MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, NANDURBAR

(1432)

Academic Year (2021-2022)

Program Name and Code : Mechanical Engineering(ME1I)

Semester : First
Course Name and Code : ENGLISH (22101)
Micro-project Group : 1401- 1408
Project Topic : Indian Air Force Aircrafts
Guided By : Mr. Vishal Khalane Sir

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 Students Name

Sr. Roll No. Name of Students

No.
1. 1401 Sonawane Vivek Pravin
2. 1402 Marathe Ankit Ravindra
3. 1403 Padvi Hardik Sunil
4. 1404 Malve Manish Bhatu
5. 1405 Kuwar Prashant Shivaji
6. 1406 Chaudhari Swapnil Manoj
7. 1407 Khairnar Darshan Vasant
8. 1408 Suryawanshi Priyanshu Sanjay

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,
MUMBAI

Certificate
Department of -………………….………
This is to Certify that
Mr/ Miss :………………………………………………..…..……

Class :…………… Roll No :…………..... Semester :………………

This is to certify that VPS, ARM, HSP, MBM, PSK,,SMC, DVK, PSS. Roll no.
1401, 1402, 1403, 1404, 1405, 1406, 1407, 1408 of first semester of diploma in
Mechanical Engineering of Institute Government polytechnic, Nandurbar
(code- 1432) has completed the Micro- Project satisfactorily in the Subject
English (22101) for the Academic Year 2020- 2021 as prescribed in the curriculum

Place : Nandurbar. Enrollment No :………………..

Date :…………….. Exam Seat No :…………………

Subject Teacher Head of the Department. Principal

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 A English Micro- Project On

Indian Air Force Aircrafts

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 Introduction

The Indian Air Force (IAF) is the air arm of the Indian
Armed Forces. Its complement of personnel and aircraft
assets ranks fourth amongst the air forces of the world. Its
primary mission is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct
aerial warfare during armed conflict. It was officially
established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the
British Empire which honoured India's aviation service
during World War II with the prefix Royal. After India
gained independence from United Kingdom in 1947, the
name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and served in the
name of Dominion of India. With the government's
transition to a Republic in 1950, the prefix Royal was
removed.

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 Aircraft No : 1. HAL Tejas

The HAL Tejas is an Indian multirole light fighter designed by

the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) in collaboration with Aircraft
Research and Design Centre (ARDC) of Hindustan Aeronautics
Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force and Indian Navy. It came from the
Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) programme, which began in the 1980s to
replace India's ageing MiG-21 fighters but later became part of a general
fleet modernisation programme. In 2003, the LCA was officially named
"Tejas". It is the smallest and lightest in its class of contemporary
supersonic combat aircraft.
The Tejas is the second supersonic fighter developed by HAL after
the HAL HF-24 Marut. The Tejas achieved initial operational clearance in
2011 and final operational clearance in 2019. The first Tejas squadron
became operational in 2016, as No. 45 Squadron IAF Flying Daggers was the
first to have their MiG-21s replaced with the Tejas.
The Tejas currently has three production models – Tejas Mark 1, Mark
1A and trainer variant. The IAF currently placed an order for 40 Tejas Mark
1 and 83 Tejas Mark 1A, including Tejas trainer aircraft. The IAF plans to
procure 324 aircraft in all variants, including the Tejas Mark 2 currently being
developed by the HAL. The Tejas Mark 2 is expected to be ready for series
production by 2026–27.
As of 2016 indigenous content in the Tejas Mark 1 was 59.7% by
value and 75.5% by number of line replaceable units.

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 Aircraft No : 2. Sukhoi Su-30MKI

The Sukhoi Su-30MKI (NATO reporting name: Flanker-H) is

a twinjet multirole air superiority fighter developed by Russia's Sukhoi and
built under licence by India's Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for
the Indian Air Force (IAF). A variant of the Sukhoi Su-30, it is a heavy, all-
weather, long-range fighter.
Development of the variant started after India signed a deal with
Russia in 2000 to manufacture 140 Su-30 fighter jets. The first Russian-
made Su-30MKI variant was accepted into the Indian Air Force in
2002, while the first Su-30MKI assembled in India entered service with the
IAF in 2004. The IAF has nearly 260 Su-30MKIs in inventory as of January
2020. The Su-30MKI is expected to form the backbone of the Indian Air
Force's fighter fleet to 2020 and beyond.
The aircraft is tailor-made for Indian specifications and integrates
Indian systems and avionics as well as French and Israeli sub-systems. It
has abilities similar to the Sukhoi Su-35 with which it shares many features
and components.

