Measuring the ICM velocity structure in the

Ophiuchus cluster

ZuHone, J.

Sanders, J. S.

(1);

Dennerl, K. (2);

Liu, A.
(3);

Fabian, A. C.
(4);

Pinto, C.
(5);

Eckert, D.
(6);

Russell, H. (7);

Tamura, T. (8);

Walker, S. A.
(9);

ZuHone, J. (10)

We have found evidence of bulk velocities following active galactic nucleus (AGN) bubbles in the
Virgo cluster and galaxy motions in the Centaurus cluster. In order to increase the sample and
improve our understanding of the intracluster medium (ICM), we present the results of a detailed
mapping of the Ophiuchus cluster with XMM-Newton to measure bulk flows through very accurate
Fe-K measurements. To measure the gas velocities, we use a novel EPIC-pn energy-scale
calibration, which uses the Cu Kα instrumental line as reference for the line emission. We created
2D spectral maps for the velocity, metallicity, temperature, density, entropy, and pressure with a
spatial resolution of 0.25 arcmin (~26 kpc). The ICM velocities in the central regions where AGN
feedback is most important are similar to the velocity of the brightest cluster galaxy. We have
found a large interface region where the velocity changes abruptly from blueshifted to redshifted
gas that follows a sharp surface brightness discontinuity. We also found that the metallicities and
temperatures do not change as we move outwards from the giant radio fossil previously identified
in radio observations of the cluster. Finally, we have found a contribution from the kinetic
component of $\lt 25{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ to the total energy budget for large distances.

Publication:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 522, Issue 2, pp.2325-2338

Pub Date:
June 2023
DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stad1132

10.48550/arXiv.2303.17556

arXiv:
arXiv:2303.17556
Bibcode:
Keywords:
• X-rays: galaxies: clusters;

• galaxies: clusters: general;

• galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium;

• galaxies: clusters: individual: Ophiuchus;

• Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies;

• Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics;

• Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

E-Print Comments:
15 pages, 20 figures. This paper is part of a series on the ICM velocity structure using XMM-
Newton observations. Related series papers: arXiv:2109.06213, arXiv:2203.12635;
doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1132

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