Module-2

DETAILED ESTIMATE

SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALL

METHOD

CENTER LINE METHOD

 SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD

• The walls running in one direction are termed as "long

walls” and the walls running in the transverse
direction, as "Short waLls", without keeping in mind
which wall is lesser in length and which wall is greater
in length.

• Lengths of long walls are measured or found "Out-to

out" and those of short walls as "In-to-in".

• Different quantities are calculated by multiplying the

length by the breadth and the height of the wall.
• The same rule applies to the excavation in foundation,
to concrete bed in foundation, D.P.C., masonry in
foundation and super structure etc.
• Long wall length out-to-out

= Center to center length + half breadth on

one Side + half breadth on other side.

= Center to center length + one breadth

• Short wall length in-to-in = Center to Center

length - one breadth.
 CENTRE LINE METHOD

• In this method, total length of centre lines of walls, long

and short, has to be found out.

• Find the total length of centre lines of walls of same type,

having same type of foundations and footings and then find
the quantities by multiplying the total centre length by the
respective breadth and the height.

• In this method, the length will remain the same for

excavation in foundations, for concrete in foundations, for
all footings, and for superstructure (with slight difference
when there are cross walls or number of junctions).

• This method is quicker but requires special attention and

considerations at the junctions, meeting points of partition
or cross walls.
• In the figure, the double cross-hatched areas
marked P,Q,R, & S come twice, while blank
areas, A,B,C, & D do not come at all, but these
portions being equal in magnitude, we get the
correct quantity.

• So, At corners of the building where two walls

are meeting, no subtraction or addition is
required.
 CENTRE LINE METHOD…

• For buildings having cross or partition walls, for

every junction, half breadth of the respective
item or footing is to be deducted from the total
centre length.

• Thus in the case of a building with one partition

wall or cross wall having two junctions, deduct
one breadth of the respective item of work from
the total centre length.
• Length = c/c length - No of junctions x ½ width
 Estimation
• Single room
• c/c length of 23 cm wall = (5.23+3.23) x2 =
16.92m
 Using Centre Line approach
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty Unit Notes

1 EWE

EWE 1 16.92 1 0.7 11.844

Total 11.84 m3
2 PCC 1:4:8

1 16.92 1 0.1 1.69

Total 1.69 m3

3 RRM using cm 1:6

Ist step 1 16.92 0.8 0.6 8.12

IInd step 1 16.92 0.45 0.45 3.42

Total 11.54 m3
 Using Centre Line approach
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty Unit Notes
4 Brick wall
Brickwall 1 16.92 0.23 3.0 11.67
Parapet wall 1 16.92 .23 0.6 2.33
Deductions
Lintel Band
throughout -1 16.92 .23 .15 -0.58
Door -1 1.2 0.23 2.1 -0.58
WINDOW -1 1.0 .23 1.5 -0.345
12.50 m3
5 RCC
Lintel 1 16.92 0.23 0.15 0.58
0.062 L = (5.46+ 0.6
Sunshade slab 1 20.24 0.6 5 0.759 +3.46 +0.6)*2
Slab 1 5.76 3.76 0.12 2.59
m3
3.929
 Using Long wall & Short wall approach
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty Unit Notes
1 EWE
Long wall 2 6.23 1 0.7 8.72 L = 5.23 + 1
Short wall 2 2.23 1 0.7 3.12 L = 3.23 - 1
Total 11.84 m3
2 PCC 1:4:8
Long wall 2 6.23 1 0.1 1.25 L = 5.23 + 1
Short wall 2 2.23 1 0.1 0.45 L = 3.23 - 1
Total 1.7 m3
3 RRM using cm 1:6
Ist step
Long wall 2 6.03 0.8 0.6 5.78 L = 5.23 + 0.8
Short wall 2 2.43 0.8 0.6 2.33 L = 3.23 – 0.8
IInd step
Long wall 2 5.68 0.45 0.45 2.30 L = 5.23 + 0.45
Short wall 2 2.78 0.45 0.45 1.13 L = 3.23 – 0.45
Total 11.54 m3
 Using Long wall & Short wall approach
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty Unit Notes
Including
4 Brick wall parapet ht
Long wall 2 5.46 0.23 3.6 9.04 L = 5.23 + 0.23
Short wall 2 3 0.23 3.6 4.96 L = 3.23 – 0.23
Deductions
Lintel Band
throughout -1 16.92 .23 .15 -0.58
Door -1 1.2 0.23 2.1 -0.58
WINDOW -1 1.0 .23 1.5 -0.345
Total 12.50 m3
 Room 1+ Room2
• Two rooms
• c/c length of 23 cm wall = (5.23+ 4.23) x2 +
3.23 x3 = 28.61 m
• Number of T – Junctions = 2
• Refer Excel sheet
• C/c distance of 30 cm wall- (8.5+8)*2=33 m
• C/c distance of 20 cm wall- 8.8+8+3.55=20.35 m
• C/c of verandah portion- 2.75+4.95 =7.7 m
• C/c of rear verandah portion- 1.4 m
Sl Uni
No Item No L B D Qty t Notes
1EWE
30 cm wall region 1 26.6 0.9 0.9 21.546 L=33-7.3+0.45*2
Pillar 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.331
20 cm wall region - L=20.25-5*0.9/2-
inside 1 17.625 0.75 0.9 11.897 0.75/2
Verandah walls 1 5.29 0.45 0.45 1.071 L=7.3-0.9-1.11
Total 35.845m3
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty UnitNotes
1EWE
Actual
L=33-7.7-
30 cm wall region 1 25.7 0.9 0.9 20.817 1.4+0.45*4

