Service Manual

Buses
Group 59
Release 01
MID 222 Retarder control unit (RECU)
Fault tracing

TSP162353
 Foreword
The descriptions and service procedures contained in this manual are based on de-
signs and methods studies carried out up to December 2001.

The products are under continuous development. Vehicles and components produced
after the above date may therefore have different specifications and repair methods.
When this is judged to have a significant bearing on this manual, supplementary ser-
vice bulletins will be issued to cover the changes.

The new edition of this manual will update the changes.

In service procedures where the title incorporates an operation number, this is a refer-
ence to V.S.T. (Volvo Standard Times).

Service procedures which do not include an operation number in the title are for gen-
eral information and no reference is made to V.S.T.

The following levels of observations, cautions and warnings are used in this Service
Documentation:

Note: Indicates a situation, handling or circumstance which should be observed.

Important: Indicates a situation, handling or circumstance which should be empha-

sized so as not to lead to personal injury or damage to property.

Caution: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in
minor or moderate injury or damage to property.

Warning: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result
in death, serious injury or major damage to property.

Danger: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in
death or serious injury.

Volvo Bus Corporation

Göteborg, Sweden

Order number: TSP162353

© 2001 Volvo Bus Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic, me-
chanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of Volvo Bus Corporation.
 Contents
General .................................................................................................... 2
Multiplexed electrical system ................................................................. 2

Tools ........................................................................................................ 3
Special tools .......................................................................................... 3
Miscellaneous special equipment .......................................................... 3

Design and Function ............................................................................. 4

Control unit ............................................................................................ 4

Malfunction ............................................................................................. 7
Control unit ............................................................................................ 7
MID 222 PID 110 Coolant temperature .............................................. 10
MID 222 PID 120 Oil temperature, retarder ........................................ 12
MID 222 PID 158 Battery voltage, ECU ............................................. 14
MID 222 PPID 30 Power PWM valve, retarder ................................... 15
MID 222 PPID 31 Air pressure, retarder ............................................. 16
MID 222 PPID 54 ECU +5V outlet ...................................................... 18
MID 222 PPID 55 ECU temperature ................................................... 19
MID 222 SID 2 PWM valve, retarder .................................................. 20
MID 222 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link .......................................... 21
MID 222 SID 240 Program memory ................................................... 22
MID 222 SID 250 J1708 Information link ............................................ 22
MID 222 SID 253 Calibration memory ................................................ 23
MID 222 PSID 1 Relay, power supply ................................................. 24
Check list control system, compact retarder ....................................... 25

Feedback

1
Group 59 General

General
Multiplexed electrical system
Volvo Buses has introduced a multiplex electrical sys-
tem, constructed of control units which handle different
functions and communicate via mutual data links. All the
control units can thus directly exchange information with
the chassis’ other control units included in the network. If
necessary, the control units fetch and send information
via the links. Each control unit is placed in such a way
that it has a short distance to the components which it
controls and regulates. Therefore the lengths of the
cables from the control unit to the components are min-
imised.

The network is constructed of two data links which con-

nect the control units together. SAE J1939 is a high
speed link with a data rate of 250 kbit/s. This data link is
used for messages which require much faster updating.
J1587/J1708 is a low speed link with a data rate of 9.6
kbit/s. Through this link are sent messages which do not
require rapid updating, as for example, oil pressure.
J1587/J1708 also carry the fault codes the control units
have sent out.

Retarder control unit (RECU)

The retarder control unit is fully integrated into the bus’s
electronic system and communicates with other control
units via the data links J1939 and J1587/J1708. Signal
communication through the data links entails the possi-
bility of direct co-operation with other functions which
affect brake application, for example exhaust brake, con-
stant cruise control and ABS function.

The retarder control unit controls and regulates the re-

tarder after requests from the vehicle control unit. Analog
signals are sent from the retarder’s hand and foot control
to the vehicle control unit where they are converted to
digital signals which are sent via data link SAE J1939 to
the retarder control unit. The retarder function is con-
trolled by means of the control unit regulating current
supply to the retarder’s control valve.

The retarder control unit also handles a deregulating

function in order that overheating of the retarder will be
avoided.

