Mathematics in the Modern World

Exam
Name: Date:
Student Number: Year and Section:
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I. Write T if the statement is always true. Otherwise, write F on the space provided. If the statement is
false, give a counterexample or write the reason why it is false. (2pts each)
__T_1. Mathematics is exact, precise, systematic, and a logical subject.

__F_2. Let 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, then (𝑥 + 1)3 > 𝑥 + 1.

__F_3. Having a symmetry in an object does not mean it has pattern.
__T_4. Axiom and theorem are true statements.
__F_5. The set of five vowels is a subset of the set of consonants.
__F_6. The set of consonants have the same cardinality to the set of English alphabets.
𝑥 2 −1
__F_7. Let 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, then 𝑥−1
≥ 𝑥 + 1.

__T_8. Let 𝑥 > 0, then 𝑥 2 ≥ 𝑥.

__T_9. An empty set is a subset of itself.
__F_10. If the sets A and B have the same number of elements, then A and B are Equal.

II. (1pt each) Let 2022-ABCDE-mn-0 be your student number. Use your student’s number to answer the
following. Whenever you see a bold-upper case A, B, C, D, or E, substitute the number that corresponds
to it from your student’s number. (1 pt each)
A. Student number: _____________.
Consider the following sets:
Let 𝑈 = {1,2,3,4, … } = ℕ(natural number) be the universal set.
𝑋 = {𝑥|𝑨 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑨 + 𝑩 + 𝑪} = {𝑥|𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑨 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑨 + 𝑩 + 𝑪 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦}
𝑌 = {𝑥|0 < 𝑥 < 5 + (𝑪)(𝑫)}={𝑥|𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝟎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝟓 + 𝑪𝑫 𝑒𝑥𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦}
𝑍 = {𝑥|3 < 𝑥 < 7} = {𝑥|𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 7 𝑒𝑥𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦}
a. Write the sets 𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑍 in their listing method.
b. 𝑌 − 𝑍 =
c. (𝑋 ∩ 𝑌) ∩ 𝑈 =
d. (𝑋 ∪ 𝑌) ∩ 𝑍=
e. [(𝑋 ∪ 𝑌) ∩ 𝑍] − 𝑌 =
B. Determined the truth value of the following. Student number: ________________
___ a. 𝑝: 𝑥 + 𝑩 > 𝑥 + 𝑫 for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
___ b. 𝑞: If today is Monday, then tomorrow is Thursday.
(𝑨)(𝑩)(𝑪)(𝑫)(𝑬) 𝑨+𝑩+𝑪+𝑫+𝑬
___ c. 𝑟: ≤ for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
𝑥 𝒙𝟐

___ d. 𝑠: If 𝑨 + 𝑩 + 𝑪 + 𝑫 + 𝑬 = 0, then earth is flat.

___ e. 𝑡: Manila is the capital of the Philippines if and only if Manila is not the capital of the Philippines.
For f-j, use the truth value of the above propositions.
___ f. 𝑝 ∨ (𝑞 ∧ 𝑟).
___ g. ~(𝑟 ∧ 𝑡).
___ h. 𝑝 ∨ (𝑞 ∧ 𝑟) → (~𝑡).
___ i. (𝑟 → 𝑠) ↔ (~𝑞 ∨ 𝑠).
___ j. ~(~(~(~𝑝).

III. Answer the following. (5 pts each)

A. Show your complete solutions.
1. A survey of 90 customers were taken at Barnes & Noble regarding the types of books purchased. The
survey found that 44 purchased mysteries, 33 purchased science fiction, 29 purchased romance novels, 13
purchased mysteries and science fiction, 5 purchased science fiction and romance novels, 11 purchased
mysteries and romance novels, and 2 purchased all three types of books (mysteries, science fiction,
romance novels). How many of the customers surveyed purchased (a) mysteries only? (b) mysteries and
science fiction, but not romance novels. (c) mysteries or science fiction?
2. Select any two-digit number. Multiply it by 9. Then add the digits. Keep adding the digits in the answer
until you get a single-digit answer. Using inductive reasoning, what can you conjecture about any whole
number multiplied by 9? Use deductive reasoning to prove that your conjecture is true.

B. Construct the statement form of the following propositions and determine its truth value.
Let 𝑥: The square of 5 is 20.
𝑦: The golden ratio is rational.
𝑧: The sum of two real numbers is also real number.
1. (𝑥 → 𝑦) ↔ (~𝑧 ∨ 𝑥)
2. (𝑥 → 𝑦) ↔ (~𝑥 ∨ 𝑦)