Behnaz Motamed

September 2021

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 1

Control, monitoring and shutdown
systems are designed at the earliest
phase of the project by basic or
licensor designer.

As the process moves through project

life cycle, the systems may be
developed.

Definitions presented here, may differ

from one project to another as they
are defined by Clients and standards
in each project; anyway, the concept
represented here is the same.

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 2

There are some systems for control, monitoring and shutdown of
the plan. They will be related to each other through suitable
communication. This collection will be composed of major sub-
systems. In general systems can be classified as:

o Control System
o Safety System

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 3

Another classification is:
o Process/distributed control system (PCS/DCS)
o Emergency shutdown, depressurization and ultimate safety
systems(ESD/EDP/USS)
o Fire & gas detection and alarm system (F&G)
o Package units, and PLC based package units (CMS, BMS, MMS,...)
o Other systems

Sometimes Process Control System (DCS) and Emergency Shutdown

System (ESD), are integrated as Integrated Control and Safety System)
(ICSS).

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 4

Package units, and PLC based package units (CMS, BMS, MMS,...) is divided
into three types:
 Stand-alone package, controlled by own control system (Local
Control Panel (LPC) and has no interface (or very limited) with
DCS, ESD and F&G systems
 Package remotely controlled by the DCS and ESD/F&G systems
 Packaged unit fully controlled by the package control cabinet (UCP)
located remotely in the Instrument Technical Room (ITR). The
package UCP is connected to the PCS/DCS, ESD and F&G systems,
for monitoring, control functions and shutdowns
The ESD activation of packages shall be implemented in the Plant
ESD system.

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 5

 o Control System
o Safety System

The normal control & monitoring system is done via a Distributed Control
System (DCS). This system controls the process to produce a good quality
product (on-spec product) and keeps all process variables within its safety
limit. This system is including:

o Process control loops

o Process interlocks
o Process monitoring
o Alarms
o Switches and push buttons
o Packages connected to DCS (BMS, MMS, …)

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 6

 o Control System
o Safety System

Process safety system of a plant is designed to protect personnel, equipment

and environment in case of abnormal, unsafe or emergency conditions.
These actions are done via an Emergency Shutdown Systems (ESD).
This system is including:

o Emergency shutdown and depressurization system (ESD/EDP)

o Fire & gas detection and alarm system (F&G)
o Package UCP connected to ESD/EDP/F&G (BMS, MMS, …)

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 7

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 8
The process safety system shall be independent of and in addition to the
process control devices used in normal process operation. It means protection
measures have different functions from control algorithms.

Process safety systems documentation

The design of the safety system shall be documented, including but not
limited to:
o Specifications and philosophies
o Cause and effect matrix (ESD/EDP matrix, interlock
matrix/description)
o Alarms and trips set-point list
o Diagrams (such as ESD hierarchy diagram, safeguard diagram, logic
diagram)
o Study report (such as SIL study, depressurizing study)

Behnaz Motamed, Control & Shutdown Definitions, Rev.00, Sep. 2021 9