ALGEBRA

QUESTION 1

1.1 1.1.1 Irrational answer

1.1.2 Rational answer

1.1.3 Non-real answer

(3)

1.2.1 (3x + 2)( 2 x 2 − 5 x + 3)

= 6 x 3 − 15 x 2 + 9 x + 4 x 2 − 10 x + 6 simplification
= 6 x − 11x − x + 6
3 2
answer
(3)

1.2.2 4 2 n +1.3 n +1
2 4 n.3 n −1 2 4n+2
2 4 n + 2.3 n +1
= 4 n n −1
2 .3
= 2 4 n + 2− 4 n.3 n +1− n +1 2 4 n+ 2−4 n
= 4.9
3n−n+1+1
= 36

answer

(4)
[10]
QUESTION 2

2.1 x 2 + 9x + 8 factors
= ( x + 1)( x + 8) (2)

2.2 (t − 1) 2 + 9(t − 1) + 8 simplification

= (t − 1 + 1)(t − 1 + 8) t
= t (t + 7)
(t + 7)

(3)

2.3 2 x 2 + 2 px − 2mx − 2mp ( x + p)

= 2 x( x + p) − 2m( x + p) (2 x − 2m)
= ( x + p)(2 x − 2m)
= 2( x + p)( x − m)  answer (3)
[8]

QUESTION 3

3.1 3.1.1

x(3x − 5) = −2
3x 2 − 5 x = −2  simplification
3x − 5 x + 2 = 0
2
 standard form
( x − 1)(3 x − 2) = 0
 factors
2
 x = 1 or x =
3
 all x-values
3.1.2
(4)
x + 3 7 − 3x
=
2 3
3( x + 3) = 2(7 − 3x) :  (LCD)

3x + 9 = 14 − 6 x
9x = 5
5  LCD
x= : 9
9  simplification

✓ answer

(3)
 3.2 3.2.1

− 3  4 x − 2  10
− 1  4 x  12 ✓ simplification
1
−  x3 ✓✓ answer
4

(3)
3.2.2 3
✓ end dots and answer

(1)

3.3 x+ y =7 ……… (1)  simplification

2 x − y = 11 ……… (2)  substitution

(2) + (1)

3x = 18
 answer
x=6 : 3
 answer
Subst. x = 6 into (1)

6 + y = 7
 y =1 (4)

[15]

Question 4

2.5 x.3 x +1
4.1.1 P =
15 x ✓ Simplifying 15 x
2.5 x .3 x +1
=
(5.3) x
✓ Applying exponential Laws
x− x x +1− x
= 2.5 .3

= 2.5 0 .31 ✓ Answer

= 2.1.3

=6 (3)
 2 x + 2 x +1
2.1.2 Q =
2 x−2 ✓ Common Factor

2 x (1 + 2)
=
2 x (2 − 2 )
✓ Simplifying 2 −2
= 3.2 2

= 12 ✓ Answer

(3)

4.1.3 P is half of Q

OR ✓ Explanation (1)

Q is twice P

OR

Check values of P and Q and

relationship explained.

4.2

4.2.1

(2 x − 3)( 2 x 2 − 3x − 4) ✓ Simplifying

= 4 x 3 − 6 x 2 − 8 x − 6 x 2 + 9 x + 12
= 4 x 3 − 12 x 2 + x + 12 ✓ Answer

(2)

3 x−2
4
− 2  x3
x x
3 x−2 1
= 4 − 2  3
x x x
3 x−2 ✓ LCD
= 4 − 5
x x
4.2.2
3x − ( x − 2)
= ✓ Simplifying
x5
3x − x + 2
=
x5
✓ Answer
2x + 2
=
x5
(3)
4.3.1

✓ Common Factor

2 xy 2 − 4 x 2 y + 8 x 2 y
= 2 xy ( y − 2 x + 4 x) ✓ Bracket

(2)

4.3.2

− 16 x 2 + 4 y 2 ✓ Common Factor

= 4 y 2 − 16 x 2
= 4( y 2 − 4 x 2 ) ✓ y – 2x
= 4( y − 2 x)( y + 2 x)

✓ y + 2x

(3)

4.3.3

2x + 3
✓
3x − 2
6 x 2 + 5x − 6
= (2 x + 3)(3x − 2) ✓ (2)

4.3.4

2 − x − 6 y + 3xy ✓ Common Factor

= 2 − 6 y − x + 3xy
= 2(1 − 3 y ) − x(1 − 3 y )
✓ Common factor other bracket
= (1 − 3 y )(2 − x)

✓ Answer

(3)
 1.4

2 x 2 − 4 x − 16 ✓ Factorise
(2 x + 4)( x − 4)
x−4 ✓ Bracket
OR
=
A = 2 x 2 − 4 x − 16
A = l b ✓ Answer

ie : 2 x 2 − 4 x − 16 = (2 x + 4)b
Byinspection : b = ( x − 4)

(3)

