NR- New Radio

5G Introduction

•Introduce in 3GPP release 15

•5G used cases as follow:
1. Enhanced Mobility Broadband(eMBB)
2. Ultra reliable and low latency communication(URLLC)
3. Massive Machine type communication
• RAN belonging to 5G is known as NR-New Radio
• NR has been standardise to allow tight interworking with LTE. The Interworking is supported by
the base station of LTE and NR in same NW. 5G arch. Based on LTE & NR are know as non-stand
alone.
• Non-Standalone architecture(NSA) allow re-use of the existing LTE Base station and existing 4G
core networks. It make a simple transition towards a complete end-to-end 5G system
• Standalone(SA) NR base station provide connectivity to 5G core network. The combination of NR
Base station and 5G core network is known as 5G system(5GS).
5G USE CASES
5G Architecture
 5G Deployment
•A ‘classical’ Base station architecture can be adopted to keep the hardware within a single
cabinet.
• Base station can split into a central unit(CU) and a distributed unit(DU). The CU accommodate
the higher protocol stack layer, while the DU accommodate the lower protocol stack layer. A
single CU can host large number of DU(typically>100), while each DU can host multiple
cell(typically>6).
•In addition, CU can split into control Plane(CP) and User plane(UP) functions. This allow
independent scaling of CP & UP processing capabilities. It also allows the two functions to be
deployed at deferent geographic locations.
•UP functions may be located in close proximity to the DU to help reduce user plane latency,
while CP functions may be centralised to pool resources.
•All the deployment options can use active or passive ANT. Usually Passive ANT are connected to
radio modules using RF feeder cables whereas Active ANT are connected to baseband processing
hardware using high speed fibre.
5G Deployment
 Advancements in 5G vs LTE
•Congestion within the lower operating bands, combined with a requirement for wider channel bandwidth
has led to the specification of both low and high operating bands for 5G.
•Release 15 has adopted the use for frequency range FR-1 (450 MHz to 6GHz) and frequency range FR-2
(24.25GHz to 52.60GHz). FR1 supports channel bandwidths from 5 to 100MHz, whereas FR-2 supports
channel Bandwidth from 50 to 400 MHz.
•FR1 includes operating bands which support FDD,TDD,SDL(Supplemental Downlink) & SUL (supplemental
uplink) where as FR-2 supports only TDD.
•Subcarrier Spacing of 15,30 & 60 KHz are supported within FR-1 while Subcarrier spacing of 60,120
& 240 KHz are supported FR-2.
•Smaller subcarrier spacing have longer symbol durations which allows support for larger cell ranges. Larger
subcarrier spacing shorter symbol durations which allows support for lower latencies.
•Beam forming and MIMO are important for both uplink and downlink of the NR air-interface. These can be
combined within the context of massive MIMO(mMIMO). Beam forming is particular important to improve
the link budget when using frequency range 2. Multi-user MIMO can be used tp improve the spectrum
efficiency when UE have sufficient spatial separation.
•Both 4G and 5G have been designed to support packet switched(PS) services.4G support the speech
serving using Voice over LTE(VoLTE), whereas 5G support the speech serving using Voice over NR(VoNR). 4G
Network support single radios voice call continuity(SRVCC) to allow inter-system handover towards the
circuit switch (CS)domain belonging to either 3G or 2G. Release 15 does not support SRVCC for 5G But
packet switched inter-system handovers from 5G to 4G are possible. SRVCC from 5G to 3G is specified in
REL-16.
Glimpse of Advancement
Thank You