PRINCIPALS OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

 Degrees of Freedom
In structural analysis of plane structures, the number of independent
coordinates necessary to specify the configuration or position of a
system at any time is referred to as the # DOF.

3 DOF 3 DOF 6 DOF

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MODELING OF STRCUTURES

In structural dynamics, there are some of structures

modeled as one DOF system.

Then the following mathematical model can be used to

model a one DOF system

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UNDAMPED SINGLE DOF SYSTEM

The above undamped single DOF system is often referred to as

single undamped oscillator.
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 SPRINGS IN PARALLEL OR IN SERIES

❑ Springs in Parallel (same displacement)

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 SPRINGS IN PARALLEL OR IN SERIES

❑Springs in Series (same force) Since,

, then

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Newton's Law of Motion

F = ma Since,

, then

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Newton's Law of Motion

Since,

, then

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 Newton's Law of Motion ,

Since,

, then

2
T=

So,  T = 2
Then, T is called the natural period of the system

2
T=

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 Natural Period and Natural Frequency
,

2
Natural period : T= Since,

 , then

The natural frequency (f) of the system is the reciprocal to

the natural period T, then:

1  1 k
f = = f =
T 2 2 m
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 EXAMPLE (1) ,

Since,

Fcu = 30 N/mm2 , then

m = 20 kN
k2 = 40 kN/mm

Required:-
Determine the natural frequency of the shown system.

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 EXAMPLE (1): Solution ,

bh 3 250  600 3
I= = = 4.5  10 9 mm 4 Since,
12 12
PL3 , then

For cantilever beam:  =

3EI
Ec = 4400 30 = 24100 N / mm 2

Then; k1 =
P 3 EI 3  24100  4.5  10 9
= 3 =
 L 1500 3

= 9.64  10 4 N / mm = 96.4 kN / mm

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 EXAMPLE (1): Solution ,

The equivalent stiffness for the above system (same force) can be
calculated from:
Since,
1 1 1
= + , then
k e k1 k 2

1 1 1
= + = 0.0354 k e = 28.24 kN / mm
k e 96.4 40
Then;
ke 28.24
 = = = 1.19 rad/sec
m 20
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 EXAMPLE (1): Solution cont’
,

Natural frequency
Since,


f = = 0.19 cPs
, then

2

T = 5.3 sec #

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 EXAMPLE (2) ,

Since,

E = 200 kN/mm2 , then

I = 34.3 x 106 mm4

Required:-
Determine the natural frequency of the shown system.

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EXAMPLE (2): Solution ,

12 EI
k = 2 3
Since,

L , then

200  34.3  10 6
k = 24 
(4500) 3

k = 1.8 kN / mm

Single DOF System

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 EXAMPLE (2): Solution cont’
,

Then;
Since,

1 k 1 1.8  9810
f = =
, then

2 m 2 25 Single DOF System

f = 4.23 CPs T = 0.236 sec

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