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TYPES OF INTERVIEWS

One-on-one Interviews: What to Expect and How to Prepare

Typically, 30 to 90 minutes; if 30 minutes try to give brief and impactful answers
Research, rehearse, repeat! Ensure you know about the job and company you are applying to and
practice answering probable questions that will be asked about both the role and the company
Have a copy of your resume, cover letter and job posting on hand; keep in an accessible folder
Usually, will meet with interviewer at an office and sit-down face to face to answer questions
This is your opportunity to build rapport in person using positive verbal and body language
Generally - interviewer should be speaking 20% of the time; you should be speaking 80% of the time

Phone Interviews: What to Expect and How to Prepare

Typically, 10 to 30 minutes; often used to screen candidates before in-person interviews
Research the company, its current events and the department you have applied to
Do not accept phone call if out in the community/in a loud space – ask to call back the interviewer
once you are in a quiet space/distraction free zone
Make sure your phone is charged and working properly – have charger handy just in case
Have the job posting, resume, cover letter, pen and paper in front of you if possible
Notes should include bullet points about the experiences or skills you want to mention, prepare a
list of possible questions you will be asked written out ahead of time; ask what the next steps are

Video Interviews: What to Expect and How to Prepare

Typically, 30-90 minutes in length; similar to a one-on-one interview but held virtually
3 Common Video Interview Types
1. Live interview with video-call software: Skype, Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Hangouts
2. Live video interviews using a dedicated interview platform: HireVue, SparkHire, or Montage
3. Pre-recorded video interview questions (written prompts or recording of interview)
Ask for interviewer’s name, phone number and email prior to the interview in case you disconnect
Ensure that you are dressed the part – head to toe; no chewing gum or candy
Area around you should be neat and tidy and free of visual and audio distractions
Test the program being used, camera picture quality, angle and eye contact beforehand; practice
run with JVS employment counsellor, friends and family
Listen carefully and ask for clarification when necessary; take half-second before you respond
JVS: How to Ace a Video Interview Workshop
 TYPES OF INTERVIEWS (Continued)

Behavioural Interviews: What to Expect and How to Prepare

These interviews assume that past performance is a good indicator of future success at a company
Come to these interviews with examples of experiences where you highlight skills relevant to the job
Behavioural interviews will be more pointed, probing and specific than traditional interviews
In these interviews, the employer has decided what specific skills are needed for the position
The interviewer wants to know how you handled problems in the past, not how you would handle it
See page 7 for examples to behavioural based interview question and answers samples

Panel Interview: What to Expect and How to Prepare

Typically, 45-90 minutes in length; you will be interviewed by several decision makers at once
Important to maintain eye-contact with everyone and build rapport with each participant
Allows for different interpretations or perceptions of the same answers
Do your research beforehand: try to find out the name and titles of the participants
When answering questions, focus on the person who directly asked the question, but make eye
contact with the other participants from time to time while speaking

Group Interview: What to Expect and How to Prepare

Often occur when a company is hiring many people at once (retail, customer service)
Be careful to share the space so everyone can speak, while making sure your voice is still heard
Be aware of how you present: eye contact, body language, professional appearance, hygiene
Pay attention to answers of other candidates; don’t criticize others responses. Instead - provide
original answers where you can build or add upon what others said when it’s your time to speak
Successful candidates will be confident, team players, great communicators and excellent listeners

Task-Oriented Interviews: What to Expect and How to Prepare

This is a problem-solving interview where you will be given exercises to prove your technical skills
The interview could require demonstration of presentations, technical problems, case studies etc.
Relax, stay calm and treat each task/problem such as you would at work
Prepare/practice possible technical skills that will be called upon during the interview
Ask any questions to clarify what is expected of your during the task before the interview

Stress Interviews: What to Expect and How to Prepare

Designed to test your ability to think on your feet and handle pressure or adverse behaviour
Employers’ intent with these questions is to destabilize the candidate; they want to see if you can
behave professionally no matter what is happening in the workplace. Question could include:
Odd Questions: “What percentage of the Quick Fire: questions asked in a quick
Earths water is contained in a cow? succession not allowing candidate to finish
Throwing You Off Balance: “How do you Showing Contempt: “Is that all you can
like me so far?” come up with? Let’s move on.
Know who will be interviewing you, do your research beforehand about interviewers and company
Keep calm and maintain your control of the space; practice answering stress inducing questions
Don’t take it personally – this is meant to test your professionalism
 BEFORE THE INTERVIEW

It is very important you prepare and conduct company research before attending an interview. Be aware
of the format of the interview (interview types above). Be prepared to clean up your online presence;
make sure all of your social media is private and appropriate and ensure you have the all the materials
and information necessary to present your skills effectively and succeed during the interview process.

