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 Oracle Database
Express Edition What is JSON?
21c

Can be any
JSON
data type

Data Exchange {"key":value}

 Can be any
JSON String
{"name":"Jason Voorhees"}
data type
Number

Boolean

[list,of,things]
Null

Object

Array

String
{"name":"Jason Voorhees"}
String
{"name":"Jason Voorhees"}
Number
{"killCount": 42.3} Number
{"killCount": 42.3}
{"stillAlive": false}
Boolean
Boolean

Null
Null

Object
Object

Array Array

String
{"name":"Jason Voorhees"}
String
{"name":"Jason Voorhees"}
Number
{"killCount": 42.3}
{"stillAlive": false}
Number
{"killCount": 42.3}
{"stillAlive": false}
Boolean
{"maritalStatus":null} Boolean
{"maritalStatus":null}
{"mother":{"firstName":"Pamela",
Null
Null
"lastName":"Voorhees"}}

Object
Object

Array Array

String
{"name":"Jason Voorhees"}
Number
{"killCount": 42.3}
{"stillAlive": false}
Boolean
{"maritalStatus":null}
{"mother":{"firstName":"Pamela",
Null
"lastName":"Voorhees"}}
{"movies":["Friday 13th",
Object
"Friday 13th Part 2"
]}
Array

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ISO 8601
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"title": "Friday the 13th",
"video": false,
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},
...
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}

yyyy-mm-dd
PdDThHmMsS PyYmM
P0DT6H23M42S
yyyy-mm-ddThh24:mi:ss.ssssssZ P2D P2Y
PT10S P3M
yyyy-mm-ddThh24:mi:ss.ssssss+00:00

 $
Path
Expression
Photo by Andrew Neel on Unsplash

{
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Array "genre_ids": [
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$.<nonfunction step> $.page "overview": "A group of young adults ...."

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$.results[7] $.results[3,6]
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 [
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"page": 1,
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"results": [
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{
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27
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],
99
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"id": 13207,
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$.results[8 to 14] $.results[0].adult

99,

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14
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...
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$.results[7].genre_ids[*] "video": false,

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 [
"Friday the 13th",
"Friday the 13th",
"Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter",
"Friday the 13th Part 2",
"Friday the 13th: A New Beginning",
"Friday the 13th Part III",
"Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives",
"Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan",

$..title
"Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood",
$.<nonfunction step>
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.<function step>
"Friday the 13th : The Conspiracy Begins",
"Friday the 13th AGAIN!",
"Friday the 13th: Halloween Night",
"Friday the 13th",
"Friday the 13th",
"Friday the 13th: Legacy",
"Brookside: Friday the 13th"
]

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number() ],
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string() numberOnly() "original_language": "en",

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date() booleanOnly() "popularity": 52.243,

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timestamp() "title": "Friday the 13th",
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},
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 { {
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$.results[7] "popularity": 33.92,

"video": false, $.results[7] "popularity": 33.92,
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"original_language": "en", .video.boolean() "release_date": "1989-07-28",
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} }

$.<nonfunction step> numberOnly()

.<filter condition> stringOnly()
.<function step> booleanOnly()

 &&
Relative Path ||
!(<condition>)
Expression exists ()
==
!=
<>
<
?(@.<condition>) <=
>
>=
has substring
starts with
like
like_regex
eq_regex
in (<val>,<val>)

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Whole
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Document
"video": false, 53
"release_date": "", ],
"original_language": "en", $.results[*] "popularity": 33.92,
$?(@.page == 2) "overview": "When private military company,
?(@.title Chase
"original_title": "Friday The 13th: Extraction",
== "Friday
Defense the
International,
13th Part VIII:
learns",
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"video": false,
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 {
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"popularity": 33.92, "release_date": "1953-01-01",
$.results[*]
"video": false, $.results[*]?(@.original_language =="hu") "original_language": "hu",
?(@.title like "%Manhattan%")
"release_date": "1989-07-28", "overview": "Hungarian short movie about superstiti
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$?(@.results[*].original_language == "hu" && @.results[*].id == 655860)

{
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 $?(@.results[*].original_language == "hu" && @.results[*].id == 655860) $?(@.results[*].original_language == "hu" && @.results[*].id == 655860)

$.results[*]?(@.original_language == "hu" && @.id == 655860)

{ {
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NULL
"original_language": "hu", "original_language": "ko",
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$.results[0]?(@.backdrop_path == null) "genre_ids": [],
$.results[0]?(@.backdrop_path == "") "popularity": 0.6,

Storing
"video": false,
"release_date": "",
"original_language": "en",
"overview": "When private military company, Chase Defense International, …",
"original_title": "Friday The 13th: Extraction",
$.results[0]?(@.release_date == "") "vote_count": 0,
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Photo by Jon Butterworth on Unsplash

 JSON

}
SQL> create table t
VARCHAR2
2 (json_data varchar2(4000)
3 );
CLOB
Constraint: is json Table created.