2
Group 59 Tools

Tools
Special tools
The following special tools are used for working with the retarder control system. The
tools can be ordered from Volvo Parts Corporation quoting the specified part number.

T0010202

9998699 Measurement box 62-pin

T0008520

9998543 Adapter 55-pin

Measurement box 9998699 will replace measurement
box 9998942. Both tools can be used for measurements
of the retarder control unit.

T4015493
T5011440
9998534 Adapter 4-pin
9998567 Adapter 7-pin

Miscellaneous special equipment

The following tools, just like special tools, can be ordered from Volvo Truck Parts AB
quoting the specified part number.

T3006898

9510060 Multimeter

3
Group 59 Design and Function

Design and Function

Control unit
Signal types
The connector’s pins on the retarder control unit have
differing electrical propertes. The abbreviations which are
used for the different signal types are described below.

HDI High Digital Input

LDI Low Digital Input

GDI General Digital Input

(HDI/LDI)

HDO High Digital Output

LDO Low Digital Output

AI Analog Input

AO Analog Output

PMW Pulse Width Modulation

The signal types HDI, LDI, HDO and LDO have different Limits, HDI LDI HDO LDO
logic and construction in the control unit. The signals % of Ubat
thus have separate properties, see table page 4. The
signal types AO, AI and PWM have no general descrip- Uin>75% True Error True False
tions and are therefore not considered further here. Note (1) (1) (0)
that the limit values for the different signal qualities are
25% < False False Error Error
software assigned and in certain cases are unique for
Uin<75% (0) (0)
just one pin.
Uin< 25% Error True False True
(1) (0) (1)

4
Group 59 Design and Function

Explanation of pins
Pin no. Signal type Function Fault code
1 Supply Earth
2 Supply Relay voltage supply PSID 1
13 Analog Input Signal, Oil temperature for retarder PID 120
15 Supply Earth, sensor
20 Supply Relay voltage supply PSID 1
32 Analog input Signal, coolant temperature for retarder PID 110
34 Supply Supply (+5V), air pressure for retarder PPID 54
37 Analog input Signal, air pressure for retarder PPID 31
40 PWM Guide, PWM valve for retarder SID 2, PPID 30
41 PWM Guide, PWM valve for retarder SID 2, PPID 30
46 Supply Earth till PWM
50 Input/output Control link SAE J1939 A SID 231
51 Input/output Control link SAE J1939 B SID 231
52 Input/output Information link SAE J1587/J1708 A SID 250
53 Input/output Information link SAE J1587/J1708 B SID 250
55 Supply Battery voltage + PID 158

5
Group 59
Function
Application
The retarder control unit controls the retarder by regulat-
ing the current feed to the retarder’s solenoid valve.
From the retarder’s hand and foot control analog signals
are sent to the vehicle control unit where they are con-
verted to digital signals. From the vehicle control unit the
signals are sent via data link SAE J1939 to the retarder
control unit.
The retarder control unit translates the request for appli-
cation from the vehicle control unit to control signals to
the retarder’s solenoid valve. The parameters which de-
termine application for each step are programmed in the
vehicle control unit, but it is the retarder control unit
which converts these steps to equivalent output current
strength from the control unit.
If the driver depresses the accelerator pedal or if the
ABS system is activated, application is broken.
Fault indications and fault codes in connection with the
retarder’s hand and foot controls and their signals are
sent via data link J1587/J1708. Fault messages are
shown as icons in BIC at the same time as the yellow
INFO lamp on the instrument panel lights up. In BIC the
fault codes from the retarder control unit can also be
read.
6
Design and Function
Sensor for the retarder
In order to monitor the retarder function regarding appli-
cation and temperature conditions, the retarder is
equipped with a number of sensors. The signals from
these sensors are handled by the retarder control unit.
In order to check that the actual application pressure is
equivalent to the control signal to the solenoid valve
there is a pressure sensor which continually monitors the
pressure.
In order to minimise the risk of overheating the retarder,
there is a temperature sensor which monitors the tem-
perature of the oil in the retarder and the coolant in the
heat exchanger. If the retarder gets too hot, the control
unit activates a deregulation function which progressively
reduces application until the retarder has cooled down to
normal operating temperature.
For further information on the retarder function see ser-
vice information section 5 group 59.
Group 59 Malfunction

Malfunction
Control unit
Fault codes
For fault tracing protocol SAE J1587/J1708 is used, en-
larged with Volvo-specific additions. Below are described
a number of concepts which are central to fault tracing of
the retarder control unit.

