Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MWSIP - NWPCP - Tranches 1 and 2
MWSIP - NWPCP - Tranches 1 and 2
MWSIP - NWPCP - Tranches 1 and 2
Prepared by Ministry of Irrigation with the assistance of Program Management, Design and
Supervision Consultant (Joint Venture Tractebel Engineering GmbH – GeoConsult ZT GmbH) for
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and the Asian Development Bank.
This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein
do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may
be preliminary in nature.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation
of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian
Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any
territory or area.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT, DESIGN AND SUPERVISION CONSULTANT
Ministry of Irrigation
Sri Lanka
August 2022
Final Report
Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program SAEMR No. 11 for NWPCP
January to June 2022
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identified on the cover sheet for the purpose for which it has been prepared. Tractebel Engineering
GmbH undertakes no duty, nor accepts any responsibility, to any third party who may wish to rely upon
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ABBREVIATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1
3.1 Organizational set up for NWPCP Environmental Monitoring & Reporting .................... 10
3.4 Health & Safety Highlights for the Reporting Period ....................................................... 24
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1: Overall physical progress of NWPCP-ICB-1 as of end June 2022 ................................ 3
Figure 1-2: Overall package progress of NWPCP-ICB-2 as of end June 2022 ............................... 4
Figure 3-2: Photographic Records of NWPCP-ICB-1 area by end June 2022 .............................. 23
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1: Identified Scope changes related to NWPCP-NCB-1, NWPCP-ICB-1 and NWPCP-ICB-
2 ................................................................................................................................................. 9
Table 3-1: Joint inspections, key meetings, stakeholder consultations and trainings attended by
the environmental team of PMDSC, PIU and PMU related to NWPCP. ................................. 11
Table 3-3: Environmental compliance monitoring records for the reporting period (NWPCP-ICB-2)
................................................................................................................................................. 16
Table 3-4: Monitoring findings and key environmental issues recorded under NWPCP-ICB-1 ..... 21
Table 3-5: H&S Highlights related to NWPCP during the reporting period .................................... 24
LIST OF ANNEXES
Annex 1: List of Approvals Obtained During the Reporting Period
Annex 2: Public Grievances Recorded by The NWPCP-ICB-1 & ICB-2 Contract
Annex 3: Summary of Conclusion of Groundwater Monitoring
Annex 4: Draft Site Restoration Plan –NWPCP-ICB-2
1 INTRODUCTION
2. The purpose of this report is to monitor whether the Project is implemented with due concern
for environmental and social safeguards according to the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS,
2009) and specifically to ensure that these issues are adequately addressed in compliance with the
requirements of ADB. Further, this report is to assess the progress with implementation of the program
in complying with the approved Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), 3 including: (i) the Addendum
to the EIA: NWPCP Tranche 1 packages (May 2017) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
as per the stipulation No. 14.3 of the EIA approval No. 08/EIA/WATER/07/2012 issued by CEA of 23
February 2016;(ii) renewed approval by CEA on 21.02.22 by letter Ref. Ref.08/EIA/Water/07/2012/Vol
IV, which is valid until 22 February 2025; and (iii) approval for the addendum (Ref.08/EIA/Water/
07/2012/Vol 2 dated 11 April 2018).
3. This SAEMR is prepared addressing the following aspects, based on the available information
as at the end of the monitoring period (June 2022):
(i) Background/ context of the monitoring report (information on the project, including physical
progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitor-
ing requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon with ADB).
(ii) Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures.
(iii) Environment Qualitative monitoring data.
(iv) Monitoring results compared against previously established benchmarks and compliance
status (e.g., obtaining necessary approvals for establishment of certain facilities, national
environmental emission, and ambient standards and/or standards set out in the Environ-
mental Health and Safety (EHS) guidelines; timeliness and adequacy of environmental miti-
gation measures; and training, capacity building, etc.).
(v) Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities.
(vi) Identification of key issues, or grievances from affected people, or recommendations for im-
provement.
(vii) Proposed items of focus for the next reporting period and due date.
4. There were no major gaps were identified other than the general project induced impacts in the
NWPCP area, and hence there was no requirement of preparing a “Corrective Action Plan” (CAP)
during the reporting period.
