½ marks.
(i) a cup of chocolate milk heterogeneous / homogeneous (circle one)
Justify your choice

(ii) Salt and pepper in a bowl heterogeneous / homogeneous (circle one)

Justify your choice

(c) (1 mark) A sample of oil has a mass of 65.0 g and a volume of 80.0 mL. What is the
density of the oil?

Page 2 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 1 (continued):

(d) (2 marks) Identify each of the following properties as being either physical or chemical by
circling the appropriate word. Each part is worth ½ mark.
(i) The density of water at 4C is 1.00 g mL-1 physical / chemical

(ii) Chlorine gas has a green-yellow colour physical / chemical

(iii) Gold does not form a gold oxide coating physical / chemical

(iv) Chlorine bleach is used to remove stains physical / chemical

(e) (1 mark) Define the term “ion”.

(f) (2 marks) Choose the term which best fits descriptions given in parts (i) – (iv), and write that
term on the line to the right of the part. Each part is worth ½ mark.
Melting Freezing Sublimation Condensation

(i) Butter in a hot pan turns to a liquid _________________

(ii) Foggy appearance of car windows in cold weather _________________

(iii) A piece of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) changes to a gas _________________

(iv) Ice forms on the surface of a lake in winter _________________

Page 3 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 2: (16 marks TOTAL)

(a) (2 marks) Balance the following chemical equations by placing coefficients on the lines
provided. Each part is worth 1 mark.

(i) _____ Al2S3(s) + _____ H2O(l) _____ Al(OH)3(s) + _____ H2S(g)

(ii) _____ Fe(OH)3(s) _____ Fe2O3(s) + _____ H2O(l)

(b) (3 marks) Write the electron configuration using s, p, d notation for the following. Each
part is worth 1 mark.

(i) Bromine ________________________________________

(ii) Bromide ion ________________________________________

(iii) Explain why the radius of a bromide ion is bigger than the radius of a bromine atom

(c) (1 mark) Consider the following velocity distribution curves A and B. If the plots represent
the velocity distribution of 1.0 L of H2(g) at 25C verses 1.0 L of Cl2(g) at 25C, which plot
corresponds to each gas? Explain your reasoning.

(d) (1 mark) Draw the Lewis structure of Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) in the space below.

(e) (1 mark) Using VSEPR theory, predict the shape that describes the arrangement of atoms
about the carbon atom in methane, CH4.

Page 4 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 2 (continued):
(f) (1 mark) Define the term “evaporation”.
 
 
 
(g) Write the name for each of the following compounds on the line to the right:
(i) (½ mark) Na2SO4 _______________________

(ii) (½ mark) NCl3 _______________________

(h) Write the formula of the following compounds on the line to the right.
(i) (½ mark) Cobalt(II) sulphide _________________

(ii) (½ mark) Sulfur dichloride _________________

(i) (2 marks) Write the symbols δ+ (partial positive) and δ- (partial negative) over the
appropriate atoms in polar bonds. Each part is worth ½ mark.

(i) C Cl (ii) N H (iii) P Cl (iv) O H

(j) (2 marks) For parts (1) to (4), circle the correct answer. Each part is worth ½ mark. 

1. NaCl is a face-centred cubic lattice of Cl- ions with each Cl- ion is surrounded by
______ Na+ ions.
(i) 2 (ii) 4 (iii) 6 (iv) 8

2. Crystals which are good conductor of electricity and heat are known as _______
crystals.

(i) ionic (ii) covalent (iii) molecular (iv) metallic

3. Which of the following is an example of hydrogen bonded molecular crystal?

(i) HCl (ii) H2 (iii) Ice (iv) CH4

4. If the temperature of a fixed amount of gas decreases and the pressure remains
unchanged,
(i) its volume increases (ii) its volume decreases
(iii) its volume is unchanged (iv) its density decreases

(k) (1 mark) Arrange the following set of elements in order of increasing atomic size: B, C, K,
and Na