Interview Preparation Checklist

Research the Company & Location
Google interviewers (LinkedIn)
Practice interview questions and answers
Review your résumé and the job description
Prepare 2-3 questions to ask the interviewer
Typed list of references (separate sheet)
Have a professional briefcase/bag
Lay out your clothes the night before
Bring paper, a pen, and your phone/tablet
Have directions to interview on hand
Bring 3-4 copies of your resume on good
quality pieces of paper

Personal Appearance
Dress one step above what you would actually wear on the job; never wear jeans, a T-shirt, graphic
logos, baseball hats, toques or running shoes to an interview
Dress in clean clothing and shoes in neat and good condition; outfit should suit the environment
Avoid wearing too much makeup, nail polish, or jewelry. Don’t wear perfume/colognes
Pay attention to personal hygiene and grooming (check your teeth!)

Business Professional Business Causal Creative Environment

Suit or coordinated skirt or
pants with a blouse
Tailored dress
Formal shoes, closed toe
Nylons if you are wearing a
skirt/dress
May wear a suit or
coordinated skirt and
blouse
A skirt and blouse or dress
pants and a dress suit
Formal shoes; closed toe,
black
Need to be aware of the
environment and dress
norms
Ex. Skirt or pants with a
blouse that has a little
‘flare’

Scent free Minimal Jewelry

Antiperspirant Antiperspirant

Professional tie Scent free

Clean pressed dress shirt Shirt/Blouse (Pressed)

Clean suit set Suit (pants or skirt)

Dress shoes (no scuffs) Closed shoes or boots

 DURING THE INTERVIEW

When you arrive

It is important to create a good impression; the moment you step in the office your interview begins:
Always arrive to the interview location 15-20 minutes early; arrive to the actual interview 5-10
minutes prior (log on 5-10 minutes before if a virtual interview)
Relax and take deep breaths; check that you appear professional, calm and prepared
Take off your coat; and if it is winter – change out of your boots and into your shoes

It is important to be in the right place at the right time; ensure interviewers know you’ve arrived:
Introduce yourself to the receptionist and mention your appointment time
While waiting you can review interview notes quietly – turn off phone and any other devices

It is important that you come prepared and bring your energy, enthusiasm and confidence:
Always smile when greeting interviewer and use the interviewer’s name at initial meeting
Shake each person’s hand (virtual handshake if online)
Speak with confidence and enthusiasm in your voice; ensure the interview can hear you

The Introduction
A rapport between you and the interviewer is established when you first meet. Your “image” is seen first
and it is important to present yourself in a professional way without being too passive or too aggressive.

✕ Passive ✕ ✓ Assertive ✓ ✕ Aggressive ✕

EYE CONTACT Rarely looks at Maintains eye contact Stares
interviewer Occasionally looks Glares
No eye contact elsewhere
Appears to have Faces interviewer
something to hide Smiles
BODY Fidget with hands Sits upright and slightly Hands clenched
LANAGUAGE Keeps shifting in seat forward; calm Leans to far forward
Kicks leg Appears interested and invades the
Nods head too much Hands in lap or folded interviewer’s space
SPACE 3 meters away Arm’s length away Less than 1 meter
away
BEING SEATED Offered a seat and must Waits to be offered a Walks in and
be asked twice seat or askes “Where immediately sits
Sits in seat furthest away would you like me to down
from interviewer sit?” Speaks right away
DISCUSSING Gives one-word answers Speaks positively and Exaggerates self
YOURSELF Replies “yes” or “no” confidently Tends to brag
Rarely expands on Stresses qualifications Controls interview
question Prepared to elaborate Interrupts
CLOSING THE Murmurs something and Shakes interviewer’s Over shakes hand
INTERVIEW rushes out of the office hand and thank them Tries to force
Indicate you hope to immediate decision
hear from them shortly regarding hiring
 Presenting your Skills
The foundation of the interview process is presenting your skills in such a way that the interviewer can
easily see why you are a good fit for the role you have applied to.
Ability and Suitability: Can I do the job? Am I a good fit? How do my skills relate to the role?
Willingness: Will I do the job? Can I take the rough with the smooth? Will I go the extra mile?
Manageability and Teamwork: Can I work alone and with others? Can I take criticism when it is
carefully and considerately given? Can I take direction and be flexible in a crisis?
Professional Behaviour: Can I maintain a professional manner with all levels of the organization?
Resiliency and Adaptability: Can I bounce back from a tight spot? Can I learn from my mistakes?

If you are at the beginning of your career: Present your past experience and skills using stories from:
School projects (teamwork, taking initiative, creative abilities)
Volunteer work (customer service, helping others)
Customer service jobs or summer jobs (coffee shops, camp counsellor)

If you are changing careers: Present your past experience and skills by telling stories that:
Highlight skills and qualifications relevant to the job and the level you are applying to
Discuss where you worked on your own work, not where you managed people
Focus on your enthusiasm for the current job and your suitability for the role
Mention skills and experience that will help you succeed and what you’re excited to learn
* SEE PAGE 7 - FOR S.T.A.R METHOD, ALL INTERVIEW Q & A, AND ANSWERING ILLEGAL QUESTIONS*

Ending the Interview: It is always a good idea to prepare 2-3 questions to ask the interviewer:
Clarify Uncertainties:
“What does a typical day in this role look like?”
“How will I be trained? How will my performance be reviewed?”