MID SID
Message Identification Description Subsystem Identification Description
(Identification of control unit) (Identification of component)
PID PSID
Parameter Identification Description Proprietary Subsystem Identification Description
(Identification of parameter) (Volvo unique identification of component)
PPID FMI
Proprietary Parameter Identification Description Failure Mode Identifier
(Volvo unique identification of parameter) (Identification of fault type)

FMI table
SAE standard
FMI Display text SAE text
0 ”Value too high” Data applicable, but above normal working range.
1 ”Value too low” Data applicable, but below normal working range.
2 ”Data faulty” Intermittent or defective data.
3 ”Electrical fault” Abnormally high voltage or short-circuit to higher voltage.
4 ”Electrical fault” Abnormally low voltage or short-circuit to lower voltage.
5 ”Electrical fault” Abnormally low current or break.
6 ”Electrical fault” Abnormally high current or short-circuit to earth.
7 ”Mechanical fault” Incorrect reply from mechanical system.
8 ”Mechanical fault or elec- Abnormal frequency.
trical fault”
9 ”Communication error” Abnormal updating rate.
10 ”Mechanical fault or elec- Abnormally high variations.
trical fault”
11 ”Unknown fault” Unidentifiable fault.
12 ”Component failure” Defective unit or component.
13 ”Out of calibration” Calibration values outside limits.
14 ”Unknown fault” Special instructions.
15 ”Unknown fault” Reserved for future use.

7
Group 59 Malfunction

Test measurements
Measurement at control unit
Checking of measurements at the control unit is made
by connecting in adapter 9998543 together with mea-
surement box 9998699 with the control unit’s connector.
Voltage and resistance measurement can then be made
directly on the control unit’s pins.

Measuring voltage at control unit

• The measurement box should be connected to the

control unit with the connector connected up, see
figure 1.

• The starter switch should be in drive position (II).

Resistance measurement at control unit

• The measurement box should be connected at the

control unit with the connector disconnected.

• The measurement box is connected in towards the

component so that the resistance in the component
and current path can be measured, see figure 2.

• The starter switch should be in stop position (0). T5013222

Description of the five different methods of mea-

Control lists with reference values for all the measure- surement.
ments directly on the control unit’s pins are found
furthest back in the book, see “Check list control system,
compact retarder” page 25.

Measuring at component
Separate check of component and current path is made
by means of measurements from the component’s con-
nector. An appropriate adapter is connected in at the
connector, either towards the component or towards the
control unit.

Resistance measurement of component

• Adapter connected towards component, see figure

3.

• The starter switch should be in stop position (0).

Measuring voltage at component

• Adapter is connected both against the component

and against the control unit, see figure 4.

• The starter switch should be in starting position (II).

Measurement of current path

• Adapter is connected in towards the control unit,

see figure 5.

• The starter switch should be in stop position (0) dur-

ing resistance measurement.

8
Group 59
Explanation of fault code tables
For each fault code there are three tables given and an
illustration which partly gives general information on the
fault code and partly describes the appropriate measure-
ments which should be made in order to localise the
source of the fault.
First table, general information
Component Number of the component the
number: subsystem of which caused the
fault code.
Wiring diagram: Service handbook cover of rele-
vant wiring diagram for the
electrical system in the particular
model of bus.
Coordinates: Where the component can be
found in the particular wiring dia-
gram.
General Symptoms which appear with all
fault symptom: fault types (FMI) which can occur
for the fault code.
Appropriate test Test in VCADS Pro which can be
in VCADS Pro: used to investigate the compo-
nent’s function more closely.
Adapter at Instructions on which adapter
component: should be used with the compo-
nent’s connector when the
measurements are being carried
out.
Adapter at Instruction on which type of
control unit: adapter should be used with the
control unit’s connector when the
measurements are being carried
out.
Illuation: Schematic illustration of the com-
ponent’s subsystem. Particular
pins on the control unit and mea-
surement points at the component
are shown in the illustration.
Second table, fault type information
Type of fault: Indicates which different types of
fault (FMI) can occur for the partic-
ular fault code.
Symptom: Describes which fault symptoms
there are for the different types of
fault.
Possible rea- Gives possible faults which can be
son: the reason for the fault code for
the particular type of fault.
Malfunction
Third table, measurements
Measurement: Indicates which part the measure-
ment is intended to check.
Connector:
Control unit: Indicates whether the control unit’s
connector should be connected or
separated.
Component: State whether the component’s
connector should be connected or
separated.
Measurement Indicates whether the adapter
against: should be connected to the compo-
nent or to the control unit.
Key position: Shows whether the starter key
should be in stop position (0) or in
drive position (II).
Measurement Describes which pins the control
points: unit (outlet in the measurement
box) or measurement points at the
component the measurement
should be made on.
Nominal value: Gives with 20% accuracy the value
the measurements should give if
the part (component) the measure-
ment concerns is undamaged.
Here you can also read whether
the voltage or the resistance is to
be measured.
Miscellaneous: Special conditions or prerequisites
which apply in order that the mea-
surement shall be correct.
9
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PID 110 Coolant temperature

