Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.

108)
ELT Department

e.g. I met a woman who could speak 6 languages.

The woman whom I met could speak 6 languages.
The elephant is the animal which lives in hot countries.
‘Vietnam’s got talent’ is the TV program which I enjoy watching most.
The film that I saw last night was great.
The woman that is talking is the manager.

 Vị trí: đứng sau DANH TỪ

 Chức năng: bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, đóng vai trò của TÍNH TỪ
 Bắt đầu bằng WHO hoặc WHOM (dùng để chỉ NGƯỜI), hoặc WHICH (dùng để chỉ VẬT ), hoặc THAT (dùng
cho cả 2 trường hợp)
I. PUT IN who OR which
1. I've never spoken to the woman who lives next door.
2. What’s the name of the river which flows through the town?
3. Do you know anybody who wants to buy a car?
4. You always ask questions which are difficult to answer.
5. My coat is the one which hangs over there.
6. Why does he always wear clothes which are too small for him?
7. The cooker which is on sale is made in Japan.
8. This river is the one which flows through the town.
9. Those who fix water pipes are called plumbers.
10. There’s a café near here which serves very good meals.
II. PUT IN who OR whom

Noun (people) + WHO + V

Noun (people) + WHOM + S +V

e.g. They called a doctor who lives nearby.

Patient No 17 is the person whom everyone is talking about.

1. The people whom we met were very nice.

2. What's the name of the friend whom you're staying with?
3. A coward is someone who is not brave.
4. Do you know the person who took these photos?
5. The woman whom he felt in love with left him after a month.
6. Some of the people whom we invited couldn't come.
7. Gary is a person whom you can rely on.
8. I made friends with a woman who owned a restaurant.
9. This is a class for the children who can't read and write.
10. That's the man who planted trees for us.

 Cách nối 2 câu dùng Relative Clauses:

- Gạch dưới 2 cụm từ cùng chỉ 1 người hoặc 1 vật
- Đặt câu thứ 2 ngay sau cụm từ được gạch dưới ở câu thứ nhất
- Thay cụm từ thứ 2 bằng WHO (chỉ người) hoặc WHICH (chỉ vật)

e.g. I know a girl. She can sing in 6 different languages.

 Step 1: I know a girl. She can sing in 6 different languages.
Step 2: I know a girl she can sing in 6 different languages.
Step 3: I know a girl WHO she can sing in 6 different languages.
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department

e.g. I have an uncle in Germany. I inherited a lot of money from him.

 Step 1: I have an uncle in Germany. I inherited a lot of money from him.
Step 2: I have an uncle in Germany I inherited a lot of money from him.
Step 3: I have an uncle in Germany WHOM I inherited a lot of money from him.

The thieves got away in a car. It was parked behind the house.
 Step 1: The thieves got away in a car. It was parked behind the house.
Step 2: The thieves got away in a car It was parked behind the house.
Step 3: The thieves got away in a car WHICH It was parked behind the house.

The paintings are priceless. They are on display at the Louvre.

 Step 1: The paintings are priceless. They are on display at the Louvre.
Step 2: The paintings They are on display at the Louvre are priceless.
(The paintings are priceless They are on display at the Louvre.)
Step 3: The paintings WHICH They are on display at the Louvre are priceless.

