Nomor 1.

Soal “The destination you have dialed does not exist.”

It is Jan. 9, 2005 I have spent two weeks in Thailand reporting on a tsunami that
has transformed its famous beach resorts into corpse-strewn ruins. One night,
exhausted, my clothes reeking of death, I try to calling a colleague in the hard-hit
Indonesian province of Aceh. I simply misdial, but the recorded message gives me
chills: “The destination you have dialed…”

Aceh did exist, of course, but with 166,000 dead or missing it had borne the
brunt of the Indian Ocean tsunami, triggered by a 9-15 magnitude earthquake off
the Indonesian coast on Dec. 26, 2004. It was a truly international catastrophe: the
tsunami struck 13 countries, killing 226,000 people of 40 nationalities.

What does the narrator do in Thailand?

A. Reporting on a tsunami

B. On a vacation in famous beach resort

C. Trying to call a colleague

D. In transit to hard-hit Indonesian province of Aceh

E. He had a job there

Pembahasan Jawaban: A

Pembahasan:

Pertanyaan ini adalah apa yang dilakukan narrator di Tailand. Kita temukan
jawabannya di kalimat pertama dari teks ini yaitu kalimat ‘’… I have spent two
weeks in Thailand reporting on a tsunami…’’

(saya sedang melaporkan tsunami di Thailand selama 2 minggu ini)

Opsi A (Benar)

Arti kalimat ini adalah melaporkan kejadian tsunami

Opsi B (Salah)

Arti kalimat ini adalah liburan di resort pantai terkenal

Opsi C (Salah)

Arti kalimat ini adalah mencoba menghubungi seorang rekan

Opsi D (Salah)

Arti kalimat ini adalah dalam perjalanan ke provinsi Aceh yang dilanda bencana di
Indonesia

Opsi E (salah)

Arti kalimat ini adalah dia mempunyai pekerjaan disana

Materi Reading

Nomor 2.
Soal Language is the ability to learn and use a system of symbolic representations for
communication. This includes a capacity to relate signs to abstract information.
For example, letters grouped together make a word which human can read, and
sounded words put together in the correct order allow human to have a
conversation. Human language can incorporate spoken, written, visually signed, or
tactile forms like braille.

Around the world humans have developed many different spoken and written
languages. However, mathematics in particular is often regarded as a “universal
language” since the mathematical concepts that describe values and equations do
not depend on cultural or other frameworks. Scientists are interested in the
question of whether numerical symbols are truly universal – that is, whether they
also work for species that are not human.

The honeybee is a super organism for the study of comparative information

processing in a brain. In 1973 Karl von Frisch was awarded a Nobel Prize in the
field of Physiology and Medicine for his demonstrations that the honeybee can
communicate with hive mates via a symbolic dance language. von Frisch showed
that a foraging bee which locates rewarding flowers can fly back to a hive and
signal both the direction and distance of the nutritious flowers via a “waggle
dance”. Other bees can interpret the dance language to know where to fly to
collect nectar.

It’s questioned whether such an impressive communication system meant that

honeybees could learn another type of symbolic language, a basic symbolic
number system. Interestingly, chimpanzees, Rhesus monkeys, pigeons, and a
single African grey parrot named Alex have demonstrated the skill to learn either
Arabic numerals or English names for numbers. This shows that while no non-
human species appear to have developed a symbolic representation of number, it is
not because they lack the brain capacity to understand such representations. The
research has already shown honeybees can learn and apply challenging numerical
concepts such as greater vs. lesser items, a quantitative valuation of “zero”, and
simple arithmetic.

source: https://theconversation.com/we-taught-bees-a-simple-number-language-
and-they-got-it-117816

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about language?

A. Language is the ability of human to connect symbols and conversation

B. Language is the capacity to communicate which is exclusive to human

C. It is possible for human to communicate due to availability of language

D. It is known that human language represents abstract information

E. It is explained that human can only understand words in certain language

Pembahasan Jawaban: C. It is possible for human to communicare due to availability of
language

Pembahasan:

Arti soal: “Berdasarkan teks, mana dari pernyataan berikut ini yang BENAR
tentang Bahasa?”