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 Aircraft No : 3. HAL Light Combat Helicopter

The HAL Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) is an Indian multi-role attack

helicopter designed and manufactured by the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
The LCH has been ordered by the Indian Air Force and the Indian Army. Its flight
ceiling is the highest among all attack helicopters.
The impetus for the development of the LCH came in the form of the Kargil
War, a conflict fought between India and neighbouring Pakistan in 1999, which
revealed the Indian armed forces lacked a suitable armed rotorcraft of operating
unrestricted in the high-altitude theatre. Accordingly, both HAL and the Indian armed
forces commenced exploratory efforts towards the conceptualisation of a combat
helicopter to perform in this role. During 2006, the company announced that it had
launched a development programme to produce such a rotorcraft, referred to simply
as the Light Combat Helicopter. Originally, the LCH was anticipated to attain initial
operating capability (IOC) by December 2010, however development of the type was
protracted and subject to several delays, some of which having been attributed to
suppliers.
The LCH drew extensively on an earlier indigenous helicopter developed and
manufactured by HAL, the Dhruv; using this rotorcraft as a starting point has been
attributed as significantly reducing the cost of the programme. On 29 March 2010,
the first LCH prototype performed its maiden flight. An extensive test programme,
involving a total of four prototypes, was conducted. During the course of these tests,
the LCH gained the distinction of being the first attack helicopter to land in Siachen,
having repeatedly landed at several high altitude helipads, some of which being as
high as 13,600 feet (4145 meters) to 15,800 feet (4815 meters). During mid-2016,
the LCH was recognised as having completed its performance trials, paving way for
the certification of its basic configuration. On 26 August 2017, limited series
production of the LCH was formally inaugurated. On 19 November 2021, Prime
Minister Narendra Modi formally handed over HAL Light Combat Helicopter to the
Indian Air Force Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari clearing way for full scale
induction.
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Aircraft No : 4 Lockheed Martin C- 130J Super
Hercules

The Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules is a four-

engine turboprop military transport aircraft. The C-130J is a
comprehensive update of the Lockheed C-130 Hercules, with new
engines, flight deck, and other systems.
The C-130J is the newest version of the C-130 Hercules and the
only model in production. As of February 2018, 400 C-130J aircraft
were delivered to 17 nations. By July 2021, 450 C-130J were
delivered with 26 operators in 22 countries.

Internal Design :

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 Aircraft No : 5. Boeing AH-64 Apache

The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American twin-turboshaft attack

helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a
crew of two. It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night
vision systems. It is armed with a 30 mm (1.18 in) M230 chain gun carried between the
main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted
on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114
Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods. The AH-64 has significant
systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.
The Apache began as the Model 77 developed by Hughes Helicopters for
the United States Army's Advanced Attack Helicopter program to replace the AH-1
Cobra. The prototype YAH-64 was first flown on 30 September 1975. The U.S. Army
selected the YAH-64 over the Bell YAH-63 in 1976, and later approved full production
in 1982. After purchasing Hughes Helicopters in 1984, McDonnell Douglas continued
AH-64 production and development. The helicopter was introduced to U.S. Army
service in April 1986. The advanced AH-64D Apache Longbow was delivered to the
Army in March 1997. Production has been continued by Boeing Defense, Space &
Security, with over 2,400 AH-64s being produced by 2020.
The U.S. Army is the primary operator of the AH-64. It has also become the
primary attack helicopter of multiple nations, including Greece, Japan, Israel,
the Netherlands, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates. It has been built under
license in the United Kingdom as the AgustaWestland Apache. American AH-64s have
served in conflicts in Panama, the Persian Gulf, Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq. Israel
used the Apache in its military conflicts in Lebanon and the Gaza Strip. British and
Dutch Apaches have seen deployments in wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