III. COMBINE TWO SENTENCES INTO ONE, USING RELATIVE CLAUSES:

 RELATIVE PRONOUN: WHO  people (WHO + V)
1.Do you know the people? They live next door.
 Do you know the people who live next door ?
2.I don’t like the man. He’s going out with my sister.
 I don’t like the man who is going out with my sister.
3.Most of the people are very nice. They work in Peter’s office.
 Most of the people who work in Peter’s office are very nice.
4.The teacher is from Australia. He teaches me English.
The teacher who teaches me English is from Australia.
5.Do you know the girl? She danced with me last night.
Do you know the girl who danced with me last night ?
 RELATIVE PRONOUN: WHOM  people (WHOM + S + V)
6.The woman is the manager. Tom’s talking to her.
The woman whom Tom is taking to is the manager.
7.The man was innocent. The police arrested him. (innocent (adj): vô tội)
The man whom the police arrested was innocent.
8.He’s a friend. I’ve known him for years.
He is a friend whom I have known for years.
9.The girl lives next door. They’re talking about her.
The girl whom they are talking about lives next door.
10. Do you know the girl? I danced with her.
Do you know the girl whom I danced with ?
 RELATIVE PRONOUN: WHICH  things / animals
 WHICH + V
11. The car belongs to Susan. It is parked outside.
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
 The car which is parked outside belongs to Susan.
12. I saw several houses. They were unsuitable.
 I saw several houses which were unsuitable.
13. The bus isn’t running. It goes to Dam Sen water park.
 The bus which goes to Dam Sen water park isn’t running.
14. I know a shop. It sells really good meat.
 I know a shop which sells really good meat.
 WHICH + S + V
15. The poems are very hard to understand. Mark writes them.
 The poems which Mark writes are very hard to understand.
16. Do you like the new dress? I bought it yesterday.
 Do you like the new dress which I bought yesterday ?
17. The eggs were bad. I bought them yesterday
 The eggs which I bought yesterday were bad.
18. Here’s the book. You asked me to buy it for you.
 Here’s the book which you asked me to buy for you.
 RELATIVE PRONOUN: THAT  people / things / animals
 THAT + V
19. Joe’s got a motorbike. It can do 200km an hour.
Joe’s got a motorbike that can do 200km an hour.
20. The man spoke Greek. He phoned me last night.
The man that phoned me last night spoke Greek.
21. The doctors all said different things. They looked at my legs.
The doctors that looked at my legs all said different things.
22. A bee is an insect. It makes honey.
A bee is an insect that makes honey.
 THAT + S + V
23. Have you met the man? Susan is going to marry him.
Have you met the man that Susan is going to marry ?
24. They played a lot of music. I didn’t like it.
They played a lot of music that I didn’t like.
25. The campsite was very dirty. We found it.
The campsite that we found was very dirty.
26. The book is very good. You suggested it for me.
The book that you suggested for me is very good.
 RELATIVE PRONOUN: WHOSE
WHOSE + NOUN + V
27. I’ve found a plant. Its flowers are yellow.
I’ve found a plant whose flowers are yellow.
28. A firefighter is someone. His job is to make fires stop burning.
A firefighter is someone whose job is to make fires stop burning.
29. They will offer scholarships to the students. Their test results are outstanding.
They will offer scholarships to the students whose test results are outstanding.
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
WHOSE + NOUN + S + V
30. That’s the man. We damaged his car.
That’s the man whose car we damaged.
31. The woman is on the phone. You met her son.
The woman whose son you met is on the phone.
32. I will tell you about a boy. I admire his courage.
I will tell you about a boy whose courage I admire.
 RELATIVE ADVERBS: WHERE / WHEN
33. She opened the cupboard. She kept her best glasses there.
She opened the cupboard where she kept her best glasses.
34. This is the house. General Giap used to live in this house.
This is the house where General Giap used to live.
35. This is the time of the year. Many people suffer from hay fever at that time.
This is the time of the year when many people suffer from hay fever.
36. 2006 was the year. We got married then.
2006 was the year when we got married.
37. The summer was long and hot. I graduated then.
The summer when I graduated was long and hot.

 SUMMARY:
- Chỉ người: WHO + V - Sở hữu: WHOSE + NOUN + SV
WHOM + SV WHOSE + NOUN + V
- Chỉ vật: WHICH + V - Nơi chốn/Thời gian:
WHICH + SV Time + WHEN (=in/on/at + which) + SV
- Chỉ người hoặc vật: THAT + V Place + WHERE (=in/on/at + which) + SV

THAT + SV

IV. OMIT RELATIVE PRONOUNS IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES IF POSSIBLE. CROSS IT OUT.
2. Do you know the boy who is sitting next to An?
3. Everything that I said was true.
4. The film which we saw was very interesting.
5. Jim was wearing a hat which was too big for him.
6. Linh is the friend whom I went on holiday with.
7. I really liked the tea that is bought from that shop.
8. The shoes which I bought were the ones that I tried on first.
9. We didn’t enjoy the play that we went to see.
10.Man should conserve natural resources which they depend upon.
11.Don’t cook the meat that I put in the freezer. It’s for the dog.

 Notes: - Bỏ được WHOM

- Bỏ được WHICH và THAT chỉ khi nó đứng trước SV
- Công thức: Noun + (WHOM) + SV
Noun + (WHICH / THAT) + SV
V. FILL IN THE CORRECT RELATIVE PRONOUN who / which / whom / whose. IF IT CAN BE OMITTED,
PUT IT IN BRACKETS:
1. Have you spoken to the man who sent you flowers?
2. Bob is looking at the photographs (which) he took on holiday.
3. Did you give John back the money (which) you borrowed from him?
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
4. Is that the couple whose house was destroyed by fire?
5. Is that the man who reads the news on TV?
6. Where is the letter (which) I gave you?
7. When did she buy the car (which) she is driving?
8. This is the necklace (which) I got for my birthday.
9. What is the name of the man (whom) I saw you with yesterday?
10. The other day I bumped into a woman (whom) I used to go to school with.
11. We sat at a table (which) was in a dark corner.
12. She said they were people who used computers to rob banks.
13. I don’t like people who smoke all the time.
14. Bush is the name of my mother’s dog which died last spring.
15. The lady next door (whom) I have never spoken to before phoned me today.
16. Do you know anyone who can speak French and Italian?
17. This morning I met an old friend (whom) I hadn't seen for ages.
18. Barbara works for a company which makes furniture.
19. We stayed at the hotel (which) you recommended.
20. Liz, whose car has broken down, is in a bad mood.

