AUTOMATED PARKING SYSTEM
Vaishali Gaikwad (Mohite)
Department of Information Technology,
K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information Technology,
University of Mumbai, India.
mohite@somaiya.edu
Amanpreet Singh Mankoo
Department of Information Technology,
K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information
Technology,
University of Mumbai, India.
amanpreetsingh.m@somaiya.edu
Abstract—Today with the growing number of vehicles
in the metropolitan cities, there is high demand for a
smart parking management system. When people reach
their destination, searching for a parking slot to park
their vehicle itself creates lots of traffic congestion in the
parking lot/roads taking their precious time. Hence there
is a need for a smart parking management system
assisting the users with the information about the
availability of parking slots at the entrance of the places
like malls, organizations etc. they visit for avoiding
congestion, irritation and tension. The proposed solution
system in this paper tries to resolve this by detecting the
available slots for parking in the parking area using IoT
technologies and displaying the same on a
webpage/display for user’s kind reference. This system
also provisions the users to book the free parking slot
soon after entering the parking area thus solves the
internal congestion inside the parking lot, saves their
valuable time and relieves people from tension.
Keyword- automated parking system (APS), parking lot,
parking booking, internet-of-thing (IoT), image processing,
yolo
I. INTRODUCTION
Variety of occasions turn up when we visit various
public places like Shopping malls, 5-star and 7-star
hotels, multiplex cinema halls, etc. The difficulty we
encounter at these places is finding the availability of
parking space. Most of the times we need to traverse
through multiple parking slots to find a free space for
parking. The problem becomes more tedious if the
parking is multi-stored. Thus, the problem is time-
consuming. This situation calls for the need for an
automated parking system that not only regulates
parking in a given area but also keeps the manual
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917
Prashant Mishra
Department of Information Technology,
K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information
Technology,
University of Mumbai, India.
prashant.dm@somaiya.edu
intervention to a minimum. Our proposed system
presents an Autonomous car parking that regulates the
number of cars that can be parked in a given space at
any given time based on the parking space availability.
When a car arrives at the entrance, it will be stopped
at the main gate and the driver de-boards the car. Using
the Android application on his Android device, the
user commands the Parking Control Unit to check the
Status of available Parking slots, through an SMS. On
receiving this command, a search for free slot is
carried out and corresponding information is provided
to the user, by means of SMS. If the availability of
Parking space is confirmed, the user commands the car
to get parked to the designated slot. The car traces its
path to the entrance of the parking area. Here, it waits
and the details required for parking of car at the proper
slot are communicated to the Car Control Unit. On
receiving the information, the car will further trace its
path to free parking spot. On successful parking, the
data on the LCD will be updated automatically. For
retrieval purpose, the user commands “Un-park”,
through the Android Application. On reception of this
SMS, the car begins to trace back the path to the
entrance, where the car driver is waiting. Thus, this
system proves to be useful for the purpose of the car
parking automation and thereby helps reduce the car
driver’s time, as the searching of the free parking space
is handled by the Parking Control Unit. There is a lot
of fuel and time wasted by countless commuters to
find for a place for parking. This became our main
motivation to develop a system were commuters can
get parking information on finger tips, because time
saved is time earned.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
“Intelligent parking space detection system based on
image processing”[1].Author:R.Yusnita Fariza
Norbaya,Norazwinawat
Bashruddin..Various methods are prevalent for
development of autonomous or intelligent parking
systems. Study of these systems shows that these
require a little or more human intervention for the
functioning. One of the intelligent systems for car
parking we have thought is by making use of Image
processing .The issue arising here is that the person is