______ < ______ < ______ < ______

Page 5 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 3: (20 marks TOTAL)
(a) (8 marks) Each of parts (i) – (x) is worth ½ mark, (xi)-(xiii) are worth 1 mark each.
The compounds in the grid below may be used in more than one answer.
For parts (i) – (v), (vii) – (viii) and (x) give in the box to the right the letter of one
compound (there may be more than one right answer; you can consider the options given
for (vi) and (ix) to be examples; marks will be calculated from your answers to parts (i) –
(v), (vii) – (viii) and (x)) which:
A B C D E

F G H I J

(i) is an alkane (vi) would undergo a substitution

reaction with SOCl2

(ii) is a tertiary (vii) is an alcohol that would not

alcohol undergo oxidation

(iii) is an amino acid (viii) is an alkene which does not

exist as E/Z isomers

(iv) is an ester (ix) contains more than one

functional group

(v) is a cycloalkane (x) is a constitutional isomer of D

(xi) (1 mark) Compound C can exist as

enantiomers. Complete the structure of the
enantiomer of Compound C.
The framework for the enantiomer has been
provided in the box to the right.

(xii) (1 mark) The two enantiomers of C are

an example of:
constitutional / conformational / configurational isomers. (circle one)

(xiii) (1 mark) Which compound from the table above, could undergo an
addition reaction to form Compound I ?
______________________
Page 6 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
 QUESTION 3 (continued):
(b) Questions (i) – (vii) refer to Compound K, shown on the right
(i) (½ mark) Is Compound K a hydrocarbon? yes / no
(circle one)

(ii) (½ mark) Justify your answer to part (i).

(iii) (½ mark) On the structure (right) circle and label the alcohol functional group.

(iv) (½ mark) The alcohol group in Compound K is: primary / secondary / tertiary
(circle one)

(v) (1 mark) Label the stereogenic centre(s) in Compound K with an asterix (*) on the
structure given above.

(vi) (1 mark) Complete the molecular formula for Compound K

C____H____OCl
(vii) (1½ marks) Give the systematic name for Compound K

______________________________________

Page 7 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 3 (continued):
(c) Parts (i) – (iv) refer to the reaction scheme below.
Complete the reaction scheme below by:

(i) (5 marks) Complete the reaction scheme below by providing the missing reagents
and structures in the boxes provided.

Reaction 1 Reaction 3
O
conc.
CH3CHCH CH3CHCH2OH
H2SO4
CH3 CH3
Compound M Compound L Compound O

Reaction 5
Reaction 2 Reaction 4 HCl

O
CH3CHCOH
CH3CHCH2Cl +
CH3
Compound N CH3
Compound P Compound Q
(only formed when
Compound O reacts
with HCl)

(ii) (½ mark) Reaction 1 is a/an addition / elimination / substitution / oxidation

(circle one)
(iii) (½ mark) Reaction 4 is a/an addition / elimination / substitution / oxidation
(circle one)

(iv) (½ mark) Name the functional group present in Compound M________________

Page 8 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 4: (14 marks TOTAL)

(a) Gold(III) hydroxide, Au(OH)3, is used for electroplating gold onto other metals. It can
be made by the following reaction.

2KAuCl4(aq) + 3Na2CO3(aq) + 3H2O(l) → 2Au(OH)3(s) + 6NaCl(aq) + 2KCl(aq) + 3CO2(g)

(i) (1 mark) Show that the molar mass of Na2CO3 is 105.99 g mol-1.

(ii) (1 mark) Calculate the amount in moles of Na2CO3 in 25 g.

(iii) (2 marks) Calculate the mass of Au(OH)3 produced in this reaction.

M[Au(OH)3] = 248.024 g mol-1

(b) To prepare a fresh supply of Au(OH)3, a chemist at an electroplating plant mixed

20.00 g of KAuCl4 with 25.00 g of Na2CO3 in large excess of water.
M[KAuCl4] = 377.89 g mol-1

(i) (3 marks) Which of the two reactants is the limiting reagent?

(ii) (2 marks) Calculate the mass of Au(OH)3 produced in this reaction.

(iii) (2 marks) Calculate the mass of excess reagent left at the end of the reaction.

Page 9 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 4 (continued):
(c) Antacids contain magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2 as the active ingredient in syrup
form. 20.0 mL of this syrup required 18.53 mL of 0.23 mol L-1 HCl for complete
neutralisation.