BLOB

SQL> alter table t

SQL> insert into t
2 add constraint json_valid
2 values ('{"killer":"Jason Voorhees"}')
3 check (json_data is json)
3 /
4 /
1 row created.
Table altered.

 is json JSON Data

SQL> insert into t
2* values ('definitely not JSON');

Error starting at line : 1 in command -

insert into t Staging Table
values ('definitely not JSON')
Error report - is not json
ORA-02290: check constraint (ALX.JSON_VALID) violated
Non-JSON Data

SQL> select *
2 from regular
3 where some_data is json
4 /

SOME_DATA SQL> select *

2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- from regular
{"FRIDAY13TH" : { 3 where some_data is not json
"MOVIES" : [ 4 /
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th", "RELEASEDATE":"May 9, 1980","BUDGET":"$550,000"},
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th Part 2", "RELEASEDATE":"April 30, 1981","BUDGET":"$1,250,000"}, SOME_DATA
--------------------------------------------------------------
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th Part III", "RELEASEDATE":"August 13, 1982","BUDGET":"$2,500,000"},
Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that comprises twelve slasher films, a
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter", "RELEASEDATE":"April 13, 1984","BUDGET":"$2,600,000"},
television show, novels, comic bo
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th: A New Beginning", "RELEASEDATE":"March 22, 1985","BUDGET":"$2,200,000"},
oks, and tie-in merchandise.
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives", "RELEASEDATE":"August 1, 1986","BUDGET":"$3,000,000"},
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood", "RELEASEDATE":"May 13, 1988","BUDGET":"$2,800,000"},
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan", "RELEASEDATE":"July 28, 1989","BUDGET":"$5,000,000"},
{"TITLE":"Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday", "RELEASEDATE":"August 13, 1993","BUDGET":"$3,000,000"},
{"TITLE":"Jason X", "RELEASEDATE":"April 26, 2002","BUDGET":"$14,000,000"},
{"TITLE":"Freddy vs. Jason", "RELEASEDATE":"August 15, 2003","BUDGET":"$25,000,000"},
{"TITLE":"Friday the 13th", "RELEASEDATE":"February 13, 2009","BUDGET":"$19,000,000"}
]}}

 Only if “IS JSON”

Check Constraint
Is present
Extracting ... or JSON
data type

SQL/JSON select t.json_data.killer

/
from test t

KILLER
--------------------------------
Jason Voorhees

Photo by Daniel Jensen on Unsplash

select t.json_data.killer
alter table test
from test t
drop constraint json_chk
/
/
ORA-00904: "T"."JSON_DATA"."KILLER": invalid identifier

 18c
with test as
(select treat (json_data as json) as js
from t
) create table movies
select tst.js.killer (pagenr number not null
from test tst ,all_movies json
/ );

KILLER
-------------------------------- https://api.themoviedb.org/3/search/movie
Jason Voorhees

SQL> select pagenr SQL> select m.all_movies.page

2 ,all_movies 2 ,m.all_movies.page.number() as pagenr
3 from movies 3 from movies m
4* / 4* /

PAGENR ALL_MOVIES PAGE PAGENR

---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----- ----------
1 {"page":1,"results":[{"title":"Friday the 13th","a 1 1
2 {"page":2,"results":[{"title":"Friday The 13th: Ex 2 2
3 {"page":3,"results":[{"title":"Evil Empire: Friday 3 3

 SQL> select m.all_movies

SQL> select m.all_movies.results[*].title as titles 2 .results[0 to 2]
2 from movies m 3 .title as titles
3* / 4 from movies m
5* /
TITLES
-------------------------------------------------- TITLES
["Friday the 13th","Friday the 13th","Friday the 1...] --------------------------------------------------
["Friday The 13th: Extraction","Friday the 13th: D...] ["Friday the 13th","Friday the 13th","Friday the 1...]
["Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2","I Screa...] ["Friday The 13th: Extraction","Friday the 13th: D...]
["Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2","I Screa...]