Remove Doubts:
“What are the skills and experience you’re looking for in an ideal candidate?”
“Is there anything that concerns you about my background being a good fit for this role?”

Uncover Red Flags:

“What is the company environment and/or culture like?”
“What are the career paths in this department/industry?”

Get a View of the Future:

“Where do you see the company in the next few years?”
“What training opportunities are available to employees?”

Wrap Up the Interview:

“What are the next steps in the interviewing process?”
“Is there anything else I can produce you with that would be helpful?”

How to Prepare Questions to Ask During the Interview

 AFTER THE INTERVIEW

Once you have finished the question-and-answer component – the interview process is not done. There
are critical steps to be taken after your interview to ensure you have presented yourself in the best way.

Thank the Interviewer

Once the interview has concluded you will thank the interviewer for the time and the
opportunity in person as you exit the interviewer BUT this is not the last thank you will give
Within 24 hours you should send a follow-up thank you email to the employer where you
express strong interest in the job and let them know will be awaiting to hear about next steps
If interviewed by more than one person, write individual emails to each interviewer
Keep it short and concise; highlight the qualifications that most interested the interviewer
Email subject lines: “Thank you for your time”; “Great speaking with you”; “Following up”

Examples
Hi [Interviewer Name],
Thank you so much for meeting with me today. It was such a pleasure to learn more about the team and
position, and I’m very excited about the opportunity to join [company name] and help [bring in new
clients / develop world-class content / anything else awesome you would be doing] with your team.
I look forward to hearing from you about the next steps in the hiring process, and please do not hesitate
to contact me if I can provide additional information.
Best regards,
[Your Name]

Dear [Interviewer Name]

I am writing to thank you for your time on [date], and I would like to confirm that I am very interested in
the [job title] vacancy. I would like to take the opportunity to reiterate some of my key achievements:
Achievement 1
Achievement 2
Achievement 3
Since our meeting, I have gained further understanding of your needs and challenges, and here is how I
can help you address those:
Suggestion 1
Suggestion 2
I look forward to hearing from you shortly about the next steps in the hiring process. In the meantime,
please do not hesitate to contact me should you require any further information.
Best regards,
[Your Name]

Other Tips: After the Interview

Write down some questions you were asked and your answers to reflect upon and improve
Call/email on status after agreed upon waiting time; Follow-up within 2 weeks if no response

How to Follow Up After Applying for Jobs and Completing Interviews

 STAR METHOD

You can use the STAR Interview Method to prepare for behavioral interview questions. Using this
method, you can create a story arc that your interviewer can easily follow. Here’s how it works:

S – SITUATION: What was the challenge or situation you found yourself in? What was the context?

T – TASK: What were you trying to achieve? What was your role? (concise and informative)

A – ACTION: What steps did you take to achieve your task? Why did you do it?
Be personal – use “I” instead of “we”
Go into detail about the skills you used to accomplish the task
Steer clear of technical info, unless crucial
Explain WHAT you did, HOW you did it, and WHY you did it
R— RESULT. What was the outcome? How did it end? What did you accomplish? What did you learn?

“Describe a time you were under a lot of pressure at work. How did you react?”
S: I was working on a six-month contract for a high-value client, when our agency merged with
another, larger firm.

T: It was my role to lead the transition for my group while also communicating with our client to
keep the project on track.

A: I set up weekly check-ins with the client to give updates on the progress of the merger. This
cemented a level of trust between us. I also had regular one-on-ones with each person on the team,
both to assess how they were handling the change and to make sure we would meet our deadlines.

R: We ended up completing the project on time, meeting all of their specifications. It was incredibly
rewarding to navigate a lot of change and succeed under pressure.

“Describe a time when you provided excellent customer service.”

S: In my last job I worked as a front-line customer sales representative. I remember one incident,
when an irate customer came in stating he wanted to return a product demanding a full refund.

T: I realized that I had to get the customer away from the general public.

A: In a calm manner, I asked the customer if we can speak privately in one of our offices. This
allowed him the opportunity to vent his frustration and calm down. I listened carefully by asking
several open-ended questions. Upon discovering he had purchased the wrong product for his
needs, I made a decision to replace the product.

R: We exchanged the product, the customer apologized for his behaviour and left as a very satisfied
customer - a win-win for all parties

30 Behavioural Interview Questions You Should Be Ready to Answer

 STAR METHOD (Continued)

“Tell me about your ability to multitask in a constantly changing environment.”

S: Over a six-month period, I had to assist ABC company in two major reorganization projects. First,
the company went through a merger. Next, we moved our headquarters across town.