Question 5

5.1.1

8( x + 1) − 7 x = 7(3 − x) ✓ Multiplying
8 x + 8 − 7 x = 21 − 7 x
8 x − 7 x + 7 x = 21 − 8
✓ Simplification
8 x = 13
13
x=
8 ✓ Answer

(3)

5.1.2

✓ Simplifying 25 x +1

✓ Exponential Laws

✓ 50
 5 x .25 x +1 = 1 ✓ Answer

5 x .5 2 x + 2 = 1
5 2 x + 2+ x = 5 0
53x+2 = 50
3x + 2 = 0
(4)
2
x=−
3
5.1.3

( x + 2)( x − 3) = 6 ✓ Standard Form

x2 − x − 6 − 6 = 0 ✓ Factors
x − x − 12 = 0
2
✓ Answer x =4
( x − 4)( x + 3) = 0
✓ Answer x = -3
x = 4orx = −3

(4)

5.2

✓ Multiplying by 2

3x − 2
−4 8
2 ✓ Dividing by 3
− 8  3x − 2  16
− 6  3x  18
−2 x6 ✓ Answer

✓ Number line

(4)

5.3

✓ Making x subject of the formula

✓ Substitution
 x + 3y + 5
2x − y + 3

✓ y value
x + 3y + 5
x = 5 − 3y
2(5 − 3 y ) − y = 3 ✓ x value
10 − 6 y − y = 3
10 − 7 y = 3
− 7 y = −7
y =1
x = 5 − 3y
x = 5 − 3(1)
x=2

OR

x + 3 y = 5....................1
2 x − y = 3..................2

2x − y = 3
y = 2x − 3
x + 3y = 5
x + 3(2 x − 3) = 5
x + 6x − 9 = 5
7 x = 14
x=2
y = 2x − 3
y = 2(2) − 3
(4)
y =1
QUESTION 6

6.1.1 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 = 24
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 24 = 0 ✓ Standard form
(𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 + 3) = 0 ✓ Both factors
𝑥−8=0 or 𝑥+3=0
𝑥=8 𝑥 = −3 ✓ Both answers correct
(3)
6.1.2 3𝑥 32 = 81
3 ✓ 3
𝑥 2 = 27
𝑥 = 27
2
2
2 ✓ 𝑥 = (27)3
𝑥 = (27)3
2
𝑥 = (33 )3
answer
𝑥 = 32 ✓
(3)

6.1.3 2√𝑥
𝑅=
3𝑆 ✓ Multiply by 3𝑆 and
3𝑅𝑆 divide by 2
= √𝑥
2
9𝑅 2 𝑆 2 Squaring both sides
𝑥= ✓
4 (2)

6.2 9𝑝 + 𝑞 = −15 …..Eq 1

3𝑝 + 4𝑞 = 6 ….Eq 2

9𝑝 + 𝑞 = −15 …..Eq 1
9𝑝 + 12𝑞 = 18 ..Multiply Eq 2 by 3 …..Eq ✓ 9𝑝 + 12𝑞 = 18
3

Eq 3 – Eq 1 ✓ 11𝑞 = 33
11𝑞 = 33 ✓ 𝑞=3
𝑞=3 ✓ Substitution
3𝑝 + 4(3) = 6 ✓ 𝑝 = −2
𝑝 = −2 (5)
6.3 Let the number of adult tickets sold be 𝑥
∴ (400 − 𝑥) learner tickets were sold
✓ (400 − 𝑥)
50𝑥 + 30(400 − 𝑥) = 17000 ✓ Setting up equation
50𝑥 + 12000 − 30𝑥 = 17000 ✓ Simplification
20𝑥 = 5000
𝑥 = 250 ✓ Answer
(4)
i.e. 250 adult tickets were sold

QUESTION 7
7.1.1 3
− 27 ✓ Answer
7.1.2 27 ✓ Answer
7.2 75 ✓ Answer
0,75 =
100
3
= (1)
4
QUESTION 8
8.1 (2 x + 3)(2 x 2 − x − 2)
= 4 x 3 − 2 x 2 − 4 x + 6 x 2 − 3x − 6 ✓ − 4x 3 + 2x 2
= −4 x 3 + 2 x 2 − 7 x − 6 ✓ − 7x − 6
(2)
8.2.1 2a + 9a − 5
2
✓ 2a − 1
= (2a − 1)(a + 5) ✓ a+5
(2)
8.2.2 x − 81
4
✓ First bracket
= ( x 2 − 9)( x 2 + 9) ✓ Second bracket
✓ ( ( x − 3)( x + 3)
= ( x − 3)( x + 3)( x 2 + 9)
8.2.3 6 x 2 y − 10 xy + 15 x − 25
✓ First bracket
= 2 xy (3x − 5) + 5(3x − 5) ✓ Second bracket
✓ Answer
= (2 xy + 5)(3x − 5)
(3)
QUESTION 9
9.1 10 2 x +3.41− x
✓ (2.5)
25 2+ x ✓ (2
2
)
(2.5) 2 x +3 .(2 2 )1− x
= ✓ (5 ) 2