Component number: 756R
Wiring diagram: OG
Coordinates: 32
Display text: Coolant temperature
General fault symptom: Yellow lamp lights up
Appropriate test in 59222-2 Function re-
VCADS Pro: tarder, test
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin
Adapter at component: 9998534, 4-pin

T5013126

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 0 No retarder function Defective cooling of the retarder
Reduced brake power Much driving in hilly terrain
FMI 4 Reduced brake power Defective sensor
Signal lead short-circuited to earth
FMI 5 Reduced brake power Defective sensor
Break of signal or earth cable
Signal lead short-circuited to battery voltage
FMI 13 Defective control unit

Test measurements
Measure- Connector Measure Key Measure- Reference Mea- Miscella-
ment against posi- ment points value sure- neous
ECU Compo- tion ment
nent value
Subsys- Separated Connected Component 0 32 - 15 R ≈ R(T) R ≈ 1.1 k


tem See page 11 at 20 C
Subsys- Connected Connected II 32 - 15 U ≈ U(T) U ≈ 3.2 V

tem See page 11 at 20 C
Earth ca- Connected Separated ECU 0 1 - Earth R ≈ 0 -5

ble (ground)
Signal Connected Connected II 2 - Earth U ≈ 3 -5 V
lead (ground)
Compo- Separated Component 0 1-2 R ≈ R(T) R ≈ 1.1 k


nent See page 11 at 20 C

10
Group 59 Malfunction

Reference value for temperature sensor

The resistance and the voltage vary with the tempera-
ture of the coolant for the retarder. The diagram below
shows the reference value for different temperatures.

Resistance measuring

T5011449

Resistance (
) / temperature ( C)


Measuring voltage

T5011454

Voltage (V) / temperature ( C)

11
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PID 120 Oil temperature, retarder

Component number: 7060
Wiring diagram: OG
Display text: Oil temp. retarder
Coordinates: 28
General fault symptom: Yellow lamp lights up
Suitable test in VCADS 59222-2 Function re-
Pro: tarder, test
Adapter for control unit: 9998543, 55-pin
Adapter for component: 9998567, 7-pin

For general information and instructions concerning

T5013127
measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 0 No retarder function Defective cooling of the retarder
FMI 4 Defective sensor
Signal lead short-circuited to earth
FMI 5 Defective sensor
Break of signal or earth cable
Signal lead short-circuited to battery voltage
FMI 13 Defective control unit

Measure- Connector Measure Key Measure- Reference Mea- Miscella-

ment against posi- ment value sure- neous
ECU Component tion points ment
value
Subsystem Connected Connected II 13 - 15 U ≈ U(T) U≈3.2 V at

Please refer 20 C
to page 13
Subsystem Separated Connected Component 0 13 - 15 R ≈ R(T) R≈1.1 k


Please refer at 20 C
to page 13
Earth ca- Connected Separated ECU 0 7 - Earth R≈0

ble (ground)
Signal lead Connected Connected II 6 - Earth U ≈ 3 -5 V
(ground)
Compo- Separated Component 0 6-7 R ≈ R(T) R≈1.1 k


nent Please refer at 20 C
to page 13

12
Group 59 Malfunction

Reference value for temperature sensor

The resistance and the voltage vary with the oil tempera-
ture for the retarder. The diagram below shows the
reference value for different temperatures.

