Bohubrihi - IELTS Vocabulary - Word List

IELTS Vocabulary | Word List
Word Meaning Synonym Use in a sentence
Firmament (n) The vault or arc of the sky Area, Arena Meteors flashing across the firmament
The field or sphere of an interest or Department, Discipline,
activity Domain
Tangible (adj.) capable of being perceived especially by Perceptible, Palpable, Her grief was tangible
the sense of touch ponderable
Preposterous contrary to nature, reason, or common Absurd, Bizarre, Crazy The whole idea is preposterous
(adj.) sense
Rigging (n) lines and chains used aboard a ship Apparel, costumery They checked the rigging before they
especially in working sail and supporting set sail.
masts and spars
Shroud (n) Burial garment Robe, Veil, Cover the truth of the affair will always be
hidden under a shroud of secrecy
Constellation (n) the configuration of stars especially at Cluster, Clump The constellation Ursa Major contains
one's birth the stars of the Big Dipper.
Evoke (v) to bring to mind or recollection Educe, Elicit The old house evoked memories of his
childhood.
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Hippotherapy (n) Physical therapy in which a patient Many insurance companies have
recognized hippotherapy's
medical value.
Stellar (adj.) Composed of stars Astral, Star, Starry The movie has a stellar cast.
Aptitude (n) A natural ability Talent, Tendency, The new test is supposed to measure
the aptitudes of the students.
Purportedly (ad.) as appears or is stated to be true, though Ostensibly, Allegedly The email, and other information, was
not necessarily discovered on a computer purportedly
belonging to Hunter Biden that was left
at a repair shop in Delaware.
Attic (n) a low story or wall above the main order cockloft, garret, loft rented the attic out to a college student
of a facade in the classical styles
Dilute (v) to make thinner or more liquid by adulterate, thin, water down, You can dilute the medicine with water.
admixture weaken
Cluster (n) a number of similar things that occur Array, Assemblage, Band, A cluster of cottages along the shore
together Batch, Block, Bunch, Clot
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Drift (n) the act of driving something along bowl, breeze, brush The slow drift of the clouds
Reliever (n) something or someone that relieves Ally, companion pain relievers like aspirin and ibuprofen
pain, distress, or difficulty.
Elliptical (adj.) of, relating to, or shaped like an ellipse ambiguous, arcane, cryptic The moon follows an elliptical path
around the Earth.
Gyre (n) a circular or spiral motion or form Circumference, aureole At the surface, that gyre spins in the
same direction of the hurricanes
Infer (v) to derive as a conclusion from facts or Conclude, Decide, Deduce we see smoke and infer fire
premises
Somber (adj.) so shaded as to be dark and gloomy Black, Caliginous, Dark, Fred's mood remained somber
Darkened throughout the meal.
Congenital (adj.) existing at or dating from birth born, natural The irregularity in my backbone is
probably congenital.
Persist (v) to go on resolutely or stubbornly in spite carry on, persevere The reporter persisted with his
of opposition, importunity, or warning questioning.
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Pursue (v) to follow in order to overtake, capture, kill, Chase, hound pursued by dozens of fans
or defeat Track, Follow,
to find or employ measures to obtain or Pursue a degree
accomplish
Crystalline (adj.) strikingly clear or sparkling clear, Crystal, limpid we could see fish swimming beneath
the crystalline ice of the frozen lake
a structure built along or at an angle Dock, float, jetty, landing
Wharf (n) from the shore of navigable waters so tied the rowboat up at the wharf
that ships may lie alongside to receive
and discharge cargo and passenger
Skirmish (n) a minor fight in war usually incidental to Brush, encounter, hassle Skirmishes broke out between rebel
larger movements groups.
Vent (v) to give often vigorous or emotional loose, release, take out, Fred comes home from work and vents
expression to unleash to the kids
Bonny (adj) Attractive Attractive, Fine, Excellent a bonny child dressed in traditional
Scottish clothing
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Ecstatic (n) relating to, or characterized by ecstasy elated, elevated, enrapt We were ecstatic, but increasingly
or a state of sudden, intense, nervous
overpowering emotion
Rapturous (n) an expression or manifestation of elatedness, elation, euphoria, We listened with rapture as the
ecstasy or passion exhilaration orchestra played.
Constraint (n) the state of being checked, restricted, or Continence, discipline, Lack of funding has been a major
compelled to avoid or perform some discretion, inhibition, constraint on the building's design.