(5 2 ) 2+ x ✓ Answer
2 2 x +3.5 2 x +3.2 2−2 x
=
5 4+ 2 x
= 2 2 x +3+ 2−2 x.5 2 x +3−4−2 x
= 2 5.5 −1
 32
= (4)
5
9.2 x + 3 x 3 − 27 x −3
 2  2 ✓ ( x − 3)( x 2 + x + 9)
x − 3 x − 9 x + 3x + 9
✓ ( x − 3)( x + 3)
x + 3 ( x − 3)( x 2 + x + 9) x−3
=   2 ✓ Answer
x−3 ( x − 3)( x + 3) x + x+9
=1
(3)

QUESTION 10
10.1.1 2𝑥 + 3 = 3(𝑥 − 7) ✓ Simplification
2𝑥 + 3 = 3𝑥 − 21 bracket
∴ 𝑥 = 24 ✓ Answer
(2)
10.1.2 ( x + 4)( x − 1) = 0 ✓ x = −4
x = −4 or x = 1 ✓ x =1
10.1.3 4𝑥 − 256 = 0 ✓ Writing in
4𝑥 = 256 exponential form
4𝑥 = 44 ✓ Answer
∴𝑥=4 (2)
OR
22𝑥 = 28
2𝑥 = 8
∴𝑥=4
10.1.4 −5 ≤ 𝑥 < 10 ✓ Solving the
−3 ≤ 𝑥 < 12 inequality
✓
•  ✓ Number Line
  (3)
-3 12

10.2 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 17……..(1) ✓ Y subject of formula

3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 15……….(2) ✓ Substitution
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 15 ✓ Simplification
2𝑥 − 3(3𝑥 − 15) = 17 ✓ x value
2𝑥 − 9𝑥 + 45 = 17 ✓ y value
−7𝑥 = −28
𝑥=4
𝑦 = 3(4) − 15 OR
𝑦 = −3 ✓ Multipying by 3
OR ✓ Eliminating
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 17 … … . (1) ✓ Adding the eqations
3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 15 … … … . (2) ✓ x value
–3×(2) −9𝑥 + 3𝑦 = −45……(3) ✓ y value
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 17
(5)
(3) + (1) -7x = - 28
x=4
 3(4) – y = 15
y=-3
[14]

QUESTION 11

11.1 0,21̇5̇
Let x = 0,2151515
100 x = 215,1515 ✓ Multiply with 100
− 10 x = −2,1515 ✓ Subtraction

________________ ✓ Answer
990 x = 213
213
x=
990
✓ Final answer (4)
71
x=
330

11.2 600 000 000 x 42 000 000

= 252 000 000 000 000 00

= 2,5 x 1016 ✓ 2,5

✓ 1016 (2)

11.3 {x / − 1  x  3, x  Z } ✓ −1  x 3
✓ xZ (2)
11.4 x  ( -2; 8) ✓ [-2
✓ 8) (2)
[10]
QUESTION 12

12.1 4( x −2 y 4 ) 2 2 x −2 y

x 2 y −3 xy 6
✓ Manipulation
4 x −4 y 8 xy 6
= 2 −3  − 2 ✓ multiply with inverse
x y 2x y
4 x − 3 y14
=
2 x0 y − 2
✓ Numerator
2 y16 ✓ Denominator (4)
= 3
x

12.2 4 2 x −1.9 x +1
18 x .8 x −1 ✓ Numerator
22 ( 2 x −1)32 ( x +1) ✓ Denominator
= 2 x x 3( x −1)
3 .2 .2
24 x − 232 x + 2
= 2 x x 3 x −3
3 .2 .2 ✓ Manipulation
= 24 x − 2 − x − 3 x + 3.32 x + 2
✓ Answer (4)
= 21.32
= 18

12.3 7.2 x − 3.2 x −1

2 x −1
7.2 x − 3.2 x.2−1
=
2 x.2−1
3 ✓ Numerator
2 x (7 − ) ✓ Denominator
= 2
x 1 ✓ Answer (3)
2 ( )
2
= 11
12.4 2x − 3 4x + 1 1
− −
3x 2x 6 ✓ LCM
2(2 x − 3) − 3(4 x + 1) − x
=
6x
✓ Numerator
4 x − 6 − 12 x − 3 − x
=
6x ✓ Simplification
− 9x − 9
=
6x
− 9( x + 1)
= ✓ Answer
6x (4)
− 3( x + 1)
=
2x
[15]
QUESTION 13

13.1 ( x + 3)(4 x 2 − 2 x − 7)
✓ First 3 terms
= 4 x 3 − 2 x 2 − 7 x + 12 x 2 − 6 x − 21 ✓ Last 3 terms
✓ Answer
= 4 x 3 + 10 x 2 − 13 x − 21 (3)

13.2 1 1 1
( x − )( x 2 + )( x + )
2 4 2
1 1 ✓ Simplify
= ( x 2 − )( x 2 + ) ✓ First term
4 4
✓ Second term and
1
= x4 − correct sign (3)
16

