LESSON 1: ENVIRONMENTALLY CRITICAL PROJECT & AREAS ENVIRONMENTAL CRITICAL AREAS (existing/natural)

a.) All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed

reserves, wildlife preserves and sanctuaries.
PROCLAMATION NO. 2146, s. 1981
b.) Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots.
o Signed on December 14,1981 c.) Areas which constitute the habitat for any endangered or
threatened species of indigenous Philippine Wildlife (flora and
fauna).
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITICAL PROJECTS (man-made) d.) Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests.
e.) Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities
➢ HEAVY INDUSTRIES
or tribes.
o Non – ferrous metal industries
f.) Areas frequently visited and / or hard – hit by natural calamities
o Iron and steel mills
(geological hazards, floods, typhoons, volcanic activity, etc.)
o Petroleum and petro – chemical industries including oil
g.) Areas with critical slopes
and gas
o Smelting gas h.) Areas classified as prime agricultural lands.
i.) Recharged areas of aquifers.
➢ INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS j.) Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the
o Major dams following conditions:
o Major power plants (fossil – fueled, nuclear fueled, o Tapped for domestic purposes.
hydroelectric, or geothermal) o Within the controlled and / or protected areas declared
o Major reclamation projects by appropriate authorities.
o Major roads and bridges o Which support wildlife and fishery activities.
k.) Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the
➢ RESOURCE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES following conditions:
o Major mining quarrying projects o With primary pristine and dense young growth.
o Forestry projects o Adjoining mouth of major river systems.
▪ Logging o Near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing
▪ Major wood processing projects grounds.
▪ Introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public / o Which act as natural buffers against shore erosion,
private forests strong winds, and storm floods.
▪ Forest occupancy o On which people are dependent for their livelihood.
▪ Extraction of mangrove products l.) Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the
▪ Grazing following conditions:
o Fishery Projects o With 50% and above live coralline cover.
▪ Dikes for / and fishpond development projects o Spawning and nursery grounds for fish.
o Which act as natural breakwater of coastlines.