T: My role during the merger was to reorganize the filing system. The new filing system had to be in
place before we moved. Second, I spearheaded the move to the new headquarters. My
responsibilities included packing up the office and coordinating with the movers.

A: I had to learn the new process quickly and work under pressure according to tight deadlines. So, I
dedicated time after hours to learn the new system. I watched online tutorials and read the manuals
front to back. I paid close attention to details. For the move, I chose a moving company that had
helped other companies in our building move. I knew the company and they offered a discount.

R: The time I dedicated to learning the new filing process paid off in the end. It took me half the time
expected to put the new system in place. That allowed me to focus on moving the office. I became an
expert in the new filing system, and my supervisor chose me to teach the process to everyone else.
My choice of moving company also made the transition to the new office smooth.

Video: How to Answer Behaviour Based Questions

EXAMPLE INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Pandemic Related Interview Questions Remote Work Interview Questions
“Tell me about yourself”
Why should I hire you? Is your mind on what you can offer the company or is it on personal concerns that
may interfere with your work performance? What is your background, as it relates to the job?
Briefly touch on the following three areas; your qualifications, your experience as it relates to this
position and your attributes, including your ability to get along with others. Be prepared for further
questions from the interviewer about the interesting points you have made.
EXAMPLE: “In terms of my work experience I offer a solid (name of your field) background that includes
(give a brief qualification benefit statement).

In terms of my personal attributes, I am (mention a few of your attributes) and I enjoy this field of work.
On a personal note, I (name a physical activity or hobby or interest or volunteer activity).”

Additional Tell Me About Yourself Examples Additional Tell Me About Yourself Examples

“Why do you want to work here?”

Will you be satisfied with your job? Will you stay? What have you heard about this company?

EXAMPLE: “When I began conducted research on the company products and philosophy, I really felt
that this job opportunity is a way for me to contribute to an exciting/forward-thinking/fast-moving
company/industry, and I feel I can do so by/with my experience and skills involving….”
“Tell me about your experience with this type of work”
Can you do the job or not? What skills have you used in the past that this role will require? If you have
done this work, state where and give examples of your achievements. If you have done related work or
had related training, say so and stress your transferable skills.

EXAMPLE: “I have all of the skills and experience that you’re looking for and I’m confident that I would
be a superstar in this role. It’s not just my background leading successful projects for top companies or
my people skills, which have helped me develop great relationships with internal and external
stakeholders alike. I’m also passionate about this industry and I’m driven to deliver high-quality work.”

“What are your long-term goals?”

When interviewers ask you to project your career into the future, give a bland reply. Say you see yourself
in the same company in a position of greater responsibility. Be brief. Talking about the future isn’t as
productive as talking about the present and why you’re a good candidate for this position. Stress that
you value the company’s goals and that you hope to become a valuable employee there. Perhaps discuss
plans for continued learning and interests in related areas.

EXAMPLE: “My career plans are that I want to get ahead. In a couple of years, I hope to become a
thorough professional with a clear understanding of the company, industry, and where the biggest
challenges, and therefore opportunities, lie. By that time, my goals for the future should be more
sharply defined.”

EXAMPLE: “Actually, I’d like to do the best job I can possibly do in the position we’re talking about right
now. I know that if I do a great job, good things will happen to me later. They always have.”

EXAMPLE: “I’d really like to settle down with a company, such as yours. I take direction well, and love to
learn. As long as I am growing professionally, there is no reason for me to make a move. My first
priority, however, is to prove myself in this position.”

EXAMPLE: “Right now, I’m looking for a position in a company with a solid track record. I want to
contribute to a team, bring my extensive experience to the team mix. Long term goals will depend on
the career path available at the company. Ideally, I would like to move progressively within a company”.

“What contributions did you make to your last company?”

Use an example, which illustrates the connection between what you did at your last place of employment
and the needs of this employer. This should be something that would not have been accomplished at the
company if you had not been in your role. Relate your contribution to something you can do at the
company you are applying to and end on a positive note.

EXAMPLE: “I feel really good about what I accomplished there. I utilized my unique visioning ability to
contribute to your company. Many of the projects I completed are related to this company’s current
goals, including ___________. For example, I helped improve _________ at a previous company by over
____%. My background, organizational and communication skills will help to facilitate that growth.”
“What are your greatest strengths?”
How confident are you, what do you see as your skills, can you present yourself confidently in public?
This is a very standard question and is your biggest opening to market your skills and your
accomplishments. These should include both job-related and inter-personal skills. Reinforce your
strengths with examples.

EXAMPLE: “My greatest strength is attention to detail. I’ve always been detail-oriented in my work, and
it’s something I enjoy. I saw on your job description that this role involves a lot of detail-oriented work,
which is one reason I applied.”