5. This SAEMR No.11 for NWPCP is prepared by the Environmental Specialist (ES) of the
PMDSC based on the monthly monitoring and progress reports received from the Environmental
1
Paragraph 60 of Facility Administration Manual (FAM), June 2015 prepared by MMDE.
2 Paragraph 111 of Environmental Assessment Review Framework (EARF) November 2014 (updated in
June 2017) by MMDE.
3 Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR) dated June 2015 and approved by CEA on 31.03.2016.
Monitoring Specialist (EMS) of PMDSC and information extracted from the Contractors’ monthly
progress reports.
6. There are three separate construction packages in the NWPCP that have been awarded so
far. Two active packages where construction is ongoing – NWPCP-ICB-1 and NWPCP-ICB-2 are
scheduled for completion in 2024 and 2023, respectively. NWPCP-NCB-1 is almost completed. The
summary of the NWPCP active packages is given in the Table 1-1.
Commencement
Date 29 December 2016 31 March 2021 01 November 2018
Original Comple-
tion Date 27 December 2018 31 March 2024 06 May 2021
Updated Comple-
tion Date (deter-
28 May 2021
mined Extension of Unchanged to date 24 September 2022
(EOT granted)
Time to date)
Engineer’s Fore-
cast Completion
31 January 2022 Unchanged to date 30 September 2023
Date
1.2.1 NWPCP-NCB-1
7. The scope of the NWPCP-NCB-1 package comprises improvements to the existing Wemedilla
Left Bank Main Canal up to Nabadagahawatta (0 km to 5+250 km) and construction of a new sluice
and tail canal (0 km to 0+600 km).
8. The contract period with awarded Extension of Time (EoT) expired on 28 May 2021. The overall
construction physical progress was recorded as 100%. However, some rectification work remaining
which is to be completed during defect liability period.
1.2.2 NWPCP-ICB-1
10. The baseline construction program for NWPCP-ICB-1 was approved in August 2021. Physical
progress was recorded as 2.4% by end of June 2022 as per Construction Program Revision 1 (45.4%
planned progress as per original program). Work has been stopped by the Contractor and physical
progress has dropped. Figure 1-1 explains the updated progress by end of reporting period, June
2022.
11. The main reasons for the slow progress of the Contractor includes delays in mobilizing of
Contractor’s staff and equipment, delays in submitting the Contractor’s deliverables, delays in carrying
out site establishment activities and preparatory works, fuel shortage, and the broad incompetence of
the Contractor's management team and senior engineering personnel.
1.2.3 NWPCP-ICB-2
12. The NWPCP-ICB-2 package comprises the construction of the Main Canal from
Nebadagahawatta to Mahakithula Reservoir inlet tunnel (from 5+250 km to 22+500 km), which
anticipates a significant amount of ecological and social environmental impacts due to the
environmental sensitivity of the project area. There are two sections, ch. 18+503 km to 19+650 km
and ch. 20+700 km to 22+300 km, that fall within the Kahalla-Pallekele Wildlife Sanctuary under the
jurisdiction of Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (FFPO). The land ownership is with the Forest
Department (FD) as the canal trace traverses through Kahalla-Pallekele Forest Reserve, and the rest
of the area traverses through rural residential, agricultural areas which have been acquired for the
project. However, the Contractor has to manage and mitigate a significant level of construction-related
direct and indirect impacts, as the cut and cover canal will disturb community life due to access issues,
dust, noise, vibration, and other associated impacts.
13. Original contractual Completion Date was set as 6 May 2021 but has now been extended to
23 September 2022. The key issues faced by the Contractor include delay of land acquisition and
handing over process by the Employer, low progress rate of backfilling work, shortage of explosive,
construction materials, especially cement and, fuel (diesel) etc.in the country.
14. Key construction work and the progress achieved up to June 2022 includes, canal
construction, concreting and backfilling (73.80%), tunnel works (61%), canal structures (43.3%), and
construction of transitions (28%). Figure 1-2 shows the graphical representation of the overall
progress of the NWPCP-ICB-2 package by end June 2022.
15. The maps of the NWPCP-NCB-1, ICB-1 and ICB-2 project areas are shown in Figure 1-3,
Figure 1-4, and Figure 1-5, respectively.