action refrainment
Preoccupation (n) extreme or excessive concern with fetish, fixation We need to better understand the
something problems and preoccupations of our
clients.
Apprehension Viewing the future with anxiety or alarm Aware, cognizant, conscious, Many adults who do not think twice
(adj.) mindful about the risks of driving an
automobile are apprehensive about
flying.
Anticipation (n) a prior action that takes into account or contemplation, expectance Hired more security guards in
forestalls a later action anticipation of a large crowd
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Reticence (n) the quality or state of being reserve disinclination, hesitance, the publisher's reticence to make
reluctance content available online for free
Restrain (v) to prevent from doing, exhibiting, or bridle, check, constrain restrained the child from jumping
expressing something
Aloof (adj.) removed or distant either physically or Antisocial, asocial, buttoned- an aloof, unfriendly manner
emotionally up
Allopatric (adj.) occurring in different geographic areas sympatric allopatric speciation
or in isolation
Camouflage (n) the disguising especially of military costume, disguise, guise The army tanks were painted green
equipment or installations with paint, and brown for camouflage.
nets, or foliage
Intriguing (adj.) engaging the interest to a marked absorbing, arresting, North Texas congressional races are
degree consuming, engaging also intriguing.
Rhetoric (n) the art of speaking or writing effectively Oratory, Eloquence The audience was impressed by the
rhetoric the young girl used in her
speech
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Huddle (v) to arrange carelessly or hurriedly Bunch, Cluster, Crowd, Pile, the solemnities had to be huddled
Press through at express speed
Inglorious (adj.) lacking fame or honor Shameful, Ignominious an inglorious defeat
Hypothesis (n) an assumption or concession made for Proposition, supposition, The evidence supporting this
the sake of argument theory, thesis hypothesis is pretty thin.
Stalemate (n) A drawing position in chess in which a deadlock, gridlock, halt, The budget debate ended in a
player is not in checkmate but has no impasse, logjam stalemate.
legal move to play
Divine (adj.) of, relating to, or proceeding directly from Heavenly, godlike The meal was just divine.
God
Eternal (adj.) having infinite duration Everlasting, ageless, the eternal flames of hell
continuing, dateless
Cavalier (adj.) the eternal flames of hell Arrogant, Assumptive, a cavalier attitude toward money
Bumptious, Chesty
Evade (v) to take refuge in escape or avoidance avoid, dodge, duck, elude, The criminals have so far managed to
escape, eschew evade the police.
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Assertion (n) insistent and positive affirming, affirmation, asseveration, the assertion that all men have certain
maintaining, or defending avouchment, Avowal, claim, unalienable rights is set forth in the
declaration Declaration of Independence
Excerpt (n) a passage (as from a book or musical Extract, Passage an excerpt from his interview with The
composition) selected, performed, or Big Issue magazine
copied
Stance (n) a way of standing or being placed attitude, carriage, poise, They took an antiwar stance
posture, station
Reel (n) A revolvable device Gyration, Pirouette, She slipped and, after an out-of-
Revolution, Roll control reel, fell on her backside
Reverence (v) to offer honor or respect to (someone) adore, deify, glorify, revere, Devotees coming to reverence their
as a divine power venerate, worship god
Calamitous (adj.) bringing about ruin or misfortune Cataclysmal, catastrophic, a calamitous decision to sell their
damning, destructive products online exclusively ruined the
business
Cease (v) to come to an end break off, close, conclude, the rain finally ceased, and we were
dead-end able to continue the baseball game
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Pint sized (adj.) of a size that is less than average Bantam, diminutive, dinky, a pint-size wrestler who could defeat
dwarfish opponents twice his size
Counterpart (n) one that is equal to another in status, Coequal, compeer, she worked with her counterpart in the
achievement, or value coordinate, equal, equivalent other office to get the job done
Terrestrial (adj.) having to do with life on earth especially Carnal, earthborn, scientists haven't even found all the
as opposed to that in heaven earthbound, earthly, fleshly terrestrial life on our planet
Avian (n) relating to birds Aerial, floating,
Propelled (v) to apply force to (someone or drove, the aircraft is propelled by a pair of
something) so that it moves in front of turboprop engines