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 Aircraft No : 6. HAL Dhruv

The HAL Dhruv is a utility helicopter designed and developed

by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). The development of HAL Dhruv
was announced in November 1984. The helicopter first flew in 1992;
however, its development was prolonged due to multiple factors including
the Indian Army's requirement for design changes, budget restrictions,
and sanctions placed on India following the 1998 Pokhran-II nuclear tests.
The name comes from a Sanskrit origin word dhruv which means
unshakeable or firm.
Dhruv entered service in 2002. It is designed to meet the requirement
of both military and civil operators, with military variants of the helicopter
being developed for the Indian Armed Forces, while a variant for
civilian/commercial use has also been developed. Military versions in
production include transport, utility, reconnaissance and medical
evacuation variants. Based on the Dhruv platform, the HAL Light Combat
Helicopter (LCH) a dedicated attack helicopter and HAL Light Utility
Helicopter (LUH), a utility and observation helicopter, are currently being
developed.
As of October 2020, more than 300 HAL Dhruvs have been produced
for domestic and export markets.

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 Aircraft No : 7. Dassault Rafale

The Dassault Rafale (French pronunciation: [ʁafal], literally meaning "gust of

wind", and "burst of fire" in a more military sense) is a French twin-engine, canard delta
wing, multirole fighter aircraft designed and built by Dassault Aviation. Equipped with a
wide range of weapons, the Rafale is intended to perform air
supremacy, interdiction, aerial reconnaissance, ground support, in-depth strike, anti-ship
strike and nuclear deterrence missions. The Rafale is referred to as an "omnirole"
aircraft by Dassault.
In the late 1970s, the French Air Force and French Navy were seeking to replace
and consolidate their current fleets of aircraft. In order to reduce development costs
and boost prospective sales, France entered into an arrangement with the UK,
Germany, Italy and Spain to produce an agile multi-purpose "Future European Fighter
Aircraft" (which would become the Eurofighter Typhoon). Subsequent disagreements
over workshare and differing requirements led to France's pursuit of its own
development programme. Dassault built a technology demonstrator which first flew in
July 1986 as part of an eight-year flight-test programme, paving the way for the go-
ahead of the project. The Rafale is distinct from other European fighters of its era in
that it is almost entirely built by one country, involving most of France's major defence
contractors, such as Dassault, Thales and Safran.
Many of the aircraft's avionics and features, such as direct voice input, the RBE2
AA active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar and the optronique secteur
frontal infra-red search and track (IRST) sensor, were domestically developed and
produced for the Rafale programme. Originally scheduled to enter service in 1996, the
Rafale suffered significant delays due to post-Cold War budget cuts and changes in
priorities. The aircraft is available in three main variants: Rafale C single-seat land-
based version, Rafale B twin-seat land-based version, and Rafale M single-seat
carrier-based version.

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 Introduced in 2001, the Rafale is being produced for both the French Air Force
and for carrier-based operations in the French Navy. The Rafale has been marketed
for export to several countries, and was selected for purchase by the Egyptian Air
Force, the Indian Air Force, the Qatar Air Force, the Hellenic Air Force, the Croatian
Air Force and the United Arab Emirates Air Force. The Rafale has been used in
combat over Afghanistan, Libya, Mali, Iraq and Syria.

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 Aircraft No : 8. HAL Rudra

The HAL Rudra, also known as ALH-WSI, is an armed version of HAL

Dhruv which is designed and manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
Rudra is equipped with forward looking infrared (FLIR) and Thermal Imaging Sights
Interface, a 20 mm turret gun, 70 mm rocket pods, anti-tank guided missiles and air-to-
air missiles.
Rudra, or ALH-WSI (Weapon Systems Integrated) has two main versions.

• Mark III: This version has Electronic Warfare, countermeasures, sensors and
targeting systems installed, but does not feature weapons.

• Mark IV: This version is to have a French Nexter 20 mm turret gun, Belgian
70 mm rockets, and MBDA air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, such as the anti-
tank Helina missile. All these systems have been tested individually.

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 Special Thanks
I would like to express my social thanks of gratitude my teacher
prof. Vishal Khalane sir who gave me the golden chance opportunity
to do this wonderful project on the topic which are also helped me in
doing a lot of research and I came to know about so many new things.
I am really thankful to them. Secondly I would also like to thank my
parents and friends who Helped me a lot in finishing this project
within the limited time. I am thankful to Google because they help to
get more information of subject. I am making this project not only for
marks but also for increasing my knowledge.
THANKS AGAIN TO ALL WHO HELPED ME.

Subject teacher Principal Signature

Signature

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