16. Table 1-2 summarizes the progress of rest of the ICB packages pipeline under NWPCP.
NWPCP-3
Construction of Feeder Canal from
(Earlier abbrevi- Updated EMP completed and submitted to
Mahakirula to Kaduruwewa (20.9
ated name was PMU along with the bidding documents
km)
NWPCP-ICB-3) under previous contract package named as
NWPCP-4 NWPCP ICB 3
Feeder Canal from Mahakithula to
Pothuwila (2.0 km), Upper Medi- Bidding documents and EMP for the new
(Earlier abbrevi-
yawa (19.9 km) and Yapahuwa package completed
ated name was
NWPCP-ICB-3) (8.9 km)
17. In the active construction packages – NWPCP-ICB-1, and NWPCP-ICB-2 – there exist some
significant scope changes due to Contractor’s delays of completing construction work in the given
time period, as well as due to their lacking sound technical capacity to perform the construction
activities in an efficient manner. An update of the identified scope changes and the corresponding
actions taken during reporting period is presented in Table 2-1 in the NWPCP area.
Table 2-1: Identified Scope changes related to NWPCP-NCB-1, NWPCP-ICB-1 and NWPCP-
ICB-2
18. The Resident Engineer (RE) appointed for each NWPCP contract package under the PMDSC
assumes primary responsibility for ensuring the implementation of Contractor’s Environmental
Management Plan (CEMP) through the respective Contractor. The relevant required actions will be
guided by the ES and EMS of PMDSC.
19. The environmental monitoring of the all NWPCP packages, including review of Method
Statements, attending relevant meetings, and all package-specific additional surveys on active and
future packages under NWPCP are handled by the EMS of PMDSC. In addition, overall guidance for
the contractor’s Environmental Officer (EO) to identify issues through self-monitoring, attending to
required mitigation measures, obtaining required license and approvals, awareness and training for
the environmental related aspects are handled by the EMS under the coordination and assistance by
the ES-PMDSC.
20. The environmental issues, non-compliance status observed by EMS during routine site
monitoring, as well as through the public complaints, are informed to the RE for the duly
communication to the Contractor to attend required corrective actions with the guidance of EMS and
ES of PMDSC.
21. The Contractor is guided to implement required mitigation measures in the updated EMP for
the generic environmental issues, and for the site-specific issues comments are made on the
submitted Method Statements (MS), Environmental Incident Reports (EIR), Non-Compliance Report
(NCR), and through letters. In addition, periodical environment meetings, joint inspections are being
used to deliver verbal instructions where necessary by PMDSC, PIU and PMU.
22. The key meetings, inspections and surveys carried out by the EMS and ES PMDSC related to
NWPCP are summarized in the Table 3-1.
Table 3-1: Joint inspections, key meetings, stakeholder consultations and trainings at-
tended by the environmental team of PMDSC, PIU and PMU related to
NWPCP.
April 01, 05, 21, 26 06, 27, 28 27 Mahakithula Tunnel outlet prepara-
tory blast joint inspection with
PMDSC, PIU & the Contractor–1st
Mahakithula Tunnel outlet test blast
joint inspection with GSMB, DWC,
PMDSC, PIU & the Con-
tractor etc.- 5th
Mahakithula site joint inspection with
HSO–21st.
Site joint inspection with HSO– 6th,
28th (ICB 2)
ADB Environmental Safe-guards
Specialist site inspection jointly with
PIU, PMDSC and the Con- tractor
representatives–26th (ICB
1) & 27th (ICB 2 / NCB 1)
May 04,06, 20 05,17, 24, 31 1-AR road and sluice area of Ma-
hakithula saddle dam joint inspection
for tree removal work with PIU
– 4th
Sand mining site joint inspection with
PIU and the Contractor – 6th Ma-
hakithula site joint inspection with
HSO–20th
Site joint inspection with HSO–
5th,17th, 24th
Monthly EHS joint inspection fol-
lowed by EHS meeting with PMDSC,
PIU and the Contractor
representatives -31st.