pushed, shoved, thrust
one
Insight (n) the ability to understand inner qualities discernment, perception, a therapist with real insight into
or relationships perceptiveness, perceptivity people's personalities
Diminutive (adj.) of a size that is less than average bantam, dinky, dwarfish, fine, a single diminutive shrub on the edge
Half-pint, Lilliputian of the lawn
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Hapless (adj.) having, prone to, or marked by bad luck hard-luck, ill-fated, ill- the hapless motorist had barely paid
starred, jinxed, luckless his bill and driven away from the body
shop when a truck sideswiped his car
Catapult (v) to send through the air especially with a cast, chuck, dash, Fire, fling, catapulted a pumpkin into the next
quick forward motion of the arm heave yard
Candidness (n) the free expression of one's true feelings bluntness, candor, candidness is something that we claim
and opinions directness, forthrightness to admire—except when we are on the
receiving end of a brutally honest
assessment
Demean (v) to lower in character, status, or Acquit, bear, behave, carry, he might have been observed to
reputation comport demean himself as a person with
nothing to do
Exasperate (v) to cause irritation or annoyance to aggravate, annoy, bother, It's a demanding dining experience that
bug may exhaust and exasperate some
customers
Obliging (adj.) willing to do favors Amiable, Good-natured, An obliging passerby helped her with
complaisant her packages.
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Evasive (adj.) tending or intended to evade elusive, fugitive, slippery They took evasive action to avoid
capture.
Qualm (n) a feeling of uneasiness about a point compunction, misgiving, The doctor seemed seized with a
especially of conscience or propriety scruple qualm of faintness.
Inadvertent (adj.) not focusing the mind on a matter accidental, casual, chance, an inadvertent encounter with a
fluky rattlesnake in the brush
Tumult (n) disorderly agitation or milling about of a ado, alarums and excursions, We had to shout to be heard over the
crowd usually with uproar and confusion ballyhoo, blather, bluster tumult.
of voices
Embellish (v) to make beautiful with ornamentation Elaborate (on), embroider, a book embellished with illustrations
exaggerate, hyperbolize,
magnify
Quip (n) A clever usually taunting remark crotchet, curiosity, They traded quips over a beer.
eccentricity, erraticism
Vicarious (adj.) experienced or realized through Indirect, Second-hand, this catalogue brings vicarious
imaginative or sympathetic participation Secondary, derivative, pleasure in luxury living
in the experience of another derived
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Cumbersome unwieldy because of heaviness and bulk awkward, bunglesome, a cumbersome package
(adj.) clumsy, clunky, cranky
Inarticulate (adj.) incapable of giving coherent, clear, or Mute, speechless, voiceless He's smart, but somewhat inarticulate.
effective expression to one's ideas or
feelings
Complacent (adj.) marked by self-satisfaction especially Apathetic, casual, a complacent smile
when accompanied by unawareness of disinterested, incurious
actual dangers or deficiencies
Derisive (adj.) expressing or causing contemptuous Absurd, cockamamy, the derisive performances of some of
ridicule or scorn comical, derisory the singers on the talent show
Sordid (adj.) marked by baseness or grossness bedraggled, befouled, Human beings are naturally curious
begrimed, bemired about other human beings, even if
those other human beings aren’t sordid
criminals.
Dearth (n) an inadequate supply crunch, deficiency, deficit, there was a dearth of usable firewood
drought at the campsite
Deter (v) to turn aside, discourage, or prevent from Discourage, dissuade, Inhibit she would not be deterred by threats
acting
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Benign (adj.) of a mild type or character that does not anodyne, harmless, hurtless, a benign lung tumor
threaten health or life innocent
Emulate (v) to strive to equal or excel add up (to), amount (to), Not that Sophia or Gretchen must
come (to), correspond (to), emulate anyone else.
equal
Counterpart (n) a thing that fits another perfectly coequal, compeer, Metal tools replaced their stone
coordinate, equal, equivalent counterparts many, many years ago.
Diminutive (n) one that is notably small dwarf, midget, mite, peewee the diminutives “-ette” and
“kitchenette”
Levity (n) excessive or unseemly frivolity facetiousness, flightiness, She would tolerate no levity in the
flippancy, frivolity classroom.
Census (n) a count of the population and a property count, tale, tally According to the latest census, the
evaluation in early Rome racial makeup of the town has
changed dramatically in the last 50
years.
Inclusion (n) the act of including : the state of being Increase, addition The expectation of inclusion had been
included baked into Tesla’s shares.
Correspondent having qualities in common akin, alike, analogous, reading and writing are actually
(adj.) cognate correspondent activities
Embroil (v) to place in conflict or difficulties bog (down), broil, the town has been embroiled in
embrangle, mire controversy over the building of the
huge shopping mall
Deploy (v) to place in a particular position emplace, fix, locate, park, The commander deployed additional
plant, position, set troops to the region this morning.