SQL> select m.all_movies.results[*].release_date.date() as release_dates

SQL> select m.all_movies.results[*].release_date as release_dates
2 from movies m
2 from movies m
3* /
3* /
RELEASE_DATES
RELEASE_DATES
--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------
["2009-02-11","1980-05-09","1984-04-13","1981-05-0
["","2019-12-13","2005-07-13","2020-12-24","","200
["2019-12-12","2001-12-23","2003-10-01","1989-06-0

SQL> select m.all_movies.results[0].release_date.date() as release_dates SQL> select m.all_movies.results[*].backdrop_path as backdrops

2 from movies m 2 from movies m
3* / 3* /

RELEASE_DATES BACKDROPS
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
11-FEB-09 ["/j1PzqAMU4LzUnz60q9EEqmeX24n.jpg","/e5Z35sfdHd3b...]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null...]
12-DEC-19 ["/mqCI7qblcDhTGPxDZ5VHW97d3fF.jpg",null,null,"/r4...]

SQL> select m.all_movies

2 .results[*]?(@.title == 'Friday the 13th: Nine Lives')
3 .title as title
4 from movies m
5* /

Error starting at line : 1 in command -

select m.all_movies
.results[*]?(@.title == 'Friday the 13th: Nine Lives')
.title as title
from movies m

Error at Command Line : 2 Column : 20

Error report -

JSON_VALUE
SQL Error: Missing IN or OUT parameter at index:: 1

 Must target scalar JSON value

SQL> select m.pagenr SQL> select m.pagenr
2 ,json_value (m.all_movies 2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
3 ,'$.results[0].title' 3 ,'$.results[*].title'
4 ) as first_title 4 ) as first_title
5 from movies m 5 from movies m
6* / 6* /
Returns NULL on Error
PAGENR FIRST_TITLE PAGENR FIRST_TITLE
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 Friday the 13th 1
2 Friday The 13th: Extraction 2
3 Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2 3

SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
SQL> select m.pagenr
3 ,'$.results[*].title'
2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
4 error on error
3 ,'$.results[*]
5 ) as first_title
4 ?(@.title == "Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter")
6 from movies m
5 .release_date'
7* /
6 ) as release_date
7 from movies m
Error starting at line : 1 in command -
8* /
select m.pagenr
,json_value (m.all_movies
PAGENR RELEASE_DATE
,'$.results[*].title'
---------- -------------------------
error on error
1 1984-04-13
) as first_title
2
from movies m
3
Error report -
ORA-40470: JSON_VALUE evaluated to multiple values

 SQL> select m.pagenr

SQL> select m.pagenr
2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
3 ,'$.results[*]
3 ,'$.results[*]
4 ?(@.title == "Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter")
4 ?(@.title == "Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter")
5 .release_date'
5 .release_date.date()'
6 returning date
6 ) as release_date
7 ) as release_date
7 from movies m
8 from movies m
8* /
9* /
PAGENR RELEASE_DATE
PAGENR RELEASE_DATE
---------- -------------------------
---------- -------------------------
1 13-APR-84
1 13-APR-84
2
2
3
3

SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
3 ,'$.results[0]
4 .overview' SQL> select m.pagenr
5 ) as overviews 2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
6 from movies m Returns 3 ,'$.results[0]
7* / Varchar2(4000) 4 .overview'
5 returning varchar2(45)
PAGENR OVERVIEWS 6 ) as overviews
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 from movies m
1 A group of young adults visit a boarded up campsite named Crystal Lake where they soon encounter the 8* /
mysterious Jason Voorhees and his deadly intentions.
PAGENR OVERVIEWS
2 When private military company, Chase Defense International, learns of a massacre involving a search ---------- ---------------------------------------
and rescue party near Crystal Lake, the company's CEO takes a personal interest in apprehending the 1
masked killer--though her intentions may be less than admirable… 2
3
3 A series of murders called 'the suicide syndrome' occurs everywhere at the same time and Phillip and
Cheong-ha, who have been investigating the cases, disappear.

SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,json_value (m.all_movies
3 ,'$.results[0]
4 .overview'
SQL> select json {'title' :'Friday the 13th: 🧟' } as iconic
5 returning varchar2(45) truncate
2 from dual
6 ) as overviews
3* /
7 from movies m
8* /
ICONIC
-------------------------------
PAGENR OVERVIEWS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- {"title":"Friday the 13th: 🧟"}
1 A group of young adults visit a boarded up ca
2 When private military company, Chase Defense
3 A series of murders called 'the suicide syndr

SQL> with scary as (

2 select json {'title' :'Friday the 13th: 🧟' } as iconic
3 from dual
4 )
5 select json_value (s.iconic
6 ,'$.title'
7 returning varchar2 ascii
8
9
10* /

ESCAPED
) as escaped
from scary s

-------------------------------------------
JSON_QUEry
Friday the 13th: \uD83E\uDDDF\u2642\uFE0F

 One or More Values;

Retrieve Fragments of JSON

SQL> select m.pagenr SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,json_query (m.all_movies 2 ,json_query (m.all_movies
3 ,'$.results[0].title' 3 ,'$.results[*].title'
4 ) as first_title 4 ) as all_titles
5 from movies m 5 from movies m
6* / 6* /

PAGENR FIRST_TITLE PAGENR ALL_TITLES

---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------
1 "Friday the 13th" 1 null
2 "Friday The 13th: Extraction" 2 null
3 "Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2" 3 null

JSON

SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,json_query (m.all_movies
3 ,'$.results[*].title' SQL> select json_query (m.all_movies
4 error on error 2 ,'$.results[*].title'
5 ) as all_titles 3 with conditional array wrapper
6 from movies m 4 ) as all_titles
7* / 5 from movies m
6* /
Error starting at line : 1 in command -
select m.pagenr ALL_TITLES
,json_query (m.all_movies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
,'$.results[*].title' ["Friday the 13th","Friday the 13th","Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter",...]
error on error
) as all_titles ["Friday The 13th: Extraction","Friday the 13th: Death Curse","Maroon 5: Live - Friday...]
from movies m
Error report - ["Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2","I Screamed When I Knew What You Did in Fri..]
ORA-40480: result cannot be returned without array wrapper

 SQL> select json_query (m.all_movies

2 ,'$.results[0]'
3 returning varchar2 pretty
4 ) as pretty_format
5 from movies m
6 where m.pagenr = 3
7* /

PRETTY_FORMAT
--------------------------------------------------------
{
"title" : "Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2",
JSON_table
"adult" : false,
"backdrop_path" : "/mqCI7qblcDhTGPxDZ5VHW97d3fF.jpg",
"genre_ids" :
[
28,
27,
9648,

SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,a.*
SQL> select m.pagenr
2 ,a.*
18c
3 from movies m 3 from movies m
4 cross 4 cross
5 apply json_table (m.all_movies 5 apply json_table (m.all_movies
6 ,'$.results[*]' 6 ,'$.results[*]'
7 columns ( 7 columns (
8 original_title varchar2(180) path '$.original_title' 8 original_title varchar2(180) path original_title
9 ,original_language varchar2(2) path '$.original_language' 9 ,original_language varchar2(2) path original_language
10 )) a 10 )) a
11* / 11* /

PAGENR ORIGINAL_TITLE OR PAGENR ORIGINAL_TITLE OR

---------- -------------------------------------------------- -- ---------- -------------------------------------------------- --
1 Friday the 13th en 1 Friday the 13th en
1 Friday the 13th en 1 Friday the 13th en
1 Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter en 1 Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter en
1 Friday the 13th Part 2 en 1 Friday the 13th Part 2 en
1 Friday the 13th: A New Beginning en 1 Friday the 13th: A New Beginning en
1 Friday the 13th Part III en 1 Friday the 13th Part III en
1 Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives en 1 Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives en
1 Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan en 1 Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan en

SQL> select m.pagenr SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,a.* 2 ,a.*
3 from movies m 3 from movies m
4 cross 4 cross
5 apply json_table (m.all_movies 5 apply json_table (m.all_movies
6 ,'$.results[*]' 6 ,'$.results[*]'
7 columns ( 7 columns (
8 original_title varchar2(180) path Original_title 8 original_title
9 ,original_language varchar2(2) path Original_language 9 ,original_language
10 )) a 10 )) a
11* / 11* /
Returns VARCHAR2(4000)
PAGENR ORIGINAL_TITLE OR PAGENR ORIGINAL_TITLE ORIGI
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -- ---------- -------------------------------------------------- -----
1 1 Friday the 13th en
1 1 Friday the 13th en
1 1 Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter en
1 1 Friday the 13th Part 2 en
1 1 Friday the 13th: A New Beginning en
1 1 Friday the 13th Part III en
1 1 Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives en
1 1 Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan en