EXAMPLE: “I have a solid work ethic. When I'm working on a project, I don't just want to meet
deadlines. Rather, I prefer to complete the project well ahead of schedule. Last year, I even earned a
bonus for completing my three most recent reports one week ahead of time.”

EXAMPLE: “I pride myself on my customer service skills and my ability to resolve potentially difficult
situations. With five years' experience as a customer service associate, I have learned to understand and
resolve customer issues effectively. On a related note, I also have strong communication skills, which
help me to work well with customers, team members, and executives. I am known for being an effective
team member with a talent for giving presentations.”

Additional Greatest Strengths Examples

“How do you define success?”

This is not the time for deep introspection, nor is it appropriate to answer from solely a self-centered
perspective. Try to tie personal goals to corporate ones.

EXAMPLE: “To me success is accomplishing each day’s work on time and on target so that the goals of
the company can be me. I attribute my success to 3 reasons: I’ve always received support from my co-
workers; I take pride in my work and the contribution to the company; and finally, every job has its
problems, but there are always cost and time effective solutions.”

“Can you work under pressure? How do you handle pressure or tension?”
Are you adaptable or flexible when you’re in a crunch? Are you able to handle stress and consistently
support the team during busy periods? This question is seeking to understand your ability to stay
professional, calm and productive through the highs and lows.

EXAMPLE: “Yes, I usually find it stimulating and challenging. However, I believe in planning and proper
management of my time to reduce panic deadlines within my area of responsibility. Tension is caused
when you let things pile up. Letting other areas of responsibility slip by for an extended period usually
causes it. You may procrastinate. I’ve seen lots of people do things like that – a task seems so
overwhelming they don’t know where to begin. I find that if you break those overwhelming tasks into
little pieces, they aren’t so overwhelming anymore. So, I suppose I don’t so much handle tension as
handle the causes of it, by not letting things slip and managing my time.”
“What is your greatest accomplishment / What are you most proud of?”
Use the STAR format mentioned on page 7 to talk about the challenges and results you have
experienced. Use numbers/ percentages, and the testimony of others if you can. Then, you could
conclude by saying, “But I believe my greatest accomplishments are still ahead of me.”

S: “I think my greatest accomplishment was during my last job as an HR administrator. The hiring
department had difficulty locating specific files and managing documents, especially during busy
periods, and this ate up too much time.”

T: “So, I thought there was room for improvement with employee file management. I wanted to
increase productivity and efficiency, and in the end, save time spent on looking for documents.”

A: “I decided to take initiative and implement a new team HR document management software. One
that could also centralize file management within the department, streamline onboarding, and also help
with other small tasks (like bulk document importing, automated backfile conversions and so on).”

R “In the end, our timesheets indicated that the time spent looking for files and documents had been
reduced by 5-10 hours. There was no more lag-time between sharing documents with HR, Payroll, and
supervisors. Each team or individual could instantly access the files they needed in one HR filing system,
and increase their overall productivity.”

“How do you feel about overtime shifts?”

Are you a nine to five kind of person? Will your family responsibilities make it so that you can’t be asked
to do any overtime? Are you flexible and will you be committed to putting your “all” into the job?
Emphasize your flexibility, past instances where you have done over and above the expected amount of
work and clarify how much overtime is expected.

EXAMPLE: “If there is an urgent need or an emergency, I'll definitely work whatever shifts you need; the
company's growth and success are mine as well. I consider the organization and my coworkers to be my
family, and if they need me, I'll be there.”

EXAMPLE: “I have been working night shifts for the past six months. I am used to do it, and I would not
mind doing it, if necessary. In fact, I do not prefer night shifts, but I understand it is a part of a job, and I
am ready to take it.”

EXAMPLE: “Night and weekends are the only time I can spend with my family, and that's very important
to me. But in the case of an urgent situation, if you need me then I will definitely be available”

“Do you prefer working with others or alone?”

This question can be used to determine whether you are a team player. However, before answering be
sure you know whether the job requires you to work alone. Then answer appropriately.

EXAMPLE: “I’m quite happy working alone when necessary. I don’t need much constant reassurance.
But I prefer to work in a group – so much more gets achieved when people pull together.”
 Challenging Questions

“Describe a difficult problem you’ve had to deal with.”

This is a moment for you to showcase skills relevant to the job and how you are able to use them to
provide solutions. Think of an example of a problem you encountered, dealt with and solved with success
from your past experience that would likely happen in the role you are applying for.

EXAMPLE: “Well, I always follow a five-step format with a difficult problem.

One, I stand back and examine the problem.
Two, I recognize the problem as the symptom of other, perhaps hidden, factors.
Three, I make a list of possible solutions to the problem.
Four, I weigh both the consequences and cost of each solution, and determine the best solution.
Five, I go to my boss, outline the problem, make my recommendation, and ask for my supervisor’s
advice and approval.”

“What did you dislike about your last job?”