Untuk menjawab soal ini, kita perlu membaca cepat teks untuk mencari bagian
yang menjelaskan tentang Bahasa. Ditemukan bahwa pembahasan tentang Bahasa
ada dalam paragraph pertama. Lalu, dari paragraph 1 ditemukan beberapa fakta
tentang Bahasa sebagai berikut:

“Language is the ability to learn and use a system of symbolic representations for
communication. This includes a capacity to relate signs to abstract information.
For example, letters grouped together make a word which human can read, and
sounded words put together in the correct order allow human to have a
conversation. Human language can incorporate spoken, written, visually signed,
or tactile forms like braille.”

Artinya:

“Bahasa adalah kemampuan untuk mempelajari dan menggunakan sistem

representasi simbolik untuk komunikasi. Hal ini termasuk kapasitas untuk
menghubungkan tanda dengan informasi abstrak. Misalnya, huruf-huruf yang
dikelompokkan menjadi satu kata yang dapat dibaca manusia, dan kata-kata yang
dibunyikan disatukan dalam tata bahasa yang benar memungkinkan manusia untuk
melakukan percakapan. Bahasa manusia dapat menggabungkan bentuk lisan,
tulisan, tanda visual, atau sentuhan seperti braille”.

Maka, dari paragraph tersebut dapat ditemukan beberapa fakta yang benar
mengenai Bahasa sebagai berikut:

1) Bahasa adalah kemampuan menggunakan simbol untuk berkomunikasi

2)Bahasa adalah kemampuan untuk menghubungkan simbol dengan informasi

abstrak

3) Manusia mungkin untuk berkomunikasi karena adanya Bahasa yang digunakan

dengan aturan/tata bahasa yang tepat

4) Terdapat beberapa bentuk Bahasa yang dapat digabungkan

Opsi A (Salah)

Artinya: “Bahasa adalah kemampuan manusia untuk menghubungkan simbol dan

percakapan”. Opsi A salah karena bukan merupakan fakta tentang Bahasa yang
sesuai dengan informasi dalam teks.

Opsi B (Salah)
Materi Reading

Nomor 3.
Soal Water is at the heart of health and well-being for people and nature. Access to it
is a human rights issue recognized by international treaties and declarations, and
national standards. It’s vital for education and economic productivity. Ultimately,
it connects the environment to society.

The most recent statistics (2020) show a general global trend of positive progress
in access to water. The proportion of the global population using safely managed
drinking water services increased from 70.2% in 2015 to 74.3% in 2020. But
despite this progress, in 2020, two billion people still lacked safely managed
drinking water. The sub-Saharan African region has the largest numbers, with 387
million people still lacking basic drinking water services. Current coverage of
access to safe drinking water is estimated at only 54% of the region’s population.

In South Africa, the right to water is enshrined in the constitution. Before the
country’s transition to democracy in 1994, government policies were focused on
the advancement of the white minority. The development of the country’s water
resources wasn’t focused on improving the position of the mostly black, poor
majority. The country has made significant progress since 1996 in expanding
water services, especially within the disadvantaged and vulnerable communities
and rural areas. But inequality in access to basic services is still a reality. Progress
with water supply and sanitation service delivery has been slow and, in some
instances, it’s deteriorating.

In 1994, about 14 million people (35%) in South Africa didn’t have basic water
supply services. The minimum standard of these services is defined as clean, piped
water delivered within 200 meters of a household at a minimum flow rate of 10
liters per minute, for 300 days a year, with any interruption not lasting longer than
two days at a time.

The government adopted various policies and programs aimed at sustainable

water development, improving the quantity and the quality of water supply to
citizens. This created a comprehensive legislative framework for the provision of
water and sanitation services.

source: https://theconversation.com/basic-water-services-in-south-africa-are-in-
decay-after-years-of-progress-185616

According to the text, what is the importance of water?