Grapple (n) the act or manner of holding clasp, clench, grasp, grip, was simply unable to break my
handgrip opponent's viselike grapple and lost the
wrestling match
Palpable (adj.) able to be perceived by a sense or by the Appreciable, Apprehensible, the tension in the negotiating room
mind Detectable, discernible was palpable
Eroding (v) to consume or wear away gradually biting (at), corroding, eating, the fear that inflation will continue to
fretting erode people's savings
Dispatch (v) to cause to go or be taken from one consign, pack (off), send, dispatched a messenger with urgent
place to another ship, shoot, transfer news
Forging (v) To move forward along a course advancing, coming, coming the rescue team forged ahead despite
along, doing, faring, getting the bad weather
along
Marginal (adj.) located at or near a border borderline, frontier marginal locations in the open-air
market are a bit cheaper
Vertex (n) the highest point extreme, extremity, tip Once you reach the vertex of the
mountain, the remainder of the route is
all downhill.
Solstice (n) the time or date (twice each year) at Each solstice is upon the ecliptic
which the sun reaches its maximum or midway between the equinoxes, and
minimum declination therefore go from each.
Nocturnal (adj.) of, relating to, or occurring in the night night, nightly, nighttime he bought a new telescope so he could
pursue his favorite nocturnal hobby of
astronomy
Crepuscular (adj.) Resembling or relating to twilight. black, caliginous, Dark, It is a nocturnal or crepuscular animal,
darkened, darkish generally sleeping during the day, but
showing considerable activity by night.
Pollinate (v) convey pollen to or deposit pollen on (a Breed, cross-fertilize there are not enough bees to pollinate
stigma, ovule, flower, or plant) and so their crops
allow fertilization.
Solitude (n) the state of being alone or kept apart aloneness, insulation, sought the kind of solitude where his
from others isolation, Privacy, thoughts would be his only
secludedness companions
Diminish (v) to express scornfully one's low opinion of bad-mouth, belittle, cry tends to diminish any rival's
down, decry, denigrate, accomplishments with snide remarks
deprecate
Anecdote (n) a brief account of something interesting story, tale, yarn told us once again that anecdote
that happened especially to one about the dog and the bike
personally
Allusion (n) a statement that refers to something implication, inference, The lyrics contain biblical allusions.
without mentioning it directly innuendo, insinuation
Reminisce (v) remember, recall recall, recollect, remember old college friends like to reminisce
Credence (n) firm belief in the integrity, ability, confidence, faith, stock, trust I'm afraid I don't put much credence in
effectiveness, or genuineness of common gossip
someone or something
Reprieve (n) a temporary halt in an activity or break, breath, breather, The pool offered a welcome reprieve
condition interruption, lull, pause, from the heat.
recess, respite
Dubious (adj.) giving good reason for being doubted, debatable, disputable, dodgy any letter bearing the signature of
questioned, or challenged [chiefly British], doubtable, Geronimo would be of dubious
doubtful, dubitable authenticity, to say the least
Rigid (adj.) not allowing for any exceptions or brassbound, cast-iron, rigid enforcement of drug laws
loosening of standards exacting, hardline, inflexible,
rigorous, strict
Misnomer (n) a name that is wrong or not proper or appellation, appellative, "International Airport" is something of a
appropriate cognomen, compellation, misnomer, since almost all the arriving
denomination, denotation, and departing flights are local
Bureaucracy (n) a system of government in which most of the unnecessary bureaucracy in local
the important decisions are taken by government
state officials rather than by elected
representatives.
Foist (v) to offer (something fake, useless, or fob off, palm, palm off, pass shopkeepers who foist shoddy
inferior) as genuine, useful, or valuable off, wish souvenirs on unsuspecting tourists
Incarnate (v) to represent in visible form body, embody, epitomize, the general view that Hitler incarnated
express, externalize, extreme egotism and indeed evil itself
incorporate, instantiate
Ambiguous (adj.) having an often intentionally veiled or arcane, cryptic, dark, deep, the exact reason for the change in
uncertain meaning Delphic, double-edged plans is ambiguous, but I suspect it has
something to do with money
Objective (n) something that one hopes or intends to aim, ambition, aspiration, the summer camp's stated objective is
accomplish bourne (also bourn), design, to produce tournament-level tennis
dream, end, goal players
Contraption (n) an interesting and often novel device contrivance, gadget, built a contraption for automatically
with a practical use gimmick, gizmo (also gismo), buttering toast
jigger, widget
Smug (adj.) having too high an opinion of oneself assured, biggety (or biggity) a winner who was so smug that he lost
[Southern & Midland], the goodwill of the crowd
bigheaded, complacent
Eccentric (adj.) different from the ordinary in a way that bizarre, bizarro, cranky, crazy, his eccentric decorating style isn't
causes curiosity or suspicion curious, erratic, far-out, funky going over well with the neighbors
Forthright (adj.) free in expressing one's true feelings and candid, direct, forthcoming, she sometimes was a little too