Pillar 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.331

20 cm wall region - L=20.35-5*0.9/2-
inside 1 17.725 0.75 0.9 11.964 0.75/2
Verandah walls-
Front 1 5.7 0.45 0.45 1.154 L=7.7-0.9-1.1
Verandah walls-
Back 1 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.101 L=1.4-0.45*2
Total 35.367m3
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty UnitNotes
2EWE in Plinth filling
Room 2 3.3 5 0.375 12.375
Kitchen 1 3.3 2.5 0.375 3.094
4.7 Or
Verandah- Front 1 5 2.5 0.375 4.688
Verandah- Passage 1 1.2 5.3 0.375 2.34
Total 22.497m3
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty UnitNotes
3Foundation Concrete
L=33-7.7-
30 cm wall region 1 25.7 0.9 0.3 6.939 1.4+0.45*4
Pillar 1 1.1 1.1 0.3 0.363
20 cm wall region - L=20.35-5*0.9/2-
inside 1 17.725 0.75 0.3 3.988 0.75/2
Verandah walls- Front 1 5.7 0.45 0.15 0.385 L=7.7-0.9-1.1
Verandah walls- Back 1 0.5 0.45 0.15 0.034 L=1.4-0.45*2
Total 11.709m3
Sl
No Item No L B D Qty UnitNotes
5DPC
L=33-7.7-
30 cm wall region 1 24.5 0.3 7.35 1.4+0.15*4
Pillar 1 0.3 0.3 0.09
20 cm wall region - L=20.35-5*0.3/2-
inside 1 19.5 0.2 3.9 0.2/2
Verandah walls- Front 1 7.1 0.2 1.42 L=7.7-0.3-0.3
Verandah walls- Back 1 1.1 0.2 0.22 L=1.4-0.15*2
Deduct
Door sills- D -2 1.2 0.2 -0.48
Door sills- D1 -1 1 0.2 -0.2
Total 12.3m2
• Determine- EWE, PCC in foundation, RRM in
basement & foundation, Brickwork, DPC,
RCC, Reinforcement, Plastering

• Mean length of one side- 3.23 m

• Total mean length- 19.38 m

• One side
– Outer length of wall- 3.46 m
– Outer length of plinth wall- 3.52 m
– Outer length of sunshade/slab- 3.98 m
Sl No Item Qty Unit

1 EWE 17.44 m3

2 PCC 5.23 m3

3 Brickwork 13.76 m3

4 DPC 9.1 m2

5 Brickwork 22.5 m3

6 RCC 4.99 m3

7 Plastering 139.67 m2
 Bar Bending Schedule
• Bar bending schedule describes the length
and number, position and the shape of the
bar

Weight
Type of bar Length in per unit Weight
Sl.No. Shape No.
and mark m length in Kg
in Kg
• Anchorage in steel bars is normally provided
in the form of bends and hooks
• Anchorage value of bend of bar is taken as 4
times the diameter of bar for every 450 bend
subjected to maximum of 16 times the
diameter of bar.
• Binders, Stirrups, Links -stirrups, links, etc, the
straight portion beyond end of the curve at the
end shall be not less than eight times the nominal
size of the bar.