13.3 − 3(2 x + 5 y )(2 x − 5 y ) − (2 y − 3x) 2

✓ First bracket
= −3(4 x 2 − 25 y 2 ) − (4 y 2 − 12 xy + 9 x 2 ) ✓ Second bracket
= −12 x 2 − 75 y 2 − 4 y 2 + 12 xy − 9 x 2 ✓✓✓ Each term
= −2 x + 71 y + 12 xy
2 2 (5)

[11]
QUESTION 14

14.1 x 2 − 10 x + 24
✓✓ Each bracket (2)
= ( x − 6)( x − 4)
14.2 xm − xn + yn − ym
= x ( m − n) + y ( n − m) ✓ Common factors

= x ( m − n) − y ( m − n) ✓ Changing of sign
✓ Answer (3)
= (m − n)( x − y )
14.3 16 x 4 − 81 y 6
✓✓ Two brackets (2)
(4 x 2 − 9 y 3 )(4 x 2 + 9 y 3 )
[7]

QUESTION 15

15.1.1 3 − 2x = 6x −1
− 8 x = −4 ✓ Simplification
1 ✓ Answer (2)
x=
2
15.1.2 x( x + 4) = 21
x 2 + 4 x − 21 = 0 ✓ Simplification
( x + 7)( x − 3) = 0 ✓ Factorisation
✓ Answers (3)
x = - 7 or x = 3
15.1.3 x (3)
x +1 1
2 = 
8
15.2 − 5  2x − 3  4
✓ Simplification
− 2  2x  7
1 ✓✓ Correct values
−1  x  3
2
✓ Correct graph (4)

l l
1
-1 3
2
15.3 2 x − 3 y = 5 ..... 
x − 3 y = 7 ...... 
 - :
x = −2 ✓ x – value
Substitute in :
2(−2) − 3 y = 5 ✓ Substitution

− 4 − 3y = 5 ✓ Simplification
− 3y = 9 ✓ y – value (4)

y = −3
[16]
 TRIGONOMETRY

1.1 1.1.1 sin 2x + cos y = sin 2(155) + cos 130

= sin 310 + cos 130 ✓ substitution
= – 0,766 – 0,643
= – 0,123 ✓answer with correct two
(2) decimals
1.1.2 tan2 (x – y) = tan2 (155 – 130) ✓ substitution
= tan2 25
= 0,22 (2) ✓ answer correct decimals
1.2 5 sin  – 4 = 0, therefore sin  = 4
5
✓ value of sin 
x2 = 25 – 16 = 9 ✓ value of 3rd side / x-value
x=3
5 4 ✓ value of cos 
tan  + cos  = 4
3
+ 53 ✓ value of tan 
= 20+ 9  ✓ answer
15

= 29
15
= 1 14
15 (5)
1.3 1.3.1 sin x = cos 27,5 x = 90 – 27,5
✓ ✓ value of sin x
= 0,887
= 62,5
x = 62,5 ✓ ✓ answer
sin x is a co-function
of
cos y (2)
1.3.2 3 cos x = 4,056
cos x = 1,352 ✓ value of cos x
No solution since ✓ answer
– 1 < cos x < 1x = 69,4 (3) ✓ reason
1.3.3 tan (x – 25) = 0,865
✓ x – 25 = 40,9
x – 25 = 40,9 (2)
✓ answer
x = 65,9
1.4 sin (A + 10) = 68
sin  is a ratio (sin  is not an angle) (1) ✓ answer / correct reason

QUESTION 2
2.1.1 sin(40° + 50°)
𝑠𝑖𝑛90 ✓ answer
1 (1)
2.1.2 2𝑠𝑖𝑛41° − 3 tan 123° ✓ answer (1)
5,94
2.1.3 cot 54° 1
✓ 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛54°
2 ✓ answer
1
2𝑡𝑎𝑛54°

𝑜, 36 (2)
2.2 8 tan 𝜃 + 2 = −3 ✓ Standard
−5 form
tan 𝜃 = ✓ Diagram
8
in the
correct
quadrant
✓ For r
✓ Substitut
ion
✓ Answer
𝑟2 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2

𝑟 2 = (8)2 + (−5)2
∴ 𝑟 = √89
(5 sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃)2
−5 8 2
(5 ( )+ ) (5)
√89 √89
289
89
[9]

QUESTION 3
3.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 45°. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 30 1
✓ ( )2
° √2
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 60°. tan 30° 2
1 2 ✓
( )2 . √3
√2 √3 √3
✓ ( 2 )2
√3 1 1
( 2 )2 . ✓
√3 √3
1 2 ✓ answer
2 . √3
3 2
4 . √3
4
(5)
3
3.2 sin(3𝑥 − 35) = 0,03 ✓ Ref angle
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 1,719131321. . … …. ✓ Equating with
3𝑥 − 35° = 1.719131321. . …. ref angle
 3𝑥 = 36,719 …. ✓ answer
𝑥 = 12,24°

