Unit 11 – Maths for Computing

2. PRELIMINARY LESSONS

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2. Preliminary Lessons

2.1 Numbers
2.2 Number Systems
2.3 Algebra

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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= 0.5 − 𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
2

1
= 0.3333 … = 0. 3ሶ − 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
3

ሶ 3ሶ − 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟

1.413413413 … = 1. 41

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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𝜋 = 3.142 … − 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
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2 = 1.414 … − 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟

3 = 1.732 … − 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑜𝑛 − 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

1 = 1.0 , −1 = −1 . 0 , 0 = 0.0 − 𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟s

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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 2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

Positive Integers with Zero. Integers ≥ 0 Negative Integers. Integers < 0

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 2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

Positive Integers with Zero. Integers ≥ 0 Negative Integers. Integers < 0

Integers > 0

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

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 2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 − ℝ

𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 − ℚ

𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 − ℤ

𝑊ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 − W 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑍𝑒𝑟𝑜 − ℤ0+

𝑁𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 − ℕ 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 − ℤ+

𝑁𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 − ℤ−

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers
Special Types of Numbers
▪ Odd and Even Numbers
▪ Odd Numbers – Numbers that are not divisible by 2. Always the remainder is 1.
Ex : 1,3,5,7,9, …
▪ Even Numbers – Numbers that are divisible by 2. Always the remainder is 0.
Ex : 2,4,6,8,10, …

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

Special Types of Numbers

▪ Squared Numbers
▪ Numbers that are created by squaring a number.
Ex :
12 = 1x1 = 1 (-1)2 = (-1)x(-1) = 1
22 = 2x2 = 4 (-2)2 = (-2)x(-2) = 4
52 = 5x5 = 25 (-5)2 = (-5)x(-5) = 25
102 = 10x10 = 100 (-10)2 = (-10)x(-10) = 100

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers

Special Types of Numbers

▪ Prime Numbers
▪ Numbers that are only divisible by 1 and itself.
Ex :
2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19, …

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.2 The Number Line

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 2.1 Numbers
2.1.3 BODMAS Theory

▪ Order of Mathematical Operations

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.3 BODMAS Theory

Examples

i.) 4 - 3 + 6 x 1
ii.) 4 - (3 + 6) x 1
iii.) 8 ÷ 2 + 10 ÷ 5
iv.) 5 + (21 - 3) ÷ 6 x 3
v.) 22 + 6 – 4 ÷ 2
vi.) { 8 - [5 + (4 x 2)] } + 6

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.3 BODMAS Theory

Examples

i.) 4 - 3 + 6 x 1 ii.) 4 - (3 + 6) x 1
=4-3+6 =4-9x1
=1+6 =4-9
=7 = (-5)

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.3 BODMAS Theory

Examples

iii.) 8 ÷ 2 + 10 ÷ 5 iv.) 5 + (21 - 3) ÷ 6 x 3

= 4 + 10 ÷ 5 = 5 + 18 ÷ 6 x 3
=4+2 =5+3x3
=6 =5+9
= 14

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2.1 Numbers
2.1.3 BODMAS Theory

Examples

v.) 22 + 6 – 4 ÷ 2 vi.) { 8 - [5 + (4 x 2)] } + 6

=4+6–4÷2 = { 8 - [5 + 8] } + 6
=4+6-2 = { 8 - 13} + 6
= 10 - 2 = (-5) + 6
=8 =1

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Summary
2. Preliminary Lessons
2.1 Numbers
2.1.1 Types of Numbers
2.1.2 The Number Line
2.1.3 BODMAS Theory

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END OF THE SESSION

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