Resistance measuring

T5011449

Resistance (
) / temperature ( C)


Measuring voltage

T5011454

Voltage (V) / temperature ( C)

13
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PID 158 Battery voltage, ECU

Wiring diagram: OG
Display text: Battery voltage
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

T5013132

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 0 Yellow lamp lights up Faulty generator
It is possible that an abnormally high turnover Charging or assisted start with rapid charger
of lamps may occur carried out without the battery being discon-
nected
FMI 1 Yellow lamp lights up Bad battery
Break or voltage drop in voltage feed to the
control unit
Faulty generator

• With FMI 0 it is possible that other control units in

the vehicle also show faults in the battery voltage.
Therefore first read off the fault codes for the sec-
ond control unit.
If these also show faults in the battery voltage,
check the generator charge.

• If a rapid charger has been used on the vehicle,

delete the fault codes and test drive the vehicle.
Afterwards, read the fault codes again.

Test measurements
Measure- Connector Measure Key posi- Measure- Refer- Measure- Miscella-
ment against tion ment points ence ment neous
ECU Compo- value value
nent
Supply Connected Connected II 1 - 55 U ≈ Ubat
lead

14
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PPID 30 Power PWM valve, retarder

Component number: 9054, pin 40 and 41
Coordinate: 18
Display text: Current retarder
Appropriate inspec- Check list, see “Check list
tion: control system, compact re-
tarder” page 25
Adapter at control 9998543, 55-pin
unit:

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 13 Yellow lamp lights up Defective control unit

• If a fault in the compact retarder’s control unit is

suspected, measurements against the cable har-
ness should always be carried out before the control
unit is removed.

• If measurements of the cable harness indicate a

fault there is a great probability that the control unit
is fault free.

• In order to detect faults in the cable harness make

measurements in accordance with “Check list con-
trol system, compact retarder” page 25.

15
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PPID 31 Air pressure, retarder

Component number: 754
Wiring diagram: OG
Coordinates: 23
Display text: Air pressure retarder
Suitable test in VCADS 59222-2 Function re-
Pro: tarder, test
General fault symptom: Yellow lamp lights up
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin
Adapter at component: 9998567, 7-pin

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.
T5013128

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 0 Brake power too high or brakes constant Air pressure too high
Defective PWM valve
FMI 3 Signal wire short-circuited to voltage
Supply wire short-circuited to battery voltage
Defective sensor
FMI 5 Break in sensor circuit
Sensor circuit short-circuited to earth

Measure- Connector Measure Key Measurement Reference Mea- Mis-

ment against posi- points value sure- cella-
ECU Component tion ment neous
value
Subsystem Separated Connected Compo- 0 15 - Earth Break
nent (ground)
Subsystem Connected Connected II 15 - 37 U ≈ 0.5 V Please
at 0 bar refer to
page
17
Earth cable Connected Separated ECU 0 7 - Earth R ≈ 0 -5

(ground)
(adapter)
Supply lead Connected Separated ECU II 3-4 U ≈ 5 ± 0.25 V
(adapter)

16
Group 59 Malfunction

Reference value for the pressure sensor

The voltage varies with the air pressure in the retarder.
The diagram below shows the reference values for differ-
ent pressures.

Measuring voltage

T5011455

17
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PPID 54 ECU +5V outlet

Component number: 9054 (Pin 34), 754
Wiring diagram: OG
Coordinates: 23
Display text: ECU 5V outlet
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 0 Yellow lamp lights up Short-circuit to higher voltage
FMI 1 Yellow lamp lights up Short-circuit to earth

• If a fault in the compact retarder’s control unit is

suspected, measurements against the cable har-
ness should always be carried out before the control
unit is removed.

• If measurements against the cable harness indicate

a fault it is most probable that the control unit is fault
free.

• To detect a fault in the cable harness make mea-

surements in accordance with “Check list control
system, compact retarder” page 25.