still required to travel the particular location in search
of how many slots are available on the particular area
to compute whether the person can park the car or not
and displaying the particular number of slots on the
LCD may not be feasible and practical at all the places.
`Automated car parking system commanded by
Android application”[2].Author: D. J. Bonde, R. S.
Shende, K. S. Gaikwad, A. S. Kedari, and A. U.
Bhokre Implementation of automated parking system
using the IoT and android application.A camera takes
the instance of the overall parking slot to get the
immediate status of the parking slot.The following slot
is controlled by the parking control unit(PCU). The
allocated slot and the empty spaces for the slots are
easily calculated and updated on the 7-segment
display.An android application is used to get the phone
number and gets the status of the car and response as
follows
IoT based smart parking system Link:
:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7562735/.The
proposed Smart Parking system consists of an on-site
deployment of an IoT module that is used to monitor
and signalize the state of availability of each single
parking space. A mobile application is also provided
that allows an end user to check the availability of
parking space and book a parking slot accordingly.
The paper also describes a high-level view of the
system architecture. Towards the end, the paper
discusses the working of the system in form of a use
case that proves the correctness of the proposed model.
"Parking easier by using context information of a
smart city: Enabling fast search and management of
parking resources"[4]. Author:J. Rico, J. Sancho, B.
Cendon, M. Camus.Currently, the parking system is
classified into parking assistance system and
automatic parking system. The automatic parking
system is the modified or improved technology of
parking assistance system. The parking assistance
system has developed in some automobile
manufacturers. The vehicle parking system is lack of
an efficient parking algorithm to improve the parking
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917
performance. Moreover, the efficient parking
algorithm can reduce the required parking space.
“Automatic parking management system and parking
fee collection based on number plate
recognition.”[5].Author: M.M. Rashid A.MusaM.Ata
Rehman N.FarhanaA.Farha.License plate recognition
applies image processing and character recognition
technology to identify vehicles by automatically
reading the license plates. Optical Character
Recognition (OCR) algorithm is used to recognize the
character with condition, the background of the image
has no or very little noise .The aim of the system is to
recognize the license plate number of car of the
parking place by algorithmic and introduce magnetic
card less parking and billing activities.
“Smart parking system with image processing
facility”[6].Author:M.O. Reze M.F. Ismail A.A.
Rokoni M.A.R. Sarkar..A vision based car parking
system is developed which uses two types of images
(positive and negative) to detect free parking slot. In
this method, the object classifier detects the required
object within the input. Positive images contain the
images of cars from various angles.Negative images
do not contain any cars in them. The co-ordinates of
parking lots specified are used as input to detect the
presence of cars in the region. However, limitations
may occur with this system with respect to the type of
camera used.
Links:https://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.02640v5.pdf[7].In
the particular paper review, we found out that the
dimension of a real-time object can be easily identified
to check out the cars passing by . Another pattern
struck was we can also get unique identification of an
individual by reading their number plates
Intelligent Parking System using Android
Application[8]Author: J. Anitha1, Y. Thoyajakshi2,
A. Ramya3,V. Sravani4, Prashant Kumar.Number
Plate Recognition technique for developing
autonomous car parking system uses image processing
basis to process the number plates of the vehicles. In
this system, the image of the license number plate of
the vehicle is acquired. It is further segmented to
obtain individual characters in the number plate. Then
the images of number plate are taken and analysed.
Simultaneously, the current timing is noted so as to
calculate the parking fees.However some limitations
with the system include background colour being
compulsorily black and character colour white. Also,
analysis is limited to number plates with just one row.
 III. METHODOLY