June 07, 16, 29 08, 17, 23, 28 Site selection joint inspection for En-
vironmental quality baseline data col-
lection with PIU & the Contractor-7th
ADB Environmental Safeguards
Specialist site inspection jointly with
PMDSC & the Contractor represent-
atives–28th (ICB 2) & 29th (ICB 1)
Others: site joint inspection with
HSO
Progress Meetings 07 Jan 2022 10 Feb 2022 Monthly progress meetings with all
07 Feb 2022 10 Mar 2022 relevant PIU, PMDSC and the Con-
10 Mar 2022 08 Apr 2022 tractor representatives
07 Apr 2022 12 May 2022
13 May 2022 13 June 2022
10 June 2022
Site Meetings 03,18, 25 Feb 05 May 2022 Weekly meetings
2022 09 June 2022
18 Mar 2022 22,
29 Apr 2022
20, 29 May 2022
17 June 2022
23. The following sections summarize the Contractor’s environmental safeguard compliance status
as per the monitoring records of the PMDSC during EMS/ ES monitoring visits, and meetings held
with the Contractor’s representatives.
3.2.1 NWPCP-NCB-1
24. This contract has been completed and only rectification work carried out within the reporting
period.
25. Contract Completion Report was submitted with environmental safeguards section.
3.2.2 NWPCP-ICB-2
26. Overall commitment by the CSCEC on environmental safeguard aspects was not fully
satisfactory during the reporting period.
27. The EO resigned by the end of May 2022 and new EO assumed duties from June 2022.
28. Depletion of water level of few wells at Ranwediyawa tunnel area observed based on ground
water monitoring reports (Summary of the ground water motoring findings in Annex 3). Due to rainfall,
water level increased in some wells. However, wells will be recovered only after completion of
waterproofing work of the tunnel. Water is provided for 16 households by the Contractor daily for
drinking and domestic purpose as a temporary solution.
29. Ground water monitoring work of Ranwediyawa and Nilagama continued. For Ranwediyawa,
total 57 locations monitored including 53 dug wells /tube well and 4 piezometers. For Nilagama, total
24 locations monitored including 22 dug wells /tube well and 2 piezometers. The water quality
(drinking water quality parameters) of selected monitoring wells that are the closest to the tunnel trace
will be tested twice a year (tests for 2022 pending). A public consultation meeting also conducted on
08 June at Ranwediyawa area to address ground water related issues and other grievances with the
participation of PIU, PMDSC, the Contractor representatives and GRC members. Domestic water has
been supplied by the contractor to residence in Ranmaduyawa/ Adagala area and specimen of the
records attached (Annex 3)
30. Preparatory work for periodical environmental quality data collection in progress. However,
despite repeated instructions by the Engineer, data collection work not conducted during the reporting
period.
31. Excavation work commenced at Nilagama tunnel inlet portal and a public awareness meeting
for residents around Nilagama tunnel inlet area conducted on 08 February with all relevant PIU,
PMDSC and the Contractor representatives. The main objective of the meeting was to aware the
public regarding future construction work and GRM.
32. The Contractor was repeatedly instructed to submit site restoration plan for canal trace and
other areas used for contractor facilities, disposal sites etc. The Contractor submitted draft site
restoration plan by 28 June 2022 (Annex 4). which is under review by PMDSC (letter ref. CSCEC-
ICB2-PMDSC-3408).
33. Out of 16 Environment Non-Conformance Reports (E-NCRs) issued up to end June 2022, 4
E-NCRs (E-NCR 5, 7, 9, 11) still not closed, Table 3-2 summarize the pending NCRs in the NWPCP-
ICB-2 area.
34. Frequent change of the Contractor’s EO, site closure due to Covid-19 and fuel shortage of the
country disturbed the implementation of corrective measures for those E-NCRs. Action has already
been taken to close all open E-NCRs and all will be closed within the next 3 months. E -NCR No 07
will be closed by August 2022 and the remaining 3 are to be closed within this time period.
35. Table 3-3 shows site conditions and environmental compliance status associated with
NWPCP-ICB-2 area with few photographic evidences recorded during the reporting period.
Ch 20+750 No sign boards were displayed at En- Instructed to display sign boards stating
trance of Kahalla-Pallekelle sanctuary rules and regulations to comply when
(20+750) to inform rules and regulations to working inside the sanctuary.
be complied (Jan) Corrective actions implemented
.
Wildlife Disposing concrete waste carelessly within The Contractor instructed to rectify the
area-2 and the site and washing concrete truck mixtures issue.
nearby lo- in unauthorized locations at wildlife area-2 up The Contractor has given necessary in-
cations to 22+000 and nearby locations (20 Apr / 24 structions to truck mixture operators
May). (April). and removed waste concrete
from the site (late June).