(3)
3.3.1 3rd Quadrant ✓ answer (1)

3.3.2 sin 𝐴 > 0 & tan 𝐴 < 0 2nd quadrant ✓ Manipulation

sin 𝐴 < 0 & tan 𝐴 < 0 3rd quadrant ✓ quadrant
✓ quadrant
OR

sin 𝐴
<0 OR
tan 𝐴
sin 𝐴 ✓ Manupulation
<0
sin 𝐴 ✓ Quadrant
cos 𝐴 ✓ quadrant
cos 𝐴 < 0
2nd & 3rd quadrant
(3)

[12]

QUESTION 4

3 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 12,50 +7,50 ) ✓ Answer

= 2, 82 ✓ (Accurate) (2)

𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 70 ✓ Simplification
3 ✓ Answer

1
=3𝑡𝑎𝑛2 70⁰

=0, 04 (2)
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 0 ✓ Standard form
= 2 sin 47
4
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = 5,85 … … …. ✓ Answer
𝑥 = 80,30° (2)
0)
2 cos(3𝑥 + 60 = 1,71 ✓ Standard form
Cos(3𝑥 − 60°) =
1,71 ✓ 31,24
2
✓ answer
3𝑥 − 60° = 31,24° … … … … ..
(3)
x = 30, 41
 𝑐𝑜𝑠300 + sin 45° ✓
√3
2
𝑐𝑜𝑠1800 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2700 √2 1
✓ or
2 √2
√3 √2
+
2 2
= −1−1

√3+√2
2
= −2 ✓ −1 and −1
✓ answer
√3+√2
=− 4 (4)

OP =√(4)2 + (−3)2 ……….. Pythagoras ✓ Substitution

=5 ✓ Answer (2)
(1)
sin𝜃 = − 5
3 ✓ Answer

3
tan𝜃 = − 4 ✓ Value of tan𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −3 4 ✓ Substitutions
.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = ÷5 −3
5 ✓ Answer 4
−3
= 4

𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 (3)
. ∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃

[19]

QUESTION 5

51.1.1
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (215° − 86,7°)
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (128,3°) ✓ answer
(1)
= 0,62

5.1.2 𝑠𝑒𝑐37,2°
1 ✓ reciprocal
= ✓ answer
𝑐𝑜𝑠37,2°

= 1,26 (2)

5.2.1 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 = 7 ✓ Simplification

7 ✓ Reciprocal
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 = ✓ answer (3)
3
 3
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 =
7
𝑥 = 25,38°

✓ simplification
5.2.2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 58,3° + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 88,5° ✓ 88.52…….
𝑡𝑎𝑛 2𝑥 = 38.71393095 ✓ Answer.
2𝑥 = 88,52035068°.. (3)
𝑥 = 44,26°

5.3 𝑐𝑜𝑠45°. 𝑠𝑖𝑛70°. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐70°

𝑠𝑖𝑛90°. 𝑡𝑎𝑛30° 1 √2
✓ or
√2 2
1
√2 1 ✓ 𝑠𝑖𝑛70°
. 𝑠𝑖𝑛70°.
2 𝑠𝑖𝑛70° ✓ 1
√3 ✓
1
or
√3
1. 3 √3 3
√3 3√2
3√2 ✓ or
√2 2√3
2√3
OR (5)

1 1
. 𝑠𝑖𝑛70°. 𝑠𝑖𝑛70°
√2
1
1.
√3
√3
√2
[14]
QUESTION 6
6.1.1 (tan(316,3° − 22,6°))2 ✓ Answer
= 5,19

(1)
6.1.2 𝑠𝑒𝑐61,4° ✓ Reciprocal
1 ✓ Answer
𝑐𝑜𝑠61,4°
= 2,09 (2)
𝑎
6.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑏 ; 0° < 𝜃 < 90° ✓ Diagram
𝑥2 = 𝑟2 − 𝑦2 ✓ Using Pythagoras
✓ x –value
𝑥 = ∓√𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 ✓ Substitution
∴ 𝑥 = √𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 ✓ Simplification
✓ Answer

b
a
𝜃
3𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 − 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
𝑎 2 √𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 2
= 3( ) − 2( )
𝑏 𝑏
2 2 2
3𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 2𝑎
=
𝑏2
5𝑎 − 2𝑏 2
2
=
𝑏2

(6)
[9]
QUESTION 7
7.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠30°. 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 30° ✓
√3
2
𝑠𝑖𝑛30°. 𝑠𝑖𝑛60° 1
✓
√3
1
√3 1 2 ✓
2 . (√3) 2
√3
= ✓
1 √3 2
2. 2 ✓ Answer

1
=3
1
2
2
=
3 (5)

7.2 2𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 = √3 ✓ Dividing by 2

√3 ✓ Angle
𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 = ✓ Answer
2
3𝜃 = 60°
∴ 𝜃 = 20° (3)
[18]
EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY
EXERCISE 2

