 log 2 log 2 log 3 9   log 2 log 2 2  log 2 1  0

DPP-02 log a  log ba 

5. The value of log log b is
x x x  b a 
1. If ax = by = cz = dw, then  y  z  w  equals to 5.– loga b
 
x y
Sol. We have, a = b = c = d z w log a  log b a  log  log b a  log b
5. We have, log log b  
 ax = by, ax = cz and ax = dw b a  log a log  log a b 
 x log a = y log b, x log a = z log c
and x log a = w log d  log a 
log  
x x x   log b   log b
  log a b,  log a c and  log a d log a  log b 
y z w log  
 log a 
x x x
    log a b  log a c  log a d [log  log a   log  log b ]  [log b]
y z w 
log a  [log  log b   log  log a ]
1 1 1
 x      log a bcd log b
y z w    log a b.
log a
2. If log10(15) = a and log20(50) = b then find the value
of log9(40) in terms of a & b, 6. If log 2  log 3  log 4 (x)   0 ,
Sol. Since log20(50) = b, it follows that
log 3  log 4  log 2 (y)   0 and log 4  log 2  log 3 (z)   0
 100 
log   then the sum of x, y and z is
 2  = b  2  log 2 = b 6. 89
log 20 1  log 2 6. log2 (log3 (log4 (x))) = 0  log3 (log4 (x)) = 2o = 1
 log4 (x) = 31 = 3  x = 43 = 64
2b
 log102 = Similarly y = 16; z = 9  x + y + z = 89
1 b
Since log10(15) = a, we have log 3 + log 5 = a 6. If x = log0.10.001, y = log9 81, then x2 y 

 10  A) 3  2 2 B) 32
 log 3 + log   = a
 2 C) 2 1 D) 22
 log 3 – log 2 = a – 1  log 3 = log 2 + a – 1. 6.C
Solving above equations we get
6. We have, x = log0.1 0.001 and y = log9 81
2b  x = 3 and y = 2
log 3 = +a – 1. From above equations we get
1 b 2

1  2 log 2 5b
 x2 y  32 2   2 1   2 1
log9(40) = = 7. If logy x = logz y = logx z, then
2 log 3 2ab  2a  4b  2
3. If b > 1, sin t > 0, cos t > 0 and logb(sin t) = x then A) x < y < z B) x > y  z
logb(cos t) is equal to C) x < y  z D) x = y = z
2
A) bx B) 2 log (1 – bx/2)
7.D
1 7. We have, logy x = logz y = logx z = (say)
C) logb(1 – b2x) D) 1  x 2
2 
Sol. logbsin t = x sin t = bx  x  y  , y  z  , z  x   xyz   xyz 
let logb(cos t) = y  by = cos t
1 o
b2y = cos2t = 1 – sin2t = 1 – b2x   xyz   1   xyz     1 Therefore x = y = z
1
2y = logb(1 – b2x)  y = logb(1 – b2x) log 3 log 4 log 83
2 8. If 4 9 +9 2 = 10 x , then x =
A) 4 B) 9 C) 83 D) 10
4.   
log 2  log 2 log 3  log 3 27 3   =
8.D
A) 1 B) 0 C) 3 D) 2
4.B log 3 log 4 log 83
8. We have, 4 9 +9 2 = 10 x
4.   
log 2 log 2 log 3  log 3 27 3  

 Logarithm

1
 4 2  9 2  10 log x 83 3log 2 x  2 log 2 y  log 2 z

 83  10 log x 83  log 10 83  log x 83  x = 10 12  12  3k
3 2
log x
log 2 ( x y z )

10 10 24  3k
9. For x > 0, if y = and x = ya, then a =
x2 0
A) 1 B) –1 C) 0 D) 2 
24  3k
9.B

log x  24  3k  0, then k  8
10 10 1 1
9. y    ya  a  1 12. If x, y , z simultaneously satisfy the equations
x 2 x y a
log 2 x  log 4 y  log 4 z  2,
x  y  z  x yz  x  y zx  y  z log 3 y  log 9 z  log 9 x  2 ,
10. If  
log x log y log z
log4 z  log16 x  log16 y  2 then
then
9
(A) x y y x  y z z y (B) y z z y  x z z x (A) xy  (B) yz  36
4
z y z x y x x z
(C) x z  y z (D) x y  z x
64
10. A,(B,D) (C) zx  (D) x  y  z  xyz
9
x  y  z  x y  z  x  y z x  y  z 1
   1 1
log x log y log z  12.(A,B,C,D) log 2 x  log 2 y  log 2 z  2
2 2
 log x  .x  y  z  x  ..(1)  2 log 2 x  log 2 y  log 2 z  4

log y  y  z  x  y  ..(2)  x 2 yz  16
similarly
log z  z  x  y  z  ..(3)
y 2 xz  81 , z 2 xy  28
from 1,2,3 we have
ylogx  xlogy  zlogx  xlogz  ylogz  zlogy 16 81
xyz  ... 1 , xyz  ...  2 
x y
log  x y .y x   log  x z .z x   log  z y .y z 
28
 x y .y x  x z .z x  z y y z xyz  ...  3
z
log 2 x log 2 y log 2 z multiplying 1,2,3 we get xyz=24
11. If   and x 3 y 2 z  1 then k
4 6 3k substitute this in 1,2,3 we get x= 2/3
is equal to y=27/8, z= 32/3
  1 13. If log a x   , log b x   , log c x   and
(A) -8 (B) -4 (C) 0 (D) log 2  256 
  log d x   , x  1 and a,b,c,d>1
log 2 x log 2 y log 2 z
11.(A,D)   then log abcd x is
4 6 3k
         