opinions foursquare, frank, free- forthright for her own good and ended
spoken up saying things that inadvertently
offended people
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Subtle (adj.) clever at attaining one's ends by indirect artful, beguiling, cagey (also used subtle methods of persuasion
and often deceptive means cagy), crafty, cunning, cute
Differentiate (v) to understand or point out the difference difference, discern, it was hard at first to differentiate
in discriminate, distinguish, between the two styles of music
secern, separate
Paucity (n) a falling short of an essential or desirable crunch, dearth, deficiency, a paucity of useful answers to the
amount or number deficit, drought problem of traffic congestion at rush
hour
Retract (v) to solemnly or formally reject or go back abjure, abnegate, forswear, the newspaper was forced to retract
on (as something formerly adhered to) recant, renege, renounce the story, which turned out to be based
on fabricated reporting
Surly (adj.) given to or displaying a resentful silence glum, mopey, pouting, pouty, went about his chores in a surly huff,
and often irritability sulky, sullen totally annoyed that he was stuck at
home on this beautiful Saturday
Discord (n) a lack of agreement or harmony conflict, disaccord, the discord between two of the
discordance, discordancy, members threatened to tear our team
disharmony, dissension of researchers apart
Discreet (adj) having or showing good judgment and intelligent, judgmatic (or he was very discreet, only saying what
restraint especially in conduct or speech judgmatical), judicious, was necessary
prudent
Malady (n) an abnormal state that disrupts a plant's affection, ail, ailment, bug, in the olden days people were always
or animal's normal bodily functioning complaint, complication, suffering from some unknown malady
condition, disease
Animosity (n) a deep-seated ill will animus, antagonism, his open animosity towards us made
antipathy, bad blood, our meeting very uncomfortable
bitterness, enmity
Guffaw (n) an explosive sound that is a sign of belly laugh, boff (or boffo), managed to keep a straight face for a
amusement boffola, cachinnation, cackle, minute before he let loose with a loud
chortle, chuckle guffaw
Malodorous (adj.) having an unpleasant smell fetid, foul, frowsty [chiefly the cellar will need to be cleared of
British], frowsy several malodorous piles of garbage
Insipid (adj.) lacking in taste or flavor dead, flat, flavorless, an apple pie with a mushy, insipid filling
savorless, tasteless, unsavory that strongly resemble soggy
cardboard
Besiege (v) to surround (as a fortified place) with beleaguer, blockade, invest, armies besieged the city for six months
armed forces for the purpose of leaguer before it finally surrendered
capturing or preventing commerce and
communication
Debase (v) to lower in character, dignity, or quality abase, bastardize, canker, we debase ourselves when we adopt
cheapen, corrupt, debauch, the moral code and behavior of our
degrade despised enemies
Lethargic (adj) slow to move or act dull, inactive, inert, quiescent, a big meal always makes me feel
sleepy, sluggish, torpid lethargic and sleepy
Tarnish (v) to affect slightly with something morally blemish, darken, mar, poison, a false accusation that nonetheless
bad or undesirable spoil, stain, taint, touch, tarnished her reputation
vitiate
Vindictive (adj.) likely to seek revenge revengeful, vengeful be careful not to annoy the vindictive
old woman who lives down the street
Convivial (adj.) likely to seek or enjoy the company of boon, clubbable (also the hiking club attracts a wide range of
others clubbable), clubby, convivial people who share a love of
companionable the outdoors
Morose (adj.) causing or marked by an atmosphere black, bleak, cheerless, chill, those morose job seekers who have
lacking in cheer Cimmerian grown accustomed to rejection
Erratic (adj.) lacking a definite plan, purpose, or aimless, arbitrary, catch-as- so far your effort to land a summer job
pattern catch-can, desultory has been very erratic
Archaic (adj.) having passed its time of use or antiquated, dated, démodé, the company needs to update its
usefulness demoded, fossilize archaic computer system
Placid (adj.) free from emotional or mental agitation calm, collected, composed, an exceptionally placid mother who
cool, coolheaded was rarely upset by her six children
Tawdry (adj.) marked by low quality and unbecoming brummagem, flashy, garish, We tolerate the neighbors' tawdry
appearance gaudy, glitzy, kitsch Christmas display during the holidays,
but by January we're about sick of it.
Assuage (v) to make more bearable or less severe allay, alleviate, ease, help, a mother cooing to her toddler and
mitigate, mollify assuaging his fear of the dark
Besmirch (v) to make dirty befoul, begrime, bemire, inconsiderately besmirched the carpet
blacken, daub, dirty with their dirty feet
Dilapidated (adj.) showing signs of advanced wear and beat-up, bombed-out, dog- a dilapidated car that had seen better
tear and neglect eared, down-at-the-heels days
Veneer (n) a deceptively attractive external facade (also façade), gloss, the veneer of civility that the neighbors
appearance window dressing had maintained over the years
disappeared with the filing of the first
lawsuit
Cogent (adj.) having the power to persuade compelling, conclusive, the results of the DNA fingerprinting