The interviewer is looking for incompatibilities. Criticizing a prior employer is a warning flag that you
could be a problem employee. No one intentionally hires trouble. Keep your answer short and positive.
You might even say that your company taught you the importance of certain keys from the business,
achievement, or professional profile.

EXAMPLE: “I really liked everything about the job. The reason I want to leave it is to find a position
where I can make a greater contribution.”

If you’re going to mention a negative, it’s best to mention a negative you managed to improve upon
because such as example stresses your initiative and problem-solving abilities.

EXAMPLE: “I didn’t always like having to crisis manage and work overtime to meet deadlines. I like to
see my work done on time and with the least amount of stress. During my first year at ABC Co. I got the
work done, but I never had time to do the thoughtful planning and scheduling necessary to meet those
deadlines. I developed a new planning and scheduling system that enabled our division to meet all our
deadlines with minimal crisis management. This saved the company $$$ in overtime and morale
increased tremendously.”

“Why did you leave your last job?”

Are you going to bring me headaches? Do you have trouble getting along with people? Were you fired
or did you quit? Did you have difficulties in your last role, which may affect your ability to do this job?

Try to discuss the reasons honestly, but in a light that is favourable to you. Always avoid saying anything
critical about previous managers or places of employment. If possible, avoid disclosing that you were
fired and if you were fired stress any reasons that are not personal, e.g. the job was not sufficiently
oriented to your abilities, there was a re-organization. Emphasize that you feel the job you are being
interviewed for differs in these problem areas.
Why did you leave your last job?” (Continued)
It is important to work things out with your past employers so that they give you positive references. If
an interviewer thinks you were fired, they will likely call your last employer to find out what actually
happened.

Reasons for leaving your last job: If you left on good terms:
For business reasons:
The company went out of business
Our department was moved to another province
There was new ownership with a change of staff
The company was down-sized due to merger/economy/other
It was seasonal work/ hours were reduced or the contract ended
There was a change in government/municipal/company policy

For personal reasons:

To look after the family
To attend a one-time medical matter that is now taken care of
To re-assess my career
To find a position that required less travel time and time away from my family
I moved

Reasons for leaving your last job: If you left on bad terms:
There was a company reorganization and my job description changed
We just didn’t see eye to eye
It was time for a change
I did a career evaluation and realized that the position I am applying for is really where I should
be at this point in time
The company was taking a new direction and this offered an opportunity to re-evaluate my own
career goals and development

“Have you ever been fired?”

If you were laid off as part of general workforce reduction, be straightforward and move on to the next
topic as quickly as possible.

If you have been terminated with cause/ fired the first thing to do is to call the person who fired you, find
out why it happened, and learn what they would say about you today.

Step 1: Your aim is to clear the air, so whatever you do, don’t be antagonistic. Reintroduce yourself;
explain that you are looking for a new job. Say that you appreciate that the manager had to do what was
done, and that you learned from the experience.

Step 2: Then ask, “If you were asked as part of a pre- or post-employment check, how would you
describe my leaving the company? Would you say that I was fired or that I simply resigned? You see,
every time I tell someone about my termination, there goes another chance of getting another
paycheck!”
“Have you ever been fired?” (Continued)
Step 3: Whatever you do, don’t advertise the fact you were fired. If you are asked, be honest, but make
sure you have packaged the reason in the best possible light. Explain the circumstances in as positive a
manner as possible, without being negative toward your former employer.

EXAMPLE: “I’m sorry to say, but I deserved it. I was having some personal problems at the time, and I let
them affect my work. I was late to work and lost my motivation. My supervisor had directions to trim
the workforce anyway, and as I was hired only a couple of years ago, I was one of the first to go.” If one
your past managers will speak well of you, there is nothing to lose and everything to gain by finishing
with: “Jane Smith, at the company, would be a good person to check for a reference on what I have told
you.”

EXAMPLE: “I was let go after meeting with my employer over several unresolved issues. We both
thought it best that we part company rather than continue in what was becoming a difficult situation for
both of us. In looking back, I realize I was less willing to listen and compromise. If I were doing it over
today, I would have worked more closely with my supervisor and attempted to better understand his
point of view rather than try to persuade him to adopt my proposals. I learned a great deal from this
experience and know I’m better for having left that job.”

EXAMPLE: “I made a mistake in judgment and was fired. I’m not proud of what I did and was hard on
myself about the mistake, but I also learned a lot from the incident. There is no point in holding onto the
past. I will be more careful about my actions in the future. I am ready for a second chance and know that
I will be a better employee because of this experience.”

“What are your weaknesses?”

Can you be honest about your shortcomings? How much training are you going to need, what are your
problem areas going to be? It is important to be honest, but to turn this question around so that you are
responding with weaknesses that will not interfere with your ability to do the job. Do not describe
anything that would imply that you are not able to do aspects of the job. If there is a minor part of the
job at hand where you lack knowledge – but knowledge you will obviously pick up quickly, use that.