JSON exists SQL> select *

2 from movies m
3 where json_exists (m.all_movies
4 ,'$.page'
5 )
6* /

PAGENR ALL_MOVIES
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 {"page":1,"results":[{"title":"Friday the 13th","a
2 {"page":2,"results":[{"title":"Friday The 13th: Ex
3 {"page":3,"results":[{"title":"Evil Empire: Friday

 SQL> select *
SQL> select *
2 from movies m
2 from movies m
3 where json_exists (m.all_movies
3 where json_exists (m.all_movies
4 ,'$.results[*]?(@.title =="Friday the 13th")'
4 ,'$?(@.page == 1)'
5 )
5 )
6* /
6* /
PAGENR ALL_MOVIES
PAGENR ALL_MOVIES
---------- --------------------------------------------------
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 {"page":1,"results":[{"title":"Friday the 13th","a
1 {"page":1,"results":[{"title":"Friday the 13th","a
2 {"page":2,"results":[{"title":"Friday The 13th: Ex

SQL> select m.pagenr

2 ,a.*
3 from movies m
4 cross
5 apply json_table (m.all_movies
6 ,'$.results[*]'
7 columns (
8 original_title SQL> select m.pagenr
9 ,original_language 2 ,a.*
10 )) a 3 from movies m
11 where json_exists (m.all_movies 4 cross
12 ,'$.results[*]?(@.original_language != "en")' 5 apply json_table (m.all_movies
13 ) 6 ,'$.results[*]?(@.original_language != "en")'
14* / 7 columns (
8 title varchar2(135)
PAGENR ORIGINAL_TITLE ORIGI 9 ,original_title varchar2(180)
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----- 10 )) a
1 Friday the 13th en 11* /
1 Friday the 13th en
1 Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter en
1 Friday the 13th Part 2 en
1 Friday the 13th: A New Beginning en
1 Friday the 13th Part III en
1 Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives en
1 Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan en

 PAGENR TITLE ORIGINAL_TITLE

---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 Friday the 13th : The Conspiracy Begins
2 Jason Rising: A Friday the 13th Fanfilm
2 Friday the 13th
2 Friday the 13th II
2 Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2
3 Evil Empire: Friday the 13th Chapter 2
3 I Screamed When I Knew What You Did in Friday the
13th of Last Summer
--------------------------------------------------
Friday the 13th : The Conspiracy Begins
Jason Rising: A Friday the 13th Fanfilm
Péntek 13
Petak 13. II
악의제국: 13일의금요일 챕터2
악의제국: 13일의금요일 챕터2
Entrei em Pânico ao Saber o Que Vocês Fizeram na
Sexta-feira 13 do Verão Passado

3 I Scream When I Knew What You Did in Friday the Entrei em Pânico ao Saber o que Vocês Fizeram na
13th of Last Summer Part 2 - I Saw the Hour of the Sexta-feira 13 do Verão Passado Parte 2 - A Hora
Return of the Revenge in Halloween da Volta da Vingança dos Jogos Mortais de
Halloween

8 rows selected.

{"killer":"Jason Voorhees"}

{
"killer":"Jason Voorhees"
}

{
"killer"
:"Jason Voorhees”
}

Comparing

 drop table t purge insert into t

/ values ('{"killer":"Jason Voorhees"}'
,'{
create table t "killer":"Jason Voorhees"
(data1 varchar2(4000) }'
,data2 varchar2(4000) )
) /

select * drop table t purge

from t /
where json_equal (data1, data2)
/ create table t
(data1 varchar2(4000)
DATA1 DATA2
------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
,data2 blob
{"killer" : "Jason Voorhees"} {"killer" : "Jason Voorhees"} )

 insert into t select *

values ('{"killer":"Jason Voorhees"}' from t
,utl_raw.cast_to_raw where json_equal (data1, data2)
('{ /
"killer":"Jason Voorhees"
DATA1 DATA2
}') ------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
) {"killer" : "Jason Voorhees"} 7B2274686973223A2274686174227D

Trivia
Who was the Killer in the First Movie?
Changing
Photo by Pedro Figueras: https://www.pexels.com/photo/person-s-hand-touching-wall-626163/