A. It is recognized as human right issue by national standard

B. It is fundamental to both human and environmental health

C. It is linked the healthy environment to human well-being

D. It is issued by international treaties and declarations

E. It is essential for productivity of society and nature

Pembahasan Jawaban: B. It is fundamental to both human and environmental health

Pembahasan:

Arti soal: “Berdasarkan teks, apa pentingnya air?”

Untuk menjawab soal ini, kita perlu membaca dan memahami teks untuk
menemukan bagian teks yang menjelaskan tentang pentingnya air. Adapun hal
tersebut dibahas dalam paragraf 1, kalimat 1 berikut:

“Water is at the heart of health and well-being for people and nature.”

Artinya:

“Air adalah jantung dari kesehatan dan kesejahteraan bagi manusia dan alam.”

Frasa “is at the heart” dapat diartikan sebagai sesuatu yang sangat penting atau
mendasar. Maka, disimpulkan bahwa air penting karena merupakan hal
fundamental/mendasar untuk kesejahteraan dan atau kesehatan manusia dan alam.

Opsi A (salah)

Artinya: “diakui sebagai masalah hak asasi manusia oleh standar nasionnal.” Opsi
A salah karena bukan merupakan pernyataan tentang pentingnya air yang sesuai
dengan isi teks.

Opsi B (BENAR)

Artinya: “Hal ini sangat penting bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan.” Opsi B
benar karena merupakan pernyataan tentang pentingnya air yang sesuai dengan isi
teks.

Opsi C (salah)

Artinya: “Menghubungkan lingkungan yang sehat dengan kesejahteraan manusia.”

Opsi C salah karena bukan merupakan pernyataan tentang pentingnya air yang
sesuai dengan isi teks.

Opsi D (salah)

Artinya: “Dibahas oleh perjanjian dan deklarasi internasional.” Opsi D salah

karena bukan merupakan pernyataan tentang pentingnya air yang sesuai dengan isi
teks.

Opsi E (salah)

Artinya: “Hal ini sangat penting untuk produktivitas masyarakat dan alam.” Opsi E
salah karena bukan merupakan pernyataan tentang pentingnya air yang sesuai
dengan isi teks.

Materi Reading

Nomor 4.
Soal Herd immunity, otherwise known as community immunity or the herd effect,
is the way in which an entire community can be protected from an illness by
immunizing a certain percentage of individuals. If enough people in the population
are immune to a disease, then it is less likely to spread, thus shielding those who
are unprotected.

Diseases occur when people are infected with pathogens like bacteria or
viruses. A person’s immune system detects these intruders and responds by
producing antibodies that fight the pathogen. Illnesses can be passed from person
to person, and if enough people get sick it can lead to an outbreak. However, if a
particular number of people in a population are immune, then the pathogen’s chain
of transmission is broken and the disease cannot be passed around as easily. As a
result, the disease becomes rarer over time and can even be eliminated altogether.

There are two ways people can become immune to a disease: through natural
exposure or through vaccination. In both cases, the human immune system
recognizes any pathogens that it has been exposed to before and is able to produce
antibodies much faster to ward off sickness. This is why an adult who has already
had chickenpox (varicella) as a child is unlikely to contract the disease a second
time. A new type of vaccine stimulates immunity using artificial mRNA, or
messenger RNA. Messenger RNA is essential to the process that reads DNA to
make the building block of proteins, amino acids. The mRNA vaccine replicates
part of a pathogen, which is then injected into the body, triggering the immune
system to develop antibodies against it.

Natural exposure to a disease is one way of achieving immunity, but it is risky

for obvious reasons: it relies on getting sick in the first place, in the hopes that the
immune system is strong enough to fight the illness and recover. Vaccination, on
the other hand, is a relatively safe and effective option for immunization.

source: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/herd-immunity-
strength-numbers

According to the passage, what can cause an outbreak?