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl  MgCl2 + 2H2O

(i) (1 mark) Calculate the amount in moles of HCl.

(ii) (1 mark) Calculate the amount in moles of Mg(OH)2 in the sample of syrup.

(iii) (1 mark) Calculate the concentration of Mg(OH)2 in the syrup.

Page 10 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 5: (13 marks TOTAL)

(a) The first step in production of nitric acid is the burning of ammonia in excess oxygen
using platinum as the catalyst. This reaction is given by the following equation.

4 NH3 (g) + 5 O2 (g) → 4 NO (g) + 6 H2O (g) Reaction 1

(i) (3 marks) Calculate the enthalpy change for Reaction 1 using the following
information.

N2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 NO (g) H = -180.5 kJ mol-1

N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)  2 NH3 (g) H = -91.8 kJ mol-1

2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O (g) H = -483.6 kJ mol-1

(ii) (1 mark) If Reaction 1 produced H2O(l) instead of H2O(g), explain the effect of this
on the calculated enthalpy change.

(b) (2 marks) Central processing chips in computers generate a tremendous amount of heat.
Aluminium heat sinks are often attached to the chips to carry away excess heat.
An aluminium heat sink weighing 30.4 g at a temperature of 71.3C is dropped into a
polystyrene cup containing 100 g of water at 24.5C. The temperature of the water rises to
27.4C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of the aluminium heat sink.
Specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 Jg-1C-1

Page 11 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 5 (continued):
(c) The reaction

2SO2(g) + O2 (aq) → 2SO3(g)

was studied, giving the following results:

Experiment [O2] / mol L-1 [SO2] / mol L-1 Initial Rate/ mol L-1s-1
1 0.0010 0.0010 7.10
2 0.0040 0.0010 28.4
3 0.0040 0.0030 255.6
 (i) (1 mark) Determine the order with respect to O2. Justify your answer.

(ii) (1 mark) Determine the order with respect to SO2. Justify your answer.

(iii) (1 mark) Write the rate law for this reaction. __________________

(iv) (2 marks) Using experiment 2, calculate the rate constant for this reaction. Give the
units of the rate constant.

(d) A reaction is believed to be take place in the following three steps.

HBr(g) + O2(g) → HOOBr(g) (step 1, slow)

HOOBr(g) + HBr(g)  2HOBr(g) (step 2, fast)

2HOBr(g) + 2HBr(g)  2H2O(g) + 2Br2(g) (step 3, fast)

(i) (1 mark) Add the three steps to show the correct overall reaction.

(ii) (½ mark) Which step is the rate determining step? _________

(iii) (½ mark) Identify any reaction intermediates in this mechanism

Page 12 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 6: (11 marks TOTAL)
(a) (2 marks) Identify the effect (A, B, or C) of each of the following changes on the reaction
equilibrium:
2NOBr(g) ⇌ 2NO(g) + Br2(g) ∆H = -340 kJ
‘A’ shifts in the direction of products
‘B’ shifts in the direction of reactants
‘C’ no change
Write A, B, or C on the lines provided. Each part is worth ½ mark.
(i) _____ adding more NO(g) (ii) _____ removing some Br2(g)
(iv) _____ increasing the temperature (vi) _____ increasing volume of the container
 
(b) (2 marks) Indicate whether each of the following indicates a system at equilibrium (E) or
not at equilibrium (NE). Write E or NE on the lines provided. Each part is worth ½ mark.
(i) ______ The rate of the forward reaction is faster than the rate of reverse reaction.
(ii) ______ There is no change in the concentrations of reactants and products.
(iii) ______ The rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction.
(iv) ______ The concentrations of reactants are decreasing.

(c) (1 mark) Write an expression for the equilibrium constant K for the following reaction.
2NOCl(g) ⇌ 2NO(g) + Cl2(g)

(d) (1 mark) Define term ‘electrolyte’.

 

(e) (2 marks) Calculate the equilibrium constant K for the reaction: 2HI(g) ⇌ H2(g) + I2(g)
Given that the concentrations of each species at equilibrium are as follows:
[HI] = 0.85 mol L-1, [I2] = 0.60 mol L-1, [H2] = 0.27 mol L-1.