Parking Automation is a Raspberry Pi parking system

which we created after thoroughly going through the
Raspberry Pi and issues encountered while parking
vehicles.This application will be useful for the people
who gets their time wasted on locating a perfect
parking location.This will also avoid confusion of cars
while searching for a parking location.This automated
parking system will be handled easily from an
application avoiding any complexity formed while
parking with nice GUI and payment transactions

Automated or Smart Parking System is a system

designed which assures the most efficient way of
parking. In this parking system, various services are
provided to drivers and everything is just on a
fingertips. The parking system is purely based on
Internet of Things. The system or technology works on
simple approach of pre-booking and providing geo-
location of parking hubs on the user display. The
intelligent parking system finds the best available
parking, minimizing the cost. The parking can be done
with the help of an android application. User has to
install the android application/IOS application/Web
Application on his/her smart phone devices, which
would have the facility to pre-book the parking slot. In
that case the administrator’s work will reduce. Fig 1. Flow chart of Automated Parking System

Basic Block Diagram

We all know that Raspberry Pi is a wonderful

Development platform based on ARM
microprocessor. All this can be possible only if we
know how to make it interact with the real world and
analyse the data through some output device. There are
many sensors which can detect certain parameters
from the real time world and transfer it to a digital
world and we analyse them viewing them either in a
LCD screen or some other display.
As seen from Fig[1], the work flow of our proposed Fig2.Camera Module
automated parking system is described. The start
phase of the methodology is from login and At hardware side:
verification through the website. Similarly a Raspberry Pi can be used with a camera
The flowchart shown in Fig[1] describe every aspect module as shown in Fig[2] whose real-time capture of
of the proposed system including Raspberry pi the real-time frames can be used for image processing
integration with the User Interface i.e. website. for the particular user which can be further processed
.
For locating the car in the image and no other garbage
stuff, the real-time object detection technique we are For achieving the task of getting a clear image a
using is YOLO object. We can use number of frames camera module as shown in the Fig[2] is used which
at the instant to get the vehicle image.The YOLO is used for detecting the cars
library is used for number plate recognition and the The parking status of the area will also be captured by
vehicle number from it. using a camera module as shown in Fig1 for getting

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917

the number of parking slots available in the area. In Fig[3] the camera module detects normal image
Distance between the cars can be obtained from the without object recognition but here we will use YOLO
YOLO object and can be determined whether a car can image detection algorithm and as it can be seen from
be parked or not and will be updated to the database as Fig[4] the YOLO image detection technique detect
well. object and in our project we use YOLO image
detection as shown in Fig[4] for car detection and
At user end: vehicle authentication .
Users using the application can easily get access to
Different distance measurement algorithms will be
slots which is nearest to him/her. If, in case the user is
used to calculate the nearest parking slot available and
unable to get the parking slot of his/her desired
a Google map view of the following will be provided
location he will be getting a parking slot nearest to his
into the application for the user to easily interpret the
current location available.
location if it is feasible for him/her or not. Ultimately,
For such flexibility, we have asked for the permission number of nearest choices will be given to the user to
while installing the application to get the current decide which one to approach.
location and the app will show him the destination
Payment transaction will also be introduced using API
parking slot available to park.
integrations of payment applications and also Google
After getting the park slot to the desired location, the APIs will be used as required.
car has to wait for at most 1 minute for the camera
An webapps, an android application and iOS will be
module as shown in Fig1 to get an instance of the
prepared for the same for the user’s feasibility and
number plate to uniquely identify the user for every
hence one can access the advantages of the automated
car for legitimate parking actions. Many other security
parking efficiently.
assurances are made for every legitimate car owned by
legitimate users.
After validation of the user a Session will be started
which will be used for the amount of time the user has
booked for the parking and the slot will not be freed
until the Session gets aborted by the user itself.
This is approached by again waiting at the end for the
user to match all the booked cars and the matched car’s
session will be made over.
For integrating the payment part, the user ‘x’ payment
will be deducted online by API integration of
PayPal,etc.
The parking system is integrated with website for
booking service to provide reservation for parking.

Fig4 -YOLO image

From Fig[5] it can be seen how using YOLO Image

Detection Technique to detect real time object
detection with which there will be instant update in the
firebase i.e. Database to be updated in user end. The
concept shown in Fig4 is been used in our Parking
Automation Technique

In the previous section we discussed about the

architecture and technical stack related to the smart
parking system. In this section we talk about the
implimtation and working of the system in a real world
Fig 3- Normal Image

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917

scenario. The complete process of booking a parking
slot, parking a car in that slot and

Fig 5- Real Time Object Detection Fig 6. Picture of the license plate

In Fig.6, this is the monitored format of the licensed

IV. IMPLEMENTATION
plate. On detection the number is saved on the
We conducted an experiment in order to website
depict the working of our system at every stage from
checking the availability of parking space to actually
park a car in a vacant parking slot. This is done by
implementing the automated parking system in the
parking area of a shopping mall. Below are the steps
that a driver needs to follow in order to park its car
using our parking system.

Step1: Visit
http://amanpreets879.000webhostapp.com and
complete registration and login process.
Step 2: With the help of the website search for a
parking area on and around your destination.
Step 3: Select a particular parking area.
Step 4: Select the amount of time (in hours) for which
you would like to park your car for. Fig 7 – Image processing of the number plate
Step 5: Pay the parking charges either with your wallet
In Fig.7, for processing, one can use this structure for
or your credit card.
verification and authentication of one’s vehicle.
Step 6: Once you have successfully parked your car in
the selected parking slot, confirm your occupancy
using the mobile application.

The above-mentioned procedure for booking a slot and

parking a car in that very slot is explained with the help
of the following screenshots.