A. The production of antibodies in human

B. Massive human-to-human transmission

C. Pathogens such as bacteria and virus

D. Community with strong immune

E. Rarity of the spreading disease

Pembahasan Arti soal: “Berdasarkan teks, apa yang bisa menyebabkan wabah?”

Untuk menjawab soal ini, kita perlu membaca cepat teks untuk menemukan
bagian yang menjelaskan tentang pandemi. Adapun hal tersebut dibahas dalam
paragraf 2, kalimat 3 berikut:

“Illnesses can be passed from person to person, and if enough people get sick it
can lead to an outbreak.”

Artinya:

“Penyakit dapat ditularkan dari manusia kepada manusia, dan jika cukup banyak
orang terkena penyakit tersebut hal ini dapat menjadi wabah.”

Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa yang dapat menyebabkan wabah adalah

penularan penyakit dari manusia ke manusia secara luas atau dalam jumlah yang
banyak.

Opsi A (salah)

Artinya: “Produksi antibodi dalam tubuh manusia.” Opsi A salah karena bukan
merupakan penyebab terjadinya wabah yang sesuai dengan isi teks.

Opsi B (BENAR)

Artinya: “Penyebaran dari manusia ke manusia secara luas.” Opsi B benar karena
merupakan penyebab terjadinya wabah yang sesuai dengan isi teks.

Opsi C (salah)

Artinya: “Patogen seperti bakteri dan virus.” Opsi C salah karena bukan
merupakan penyebab terjadinya wabah yang sesuai dengan isi teks.

Opsi D (salah)

Artinya: “Komunitas dengan imun yang kuat.” Opsi D salah karena bukan
merupakan penyebab terjadinya wabah yang sesuai dengan isi teks.

Opsi E (salah)

Artinya: “Kelangkaan dari penyakit yang tersebar.” Opsi E salah karena bukan
merupakan penyebab terjadinya wabah yang sesuai dengan isi teks.

Materi Reading

Nomor 5.
Soal Manic depression is another psychiatric illness that mainly affects mood. A
patient suffering from this disease will alternate between periods of manic
excitement and extreme depression, with or without relatively normal periods in
between. The changes in mood suffered by a manic–depressive patient go far
beyond the day-to-day mood changes experienced by the general population. In
the period of manic excitement, the mood elevation can become so intense that it
can result in extended insomnia, extreme irritability, and heightened
aggressiveness. In the period of depression, which may last for several weeks or
months, a patient experiences feelings of general fatigue, uselessness, and
hopelessness, and in serious cases, may contemplate suicide.

The passage implies that ....

A. Changes from excitement to depression occur frequently and often

B. Only manic depressive patients experience aggression

C. The depressive phase of this disease can be more harmful than the manic phase

D. Suicide is inevitable in cases of manic depression

E. A different type of mental disease

Pembahasan Jawaban: C

Pembahasan:

Pada bacaan di atas, tersirat informasi bahwa fase depresif bisa lebih berbahaya
daripada fase manic. Jawabannya ada di kalimat berikut ini In the period of
depression, which may last for several weeks or months, a patient experiences
feelings of general fatigue, uselessness, and hopelessness, and in serious cases,
may contemplate suicide

Opsi A (Salah)

Artinya perubahan dari kegembiraan menjadi depresi sering dan sering terjadi

Opsi B (Salah)

Artinya hanya pasien manik depresif yang mengalami agresi

Opsi C (Benar)

Artinya fase depresi dari penyakit ini bisa lebih berbahaya daripada fase manik

Opsi D (Salah)

Artinya bunuh diri tidak bisa dihindari dalam kasus manik depresi

Opsi E (Salah)

Artinya jenis penyakit mental yang berbeda

Materi Reading

Nomor 6.
Soal Manic depression is another psychiatric illness that mainly affects mood. A
patient suffering from this disease will alternate between periods of manic
excitement and extreme depression, with or without relatively normal periods in
between. The changes in mood suffered by a manic–depressive patient go far
beyond the day-to-day mood changes experienced by the general population. In
the period of manic excitement, the mood elevation can become so intense that it
can result in extended insomnia, extreme irritability, and heightened
aggressiveness. In the period of depression, which may last for several weeks or
months, a patient experiences feelings of general fatigue, uselessness, and
hopelessness, and in serious cases, may contemplate suicide.