VI. REWRITE THESE SENTENCES, USING RELATIVE CLAUSES:

1. The man delivered the parcel. He was very friendly.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She rented a flat. It was on the second floor.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I have a friend. Her parents work for UNICEF.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. You made an offer. We cannot accept it.
 We…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Last week I ran into an old friend. I hadn’t seen him for ages.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. What’s the name of the friend? We borrowed his tent.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. The flight was cancelled. Jack was leaving on that flight.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. This is the CD player. My parents gave it to me on my sixteenth birthday.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. I read about a child. Her life was saved by a dog.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
10. I was sitting on the chair. It suddenly collapsed.
 The chair…..……………………………………………………………………………………………
11. The people were nice. We visited their house.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Jenny is looking for a book. It belongs to her mother.
 The book ………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. Emma had lunch with a woman. The woman was her client.
 The woman……………………………………………………………………………………………
14. Lydia is looking at a painting. It is very famous.
 The painting……………………………………………………………………………………………
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
15. He wore a mask. It made him look like Mickey Mouse.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
16. The new stadium will be opened next month. It can hold 90,000 people.
 ..................……………………………………………………………………………………………
17. A man answered the phone. He told me you were away.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
18. Can you see the cat? It’s lying on the roof.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
19. I was invited by a professor. I met him at the conference.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
20. The car was orange. The bank robbers escaped in it.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
21. Love is a feeling. Nobody can describe it.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
22. The museum is closed now. We visited it last month.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
23. Have you found the keys? You’ve lost them.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
24. I have a friend. Her parents are doctors.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
25. You’re sitting on the bench. The paint on it is still wet.
 The paint……..……………………………………………………………………………………………
26. Mr. Brown is the doctor. His advice is very useful.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
27. The little girl is sad. Her doll was lost.
 ………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………
28. The hotel was full of guests. It was miles from anywhere. The guests went there to
admire the scenery.(*)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
29. I lent you a book. It was written by a friend of mine. She lives in France.(*)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
30. The woman’s jewels were stolen. A police officer was staying in the same hotel. She was
interviewed by him.(*)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
VII. MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. Is that the same song……………we heard yesterday?
a. that b. who c. which d. both a and c
2. My sister, ……….wasn’t feeling very hungry, didn’t want to go to the restaurant.
a. she b. who c. whom she d. whom
3. Kangaroos, …………come from Australia, have long tails.
a. they b. who c. which d. those
4. I live in Da Lat, ……….is considered one of the most beautiful cities of Vietnam.
a. it b. which c. whom d. there
5. Tet is a festival………….occurs in late January or early February.
a. that b. which c. whom d. both a and b
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
6. I live in a country…………..has humid climate.
a. which it b. who c. which d. it
7. Singapore, ………is famous for its clean city, attracts millions of visitors every year.
a. which it b. who c. which d. where
8. Pesticides are chemicals………..are used to keep insects away from plants.
a. that b. which they c. where d. who
9. The cooker…………….I bought at Nguyen Kim electronic supermarket was of high quality.
a. whom b. who c. which d. whose
10. You have to return the watch to……………….lost it.
a. the man b. the one he c. the one who d. the man which
11. Family members …………apart try to be together at Tet.
a. who b. that lives c. who they live d. who live
12. They are talking about the singer…………won the Asian Idol Award.
a. which he b. that he c. who d. which
13. Uyen Linh, ………..won the Vietnam Idol Contest, used to study in Le Hong Phong High school.
a. whom she b. she c. who d. the girl
14. A person………….you don’t trust don’t trust you either.
a. who b. which c. _ d. whose
15. The friend............CD I borrowed wants it back.
a. who b. which c. _ d. whose
16. Children ...............parents are separated suffer a lot.
a. who b. whom c. _ d. whose
17. This is the village .................my mother spent her childhood.
a. when b. which c. _ d. where
18. Have you met the artist .................works are on exhibition at the National Museum?
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
19. The man ...............at the blackboard is our teacher.
a. standing b. stood c. stands d. to stand
20. The bridge.....................by a French architect is very nice.
a. designing b. designed c. designs d. has been designed