1.1.1
̂ ) = 36.87°
𝐶𝐷

1.1.2 𝐴𝑂̂ 𝐷 = 90°

1.3 𝐴𝑂
tan 36.87° =
8
AO = 8 × tan 36.87°
AO = 6 cm

1.4 𝐴D2 = 82 + 62 Phythagoras Theorem

= 100
AD = 10
AE = EB converse midpoint theorem
1
OE = 𝐴𝐷 = 5 𝑐𝑚 midpoint theorem
2

QUESTION 2

2.1.1 SAS or Two sides and an included angle

2.1.2 One pair of side parallel and equal

2.1.3 DE = 1 DF DE = EF
2
DF = BC opp sides of parm =
1
∴ 𝐷𝐸 = 2 BC

2.2.1 In ∆SAR
SB = BA given
QR = QA converse midpoint theorem
Bur QR = SP opp sides of a parm
∴ SP = QA

2.2.2 SP = QA proven
SP ∥ QA opp sides of a parm
∴ SPAQ is a parm one pair of side equal and parallel.

2.2.3 M midpoint of PR and

B midpoint of PQ diag bisect of parm
1
MB = QR
2
1 1
𝑀𝐵 = ( AR)
2 2
4MB = AR
 QUESTION 3
3.1.1 𝐶̂1 = 25° angles opp equal sides ✓ S/R
𝐴̂ = 180° − 50° Sum of angles of triangle ✓ Angle A
̂
𝐴 = 130° ✓ Statement
2𝑥 = 130° opp. Angles of parm equal ✓ Reason
𝑥 = 65° ✓ Value of x

OR

𝐶̂1 = 𝐵̂1 = 25° Alt angles AE//BD

𝐻̂1 = 𝑥 Alt angles Ae//BD
𝐸̂ = 50° Opp. Angles of a parm equal
2𝑥 = 130°
(5)
𝑥 = 65°

3.1.2 𝑦 = 180° − 100° sum of angles of a triangle ✓ S/R

𝑦 = 80° ✓ answer
(2)
3.2
A
P S
75°
3cm

30° ✓ 𝑃𝐴̂𝑄
Q R ✓ 𝑅𝐴̂𝑆
✓ Ratio of tan
SR = 3cm Opp sides of a rec = ✓ Substitution
𝑃𝐴̂𝑄 = 60° sum of angles of a triangle ✓ PA
𝑅𝐴̂𝑆 = 45° Adjecent angles on a str line ✓ PS
𝑆𝑅̂ 𝐴 = 45° Angles of a triangle ✓ Formula of area
∴ 𝑆𝐴 = 𝑆𝑅 = 3 ✓ Substitution
𝑃𝐴 ✓ answer
𝑡𝑎𝑛 30° =
3
3
𝑃𝐴 =
√3
3
∴ 𝑃𝑆 = 3 +
√3

Area of PQRS = 𝑃𝑆 × 𝑃𝑄
3
= (3 + ) × 3
√3
= 14,20𝑐𝑚2 (9)

[16]

QUESTION 4
 OK = KP O midpoint ✓ S/R
In OPS ✓ Statement
OL = OS Midpoint theorem ✓ Reason
In OSR ✓ S/R
OM = MR Midpoint theorem ✓ S/R
In ORQ ✓ Reason
ON = NQ Midpoint theorem
Then KN//PQ Midpoint theirem (6)

[6]

QUESTION 5

5.1.1 Trapezium ✓ Answer (1)

5.1.2 . 𝑥 + 50° + 𝑥 − 5° = 180° … co-inter 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑆 𝑇𝑊//𝑈𝑉 ✓ Statement

𝑥 = 67,5 ✓ Reason
𝑦 = 90° Co- interior angles ✓ Value of x
✓ Statement
✓ Reason (5)
5.2 . DC=AB …………….. Opp side of a pram ✓ DC = AB
DC = BR ……………. Given /Opp.sides of
𝑃̂ = 𝐵̂2 ……… alt< 𝐴𝐵//𝑃𝐶 parm equal(S/R)
̂ ̂ ̂
𝐵2 = 𝐴2 + 𝑅1 …….. EXT<OF∆ 𝐴𝐵𝑅 ✓ DC = BR (S)
𝐴̂2 = 𝑅̂1 …………… BR =AB ✓ 𝑃̂ = 𝐵
̂2 ( S)
∴ 𝐵̂2 = 2 𝑅̂1 ✓ 𝐵̂2 = 𝐴̂2 + 𝑅̂1 (S)
∴ 𝑅̂1 = 12° ✓ S/R
✓ Answer (6)
[12]

QUESTION 6
Draw KM
K
N

H ✓ KT = TM
✓ Diags bisect
✓ KH = HF
L Given
M
✓ midpoint
theorem (4)
F
 KT = TM Diagonals of a parm bisect

KH = HF Given

∴LM ∥ 𝐹𝑀 midpoint theorem

[4]

QUESTION 7

✓ S/R
7.1.1 2𝑦 + 3𝑦 + 4𝑦 = 180° BDE Straight line ✓ answer
𝑦 = 20° (2)

