NATIONAL CURRICULUM STATEMENT

ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

LESSON PREPARATION
TERM 2

GRADE 9 SUBJECT EMS WEEK(S): 6 HOURS: 30 MINUTES PERIOD: 3

DURATION:
DATE STARTED: DATE COMPLETED:

TOPIC:
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY
LINKS WITH PREVIOUS LESSON: LINKS WITH NEXT LESSON(S):

 Businesses found in the three sectors  The role of the three sectors in the economy
 Types of skills required in the three sectors

CONTENT: KEY TERMS (VOCABULARY):

 The interrelationship of the three sectors Primary sector, secondary sector, tertiary sector,
 Sustainable use of resources in the three sectors Interrelation, interdependent, sustainable, consumption, recycle, reuse,
reduce

TEACHER ACTIVITIES LEARNER ACTIVITIES APPROXIMATE TIME

BASELINE:
 Let some learners write the spelling of the following words on the board:
 Some learners write the correct
primary sector, secondary sector, tertiary sector, mining, fishing, forestry, Baseline: 5 min
spelling of the words on the board.
wholesaler, retailer, factory, and producer.

Interrelationship of the three sectors Lesson: 15 min

 The teacher together with the learners revisit Activity 1 about the flow of  Learners give an example of flow of
material from the primary sector to the secondary and tertiary sectors. material
 Let learners can give more examples of the flow of material.  Learners listen, take notes and
 Indicate to the learners that the flow does not always go in one direction. answer any questions that the
 In reality, all the sectors are related to each other and depend on each teacher poses to them in class.
other.
 Because of this we say that the sectors are interrelated.
 Learners ask questions for clarity and
 Let us look at each sector in more detail to see how they are related to the
other sectors: write down notes in their workbook.

Primary sector:  Learners complete notes in their

 The primary sector supplies raw materials to the secondary sector to be workbooks or paste notes in their
used in manufactured goods. workbooks.
 In addition, many primary products are supplied to tertiary businesses for
sale to consumers, such as fruits and vegetables, firewood, fresh fish, milk
and eggs.

Secondary sector:
 The secondary sector supplies the primary sector with much of the
equipment and consumable goods it needs to carry out its business
operations.
 For example, factories produce fertilisers and pesticides that farming
operations use in large quantities.
 Equipment and explosives for mining (primary sector) comes from
factories, which are secondary industries.
 Consumer goods produced by secondary industries are distributed to
consumers by tertiary sector businesses.
 At the same time, the secondary industry gets its operational goods such as
stationery, water and electricity, legal advice and banking services from
tertiary industries.

Tertiary sector:
 The tertiary sector gets everything it markets to consumers from primary
and secondary industries.
 In addition, tertiary industries supply primary, secondary and other tertiary
industries with goods and services they need to carry out their business
operations.
 Activity 4: The teacher together with the learners study and discuss the The learners interpret and discuss the
Activity 5: 5 min
diagram. diagram on Activity 4
Sustainable use of resources

 The teacher highlights and indicate to the learners about the importance of
protecting the environment and the resources available
 Resources are limited and may be depleted.
 Our resources are precious and many will run out or dry up if we do not use
them responsibly.
 The scarcity of resources may affect the normal functionality of the three
sectors
 Sustainable use of resources is about using resources in a way that will
allow them to last.
 Healthy eco-systems and environments give us important resources.
 One approach to managing the impact on eco-systems is to manage our
consumption of resources.
 The way we use goods and services should be analysed, managed and Lesson: 5 min
reduced, wherever and whenever possible.

 Ways in which we can make sure that we use resources sustainably:

 Recycle – this means sending goods back to factories so that they can
be reprocessed into new goods, thus saving on the use of new raw
materials.
 Reuse – this is about recovering certain parts of products that can be
used again in new products. For example, the components of computer
circuit boards contain certain metals that can be taken out and used to
create new circuit boards.
 Reduce – this is about finding ways to minimise our usage of raw
materials. For example, car manufacturers are always looking for ways
to make cars run on less petrol.
 Give learners Activity 5 to do at home.  Learners do Activity 5 at home.

TEACHING STRATEGY/ METHODOLOGY

Co- operative learning  Lecture / Direct instruction
Discussion  Visual/ Practical Demonstration 
Explanation  Simulation
Observation  Use of technology and instructional resources 
Question and answer  Role playing
Other : Other:
ASSESSMENT
FORM TOOL METHOD
Data Response Poster Memorandum  Baseline 
Project Class work  Rubric with criteria Formal
Case Study Homework  Checklist Informal 
Control Test Assignment Observation Sheet Educator
Examinations Class Test Other: Self 
Drama Other : Group work Other :
RESOURCES: OHP/Whiteboard/ Chalkboard/Worksheets/Hand-outs, pencils, pens, Textbook(s), Charts, class notes.

