NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

5. THERMODYNAMICS
 5.1 Thermodynamics Terms 6. Which one among the following is the
1. Which of the following are not state correct option for right relationship between
functions? CP and C V for one mole of ideal gas?
(I) q + w (II) q [2021]
(III) w (IV)H – TS [2008] (a) C V  RCP (b) CP  C V  R
(a) (I), (II) and (III) (b) (II) and (III) (c) CP  C V  R (d) CP  RC V
(c) (I) and (IV) (d) (II), (III) and (IV) 7. The correct option for free expansion of
2. In a closed insulated container a liquid is an ideal gas under adiabatic condition is
stirred with a paddle to increase the [2020]
temperature, which of the following is (a) q = 0, T = 0 and w = 0
true? [2002]
(b) q = 0, T < 0 and w > 0
(a) E = W  0, q = 0
(c) q < 0, T = 0 and w = 0
(b) E = W = q  0
(d) q > 0, T > 0 and w > 0
(c) E = 0, W = q  0
8. Under isothermal conditions, a gas at 300
(d) W = 0, E = q  0 K expands from 0.1 L to 0.25 L against a
3. Which of the following is the correct constant external pressure of 2 bar. The
equation? [1996] work done by the gas is [Given that 1 L
bar = 100 J] [2019]
(a) U = W + Q (b) U = Q – W
(a) 30 J (b) 30 J
(c) W = U + Q (d) None of these (c) 5 kJ (d) 25 J
 5.2 Applications 9. Reversible expansion of an ideal gas
4. Which amongst the following options is under isothermal and adiabatic conditions
the correct relation between change in are as shown in the figure.
enthalpy and change in internal energy? AB  Isothermal expansion
[2023] AC  Adiabatic expansion
(a) H = U = RT Which of the following options is not
(b) H + U = nR correct? [Odisha NEET 2019]

(c) H = U  ngRT

(d) H = U + ngRT

5. Which of the following P-V cure

represents maximum work done? [2022]

(a) Sisothermal  Sadiabatic

(b) TA  TB
(c) Wisothermal  Wadiabatic
(d) TC  TA
10. An ideal gas expands isothermally from
10 3 m3 to 10 2 m3 at 300 K against a
constant pressure of 10 5 N m 2 . The
work done on the gas is
[Odisha NEET 2019]

THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 38

NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

(a) +270 kJ (b) 900 J C3H8(g)  5O2(g)  3CO2(g)  4H2O()