 {
"page": 1,
"results": [ "Original"
{
"title": "Friday the 13th",
"adult": false,
"backdrop_path": "/e5Z35sfdHd3bnUdrzKPEvgcx4Db.jpg",
"genre_ids": [

Pamela ],
27

"popularity": 46.026,
"video": false,
"release_date": "1980-05-09",

Voorhees "original_language": "en",

"overview": "Camp counselors are stalked and murdered by an unknown...",
"original_title": "Friday the 13th",
"vote_count": 2261,
"id": 4488,
"poster_path": "/HzrPn1gEHWixfMOvOehOTlHROo.jpg",
"vote_average": 6.4
},{}{}{}{} "killer" : "Pamela Voorhees"
],
"total_pages": 3,
"total_results": 50
By Source, Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21788251 }

{ select json_transform (m.all_movies

"Original": [ ,remove '$.results[*]?(@.id != 4488)'
{ ,keep '$.results[*].title'
"title": "Friday the 13th", ,'$.results[*].release_date'
"release_date": "1980-05-09", ,'$.results[*].original_language'
"original_language": "en", ,'$.results[*].original_title'
"original_title": "Friday the 13th", ,'$.results[*].id'
"id": 4488, ,set '$.results[*].killer' = 'Pamela Voorhees'
"killer": "Pamela Voorhees" ,rename '$.results' = 'Original'
} )
] from movies m
} where m.pagenr = 1;

 update movies
set all_movies
= json_transform (m.all_movies
,remove '$.results[*]?(@.id != 4488)'
,keep '$.results[*].title'
,'$.results[*].release_date'
,'$.results[*].original_language'
,'$.results[*].original_title'
,'$.results[*].id'
,set '$.results[*].killer' = 'Pamela Voorhees'
,rename '$.results' = 'Original'
Generate
)
where m.pagenr = 1;

Photo by Mathew MacQuarrie on Unsplash

{
"Friday13th": [
{
"1923": [
{
SQL> select id "original_title": "Friday the 13th",
2 ,release_date "release_date": "1923-02-01T00:00:00",
3 ,original_title "original_language": "en"
4 from rel_movies }
5* / ]
},
ID RELEASE_D ORIGINAL_TITLE {
---------- --------- -------------------------------------------------- "1953": [
13207 11-FEB-09 Friday the 13th {
4488 09-MAY-80 Friday the 13th "original_title": "Friday the 13th",
9730 13-APR-84 Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter "release_date": "1953-05-07T00:00:00",
9725 01-MAY-81 Friday the 13th Part 2 "original_language": "en"
9728 13-AUG-82 Friday the 13th Part III },
9731 22-MAR-85 Friday the 13th: A New Beginning {
10225 01-AUG-86 Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives "original_title": "Péntek 13",
10283 28-JUL-89 Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan "release_date": "1953-01-01T00:00:00",
"original_language": "hu"
}
]
},

 select json_arrayagg (
select json_object (original_title json_object (original_title
,release_date ,release_date
,original_language ,original_language
returning clob) returning clob)
from rel_movies returning clob)
from rel_movies
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","origin
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1980-05-09T00:00:00","origin
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter","release_date":"1984-04-1 [{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","origi
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part 2","release_date":"1981-05-01T00:00:00",
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part III","release_date":"1982-08-13T00:00:00
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th: A New Beginning","release_date":"1985-03-22T
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives","release_date":"1986-08
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan","release_da

select json_object (key nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown')

select json_object (key nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown')
value json_arrayagg (
value json_arrayagg (
json_object (original_title
json_object (original_title
,release_date
,release_date
,original_language
,original_language
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
from rel_movies
from rel_movies
group by to_char (release_date, 'yyyy')
Error at Command Line : 1 Column : 39
Error report -
SQL Error: ORA-00937: not a single-group group function {"1923":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1923-02-01T00:00:00
00937. 00000 - "not a single-group group function" {"1953":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1953-05-07T00:00:00
*Cause: {"1979":[{"original_title":"The Orphan","release_date":"1979-11-02T00:00:00","or
*Action: {"1980":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1980-05-09T00:00:00

 select json_object (
'Friday13th' value
select json_arrayagg (
json_arrayagg (
json_object (key nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown')
json_object (key nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown')
value json_arrayagg (
value json_arrayagg (
json_object (original_title
json_object (original_title
,release_date
,release_date
,original_language
,original_language
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
returning clob)
from rel_movies
returning clob)
group by to_char (release_date, 'yyyy')
from rel_movies
group by to_char (release_date, 'yyyy')