convincing, decisive, effective were the most cogent evidence for
acquittal
Urbane (adj) having or showing very polished and debonair, smooth, a gentlemanly and urbane host of
worldly manners sophisticated, suave elegant dinner parties
Voracious (adj.) having a huge appetite edacious, esurient, it seemed like the voracious kitten was
gluttonous, greedy, hoggish eating her weight in food every day
Spendthrift (adj.) given to spending money freely or extravagant, high-rolling, spendthrift consumers had amassed a
foolishly prodigal, profligate, mountain of debt on their credit cards
squandering
Profusion (n) a considerable amount abundance, barrel, basketful, apples grow in profusion in this valley
boatload, bucket
Obstinate (adj.) sticking to an opinion, purpose, or course adamant, adamantine, the child was obstinate about wanting
of action in spite of reason, arguments, bullheaded, dogged, hard, that specific toy, despite being offered
or persuasion hardened several others
Taxing (adj) requiring much time, effort, or careful arduous, burdensome, a very taxing workload that is taking a
attention challenging, demanding lot of time to finish
Ornate (adj.) elaborately and often excessively bedizened, florid, fussy, an ornate gambling casino that is
decorated gingerbread designed to look like an Italian palace
Fickle (adj.) likely to change frequently, suddenly, or capricious, changeable, a fickle friendship that was on and off
unexpectedly changeful over the years
Incessant (adj) going on and on without any ceaseless, continual, the incessant noise from an outside
interruptions continued, continuing, repair crew was a real distraction
continuous during the test
Pugnacious (adj) feeling or displaying eagerness to fight aggressive, agonistic, a movie reviewer who is spirited, even
argumentative, assaultive pugnacious, when defending her
opinions
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Smattering (n) a small number couple, few, handful, scatter, a smattering of guests at the art exhibit
scattering
Meander (v) to move about from place to place cruise, drift, float, gad theatergoers meandering around the
aimlessly (about), gallivant lobby waiting for the play to start
Vanquish (v) to bring under one's control by force of conquer, dominate, vanquished nation after nation in his
arms overpower, pacify, subdue relentless conquest of Europe
Malleable (adj) capable of being easily molded or moldable, plastic, shapeable malleable cookie dough
modeled
Devolve (v) to become worse or of less value atrophy, crumble, decay, the once-lovely neighborhood has
Decline, degenerate devolved into a squalid slum
Stolid (adj.) not expressing any emotion blank, catatonic, deadpan, the butler responded to the duchess's
empty, expressionless constant demands with stolid
indifference
Ingenuity (n) the skill and imagination to create new cleverness, creativeness, the mystery writer's exceptional
things creativity, imagination, ingenuity enabled her to devise plots
imaginativeness that always had readers guessing to
the very end
Enumerate (v) to specify one after another detail, itemize, List, numerate, I proceeded to enumerate the reasons
recite, reel off why I would be justified in filing a
lawsuit for negligence
Desecrate (v) to treat (a sacred place or object) defile, profane, violate vandals desecrated the cemetery last
shamefully or with great disrespect night by covering the tombstones with
graffiti
Perturb (v) to trouble the mind of; to make uneasy agitate, ail, alarm (also the caller's strange remark perturbed
alarum), bother, concern, me enough to keep me awake that
derail night
Elusive (adj) hard to find, capture, or isolate hard to find, capture, or isolate
Fawn (v) to use flattery or the doing of favors in apple-polish, bootlick, fuss, a student who could not wait to fawn
order to win approval especially from a kowtow over the new teacher
superior
Sanguine (adj.) eager for or marked by the shedding of bloodthirsty, bloody, bloody- the Civil War remains America's most
blood, extreme violence, or killing minded, homicidal sanguine conflict
Whimsical (adj.) prone to sudden illogical changes of capricious, freakish, it's hard to make plans with such a
mind, ideas, or actions impulsive whimsical best friend
Tirade (n) a long angry speech or scolding Diatribe, harangue, jeremiad, after the inspection by the health
philippic, rant department, we had to listen to the
manager's tirade about keeping the
restaurant's kitchen cleaner
Respite (n) a short period of time when you are able calm, calmness, hush, peace, The weekend provided a nice respite
to stop doing something that is difficult peacefulness, placidity, quie from the pressures of her job.
or unpleasant or when something
difficult or unpleasant stops or is delayed
Robust (adj.) enjoying health and vigor able-bodied, bouncing, fit, a robust and sturdy toddler
hale, healthy
Proponent (n) a person who actively supports or favors advocate, advocator, a vocal proponent of the use of
a cause apostle, backer, booster electric-powered cars
Ploy (n) a clever often underhanded means to artifice, device, dodge, fetch, asking me to take her shopping turned
achieve an end flimflam, gambit, gimmick out to be a ploy to get me to the
surprise party
Intransigent (adj.) sticking to an opinion, purpose, or course adamant, adamantine, he has remained intransigent, refusing
of action in spite of reason, arguments, all suggestions for improvement of the