7.1.2 𝐴̂ = 𝐷
̂2 𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∠𝑠 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐶𝐷 ✓ alt ∠𝑠 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐶𝐷
𝑥 = 3(20°) ✓ answer (2)
𝑥 = 60 °

7.1.3 𝑧 = 180° − 40° − 60° ✓ 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 ∠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 ∆

𝑧 = 80° ✓ 𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟 (2)
OR
𝐵̂ = 𝐷
̂3 𝐶𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠 ∠𝑠 𝐴𝐵∥𝐶𝐷
80° = 𝑧
7.2.1 In ∆𝑀𝑂𝑃 and ∆𝑀𝑁𝑃
𝑂𝑀 = 𝑀𝑁 𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 ✓ S/R
𝑂𝑃 = 𝑃𝑁 𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 ✓ S/R
𝑀𝑃 = 𝑀𝑃 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 ✓ Reason for
∴ ∆𝑀𝑂𝑃 ≡ ∆𝑀𝑁𝑃 𝑆, 𝑆, 𝑆 congruent triangles. (3)

7.2.2 In ∆𝑀𝑁𝑄 and ∆𝑀𝑂𝑄

𝑀𝑁 = 𝑀𝑄 𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 ✓ S/R
𝑀𝑄 = 𝑀𝑄 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 ✓ S/R
̂ ̂
𝑄2 = 𝑄1 𝐵𝑜𝑡ℎ 90° ✓ Reason for
∆𝑀𝑁𝑄 ≡ ∆𝑀𝑂𝑄 90°, 𝐻, 𝑆 congruent triangles (3)

[12]
QUESTION 8

8.1 BC = CD ✓
8.2 BE = ED ✓
8.3 AE ⊥ BD ✓
8.4 C1 = C2 ✓
8.5 A1 = A2 ✓
(5)

QUESTION 9
✓ False
9.1.1 False ,diagonals of a rectangle bisect each other but ✓ Correct statement
not necessarily at 90◦ (2)

✓ False
9.1.2 False, trapezium has one pair of parallel lines. ✓ Correct statement
(2)
✓ S/R
9.2 𝐴̂ = 𝐴𝐷
̂ C = 50° Alt angles AB// CE ✓ S/R
̂
𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 60° Adjacent angles on a straight ✓ S/R
line =180◦ ✓ S/R
𝐵𝐹̂ 𝐷 = 60° Agles opp equal sides BF = ✓ Correct angle
BD (5)
∴ 𝐹𝐵̂ 𝐷 = 60°
But 𝐵 = 𝐵𝐷 𝐸 = 70
̂ ̂ Alt Angle AB//CE
̂
𝑥 + 𝐹𝐵 𝐷 = 70°
𝑥 + 60° = 70°
∴ 𝑥 = 10°
[9]

QUESTION 10
10.1
In ∆BEA and ∆FED ✓ S/R
AE = ED Bisected by BEF ✓ S/R
̂ ̂
A𝐵E =E𝐹 D Alt angles AD//CF ✓ Correct conclusion
A𝐸̂ B = F𝐸̂ D Vertically opp. Angles
∴∆BEA and ∆FED AAS (3)

10.2
BA = DF From congruency ✓ S/R
BA // DF CDF is a straight line ✓ S/R
∴ BDFA is a parallelogram One pair of opp. side ✓ S
equal and parallel ✓ R
(4)
[7]
QUESTION 11
11.1
𝐺̂ =75° Angles opp. Equal sides ✓ S/R
∴D𝐹̂ G = 30° Sum of angles of triangle =180° ✓ S/R
(2)
11.2
𝐸̂ = 75° Opp. Angles of a parm are equal ✓ R
F𝐻̂ E = 75° Angles opp. Equal sides ✓ S/R
∴E𝐹̂ H =30° Sum of anges of a triangle = 180° ✓ S/R
(3)
11.3
D𝐹̂ E =75° Alt angles DE//EF ✓ S/R
∴D𝐹̂ H = 45° ✓ Correct angle
(2)
[7]

FUNCTIONS AND GRAPHS

COGNITIVE
SOLUTIONS MARKS
LEVELS
QUESTION 1 [12]
1.1
𝑥 ∈ ℝ OR 𝑥 ∈ (−∞; ∞) ✓ answer
(1) K
1.2 𝑦 > 0 OR 𝑦 ∈ (0; ∞)
✓ answer

(1) K
1.2
T(2; 1) lies on each graph. Substitute 2 for 𝑥 and
1for 𝑦 in the equations
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 𝑥
✓
1 = 𝑎2  substitution
∴ 𝑎 = −1 or 𝑎 = 1  answers
but 𝑎 ≠ 1 for exponential graphs
∴𝑎=1   answer
𝑏
𝑔(𝑥) =
𝑥
𝑏
1=2 
✓
∴ 𝑏 = 2 substitution

 answer (5) R

QUESTION 2

2.1 x − int . y=0 B(2;0)

 2x − 4 = 0
 2x = 4
x = 2
B(2;0)
(2)