• H = Hook allowance taken as 9d, 11d , 13d and

17d for k values 2, 3, 4 and 6 respectively and
rounded off to the nearest 5 mm, but not less
than 75 mm.
• B= Bend allowance taken as 5d, 5.5d, 6d and 7d
for k values 2, 3, 4 and 6 respectively and
rounded off to the nearest 5 mm, but not less
than 75 mm.
• Standard hook - 4D +4D
• Length of one hook – 9Dia
• Total length of straight bar hooked at both ends – L+18Dia

• For bent up bar (450)

• Additional length of one bent up = difference in length of
hypotenuse and base
• = d/sin45 = 0.42 d
• d- vertical distance between bars
• Total length – L+ 2x0.42 d + 18 Dia
• L+ (0.9 d)+ 18 Dia
Sl No L B H Qty Notes
No Item

1 RCC work 1:2:4 excluding steel but 1 6.3 3.3 0.12 2.495
including centering shuttering m3

2 Steel Bars including bending

(Mild steel work)

a. Main Bars 27 3.44 Side cover-4cm

12 mm dia @0.89 kg/m L=3.3 -2side
Straight bars - @ 24 cm c/c cover+ 2 hooks
No= (6.3-0.08)/0.24 +1 =27 L= 3.3-
0.08+18x0.012

Bent up bars @ 24 cm c/c 26 3.52 Add one depth for

No= (6.3-0.08)/0.24 =26 two bent up bars
3.44+0.08
Total - 12 mm dia @0.89 kg/m 184.4 0.89 164.12
kg
Sl No L B H Qty Notes
No Item

b Distribution Bars
6 mm dia @0.22 kg/m

Bottom bars – central portion- 12 6.33 L= 6.3-

@18cm c/c 0.08+18x0.006
No= 2/0.18 +1 = 12
Bottom bars – 2sides 2x3 6.33
Top bars – 2sides 2x3 6.33

Total - 6 mm dia @0.22 kg/m 151.92 0.22 33.42

Total Steel work 1.975

Quint
al
 Abstract of Estimate
No Item Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount

1 RCC work 1:2:4 2.495 M3 8000 M3 19960

excluding steel but
including centering
shuttering

2 Steel Bars 1.975 Quintal 5500 quintal 10862

including bending
(Mild steel work)

Total 30822
3% contingencies 925

2% work charge 616

establishment
Grand Total 32363
 Schedule of Bars
No Description of bars Shape of Length of No Total Weight
bending each Length Kg
dimensions M m
1 Main Straight bars 3.44 27 92.88
12 mm dia

Main bent up bars 3.52 26 91.52

12 mm dia

184.4 164.12
2 Bottom distribution 6.33 18 113.94
bars – 6 mm dia
3 Top distribution bars 6.33 6 37.98
– 6 mm dia
151.92 33.42
Sl No L B H Qty Notes
No Item
1 RCC work 1:2:4 excluding steel but 1 8.6 0.4 0.75 2.58
including centering shuttering m3
2 Steel Bars including bending
(Mild steel work)
a. Main Bars 4 8.92 2.98 106.33 L=8.6 -2side
22 mm dia straight bars @2.98 kg cover+ 2 hooks
kg/m L= 3.3-
0.08+18x0.022
20 mm dia Bent up bars @2.47kg/m 4 9.48 2.47 93.66 L=8.6 -2side
kg cover+ 2 hooks + 1
depth
12 mm dia top bars @ 0.89kg/m 2 8.74 0.89 15.56 L=8.6 -2side
cover+ 2 hooks
Stirrups – 10 mm dia @0.62 kg/m 5x 2.24 L=65x2+32x2
Towards end 12 cm c/c 2 +30cm extra
next 20 cm c/c 4x 2.24
2
18 2.24 0.62 25 kg
Sl No L B H Qty Notes
No Item
Stirrups – 6mm dia @0.22 kg/m 14 2.24 0.22 6.90 kg L=65x2+32x2
At center length of 5.2 m at 35 cm +30cm extra
c/c
 Abstract of Estimate
No Item Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount

1 RCC work 1:2:4 2.58 M3 8000 M3

excluding steel but
including centering
shuttering

2 Steel Bars 2.47 Quintal 5500 quintal

including bending
(Mild steel work)

Total
3% contingencies

2% work charge
establishment
Grand Total
 Schedule of Bars
N Description of bars Shape of Length of No Total Weight
o bending each Length Kg
dimensions M m
1 Main Straight bars 22 8.92 4 35.68 106.33
mm dia