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LESSON 2: PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT
➢ CONSERVATION AND PRESERVATION
o Conservation is generally associated with the
protection of natural resources, while preservation is
associated with the protection of buildings, objects, and
landscapes. Put simply conservation seeks the proper
use of nature, while preservation seeks protection of
nature from use.
➢ CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT
o Is a procedure for maintaining a species or habitat in a
particular state.
o It is a means whereby humankind secures wildlife in a
favorable condition for contemplation, education, or
research, in perpetuity.
➢ CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PARAMETER
o Conservation management parameters will drive the
condition of coastal ecosystems into the future.
o The CMPs are as follows:
▪ Conservation Values: stakeholder involvement
and public opinion determine the formulation,
implementation, and funding of natural resource
conservation.
▪ Laws and Biosecurity: national, state, country,
and city regulations are the means by which
natural resource conservation and biosecurity
are implemented. (e.g., hunting regulations,
Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act, local
laws, etc.)
▪ Development or Conservation Planning:
planning for development, protection, or both will
result in losses or gains in natural resource
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conservation or biosecurity and implementation
of these plans are key.
➢ CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL PHILIPPINES
o Conservation International Philippines has worked with
the government and local communities to value and
protect healthy ecosystems since 1995. Through
science, policy, and fieldwork, they aim to protect
nature, and provide innovative solutions to key
environment issues – such as the loss of mangroves,
deforestation, climate change, unsustainable fishing
and the illegal wildlife trade.
➢ PRESERVATION MANAGEMENT
o The Historic Preservation Division (HPD) is the authority
on historic preservation program of the NHCP.
o It undertakes projects and activities geared towards
collaboration, coordination and / or partnership with
other government agencies and offices and the private
sector in the field of historic preservation.
➢ HISTORIC PRESERVATION DIVISION (HPD)
o GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
▪ Aims to promote Filipino heritage through the
preservation, protection, and development of
historic sites and structures and the conservation
of material objects.
▪ Shall promote awareness and appreciation of
historic sites and structures through
conservation, technical assistance, and
information – education – communication (IEC)
programs along guidelines set by internationally
accepted conservation standards and principles
and local and international agreements.
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 ▪ Shall also keep itself abreast and updated with
the latest on scientific and information
technologies in relation to the field of historic
conservation.
o FUNCTIONS
▪ Undertakes the conservation, preservation,
restoration, and development of the historic sites
and structures declared as national shrines,
monuments, and landmarks, including other
historic edifices and ancestral houses registered
in the National Registry of Historic Structures in
the Philippines.
▪ Undertakes physical restoration and
preservation treatment of historical (material)
objects using specialized skills of examination
and material analyses, and the application of
scientific methods of treatment and research.
▪ Surveys, inventories, identifies, classifies, and
registers historic sites and structures, and
maintains the National Registry of Historic
Structures pursuant to P.D. No. 260, S. 1973.
(See Annex B1)
▪ Implements the Philippines’ National Historic Act
(P.D. No. 1505 S. 1978), for the protection of
historic sites and structures nationwide; (see
Annex B2)
▪ Provides technical assistance to / collaborates
with Government Organizations involved in the
study and preservation of historic sites and
structures; and
▪ Recommends policies on the development,
preservation and restoration of historic places
and edifices.
▪ Performs such other functions consistent with
NHCP’s institutional mandate and existing laws.
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o ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
▪ The head of the HPD is the Architect V with
specialized training in the field of historic
conservation. It is divided into two sections, each
headed by a Senior History Researcher, namely:
• Architectural and Survey Section
o The Architectural and Survey
Section is the HPD component
that specifically undertakes the
planning, design,
implementation, supervision, and
monitoring of the restoration /
preservation of historic sites and
structures.
o This section includes architects,
engineers, and draftsmen.
• Engineering Section
o The Engineering Section
undertakes survey,
documentation, and identification
of historic sites and structures,
architectural / historical research,
and management of the HPD
database on historic sites and
structures.
LESSON 3: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1586
o Establishing an environmental impact statement system
including other environmental management related
measures and for other purposes.
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 ➢ DENR Administrative Order No. 2003-30
o IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS (IRR)
FOR THE PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
STATEMENT (EIS) SYSTEM
▪ Consistent with the continuing effort of the
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR) to rationalize and streamline
the implementation of the Philippine
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System
established under Presidential Decree (PD) No.
1586, Presidential Proclamation No. 2146
defining the scope of the EIS System and
pursuant to Administrative Order No. 42 issued
by the Office of the President on November 2,
2002, the following rules and regulations are
hereby promulgated.
➢ ARTICLE 1:
o BASIC POLICY, OPERATING PRINCIPLES,
OBJECTIVES AND DEFINITION OF TERMS
➢ ARTICLE 2:
o ECC APPLICATION PROCESSING AND APPROVAL
PROCEDURES
▪ The specific criteria for determining projects or
undertakings to be covered by the EIS System
are as follows:
• Characteristics of the project or
undertaking
• Location of the Project
• Nature of the potential impact
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➢ ARTICLE 2:
o CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT OR
UNDERTAKING
▪ Size of the project
▪ Cumulative nature of impacts vis-à-vis other
projects
▪ Use of natural resources
▪ Generation of waste and environment-related
nuisance
▪ Environment-related hazards and risk of
accidents
o LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
▪ Vulnerability of the project area to disturbances
due to its ecological importance, endangered or
protected status.
▪ Conformity of the proposed project to existing
land use, based on approved zoning or on
national laws and regulations.
▪ Relative abundance, quality, and regenerative
capacity of natural resources in the area,
including the impact absorptive capacity of the
environment.
o NATURE OF THE POTENTIAL IMPACT
▪ Geographic extent of the impact and size of
affected population
▪ Magnitude and complexity of the impact
▪ Likelihood, duration, frequency, and reversibility
of the impact
➢ ARTICLE 2:
o The following are the categories of
projects/undertakings under the EIS system:
▪ CATEGORY A.
• Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs)
with significant potential to cause
negative environmental impacts 8.
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 ▪ CATEGORY B.
• Projects that are not categorized as
ECPs, but which may cause negative
environmental impacts because they are
located in Environmentally Critical Areas
(ECA’s)
▪ CATEGORY C.
• Projects intended to directly enhance
environmental quality or address existing
environmental problems not falling under
Category A or B.
▪ CATEGORY D.
• Projects unlikely to cause adverse
environmental impacts.
g.) Environmental Management Program / Plan
h.) Supporting documents, including
technical/socio-economic data
used/generated; certificate of zoning viability
and municipal land use plan; and proof of
consultation with stakeholders.
i.) Proposals for Environmental Monitoring and
Guarantee Funds including justification of
amount, when required.
j.) Accountability statement of EIA consultants
and the project proponent
k.) Other clearances and documents that may
be determined and agreed upon during
scoping.

➢ ARTICLE 3:
➢ ARTICLE 2: o STRENGTHENING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
o Section 5.2 Forms and Contents of EIA Study Reports PHILIPPINE EIS SYSTEM
and Other Documents Required Under the EIS System ➢ ARTICLE 4:
▪ ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) o MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
▪ The EIS should contain at least the following:
a.) EIS Executive Summary
b.) Project Description ➢ STAGES OF THE EIA PROCESS
c.) Matrix of the scoping agreement identifying
critical issues and concerns, as validated by
EMB.
d.) Baseline environmental conditions focusing
on the sectors (and resources) most
significantly affected by the proposed action.
e.) Impact assessment focused on significant
environmental impacts (in relation to project
construction/commissioning, operation, and
decommissioning), taking into account
cumulative impacts.
f.) Environmental Risk Assessment if
determined by EMB as necessary during
scoping.
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