(c) +900 kJ (d) 900 kJ at constant temperature, H  E is
11. A gas is allowed to expand in a well [2003]
insulated container against a constant
external pressure of 2.5 atm from an (a) + RT (b) 3 RT
initial volume of 2.50 L to a final volume
(c) +3 RT (d)  RT
of 4.50 L. The change in internal energy
U of the gas in joules will be [2017] 18. The molar head capacity of water at
(a) 500 J (b) 505 J constant pressure, C is 75 J K 1 mol 1 .
When 1.0 kJ of heat is supplied to 100 g
(c) +505 J (d) 1136.25 J of water which is free to expand, the
12. Equal volume of two monatomic gases, A increase in temperature of water is [2003]
and B at same temperature and pressure (a) 1.2 K (b) 2.4 K
are mixed. The ratio of specific heats
(CP / C V ) of the mixture will be [2012] (c) 4.8 K (d) 6.6 K
19. When 1 mol of gas is heated at constant
(a) 0.83 (b) 1.50 volume temperature is raised from 298 to
(c) 3.3 (d) 1.67 308 K. Heat supplied to the gas is 500 J.
Then which statement is correct? [2001]
13. Which of the following is correct option for
free expansion of an ideal gas under (a) q = w = 500 J, E = 0
adiabatic condition? [2011]
(b) q = E = 500 J, w = 0
(a) q = 0, T  0, w = 0
(c) q = w = 500 J, E = 0
(b) q  0, T = 0, w = 0
(d) E = 0, q = w = 500 J
(c) q = 0, T = 0, w = 0
20. For the reaction,
(d) q = 0, T < 0, w  0
C2H5OH()  3O2(g)  2CO2(g)  3H2O()
14. Three moles of an ideal gas expanded which one is true? [2000]
spontaneously into vacuum. The work
done will be [Mains 2010] (a) H  E  RT (b) H  E  RT
(a) Infinite (b) 3 Joules (c) H  E  2RT (d) H  E  2RT
(c) 9 Joules (d) Zero. 21. In an endothermic reaction, the value of
H is [1999]
15. Assume each reaction is carried out in an
open container. For which reaction will (a) Negative (b) Positive
H = E? [2006]
(c) Zero (d) Constant.
(a) 2CO(g)  O2(g)  2CO2(g)
22. One mole of an ideal gas at 300 K is
(b) H2(g)  Br2(g)  2HBr(g) expanded isothermally from an initial
volume of 1 litre to 10 litres. The E for
(c) C(s)  2H2O(g)  2H2(g)  CO2(g) this process is [1998]
(a) 1381.1 cal (b) Zero
(d) PC 5(g)  PC 3(g)  C 2(g)
(c) 16.37 cl (d) 9 L atm
16. The work done during the expansion of a
23. During isothermal expansion of an ideal
gas from a volume of 4 dm3 to 6 dm3
gas, its [1994, 1991]
against a constant external pressure of 3
atm is (1 L atm = 101.32 J) [2004] (a) Internal energy increases
(a) 6 J (b) 608 J (b) Enthalpy decreases
(c) +304 J (d) 304 J (c) Enthalpy remains unaffected
17. For the reaction, (d) Enthalpy reduces to zero.
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 39
NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

24. For the reaction, N2  3H2 2NH 3 , H H (kJ/mol)

=? [1991] 1/2A  B +150
(a) E  2RT (b) E  2RT 3B  2C + D 125
(c) H  RT (d) E  RT
E + A  2D +350
25. If H is the change in enthalpy and E,
For B + D  E + 2C, H will be
the change in internal energy
accompanying a gaseous reaction, then [Mains 2011]
[1990] (a) 525 kJ/mol (b) 175 kJ/mol
(a) H is always greater than E (c) 325 kJ/mol (d) 325 kJ/mol
(b) H < E only if the number of moles 29. The following two reactions are known
of the products is greater than the
Fe2O3(s)  3CO(g)  2Fe(s)  3CO2(g) ;
number of moles of the reactants.
H  26.8 kJ
(c) H is always less than E
FeO(s)  CO(g)  Fe(s)  CO2(g) ;
(d) H < E only if the number of moles
of products is less than the number of H  16.5 kJ
moles of the reactant The value of H for the following reaction
 5.4 Enthalpy Change, rH of a Reaction- [Mains 2010]
Reaction Enthalpy
(a) + 10.3 kJ (b)  43.3 kJ
26. Three thermochemical equations are
given below: (c)  10.3 kJ (d) + 6.2 kJ
(i) C(graphite)  O2(g)  CO2(g) ;  r H = x 30. For which one of the following equation is
Hreaction equal to H f for the product?
kJ mol 1
[2003]
1
(ii) C( graphite)  O 2( g)  CO ( g) ;  r H = (a) N2(g)  O3(g)  N2O3(g)
2
y kJ mol 1 (b) CH4(g)  2C 2(g)  CH2C 2()  2HC (g)
1
(iii) CO ( g)  O 2( g)  CO 2( g) ;  r H = z (c) Xe(g)  2F2(g)  XeF4(g)
2
kJ mol 1 (d) 2CO(g)  O2(g)  2 CO2(g)