bullheaded, dogged, hard
or persuasion process
Exhort (v) to try to persuade (someone) through egg (on), encourage, goad, the speaker exhorted the graduating
earnest appeals to follow a course of nudge, press, prod students to go forth and try to make a
action difference in the world
Contempt (n) open dislike for someone or something Contemptuousness, my undying contempt for people who
considered unworthy of one's concern or despisement, despite, abuse animals
respect despitefulness
Spurn (v) to show unwillingness to accept, do, balk (at), decline, deselect, fiercely independent, the elderly couple
engage in, or agree to disapprove, negative, nix spurned all offers of financial help
Excruciating (adj.) intensely or unbearably painful agonizing, harrowing, he finally visited the doctor when the
racking, raging, tormenting pain became too excruciating to ignore
Telltale (adj.) indicating something denotative, denoting, I know you've been eating chocolate
indicative, reflective, because of the telltale smudges on

significant your face
Unconscionable going beyond a normal or acceptable baroque, devilish, excessive, an unconscionable number of errors
limit in degree or amount exorbitant, extravagant, for an important government report
extreme
Destitute (adj.) lacking money or material possessions beggared, beggarly, broke, many families were left destitute by the
Dirt-poor, down-and-out horrible fire
Bellicose (adj.) feeling or displaying eagerness to fight aggressive, agonistic, bellicose hockey players who seem to
argumentative, assaultive, spend more time fighting than playing
belligerent
Sanctimonious pretending to be morally better than canting, goody-goody, A sanctimonious speech from
(adj.) other people holier-than-thou, moralistic, someone who refused to acknowledge
pharisaical, pious his own past failings.
Pertinent (adj.) having to do with the matter at hand applicable, apposite, he impressed the jury with his concise,
apropos, germane pertinent answers to the attorney's
questions
Rankle (v) to be excited or emotionally stirred up boil, burn, foam, fume, rage, that kind of rude treatment from a
with anger seethe, sizzle, steam, storm young person makes me rankle
Humdrum (adj.) causing weariness, restlessness, or lack arid, boring, colorless, drab, she leads a humdrum life that will
of interest dreary, drudging never be made into a major motion
picture
Detrimental (adj.) causing or capable of causing harm adverse, bad, baleful, there were serious concerns that the
baneful, damaging, factory's waste was detrimental to the
dangerous local environment
Deride (v) to make (someone or something) the gibe (or jibe), jeer, laugh (at), my brothers derided our efforts, but
object of unkind laughter mock, ridicule, scout, shoot were forced to eat their words when we
down won first place
Affable (adj.) having a relaxed, casual manner breezy, devil-may-care, as the show's affable host, she keeps
easygoing, happy-go-lucky, the freewheeling gabfest from getting
laid-back out of hand
Indignant (adj) feeling or showing anger angered, angry, apoplectic, the poker player became indignant at
ballistic, cheesed off the accusation of cheating
Convoluted (adj.) having many parts or aspects that are baroque, byzantine, complex, a convoluted explanation that left the
usually interrelated complicated listeners even more confused than they
were before
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IELTS Vocabulary | Word List