Test measurements
Mea- Connector Mea- Key po- Measurement Reference value Measure- Mis-
sure- sure sition points ment cella-
ment ECU Component against value neous
Connected Connected II 34 - Earth U ≈ 5.0 ± 0.25 V
(ground)

18
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PPID 55 ECU temperature

Component: Internal temperature monitor-
ing in the control unit
Display text: ECU temperature

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:


FMI 0 Yellow lamp lights up The control unit’s temperature is over 125 C
Too hot in the ambient around the control unit

19
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 SID 2 PWM valve, retarder

Component number: 6.018A
Wiring diagram: OG
Coordinates: 19
Display text: PWM retarder
Suitable test in VCADS 59222-2 Function re-
Pro: tarder, test
General fault symptom: Yellow lamp lights up
No retarder function
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin
Adapter at component: 9998567, 7-pin
T5013129

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 3 As regards short-circuit in the control wire + Short-circuit to battery voltage in the PWM
side, the valve works in pulses valve circuit
A ”ticking sound” is heard Defective PWM valve
FMI 4 Short-circuit through PWM valve
Defective PWM valve
Short-circuit in the cable harness, pins 40/41
to 46
FMI 5 Break in the PWM valve circuit
FMI 6 PWM valve short-circuited to earth
Defective PWM valve

Test measurements
Measure- Connector Measure Key Measure- Reference Mea- Miscella-
ment against posi- ment points value sure- neous
ECU Component tion ment
value
Subsystem Separated Connected Compo- 0 41 - 46 R ≈ 20 ± 6

At 20 C
nent
Subsystem Connected Connected II 40 - 46 U ≈ 0 -6 V NOTE1
Subsystem Connected Connected II 41 - 46 U ≈ 0 -6 V NOTE1
Control wire Connected Connected II 1 - Earth U ≈ 0 -6 V NOTE1
(ground) PWM sig-
(adapter) nal
Component Separated Compo- 0 1-2 R ≈ 20 ± 6

At 20 C
nent (adapter)
Component Separated Compo- 0 1 - Earth Break
nent (ground)
(adapter)

1
Retarder NOT activated.

20
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link

Component: Control link SAE J1939
Display text: SAE J1939 control link
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

T5013130

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 2 Yellow lamp lights up Bad contact
Fault in the cable harness
FMI 12 Yellow lamp lights up Bad contact
Fault in cable harness

Measure- Connector Mea- Key Measurement Reference value Mea- Miscel-

ment sure posi- points sure- laneous
ECU Compo- against tion ment
nent value
Subsystem Connected II 50 - Earth U ≈ 2-5 V DC
(ground)
Subsystem Connected II 51 - Earth U ≈ 0-3 V DC
(ground)
Subsystem Connected II 50 - 51 U ≈ 0-1 V DC
Subsystem Connected 0 50 - 51 R ≈ 50 -70

Subsystem Connected 0 50 - 51 R ≈ 100 -140

1
1
Disconnected engine control unit or terminal resistance.

Comments
The cable harness is probably fault free from the control
unit’s connector to the engine control unit and terminal
resistance, when resistance R ≈ 60
.

If the resistance is R ≈ 120

from the connector, the
measurement is only made against the engine control
unit or terminal resistance.

21
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 SID 240 Program memory

Component number: 9057
Wiring diagram: OG
Display text: Program memory
Suitable action: Reprogram the control
unit

T2012704

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 2 Red lamp lights up Fault in the software

MID 222 SID 250 J1708 Information link

Component: SAE J1587/J1708
information link
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin
Display text: SAE J1587/J1708
information link

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

T5013131

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 2 Yellow lamp lights up Bad contact
Fault in the cable harness
FMI 4 Yellow lamp lights up Short-circuit to earth

Measure- Connector Measure Key Measure- Reference value Mea- Miscel-

ment against posi- ment points sure- laneous
ECU Compo- tion ment
nent value
Connected II 52 - Earth U ≈ 0-5 V DC1 NOTE2
(ground) Umax ≈ 5 V DC
Umin ≈ 0 V DC
Subsystem Connected II 53 - Earth U ≈ 0-2.5 V DC1 NOTE2
(ground)
Subsystem Connected II 52 - 53 U ≈ 1-3 V DC NOTE2

1
The voltage should vary within the interval.
2
MIN-MAX function connected to multimeter.

22
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 SID 253 Calibration memory

Component number: 9057
Wiring diagram: OG
Display text: EEPROM
Suitable action: Reprogram the control
unit

T2012704

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 2 Red lamp lights up Unsuccessful programming of the calibration
memory

23
Group 59 Malfunction

MID 222 PSID 1 Relay, power supply

Component number: 398
Wiring diagram: OG
Coordinates: 7 - 13
Display text: Relay, supply
Adapter at control unit: 9998543, 55-pin

For general information and instructions concerning

measurements see “Test measurements” page 8 and
“Explanation of fault code tables” page 9.