The Contractor instructed to arrange a
suitable location outside to the sanctu-
ary if necessary to wash truck mixtures
in the site
3.2.3 NWPCP-ICB-1
37. The Contractor of NWPCP-ICB-1 delayed the construction work during last 6 months with
physical progress of 2.4%, as per Construction Program Revision 1, by end of June 2022 (45.4%
planned progress as per original program). The Construction work almost stopped from 05 May due
to fuel shortages.
38. The limited works conducted by the Contractor includes excavation and backfilling of core
trench and clay cutoff wall at LB end of Mahakithula, Tunnel outlet portal area excavation work, some
road clearing work, and clearing of Mahakithula site. They continued with the construction of
Contractor’s facilities such as batching plant, crusher plant etc.
39. EPL for subcamp & workshop, batching plant and crusher plant received from PEA (NWP).
(Refer Annex 1 for updated status of approvals). Even though FD (landowner) approval received to
the small quarry site at Wadakahagala area with approximate capacity of 64000m2, the Contractor
decided not to proceed with the quarry due to economic reasons. The RC 1 quarry also given up by
the Contractor and they are preparing to buy aggregates from approved commercial quarries of the
area.
40. A new trace for 1-D road (connecting 1-AR to feeder canal) proposed by the PMDSC. The new
trace has minimum tree felling requirement compared to previous trace and only two stream crossings
needed. DWC approval received for the tree list and tree removal through STC is pending.
41. DWC conditional approval granted for the new road proposed by the Contractor joining
Mahakithula dam site and subcamp. Tree felling completed through STC (16 trees) and the road is
currently used as main access to Mahakithula.
42. Reforestation work under the ICB 1 package proposed to be conducted through CBO’s with
the assistance of FD. FD agreed to provide cost estimate, specification and nominated list of CBOs’.
FD submitted cost estimate for 100 ha of degraded forest lands by the end of June through PIU (letter
ref KU/1/9/NWPCP/ 2017/Vol 1, dated 22 June 2022). However, specification and nominated list of
CBOs’ pending (ANR method will be followed except for 2.5 ha block planting area).
43. Ground water monitoring work downstream to Mahakirula, and Mahadambe started from
February 2022. Mahakithula area also included since June 2022 as instructed by PMDSC. 3 wells
from Mahakirula, 6 wells from Mahadambe and, 6 wells from Mahakithula included for the monitoring
program where monthly report been submitted by the Contractor (Annex 3).
44. Environmental quality baseline monitoring (ambient air quality, surface/ground water quality,
noise & vibration) in NWPCP-ICB-1 area started on 29 June (delayed for a year due the crisis in the
country). This work is implemented under the BOQ Item 6.2.3 included for Implementation of specific
additional environmental mitigation measures proposed by the EIA study.
45. The DWC has temporary suspended giving approvals for project activities until commence the
work of DWC buildings and other agreed conservation works (DWC letter ref: WL/6/1/1/270-3 dated
21 June 2022)
46. The key environmental monitoring findings recorded within the reporting period other than the
general environmental impacts resulted due to construction related activities are summarized in Table
3.4. A smaller number of issues recorded due to slow progress / site closure.
Table 3-4: Monitoring findings and key environmental issues recorded under NWPCP-ICB-1
Cement waste observed on the ground The contractor informed and they immedi-
at the boundary of the subcamp (19 Jan ately restored the locations.
2022) and side of the access road (23 Relevant staff members instructed not to al-
Feb) due to washing of concrete mixture low disposal of concrete waste on open
trucks by an external supplier. ground (first incident).
Relevant suppliers also instructed to inform
their drivers not to wash mixture trucks at
public roads during return journey.
Stream crossing locations of some inter- The Contractor instructed to rectify the is-
nal roads require additional rows of sue
hume pipes with adequate soil erosion Corrective actions delayed due to diesel
prevention measures to meet peak dis- shortage and will be followed up once con-
charge during heavy rains (22 Apr). struction work resumed. Since the rainy
season over action not urgent.
47. Public grievances related to land matters, and construction related aspects are mainly handled
by the PIU-NWPCP, holding Grievance Redress Committee Meetings (GRCM) periodically. In
addition, the Contractor is maintaining a Grievance Log for Environmental-related matters.
48. The Public grievances recorded by the NWPCP-ICB-1 and ICB-2 Contractors are given under
Annex 2, indicating the present status of attending corrective measures. There were no grievances
reported during the reporting period connected with the NWPCP-NCB-1 contract.