2.2 (2;0) : q = −8 q = −8
 0 = a(2) − 8
2
substitution
 8 = 4a
answers
a = 2
(3)

2.3 f ( x) = g ( x) equating
2x − 8 = 2x − 4
2
standard form
2x − 2x − 4 = 0
2
factors
x2 − x − 2 = 0
 answers
( x − 2)( x + 1) = 0
(5)
x = 2 or x = −1

2.4 g (−1) = 2(−1) − 4 = −6  A(−1;−6)

A(−1;−6)
(2)

2.5 x  −1 or x  2  answers
(2)

2.6 h(x)=2x2-8+4  substitution

h(x)=2x2- 4  answer
(2)

2.7 Translation of 4 units vertically upwards.  translation

 direction
(2)

[18]

QUESTION 3
3.1 x=0 answers
y=–4 (2)

3.2 x  R; x  0 answer

OR (2)

x  (− ; 0)  (0 ; )

3.3 3 substitution of y = 0
0= −4
x simplification
3
4=
x
4x = 3
3
x = answer
4
3
x-intercept is ( ;0) (3)
4
3.4 y asymptote
s
intercept
0 x
shape

-4
(4)

[11]

QUESTION 4

4.1 A(0 ; -2) A(0 ; -2)

(2)

4.2 y>–3 >

-3
(2)
[4]
QUESTION 5

5.1
y

h
f g
9
Shape ✓ ✓
f
x- intercepts ✓ ✓
y – intercepts ✓ ✓
(6)
x
-3 3
–9

5.2.1
x = −3 and x = 0 ✓ Answer
(2)
5.2.2 ✓ End points
−3 x  3 ✓ Notation (2)
5.3
The graph h is moved 18 units down ✓ Transformation.
having same shape as f. Does not have the
x - intercepts
✓ Does not have x – intercep
(2)
5.4 ✓ Shape
drawn on the graph at 5.1 ✓ Turning point
✓ y – intercepts

(3)
Question 6

6.1
k ✓ Substitution
y=
x
k
2= ✓ Answer
1
k=2 (2)

6.2
xR
✓ Answer
(1)
6.3

f ( x) = 2 − x ✓ Answer
(1)
6.4
✓ Substitution

y = 22 − 2
y=2 ✓ Answer

(2)
6.5
y=-2 ✓ Answer
(1)
QUESTION 7

7.1
a ✓ Formula
y=
x
a
4= ✓ Answer
4
a = 16
16
f ( x) = (2)
x
7.2
B(-4; -4) ✓ Coordinates of B
C(4; -4)
✓ Coordinates of C
(2)
7.3
x=4 ✓ Answer
(1)
7.4
y = −4 ✓ Answer (1)

7.5

AB = (8) 2 + (8) 2 ✓ Pythagoras

AB = 128 ✓ Substitution
AB = 8 2units ✓ Answer
(3)
7.6
1 ✓ Formula
Area = bh
2 ✓ Substitution
1
Area = .8.8 ✓ Answer
2
Area = 32units 2

(3)
QUESTION 8

8.1 x-intercept:
0 = x2 − 4 ✓y=0
0 = ( x − 2)( x + 2)
x = 2 or x = - 2 ✓ x – values
y-intercept:
y = -4 ✓ y – value
(3)
8.2 y

f h f:

✓ Shape
✓ x – intercepts
✓ y-intercept

(2; 3) g:

✓ Shape
✓ Quadrants

x (5)
-2 2

h
 -4

8.3 y  −4 ✓ Answer
(1)
8.4 6 ✓ Answer
g ( x) = +3 (1)
x

8.5 minimum value of f is – 4 ✓ Answer

(1)

8.6 x0 ✓ Answer

(1)

[12]

QUESTION 9

9.1 f ( x) = m x
4 = m2
✓ Substitution
2=m ✓ Answer
(2)

9.2 y=0 ✓ Answer

(1)
9.3 1
x ✓ Answer
y=  (1)
2
9.4
y
 ✓ Shape
✓ y-intercept
(2)
(0;1)

[6]

QUESTION 10
10.1 ✓ y– intercept
• (0;2) ✓ x- intercepts
✓ Shape/Turning point

(-1;0)
• • (1;0)

(3)

10.2 −1 < 𝑥 < 1 , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 ✓ Endpoints

OR ✓ Notation
𝑥 ∈ (−1; 1) (2)
10.3 𝑦 = −2𝑥 2 + 2 − 4
𝑦 = −2𝑥 2 − 2 ✓ Equation
(1)
[6]

QUESTION 11
11.1 Coordinates of D (0 ; 2 ) the 𝑦 − intercept of g ✓ Coordinates of D
The hyperbola has shifted 2 units up ✓ Answer
∴𝑘=2 (2)
11.2 6 ✓ Substitution
𝑦 =− +2
𝑥 ✓ 𝒙
6
0=− +2 (2)
𝑥
6
−2 = −
𝑥
∴𝑥=3
Coordinates of A (3; 0)
[4]