Page 13 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 6 (continued):
(f) (1 mark) Why is 1-hexanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH) only slightly soluble in water?

(g) (1 mark) Write the solubility product constant (Ks) expression for a saturated solution of a
slightly soluble salt, Ag2CO3 .

(h) (1 mark) ) Consider Ag2CO3, a slightly soluble salt in water. The Ks for silver carbonate is
8.1 × 10-12. Explain whether or not Ag2CO3 will precipitate from a mixture having Qs
equal to 1.3 x 10-14.

Page 14 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 7: (12 marks TOTAL)
(a) (2 marks) Calculate the pH of a 6.50 x 10-3 mol L-1 potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution.

(b) (1 mark) For the following acid-base reaction, identify the acid and the base in the reactants
and the conjugate base and conjugate acid in the products. Write the answer on the lines
provided.
HCN(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + CN-(aq)

________ ________ ________ ________

(c) (1 mark) Using the following Ka values, place the following acids in order of increasing
acid strength. Write the answer on the line provided.

HClO4 Ka = 1.00 x 107

HCN Ka = 4.93 x 10-10
CH3OOH Ka = 1.76 x 10-5
HF Ka = 3.53 x 10-4

___________ < ____________ < ____________ < _____________

(d) (1 mark) Define the term “amphiprotic”.

(e) (1 mark) Dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2PO4–) is amphiprotic. Complete the equations
below to show the amphiprotic behavior of H2PO4–. Each part is worth ½ mark.
H2PO4− + OH− → __________ + ___________

H2PO4− + H3O+ → __________ + ___________

(f) (1 mark) Write the oxidation number of each element in the compound CrSO4 on the
appropriate line below.

Cr ________ S ________ O _______

(g) (½ mark) Assuming equal concentrations of conjugate base and acid, which one of the
following mixtures is suitable for making a buffer solution with an optimum pH of
4.6-4.8? (circle one)
(i) CH3COONa / CH3COOH (pKa = 4.74) (ii) NH3 / NH4Cl (pKa = 9.25)
(iii) NaOCl / HOCl (pKa = 7.49) (iv) NaNO2 / HNO2 (Ka = 3.35)
Page 15 of 17
Question/Answer Booklet CHEM 150
ID: ______________________
QUESTION 7 (continued):
(h) (½ mark) Consider a solution which is 0.10 mol L-1 in CH3COOH and 0.20 mol L-1 in
NaCH3COO. Which of the following statements is true? (circle one)
(i) If a small amount of NaOH is added, the pH decreases very slightly.
(ii) If NaOH is added, the OH- ions react with the CH3COO- ions.
(iii) If a small amount of HCl is added, the pH decreases very slightly.
(iv) If HCl is added, the H+ ions react with CH3COOH ions.

(i) (2 marks) Calculate the standard cell potential produced by a galvanic cell consisting of a
nickel electrode in contact with a solution of Ni2+ ions and a silver electrode in contact with
a solution of Ag+ ions. Which is anode and which is the cathode?
Ni2+(aq) + 2e- ⇌ Ni(s) E° = -0.26 V
Ag+(aq) + e- ⇌ Ag(s) E° = 0.80 V

(j) (2 marks) Consider the following oxidation-reduction reaction. Each part is worth 1 mark.
3Mg(s) + N2(g) → Mg3N(s)
(i) Identify which element is oxidized and which is reduced. Determine the oxidant and
the reductant as well.

(ii) Balance the following redox reaction by placing coefficients on the lines provided.

_____ Fe + _____ O2 → _____ Fe2O3

Page 16 of 17
 PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

ATTACHMENT
Atomic Number 1
H
1 1.008 Molar mass / g mol-1 18
1 2
H He
1.008 2 13 14 15 16 17 4.00
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.94 9.01 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.06 35.45 39.95
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.09 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
55 56 57-71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0
87 88 89-103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Uut Fl Uup Lv Uus Uuo

CHEM 150
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
138.9 149.1 140.9 144.2 150.4 152.0 157.3 159.0 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.0 231.0 238.0

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