T5013132

Type of fault: Symptom: Possible reason:

FMI 3 Yellow lamp lights up Control wire short-circuited to voltage
FMI 6 Yellow lamp lights up Control wire short-circuited to earth

Test measurements
Measure- Connector Measure Key Measure- Reference Mea- Mis-
ment against posi- ment value sure- cella-
ECU Component tion points ment neous
value
R ≈ 200 -300

1
Subsystem Separated Connected Component 0 2-1
20 - 1
1
Subsystem Connected Connected II 2-1 U ≈ Ubat
20 - 1
Supply wire Connected Connected II 55 - Earth U ≈ Ubat
(ground)

1
Pins 2 and 20 are connected in parallel

24
Group 59 Malfunction

Check list control system, compact retarder

The following tables show the reference value for mea-
suring voltage with respect to resistance measurement
directly at the control unit’s connector. When making
measurements adapter 9998543 is used together with
measurement box 9998699.
Voltage measurement should be made with the mea-
surement box connected between the control unit and
the cable harness, with the control unit connector con-
nected up and the starter switch in drive position (II).
Resistance measurement is made with the measurement
box connected to the control unit with the connector dis-
connected. The measurement is thus made against the
components through the cables. The starter switch
should be in stop position (0).

Measuring voltage
Pin no. Signal type Outlet Reference Measured Miscellaneous
in measure- value value
ment box
1
2 Relay voltage supply 2-1 U ≈ Ubat

13 Signal oil temperature retarder 13 - 15 U ≈ 3.2 V At 20 C
Please refer to
page 13
1
20 Relay voltage supply 20 - 1 U ≈ Ubat

32 Signal, coolant temperature 32 - 15 U ≈ 3.2 V At 20 C
Please refer to
page 11
34 Supply (+5V), air pressure retarder 34 - 15 U≈5V
37 Signal, air pressure retarder 37 - 15 U ≈ 0.5 V Please refer to
page 17
2
40 Control, PWM valve retarder 40 - 46 U ≈ 0 -6 V
2
41 Control, PWM valve retarder 41 - 46 U ≈ 0 -6 V
3
50 Control link SAE J1939 A 50 - 1 U ≈ 2 -5 V
3
51 Control link SAE J1939 B 51 - 1 U ≈ 0 -3 V
52 Information link SAE J1587/J1708 52 - 53 U ≈ 2 -5 V Pulse signal
55 Battery + 55 - 1 U ≈ Ubat

1
Connectors 2 and 20 are connected in parallel.
2
Retarder NOT activated. Connectors 40 and 41 are connected in parallel.
3
With the other control units and with terminal resistance connected.

25
Group 59 Malfunction

Resistance measuring
Pin no. Signal type Test outlet in test Reference Miscella-
box value neous
1 ECU frame 1 - Earth (ground) R ≈ 0 -5

1
2 Relay voltage supply 2-1 R ≈ 200 -300
R ≈ 1.1 k


13 Signal, oil temperature retarder 13 - 15 At 20 C
Please refer
to page 13
15 Earth sensor 15 - Earth (ground) Break

1
20 Relay voltage supply 20 - 1 R ≈ 200 -300
R ≈ 1.1 k


32 Signal, coolant temperature 32 - 15 At 20 C
Please refer
to page 11
41 Control, PWM valve retarder 41 - 46 R ≈ 20 ± 6

50 Control link SAE J1939 A 50 - 51 R ≈ 60

1
Connectors 2 and 20 are connected in parallel

26
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Volvo Bus Corporation ..........................................................................

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Sweden ..........................................................................

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Concerns Service Manual: ...............................................................................................................................
 Volvo Bus Corporation
Göteborg, Sweden

TSP162353 English .11.01