EXAMPLE: “I haven’t worked with this type of spreadsheet program before, but given my experience
with 6 other similar types, I don’t think it should take me more than a couple of days to pick it up.”

You may want to design an answer so that your weakness is ultimately a positive characteristic.

EXAMPLE: “I enjoy my work and always give each project my full attention. So, when sometimes I don’t
feel others are pulling their weight, I find it a little frustrating. I am aware of that weakness, and in those
situations, I try to overcome it with a positive attitude that has already begun to catch on.”

Also consider the technique of putting a problem in the past. Here you take a weakness from way back
when, and show how you overcame it.

EXAMPLE: “One of my weaknesses was to take on too many projects with too little time to complete
any to my satisfaction. I’ve learned to prioritize and set more realistic goals. As a result, I’m much more
focused and productive in both my professional and personal lives.”
“What are your weaknesses?” (Continued)
EXAMPLE: “When I first got into this field, I always had problems with paperwork, leaving an adequate
paper trail. And to be honest, I let it slip once or twice. My manager sat me down and explained the
potential troubles such behaviour could cause. I really took it to heart, and I think you will find my paper
trails some of the best around today. You only have to tell me something once.”

Other suggested weaknesses to use with some customization!

EXAMPLE: “I feel my presentation skill is not as strong as I want. While I’m very confident of my overall
communication skills, which are great, I certainly want to practice more on making presentations to
large audience.” (I have had to give presentations to both large and small groups and have always
received very positive feedback and comments.”)

EXAMPLE: “Weaknesses are not something I dwell on. I know I could be more patient when working with
people who don’t work at the same pace as I do. What I have found helpful is that by helping members of
the team who are having problems, I can move projects forward instead of being frustrated.”

EXAMPLE: “I used to have trouble with procrastinating; now I have learned to write down a list of things
that I need to do, and keep a calendar to keep track of deadlines. I have found that this not only helps
me to finish things on time, but it has also helped me to be more organized. I make sure I answer my
emails and messages straight away and update my calendar as soon as I have a new task”

EXAMPLE: “In the past, when I was just starting out in my career, I had been reluctant to delegate. But
this sometimes backfired because I'd end up with more than I could handle and the quality of my work
would suffer. I came to see that teamwork and capitalizing on everyone's strengths is a much more
effective way to get the job done than trying to do it all myself.”

EXAMPLE: “I used to wait until the last minute to set appointments for the coming week, but I realized
that scheduling in advance makes much more sense.”

EXAMPLE: "I am very detail-oriented and in some industries that may not be a good fit. But for this
accounting position, I think this trait truly will help me excel."

EXAMPLE: “I’m graduating from college this year. Some employers may regard the lack of experience as
my weakness. That's true, but I also want to point out, on one hand, my internship projects and some
academic projects prove that I can learn very quickly and make real contribution to the team. On the
other hand, this is actually one reason why I’m very interested in the position at Company A. Because
you are famous for your training programs and excellent career development prospects, if I'm offered
the opportunity, it will be terrific for me to acquire the experience and develop my career.”

Video: What is Your Greatest Weakness Sample Answer

“Describe a situation where your work or idea was criticized”

A doubly dangerous question. You are being asked to say how you handle criticism and to detail your
faults. What does matter is how the interviewer would like you to handle criticism, if and when it
becomes his/her unpleasant duty to dish it out; that’s what the question is really about. So, relate one of
those it-seemed-like-a-good-idea-at-the time ideas, and finish with how you handled the criticism.
“Describe a situation where your work or idea was criticized” (Continued)
EXAMPLE: “I listened carefully and resisted the urge to interrupt or defend myself. Then I fed back what
I heard to make sure the facts were straight. I asked for advice, we bounced ideas around, then I came
back later and represented the idea in a more viable format. My manager’s input was invaluable.”

EXAMPLE: “I value constructive criticism because it helps me do a better job. I’m a good listener who
takes criticism seriously. If it’s justified, I try to make the necessary changes. When it’s unjustified, I
probe the nature of the problem with questions. I’ve never really had a problem with criticism since I try
to maintain open communication on the job. This enables me to deal with many problems before they
become subjects for criticism.”

“What kinds of person do you find difficult to work with? How do you successfully work with them?
Employers know that there is a chance for certain colleagues not to get along in certain aspects at work.,
it is important that they know you are able to professionally work with all individuals of a team, even
when you may disagree. Providing examples from your past experience can demonstrate this ability well.

EXAMPLE: “People who don’t follow procedures, or slackers – someone who doesn’t really care about
the quality of their work. They’re long on complaints but short on solutions. I stand my ground, while
keeping enthusiastic, and hope some of it will rub off. I’ve noticed that such people simply lack
enthusiasm or confidence, and that energetic and cheerful coworkers can often change that.”