Word Meaning Synonym Use in a sentence

The field or sphere of an interest or Department, Discipline,

the sense of touch ponderable

especially in working sail and supporting set sail.

masts and spars

hidden under a shroud of secrecy

one's birth the stars of the Big Dipper.

the aptitudes of the students.

not necessarily discovered on a computer purportedly

belonging to Hunter Biden that was left

at a repair shop in Delaware.

of a facade in the classical styles

together Batch, Block, Bunch, Clot

pain, distress, or difficulty.

around the Earth.

same direction of the hurricanes

Darkened throughout the meal.

of opposition, importunity, or warning questioning.

or defeat Track, Follow,

to find or employ measures to obtain or Pursue a degree

the crystalline ice of the frozen lake

a structure built along or at an angle Dock, float, jetty, landing

that ships may lie alongside to receive

and discharge cargo and passenger

larger movements groups.

expression to unleash to the kids

or a state of sudden, intense, nervous

ecstasy or passion exhilaration orchestra played.

something problems and preoccupations of our

(adj.) mindful about the risks of driving an

automobile are apprehensive about

forestalls a later action anticipation of a large crowd

Allopatric (adj.) occurring in different geographic areas sympatric allopatric speciation

equipment or installations with paint, and brown for camouflage.

degree consuming, engaging also intriguing.

rhetoric the young girl used in her

IELTS Complete Preparation Mastering IELTS

IELTS Academic Test Mastering IELTS Writing

IELTS General Test Mastering IELTS Reading

Inglorious (adj.) lacking fame or honor Shameful, Ignominious an inglorious defeat

the sake of argument theory, thesis hypothesis is pretty thin.

player is not in checkmate but has no impasse, logjam stalemate.

legal move to play

escape, eschew evade the police.

declaration Declaration of Independence

composition) selected, performed, or Big Issue magazine

Revolution, Roll control reel, fell on her backside

as a divine power venerate, worship god

damning, destructive products online exclusively ruined the

dead-end able to continue the baseball game

Avian (n) relating to birds Aerial, floating,

something) so that it moves in front of turboprop engines

or relationships perceptiveness, perceptivity people's personalities

Half-pint, Lilliputian of the lawn

shop when a truck sideswiped his car

quick forward motion of the arm heave yard

and opinions directness, forthrightness to admire—except when we are on the