49. Health and safety (H&S) aspects are covered by the focal point for H&S based in the UECP-
ICB-2A office, who oversees all active packages under MWSIP, and one H&S Officer based in RE
office of NWPCP-ICB-1 under PMDSC focusing on construction monitoring of NWPCP packages.
50. Table 3-5 summarizes the updates related to H&S aspects in the NWPCP area covering 3
packages.
Table 3-5: H&S Highlights related to NWPCP during the reporting period
51. The key activities in addition to the routine contract management and supervision activities
under Task 3, planned by PMDSC for next period will include following:
ANNEX - 1
ER/EPL TL
Date Date
Remarks
Plant Location License
License no.
From To From To no.
Crusher Irudeniyaya 2022.04.20 2023.04.19 PEA/PPP/EPL/MC/M/2 Waiting for inspec- Applied for TL
73/2022 tion LGA
Batching Irudeniyaya 2022.04.20 2023.04.19 PEA/PPP/EPL/CP/M/2 Waiting for inspec- Applied for TL
Pant 75/2022 tion LGA
Workshop & sub camp Irudeniyaya 2022.04.20 2023.04.19 PEA/PPP/EPL/BC/M/2 Waiting for inspec- Applied for TL
47/2022 tion LGA
ANNEX - 2
2 13.11.2 Access Villagers, Irudeni- 13.11.21 The village road damaged Arranged the hum pipes and yes
1 road, sub yaya due to the heavy rain and proper drainage system to
camp, Iru- difficult to move vehicles/pe- flow rainy water freely. Im-
deniyaya0 destrians. proved the road surface by
using gravel, aggregates and
rubble.
4 28.01.2 RD 04 Siri perakum Agrar- 29.01.22 Requesting to shift the com- Arranged a field visit with En- yes
2 ian society, pot- munity water supply line be- gineer and villagers decide
huwila (0779178751 fore construction of the RD to shift the line, society mem-
04 ber agreed to provide
enough space for line shift-
ing.
5 02.04.2 Main camp, Villagers, Irudeni- 02.04.2022 The villagers complained Cleaned the existing drain- Yes
2 Irudeniyaya yaya about the discharging of the ages and all wastewater di-
wastewater to the drainage verted to the soakage pits
of the road. (constructed the additional
two no of wastewater soak-
age pits)
Source: EO ICB 1
ANNEX - 3
Ground water monitoring programme is conducted for selected wells from Ran-
wediyawa and Nilagama tunnel area. Well water level is monitored once a week and
ground water monitoring report are submitted monthly basis.
Sufficient water is provided daily to houses those who need water for drinking and do-
mestic purpose due to reduction of water level of the wells during tunnel construction pe-
riod as a temporary solution.
Two tube wells will be constructed at Ranwediyawa and Nilagama tunnel area to supply
water to the houses those who need water due to reduction of water level of their wells as
a permanent solution.
According to well water monitoring program, Ground Water level behavior of the
wells which are located within the tunnel trace depends mainly on the progress of the
tunnel excavation.
Since both tunnels are driven below the wells’ bottom level, groundwater infiltration in to
the tunnel can be caused depending on the geological formations and the structural pat-
tern encountered at tunnel trace area during the excavation.
In Ranwediyawa tunnel area, a sudden reduction of water levels of the wells was hap-
pened in and around the tunnel trace as the deep groundwater along the tunnel trace has
direct interconnection with shallow groundwater. It can be ignored in the Nilagama area
since the tunnel is mainly driven through the hard rock.
The waterproofing system will be applied all around the tunnel perimeter for entire length
of Ranwediyawa tunnel to avoid groundwater leakage in to the tunnel. It will protect
against water ingress from surrounding soil. Since, waterproofing system will react to stop
flowing water in to the tunnel, the ground water table around the tunnel area will increase
gradually and restores the natural groundwater regime practically to near pre-construction
level. This will provide a friendlier and safer environment to the well user and also asso-
ciated cost to the client.
The water quality (by considering drinking water quality parameters) of all monitoring wells
that are the closest to the tunnel traces will be tested twice a year (During Dry and Wet
periods) to find out groundwater quality variation in seasonally
NWPCP-ICB 1
ANNEX - 4