The following project on the automated parking

system is made by using two components i.e. a website
and image processing using raspberry Pi
The camera module will be inserted on the parking slot
and the following image of the license plate is detected
automatically using YOLO Object which is Real Time
Detection. Fig 8 – License Plate
In Fig.8,this is the sample of the number plate and any
other camera plate can be used. Other pictures using
camera module can be used to take the picture which

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917

is recognizd further for saving in database for
verification of the person using the parking slot
Fig 9. Online entry of number plate
In Fig.9 , the license number of the plate is stored in
online database for further verification.. Further the
website manipulation can be done for using the slot
according to the session provided and the person can
enjoy the ride since the payment will be automatically
deducted
V. CONCLUSION
Using the above procedure to build such
sophisticated model will be helpful to both mankind
and industrialization. Problems introduced due to
traffics, large number of vehicles and increasing rate
of vehicle usage is harmful for the environment and
can be overcome using the proposed model.
It is cost-efficient and is user-friendly and
can be managed from anywhere and anytime from the
location. Such implementation on the global scale can
decrease the congestion and increase the efficiency of
the environment usage.
REFERENCES
[1]R.YusitaFarizaNorbayaNorazwinawatiBashruddin
. “Intelligent parking space detection system based on
image processing”.International Journal of
Innovation, Management and Technology, 2012.
[2] D. J. Bonde, R. S. Shende, K. S. Gaikwad, A. S.
Kedari, and A. U. Bhokre ,``Automated car parking
system commanded by Android application”,Proc. Int.
Conf. Comput. Commun. Inform. (ICCCI) , 2014
[3] IoT based smart parking
system:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/75627
35/
[4] J. Rico, J. Sancho, B. Cendon, M. Camus,"Parking
easier by using context information of a smart city:
Enabling fast search and management of parking
resources",Advanced Information Networking and
Applications Workshops (WAINA) 2013 27th
International Conference on, IEEE, pp. 1380-1385,
2013, March.
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917
[5] Hamada R.H. Al-Absi Patrick Sebastian Justin
Dinesh Daniel Devaraj Yap VooiVoon. “Vision-based
automated parking system.”10th International
Conference on Information Science,Signal Processing
and their Applications (ISSPA 2010), pages 757-
760,2010.
[6] M.M. Rashid A.MusaM.Ataur Rehman
N.FarhanaA.Farhana.“Automatic parking
management system and parking fee collection based
on number plate recognition.” International Journal of
Machine Learning and Computing, 2:93-98, 2012.
[7] M.O. Reze M.F. Ismail A.A. Rokoni M.A.R.
Sarkar. “Smart parking system with image processing
facility”. I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications,
3:41-47, 2012.
[8] Intelligent Parking System using Android
Application J. Anitha1, Y. Thoyajakshi2, A.
Ramya3,V. Sravani4, Prashant Kumar ,Department of
Information Technology,Vignan’s Institute of
Information and Technology (VIIT), Visakhapatnam.
[9] S. K. Dash, S. Mohapatra, P. K. Pattnaik, "A
survey on applications of wireless sensor network
using cloud computing", International Journal of
Computer science & Engineering Technologies (E-
ISSN: 2044-6004), vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 50-55, 2010.
[10] P. Parwekar, "From Internet of Things towards
cloud of things", Computer and Communication
Technology (ICCCT) 2011 2nd International
Conference on, IEEE, pp. 329-333, 2011, September.
[11] C. Doukas, L. Capra, F. Antonelli, E. Jaupaj, A.
Tamilin, I. Carreras, "Providing generic support for
IoT and M2M for mobile devices", Computing &
Communication Technologies-Research Innovation
and Vision for the Future (RIVF) 2015 IEEE RIVF
International Conference on, IEEE, pp. 192-197, 2015,
January.
[12] M. Y. I. Idris' Y. Y. Leon' E. M. Tamil' N. M.
Noor and Z. Razak' "Car parking system: A review of
smart parking system and its technology'" Information
Technology Journal 8 (2)' 2009' pp. 101-113.
[13] M. E. Tamil' D. Salleh and M. Y. Idna' 2007.
Curtseys 1.0 "A mobile vehicle tracking system with
GPS technology'" Proceedings of the SCORED 2007'
May 14-15' UniversitiTenga Nasional' Malasiya' 2007'
pp. 1-11.
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917