(A)  (B) 
16 16
1 1
(C)  1   1   1   1 (D) 

1.2
 Logarithm

1 6
13.(A,C)  log abcd x  y  1  y  3, y  2
log x abcd y
6 6
1 case-1 If y  3,log 4 x   2
 y 3
log x a  log x b  log x c  log x d
 x  16  x, y  16,3
1
 1
     1   1
1
1 1 
case-2 y  2, x   x, y   , 2 
Also, AM  HM 64  64 
     4 No.of solutions = 2
 
4 1 1 1 1
   16 :Suppose that log10  x  2   log10 y  0 and
   
x  y  2  x  y . Then the value of (x+y) is
1     
or 1 1 1 1
 Ans: 2  2 2
     16
Sol.
14. If  x1 , y1  and  x2 , y2  are the solutions of the First equation reduces to
simultaneous equations x  y  12 and
1
y  x  2  1  x   2... 1
 
2 2log y 2 x  log1/ x y  5 then x1 x2  y1 y2 is y
equal to Now, x  y  2  x  y,
14.(0) x  y  12... 1 on squaring both sides, we get

 
2 2log y2 x  log1/x y  5 , 2  log y x  log x y   5 x  y  2  2 x  y  2  x  y

1  1  x  y  2   x  y  2   1..  2 
Put log y x  t  t  2,
2
Put value of x from (1) and (2), we get
case-1 If t =2  x  y 2
1  2
x  y  12 y 2  y  12  0  y  3, 4  x  9   2   y  2   1  1   2y  4  1
y  y
 x1 , y1    9, 3
2 4 4
1  y 2  2y  1  0  y 
case-2 t   x 2 , y 2   3,9  2
2
 x1 x 2  y1 y 2  0 y  1  2 ...(3)
rejecting y=1 -
2 since it is negative
15. The number of solutions of the system of
 y =1 + 2 using (3) in (1) x= 1+ 2
equations y  1  log 4 x, x y  46 is
x  y  2  2 2
x y  46
17 The number of solutions of log   x   log x 2
y.log 4 x  6
15.(2) y  1  log 4 x , 6 is
log 4 x  Ans: 2
y
Sol.
Since the equation can be satisfied only for x<0

1.3
 Logarithm

19. It is known that x  9 is a root of the equation

hence x2  x  x
8ax
log  x 2  15a 2   log  a  2   log . If
 log  x   log   x  a2
m is the sum of other root(s) of this equation then
2
 log   x    log   x   sum of digits of m is
x 2  15a 2 8ax
 log   x   1  log   x    0 19. log  log ..............(1)
a2 a2
if log (-x) =0   x  1  x  1  x 2  15a 2  8ax
or x 2  8ax  15a 2  0 .................(2)
if log10   x   1 then x  10  x  10 .
 x  5a  x  3a   0
18 Solution of the inequality log  x 1  x 2  2x   0 is
x x
a or a 
  
Ans: 1  2, 0  1  2,   5 3
9
Sol.  x  9 satisfies (1) hence a  5 or a  3
Case(i): By the property note(i),
9
0  x 2  2x  1and 0  x  1  1 but a  is not possible  a  3
5
 x  x  2   0 and substituting a= 3 in (2)
x 2  24 x  225  0
x 2  2x  1  0 and x  1  0 x  9 or x  15
 x  x  2   0 and x 2  2x  1  0 and x  1  other root is x= 15
20. A solution of the system of equations
and x<0
x x  y  y x  y and x.y  1
we put all the cases on real line
(A) 1,1 
(B) 1, 3 3 
 1   1
3 
(C)  3  (D)  3 , 3 
 9,1   9 
29. Given equations
1 1 2 0 2 1 2
x x  y  y x  y ....................(1)
1
x.y  1  y  ........(2)
x

 x  1  2, 0  Apply log on both sides
Case(ii) : x 2  2x  1 and x  1  1 logx xylogy xy
 x 2  2x  1  0 and x  0  x  y  log x   x  y  log y ...............(3)
1 
1 1
y  y  x 2 , log y  log x
  1 2
2
x
1 2 1 2 ..............(4)
Solving (3) and (4)
We get solution of system of equations

 x  1  2,    1 1
3

Thus the values of x satisfying given inequality are as 1,1 ,  3 , 3 
 9 

given by 1  2, 0  1  2,  .   
1.4