The passage indicates that most people…

A. Never undergo mood changes

B. Experience occasional shifts in mood

C. Switch wildly from highs to lows

D. Become highly depressed

E. Feel nothing
Pembahasan Jawaban: D

Pembahasan:

Bacaan di atas menyiratkan bahwa hampir sebagian besar orang menjadi sangat
depresi. Jawaban ada di paragrap pertama yaitu A patient suffering from this
disease will alternate between periods of manic excitement and extreme
depression

Opsi A (Salah)

Artinya tidak pernah mengalami perubahan suasana hati

Opsi B (Salah)

Artinya merasakan perubahan suasana hati sesekali

Opsi C (Salah)

Artinya beralih dengan liar dari tertinggi ke terendah

Opsi D (Benar)

Artinya menjadi sangat depresi

Opsi E (Salah)

Artinya merasa hampa

Materi Reading

Nomor 7.
Soal My Day

I had a terrible day yesterday. First, I woke up an hour late because my alarm
clock didn't go off. Then, I was in such a hurry that I burned my hand when I was
making breakfast. After breakfast, I got dressed so quickly that I forgot to wear
socks.

Next, I ran out of the house trying to get the 9:30 bus, but of course I missed it. I
wanted to take a taxi, but I didn't have enough money.

Finally, I walked the three miles to my school only to discover that it was
Sunday! I hope I never have a day as the one I had yesterday.

What happened to the writer yesterday?

A. He has a terrible day.

B. He gets a terrible day.

C. He had a terrible day.

D. He got a terrible day.

E. He have a terrible day.

Pembahasan Jawaban: C

Pembahasan:

Pertanyaan untuk soal ini adalah menyakan kejadian yang terjadi kepada penulis
kemarin. Soal ini termasuk soal yang sulit karena jawabannya walapun sudah
tersurat atau tertulis diawal kalimat paragrap pertama tetapi kesulitannya adalah
harus menentukan struktur yang benar.Karena ini kejadian yang sudah terjadi
maka jawaban yang betul adalah C. Secara arti semua kalimat ini sama tapi harus
menentukan struktur yang benar.

Opsi A (salah)

Opsi ini salah karena struktur kalimatnya Present Tense.

Opsi B (Salah)

Karena kata kerja yang digunakan seharusnya had bukan got

Opsi C (Benar)

Kalimat ini mempunyai struktur dan kosa kata yang tepat

Opsi D (Salah)

Walapun strukturnya betul tetapi kosa katanya salah

Opsi E (Salah)

Secara struktur salah karena subjek He seharusnya dipasangkan dengan has atau
had dalam bentuk lampau

Materi Reading

Nomor 8.
Soal Read the following the text, then choose the correct answer by crossing A, B, C, D
OR E!

Text

(1) Sometimes experience in other countries can help people to understand their
own identity better. Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869 at Portandar in Western
India. After studying in India, he dreamt of going to England to study. He was told
that his Hindu religion did not allow voyages abroad. However, Gandhi was very
determined and he finally left for England in 1887. At first, he tried to learn to
behave like an English gentleman, but he soon learnt that it was better to be
himself. He studied law in London, qualifying in 1891. He also learnt about other
religions.

(2) He returned home to India and worked as a lawyer for two years. After some
problems, he was offered a job in South Africa. Here he experienced racism as a
member of the Indian community. He decided to fight for the rights of Indians
using "passive resistance. He had three main beliefs, namely non-violence,
religious tolerance and truth. When he finally returned to India in 1915, he became
a great political leader. During the fight for independence, he was often put in
prison, but his beliefs never changed.