VIII. CORRECT THE MISTAKE IN EACH SENTENCE:

1. I like the necklace I got it for Christmas.
2. The boots which Ann gave to me is very comfortable.
3. He always remembers his childhood which he lived with his grandparents.
4. The nicest city I’ve visited it is Paris.
5. The car which it is parked outside belongs to me.
6. The children are eating the sandwiches are in my class.
7. The man who you met last week is an author.
8. The story she told you true
9. The chocolates which in that box come from Belgium.
10. The actress whom you admire her is only twenty years old.
11. The house which they live is very big.
12. The girl whom won the first prize is from India.
13. The woman who work I’m doing is coming back soon.
14. Tim is someone which I’ve known since I was very young.
15. Simon, whose lives near me, is learning to play the guitar.
16. This is the student whose his name I will never forget.
17. The man interviewed you is the boss.
18. A jellyfish, which isn’t really a fish, it has no brain, no bones, and no face.
19. The cooker whom I bought at Nguyen Kim is made in Japan.
20. Hue, where I would like to visit, is the former capital city of Vietnam.

IX. Fill in the blanks with relative pronouns or relative adverbs: who/whom/which/that/whose/
when/where/why. Add commas when necessary.
1. The woman .........................lives next door is a doctor.
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
2. Liz ………………..lives next door is a doctor.
3. Do you know the woman .........................Tim is talking to?
4. I don’t like these stories .........................have unhappy endings.
5. The dress .........................Liz bought doesn’t fit her very well.
6. Make a list of everyone .........................last name is Nguyen.
7. She lent me her books, most of…………………..she bought in Singapore.
8. This is the school .........................I used to study.
9. I can’t think of a reason .........................I should help you.
10. Those were the days .........................we were in love.
11. The man and the horse.........................fell into the river were drowned.
12. Tina got very good marks in the exam……………………pleased all her teachers.
13. I recently went back to the town ………………………. I grew up.
14. 1990 was the year ………………. we set up this institution.
15. John’s flat ……………………is in the same block as mine is much larger.
16. Vung Tau …………………..is not far from HCMC is a popular holiday resort.
17. My friend Tuan ………………..parents live in Da Lat invited me to spend Christmas there.
18. My bike ………………….I had left at the gate was stolen.
19. Peter …………………..couldn’t see the screen decided to change his seat.
20. Brenda is the friend …………………I went on holiday with.
 Notes: NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES

e.g. Yesterday I ran into John, who went to the same high school as me.

At Tet, my family always takes a trip to Hue, where I was born.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e.g. This is my grandmother, whom I love and admire most.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e.g. This/That book, which my friend gave me on my birthday, is a best-seller.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e.g. Chris did really well in his exam, which was quite a surprise.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e.g. There were a lot of people at the party, none of whom I knew.

He gave me lots of books, most of which he had read.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

X. COMBINE TWO SENTENCES, USING A RELATIVE CLAUSE:

1. This is Mr. Smith. His son Bill plays in our team.

……………………………………………………………………………….
2. Her book was published last year. It became a best-seller.
……………………………………………………………………………….
3. Jack’s car was broken down. He had to take a bus.
 Jack……………………………………………………………………….
4. My wallet contained over $100. It was found on the street by a schoolboy.
……………………………………………………………………………….
5. Mrs. Lake has just retired. I enjoy her class most.
 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
Le Hong Phong High school Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)
ELT Department
6. Colin told me about his new job. He enjoyed it very much.
 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
7. Those boys are naughty. They have to be punished.
 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
8. This is Henry. His wife is my closest friend.
 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
9. Dung comes from Nam Dinh. It is in the north of Vietnam.
 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
10. My aunt is trying to get a job. Her children are at school all day.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
11. Yesterday I met my friend Julie. She lives in New York.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
12. Neil Armstrong was born in 1930. He was the first man to stand on the moon.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
13. Is that Christine? You are sharing the flat with her.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
14. Ms. Xuan feels very sad. Her dog was stolen when she was on holiday.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
15. She bought two books. Both of them are about astronomy.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
16. Linh couldn’t come to the party. This was a pity.

 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………
17. These are my students. Most of them are good at English.

…………………………..………………………………………………………………….
18. There were three applicants. None of them seemed very competent.

…………………………..………………………………………………………………….
19. Alaska is the largest state in the United States. My brother lives there.

…………………………..………………………………………………………………….
20. There used to be a time. Dinosaurs dominated the earth at that time.

…………………………..………………………………………………………………….