Main Bent up bars 9.48 2 18.96 46.83

20 mm dia

Main bent up bars 22 9.48 2 18.96 46.83

mm dia
• Sizes and capacity of septic tank for different
users

No of Length Breadth Liquid Liquid Liquid

users L,m B, m depth capacity capacity
D,m L.B.D, per user
cum cum
20 2.5 0.75 1.0 1.88 0.09
30 2.8 0.75 1.20 2.50 0.084
50 3.7 0.9 1.20 4.00 0.08
100 4.3 1.2 1.40 7.22 0.072
• DESIGN OF SEPTIC TANK FOR 25 USERS
• Liquid capacity of tank @ 0.1 cu m per user (100 litres per
user)
– = 0.1 x 25 = 2.50 cu m.
• Taking liquid depth as 1.40 metre the floor area of tank
• = 2.5/1.4 = 1.80 sq m.
• Taking length as 2.25 times the breadth, L x B = 1.80 sq m,
• therefore breadth B = = 0.9 m.
• Therefore the length of tank = 2.25 x 0.9 = 2.02 = 2.00 m.
• Taking a free board of 30 cm total depth of the tank
• = 1.40 + .30 = 1.70 m.
• Thus a tank of 2.00 metres long x 0.9 metre wide and 1.70
metre deep (inside dimensions will serve the purpose).
• Prepare a detailed estimate of a Septic tank with Soak-
pit for 25 users
– Septic tank shall be of first class brickwork in 1:4 cement
mortar the foundation and floor shall be of 1:3:6 cement
concrete.
– Inside of septic tank shall be finished with 12 mm cement
plaster and floor shall be finished with 20 mm cement
plaster with 1:3 mortar mixed with standard water
proofing compound.
– Upper and lower portion of soak-pit shall be of second
class brickwork in 1:6 cement mortar and middle portion
shall be of dry brickwork.
– Roof covering slabs and baffle wall shall be of precast
R.C.C.
– The length of the connecting pipe from latrine seat may be
taken as 3 metres. Assume suitable rates.
Item No L B D Qty Uni remarks
t
Earthwork in excavation
Septic tank 1 2.8 1.7 1.95 9.28 m3 H= 1.95 m=
1.4+0.3+.2+.05
Soakpit
upto 3 m depth 1 /4 X 22 - 3 9.42
Lower portion 1 /4 X 1.42 - 0.2 0.3

Total 19.0 m3
Cement concrete 1:3:6
in foundation 1 2.8 1.7 0.2 0.95
In sloping floor 1 2.0 0.9 0.05 0.09 Average H-
(10+0)/2
Total 1.04 m3
Item No L B D Qty Uni remarks
t
First class brickwork in 1:4
cement mortar in Septic
tank
1st step - Long walls 2 2.6 0.3 0.6 0.94
2nd step - Long walls 2 2.4 0.2 1.15 1.1
1st step -Short walls 2 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.32
2nd step -Short walls 2 0.9 0.2 1.15 0.42
Total 2.78 m3
2nd class brickwork in
1:6 cement mortar in
Soak pit
Upper portion 1  X 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.38 Mean circumfernce
Lower portion 1  X 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.15
Total 0.53 m3
Item No L B D Qty Unit remarks

2nd class dry brickwork in 1  X 1.2 0.2 2.5 1.88 m3

soak pit
Precast R.C.C. work
including steel
reinforcement finished
complete
Roof cover slab of septic tank 1 2.4 1.3 0.075 0.234
Baffle wall in septic tank 1 1.0 0.04 0.45 0.018
Roof cover slab of soak pit 1 /4 X 1.42 - 0.075 0.115
Total 0.367 m3
12 mm cement plaster 1:3
with standard water
proofing compound in
septic tank
Long walls 2 2.0 1.7 6.8
Short walls 2 0.9 1.7 3.06 Inner face
Total 9.86 m2
Item N L B D Qty Unit remarks
o
20 mm cement plaster 1:3 1 2 0.9 1.8 m2
with water proofing
compound in floor of septic
tank
50 mm brick aggregate in
soakpit
Outside 1  X 1.55 0.15 1.84 0.38
Bottom of soak pit 1 /4 X 1.012 - 0.2 0.16
Total 2.78 m3
Course sand outer side of 1  X 1.85 0.15 2.5 2.18 M3
soakpit
Iron foot steps of 16 mm 4 4 nos
diameter
Item N L B D Qty Unit remarks
o
100 mm dia SW pipe laying
and jointing with 1:3 cement
mortar
Inlet end from latrine to 1 3.0 3
septic tank
Outlet end from septic tank 1 3.3 3.3
to soak pit
Total 6.3 m
SW tee 1 1
SW bend 1 1
50 mm dia CI ventilating pipe 1 2.0 2.0 m
50 mm dia CI vent cowl 1 1