(3) Gandhi had studied in Britain, so he understood the British better that they
understood him. Gandhi's leadership led to independence, but, on Independence
Day, 15th August, 1947, Gandhi refused to celebrate. He was in favor of Hindu-
Muslim unity, but Muslims and Hindus could not agree. so a separate Muslim state
was formed in Pakistan. In 1948, Gandhi started fasting to death as a protest
against fighting between India and Pakistan. He was assassinated by a Hindu
fanatic on 30th January 1948. India and Pakistan are still fighting in Kashmir
today. The fight for independence was a difficult one, but not as difficult as the
fight for non-violence, religious tolerance, and truth.

The passage above mainly deals with Mahatma Gandhi's....

A. search for principles of his three main beliefs

B. fighting against racism in South Africa

C. political career as an important national leader

D. experience to identify his life principles

E. political struggle for India's independence

Pembahasan Jawaban: D. experience to identify his life principles

Pembahasan:

Teks tersebut menceritakan pengalaman seorang tokoh besar bernama Mahatma

Gandhi. Kalimat pembuka teks tersebut juga bisa menjadi petunjuk, yakni 'Some-
times experience in other countries can help people to understand their own
identity better.... Maka teks tersebut intinya menceritakan pengalaman Mahatma
Gandhi dalam pencarian prinsip-prinsip hidupnya. Jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi
D.

- Opsi A salah, karena beliau bukan mencari prinsip dari tiga keyakinan utamanya,
melainkan sangat meyakini ketiga prinsip tersebut dan ingin menegakannya di
negaranya sendiri.

- Opsi B salah, karena ini adalah sebuah fakta

- Opsi C salah, karena karir politik sebagai pemimin nasional yang penting tidak
menakup seluruh isi teks.

- Opsi E salah, karena teks tersebut tidak menceritakan secara spesifik perjuangan
politik mahatma gandi untuk kemerdekaan india.

Materi Reading

Nomor 9.
Soal Read the following the text, then choose the correct answer by crossing A, B, C, D
OR E!

Text

(1) It is common knowledge that as women get older, pregnancy becomes a

riskier enterprise. Advanced maternal age is linked to a number of developmental
disorders in children, such as down's syndrome. Now, a study has confirmed that
older mothers are more likely to give birth to a child with autism, too. the authors
of the epidemiological study, published on February 8 in autism research,
examined the parental age of more than 12.000 children with autism and nearly
five million "control" children between 1990 and 1999, all living in California. the
researchers found that mother over 40 had a 51 percent higher risk of having a
child with autism than mother 25 to 29, and a 77 percent higher risk than mothers
under 25.

(2) Autism a developmental disorder characterized by impaired social

interaction and communication appears to be on the rise. The U.S. Center for
Disease Control and Prevention now estimates that as many as one in 110 children
in the U.S. Has an autistic spectrum disorder a group of developmental disorders
including autism, Asperger's syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder. The
prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders in California in 2007 was 12 times that
from 1987, representing in average annual growth of 13 percent, according to a
report from the California Department of Developmental Services. Only a fraction
of these extra cases can be explained by changes to diagnostic criteria and earlier
diagnoses.

(3) Maternal age is also increasing in the U.S.A. California-based study reported
a three-fold increase in the number of births to woman ages 40 to 44 between 1982
and 2004. But this trend toward delayed childbearing accounted for less than 5
percent of the total increase in autism diagnose in California over the decade.
According to the study a finding that surprised Janie Shelton, a doctoral student in
University of California Davis's Department of Public Health Sciences and the
study's lead author. "I would have expected to see more of a contribution, because
age is a risk factor and woman are having kids later," she says. Earlier work had
suggested that both maternal and paternal ages are independently associated with
autism risk. But the current study found that paternal age is only a risk factor when
the mother is under 30.

Which of the following according to the text is implied about autism in children?