TEACHER REFLECTION EXPANDED OPPORTUNITIES/ ENRICHMENT

____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________
 Use either PowerPoint presentations, colourful charts (print rich class
room) or adjust the font size of notes for learners who are visually
impaired.
 Allow for peer teaching to accommodate learners who are not speakers of
the language of instruction.
 Assist learners who are struggling with the work. One-one assistance.
 Re-teach difficult concepts to learners.
Name of Teacher: ____________________________ HOD: _________________________________

Signature: __________________________________ Signature: ______________________________

Date: ______________________________________ Date: __________________________________

 SUPPORT MATERIAL TO BE USED BY THE TEACHER IN
PREPARATION OF THE LESSON

Act 4: Interrelationship of the three Sectors

Jadas Mondi
Furniture factory Plantations
(Secondary) (Primary)

Local Council Davy Dealers

Water & Hi-Fi Corp
(Spaza Shop in
Electricity Computers
township)
(Tertiary) Tertiary
(Tertiary)

Accountant
Diary Farmer
(Tertiary)
(Primary)

From the above illustration, the following deductions can be made indicating how
Dave Dealers a Spaza shop (tertiary sector) is dependent on other sectors to make his business run
smoothly:
1. He buys furniture for his business from Jadas Furniture which is found in the secondary sector.
2. Jadas Furniture is dependent on Mondi Plantations (primary sector) to supply the wood to
produce their furniture.
3. Davy dealers is also dependent on the diary farmer (primary sector) close by for the supply of fresh
milk which they sell to consumers.
4. The diary farmer is dependent on the local council for the provision of water and electricity
(tertiary sector).
5. Davy Dealers is also dependent on Hi-Fi Corp for technological equipment which they import from
oversees manufacturers/suppliers (secondary sector)
6. Most of the role players in all sectors are dependent on the accountant (tertiary sector) for their
book keeping.

Activity 5:
5.1. Interrelationship of the three sectors
Required:

1. Imagine you are the owner of either a hair salon or a motor spares shop. Draw a mind map to show
all the products and services that you provide or receive. Label each of these services according to
which sector of the economy it falls under (primary, secondary, tertiary)
2. Also show any connections between the business who you supply or who supply to you. Perhaps
some of them supply to each other. Use your imagination to create as many connections as you
can.

POSSIBLE ANSWERS

1. Each learner must develop a mind map for the chosen business – a hair salon or a motor spares
shop. Each mind map will be different and will depend on products and services connected to
either business that the learner has identified.
Suggestions are:
 Hair salon: Offers hair care services – washing, cutting, treatments, perms, colouring and styling, all
tertiary sector services. Sells and uses hair products – shampoos, conditioners, gels and colour tints,
obtained from other tertiary sector businesses. Some shampoos, conditioners and hair colours may
come directly from manufacturers in the secondary sector of the economy. Also uses cleaning
supplies, water and electricity, telephones and banking services, accountants and legal advice, all
from the tertiary sector of the economy.

 Motor spare shop: Sells motor vehicle spare parts, tyres and vehicle accessories (such as steering
wheel covers, seat covers and rubber mats), all obtained from secondary sector manufacturing
industries. Also offers advice on suitable parts, accessories and tyres for particular makes of vehicle
and repairs required. Sales and services are tertiary sector activities. Uses cleaning supplies, water
and electricity, telephones and banking services, accountant and legal advice, all from the tertiary
sector of the economy.

2. Cross-links may be made to connect supplying businesses to other service businesses for the supply
of cleaning supplies, water and electricity, telephones and banking services, accountant and legal
advice, all from the tertiary sector of the economy. Vehicle spares and tyres are also used by other
secondary and tertiary sector businesses.

5.2 Sustainable use of resources

5.2.1. Answer TRUE or FALSE:

1. The resources used in the different sectors are limitless.

2. Sustainable use of resources is about using resources in a way that will allow them to last.
3. The scarcity of resources may affect the normal functionality of the three sectors.
4. It is the responsibility of businesses only to take care of the environment and resources.
5. Better management of resources lead to economic growth and development.

5.2.2 Name and explain 3 ways in which we can make sure that we use resources sustainably:
POSSIBLE ANSWERS

5.2.1.1 FALSE
2. TRUE
3. TRUE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE

5.2.2.1 Recycle – this means sending goods back to factories so that they can be reprocessed into new
goods, thus saving on the use of new raw materials.

2 Reuse – this is about recovering certain parts of products that can be used again in new
products. For example, the components of computer circuit boards contain certain metals that
can be taken out and used to create new circuit boards.

3 Reduce – this is about finding ways to minimise our usage of raw materials. For example, car
manufacturers are always looking for ways to make cars run on less petrol