“Describe a time when you had a conflict with a co-worker/supervisor. How did you handle it?”
How honest are you willing to be? What are your interpersonal skills? How will you deal with people in
this position? The employer wants to hear that you addressed the problem directly with your co-worker
rather than going to a supervisor for help. They will want to hear that you dealt with the problem as
soon as it came up in private, in a professional manner away from customers and clients.

EXAMPLE: “When facing conflict in the workplace I always maintain calm when addressing the situation.
I make sure I express myself clearly while also listening to the other sides point of view. Usually, through
this method the results are brainstorming, negotiating and/or finding and compromise.”

“I am not sure you’re suitable for the job”

Don’t worry. The interviewer’s “I’m not sure” really means, I’d like to hire you, so here’s an opportunity
to sell me on yourself. Remain calm and put the ball straight back into the interviewer’s court.

EXAMPLE: “Why do you say that?”

It’s important to show you are not intimidated. Work out a program of action for this question; even if
the interviewer’s point regarding your skills is valid, come back with value keys and alternative
compatible skills.
“What salary do you expect?”
Be prepared and do your research about current salaries. Respond with a reasonable range, such as: I
understand that this position would normally pay between 35,000 – 45,000. If you wish to show your
eagerness for the position, you may add, “But I’m flexible.”

EXAMPLE: Or you could answer a question with a question by asking: “What do you normally pay a
person at this level?” Or “What would be the salary range for someone with my experience and skills?
“However, the interviewer may want you to commit to a range.

EXAMPLE: Or you could put yourself above the money: “I’m looking for a job and a company to call
home. If I am the right person for you, I’m sure you’ll make me a fair offer. What is the salary range for
the position?”

EXAMPLE: Or you could give a vague answer: The most important things to me are the job itself and the
company. What is the salary range for the position?”

EXAMPLE: “I naturally want to make as much as my background and skills will allow. If I am right for the
job, and I think my credentials demonstrate that I am, I am sure you will make me a fair offer. What
figure do you have in mind?”

EXAMPLE: “I’m negotiable and ready to discuss an amount which is fair to both of us and takes into
account my responsibilities and qualifications.

EXAMPLE: I’m open to a reasonable offer. It’s not just the salary that is important to me, but also the
company and the job itself.”

EXAMPLE: “Salary will not be a problem. But I’m not exactly sure what the job is, so maybe we can talk
about that more. I’m very flexible, and I’m sure that when we come to some agreement on the job, we
can work out the salary.”

EXAMPLE: “I’m being paid very well, and I’m worth it. But I’m very interested in your company and I’m
willing to make an investment in this if you are. As far as I’m concerned, salary won’t be a problem.”

EXAMPLE: “My salary is very low, only $20,000, and I know that’s dramatically below market rates. But I
was willing to do that as an investment in my future. Now, however, I expect to make market rates.”

You should name your salary only as a last resort. You are being sensible to talk about the job first and
the salary later. However, some managers cannot deal that way, so you have to be prepared in case you
are forced to discuss salary prematurely.

Negotiating Salary Resources

Working in Canada PayScale
Labour Market Research Glassdoor
 ILLEGAL QUESTIONS

If you are asked an illegal question it is important not only to know your rights but also to be able to
respond to the question with dignity and assertiveness. If it is an employer you want to work for,
indicate a willingness to demonstrate your suitability for the job without compromising your rights.

You have four options if you are asked an illegal question:

1. You can answer the question - you’re free to do so, if you wish. However, if you choose to
answer an illegal question, remember that you are giving information that isn’t related to the
job; in fact, you might be giving the “wrong” answer, which could harm your chances of getting
the job.

2. You can refuse to answer the question, which is well within your rights. Unfortunately
depending on how you phrase your refusal, you run the risk of coming off as uncooperative or
confrontational – hardly words an employer would use to describe the “ideal” candidate.

3. You can examine the question for its intent and respond with an answer as it might apply to
the job. For example, the interviewer asks, “Are you a Canadian citizen?” or “What country are
you from?” You’ve been asked an illegal question. You could respond, however, with “I am
authorized to work in Canada.” Similarly, let’s say the interviewer asks “Who is going to take
care of your children when you have to travel for the job? You might answer, “I can meet the
travel and work schedule that this job requires.”

4. If you cannot see the intent behind the question, then ask “Can you please tell me how this is
related to my ability to fill the position?” Most (if not all) interviewers will reword the question
as it relates to the position.
EXAMPLES

“Could you tell me how my (age, marital status, place of birth, religion, etc.) might have any bearing on
the job I am applying for?”
Or
“That’s an interesting question. I’d be happy to answer it if you could tell me why you need to know.”
Or
“Could you please tell me why might be asking this question?”

If the employer does not mention a topic but you feel it could be an unstated concern, you may want to
tactfully bring the subject out into the open and put doubts to rest.

Thank you for Attending the Interview Skills Workshop. Feel free to refer to this handout throughout
your job search and interview processes. Good luck!