[{"1923":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1923-02-01T00:00:0 {"Friday13th":[{"1923":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1923

{
"Friday13th": [
{
"1923": [
{
"original_title": "Friday the 13th",
"release_date": "1923-02-01T00:00:00",
"original_language": "en"
}
]
},
{
"1953": [
{
Oracle Database 21c
"original_title": "Friday the 13th",
"release_date": "1953-05-07T00:00:00",
"original_language": "en"
},
{
"original_title": "Péntek 13",
"release_date": "1953-01-01T00:00:00",
"original_language": "hu"
}
]
},

 Curly
Brac
kets
select json_arrayagg (
select json {original_title json {original_title
,release_date ,release_date
,original_language ,original_language
} }
from rel_movies )
from rel_movies

{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","origin

{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1980-05-09T00:00:00","origin
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter","release_date":"1984-04-1 [{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","origi
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part 2","release_date":"1981-05-01T00:00:00",
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part III","release_date":"1982-08-13T00:00:00
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th: A New Beginning","release_date":"1985-03-22T
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives","release_date":"1986-08
{"original_title":"Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan","release_da

select json_arrayagg (
select json {nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown')
json {nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown')
value
value
json_arrayagg (
json_arrayagg (
json {original_title
json {original_title
,release_date
,release_date
,original_language
,original_language
}
}
)}
)})
from rel_movies
from rel_movies
group by to_char (release_date, 'yyyy')
group by to_char (release_date, 'yyyy')

{"1923":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1923-02-01T00:00:00

{"1953":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1953-05-07T00:00:00
{"1979":[{"original_title":"The Orphan","release_date":"1979-11-02T00:00:00","or
{"1980":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1980-05-09T00:00:00 [{"1923":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1923-02-01T00:00:0

 select json {'Friday13th' value

json_arrayagg ( SQL> select json {OriGinAl_tiTle}
json {nvl (to_char (release_date, 'yyyy'), 'unknown') 2 from rel_movies
value 3* /
json_arrayagg (
json {original_title JSON{ORIGINAL_TITLE}
,release_date -------------------------------------------------------
,original_language {"OriGinAl_tiTle":"Friday the 13th"}
} {"OriGinAl_tiTle":"Friday the 13th"}
)})} {"OriGinAl_tiTle":"Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter"}
from rel_movies {"OriGinAl_tiTle":"Friday the 13th Part 2"}
group by to_char (release_date, 'yyyy')

{"Friday13th":[{"1923":[{"original_title":"Friday the 13th","release_date":"1923

Squ
are
Brac
kets
SQL> select json [{'title' : original_title}] SQL> select json {*}
2 from rel_movies 2 from rel_movies
3* / 3* /

JSON[{'TITLE':ORIGINAL_TITLE}] JSON{*}
----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------
[{"title":"Friday the 13th"}] {"ID":13207,"RELEASE_DATE":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","ORIGINAL_TITLE":"Friday the
[{"title":"Friday the 13th"}] {"ID":4488,"RELEASE_DATE":"1980-05-09T00:00:00","ORIGINAL_TITLE":"Friday the
[{"title":"Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter"}] {"ID":9730,"RELEASE_DATE":"1984-04-13T00:00:00","ORIGINAL_TITLE":"Friday the 13th: The
[{"title":"Friday the 13th Part 2"}] {"ID":9725,"RELEASE_DATE":"1981-05-01T00:00:00","ORIGINAL_TITLE":"Friday

 SQL> select json [*]

2 from rel_movies
SQL> select json [release_date, original_title] 3* /
2 from rel_movies
3* / Error starting at line : 1 in command -
select json [*]
JSON[RELEASE_DATE,ORIGINAL_TITLE] from rel_movies
-----------------------------------------
["2009-02-11T00:00:00","Friday the 13th"] Error at Command Line : 1 Column : 14
["1980-05-09T00:00:00","Friday the 13th"] Error report -
["1984-04-13T00:00:00","Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter"] SQL Error: ORA-00936: missing expression
["1981-05-01T00:00:00","Friday the 13th Part 2"] 00936. 00000 - "missing expression"
*Cause:
*Action:

SQL/JSON
Path Expressions Changing
Photo by Pedro Figueras: https://

Storing
Photo by Jon
Comparing
Generating
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