A. It is genetically transmitted

B. It makes children antisocial

C. It is getting more infectious

D. It was among Californian children

E. It was not detected until recently

Pembahasan Jawaban: B. It makes children antisocial

Pembahasan:

Dari kutipan pada paragraf 2 baris 1'Autism-a developmental disorder

characterized by impaired social interaction.: (impaired social interaction =
lemahnya interaksi sosial), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa autisme membuat anak
anti sosial. Jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi B.

- Opsi A salah, karena austisme bukan ditularkan secara genetik melaikan karena
faktor ibu yang lebih tua lebih memungkinkan melahirkan anak autis juga.

- Opsi C salah, karena tidak ada penularan yang dijelaskan pada teks tersebut
melainkan pencegahan dan himbauan agar seorang ibu tidak melahirkan anak
dengan usia yang lebih tua.

- Opsi D salah, karena fakta bukan yang menginterpretasikan atau mendefinisikan

pengertian dari anak autisme.

- Opsi E salah, karena sudah terdeteksi penyebab dari anak autisme tersebut.

Materi Reading

Nomor 10.
Soal Although photography was first made public in 1839, the theory behind the
principles of the medium begins with Aristotle’s description of how light waves
behave when projected through a small aperture. This is fundamentally the
descriptions of how a lens or camera’s a aperture operates when it projects an
image onto the film at the back of a camera. In the middle ages, Alhazen and
Francis Bacon extended the principle to include a large,darkened room with a
small opening in one wall. In the 15th to 18th centuries these camera obscure, as it
came to the be called, was reduced in size and made convenient for artist to use in
tracing scenic design and architectural perspective.

The chemical principle basic photography were also describe well before
photography was “inverted”. Johann Schulze, in 1727, demonstrated that silver
salts turned black when exposed to light. Carl W. Scheele, in 1777, showed that
ammonia retorted the effects of light, and he indicated a possible way of the
photochemical process by the end of the 18th century, the necessary equipment
(the camera obscure) were available at least to produce semipermanent
photographic images.

The artistic style and aestheticsof Renainssance and post- Renainssance Europe
placed a high value on a naruralistic rendering of nature and thus legitimatized the
use of machines like the camera obscure by artist. By the mid-18th century, a
public demand had made itself for realistic portaist, which was partially satisfied
by other machines for recording human likenesses, beggining in the 1970’s
Jacques Charles conducted experiments in the automatic; if permanent, recording
of portait silhouettes on photosensitive paper. Two imperatoves-the need for
perspectively accurate landscape and achitectural scenes and for objectively
truthful portraits-created a climate for certain types and style of the pictures that,
after 1839l would be achieved easily by photography.

Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

A. Camera sizes became small due to the fashion at that time

B. A camera was the only tool to record human likeness in the mid 18th century

C. Before the mid 18th century the photochemical processes were unstable

D. The upper-class were the common portrait object in the Renaissance era

E. It took some decades before society was aware of the art photography
Pembahasan Jawaban: E. It took some decades before society was aware of the art
photography

Pembahasan:

Pada soal ini ditanyakan yang manakah pernyataan berikut ini yang dapat
disimpulkan dari teks tersebut. Dari ospi yang diberikan yang paling tepat adalah
opsi C, dapat dilihat dari kalimat ke-2 paragraf 1 yang menyebutkan ‘’Carl W.
Scheele, in 1777, showed that ammonia retorted the effects of light, and he
indicated a possible way of the photochemical process’’. Dengan demikian dapat
disimpulkan bahwa proses fotokimia dapat stabil setelah pertengahan abad 18.
Pernyataan ini sejalan dengan opsi C.

Opsi A (Salah)

Ukuran kamera menjadi kecil karena mode saat itu

Opsi B (Salah)

Kamera adalah satu-satunya alat untuk merekam rupa manusia di pertengahan

abad ke-18

Opsi C (Salah)

Sebelum pertengahan abad ke-18, proses fotokimia tidak stabil

Opsi D (Salah)

Kelas atas adalah objek potret umum di era Renaissance

Opsi E (Benar)

Membutuhkan beberapa dekade sebelum masyarakat mengetahui seni fotograpi

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