Based on the above equations, find out 31. Heat of combustion H for C( s) , H2(g)
which of the relationship given below is
and CH 4( g) are 94, 68 and 213 kcal /
correct. [Karnataka NEET 2013]
mol, then H for C(s)  2H2(g)  CH4(g) is
(a) z = x + y (b) x = y + a
(c) y = 2z – x (d) x = y – z [2002]
(a)  17 kcal (b)  111 kcal
27. Standard enthalpy of vaporization  vapH
(c)  170 kcal (d)  85 kcal
for water at 100C is 40.66 kJ mol 1 . The
32. Change in enthalpy for reaction,
internal energy of vaporization of water is
100C (in kJ mol 1 ) is [2012] 2H2O2()  2H2O()  O2(g)

(a) +37.56 (b) 43.76 if heat of formation of H 2 O 2(  ) and

(c) +43.76 (d) +40.66 H 2 O (  ) are  188 and  286 kJ / mol
respectively, is [2001]
(Assume water vapour to behave like an
ideal gas) (a)  196 kJ/mol (b) + 196 kJ/mol
28. Consider the following processes : (c) + 948 kJ/mol (d) – 948 kJ/mol

THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 40

NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

33. Enthalpy of CH4  1 / 2 O 2  CH3 OH is (a) + 315 kJ (b)  630 kJ

negative. If enthalpy of combustion of (c)  3.15 kJ (d)  315 kJ
CH4 and CH3OH are x and y
39. When 5 litres of a gas mixture of methane
respectively, then which reaction is
and propane is perfectly combusted at
correct? [2001]
0C and 1 atmosphere, 16 litres of
(a) x > y (b) x < y oxygen at the same temperature and
(c) x = y (d) x  y pressure is consumed. The amount of
heat released from this combustion in kJ
34. In the reaction : S + 3/2 O2  SO 3 + 2x (Hcomb (CH4 )  890 kJ mol 1,
kcal and SO 2  1/ 2O2  SO 3  y kcal,
the heat of formation of SO 2 is [1999] Hcomb. (C3H8 )  2220 kJ mol 1 ) is

(a) (2x  y) (b) ( x  y) [Karnataka NEET 2013]

(c) (x  y) (d) (2x  y) (a) 38 (b) 317

(c) 477 (d) 32
35. Given that C  O2  CO 2 , H =  x kJ
40. Enthalpy change for the reaction,
2CO  O2  2CO 2 , H =  y kJ 4H(g)  2H2(g) is 869.6 kJ
The enthalpy of formation of carbon The dissociation energy of H – H bond is
monoxide will be [1997]
[2011]
y  2x
(a) (b) 2x  y (a)  434.8 kJ (b)  869.6 kJ
2
(c) + 434.8 kJ (d) + 217.4 kJ
2x  y
(c) y  2x (d) 41. From the following bond energies :
2
36. If enthalpies of formation for C2H4(g) , H – H bond energy : 431.37 kJ mol 1

CO 2( g ) and H 2 O (  ) at 25C and 1 atm C = C bond energy : 606.10 kJ mol 1

pressure are 52, 394 and 286 kJ/mol C – C bond energy : 336.49 kJ mol 1
respectively, then enthalpy of combustion
of C2H4(g) will be [1995] C – H bond energy : 410.50 kJ mol 1

(a) + 141.2 kJ/mol (b) + 1412 kJ/mol Enthalpy for the reaction,
H H H H
| | | |
(c)  141.2 kJ/mol (d)  1412 kJ/mol C  C H  H  H  C C H
| | | |
 5.5 Enthalpies for Different Types of H H H H
Reactions will be [2009]
37. The bond dissociation energies of X 2 , (a)  243.6 kJ mol 1
Y2 and XY are in the ratio of 1 : 0.5 : 1.
(b)  120.0 kJ mol 1
H for the formation of XY is 200 kJ
mol 1 . The bond dissociation energy of (c) 553.0 kJ mol 1
X 2 will be [2018]
(d) 1523.6 kJ mol 1
(a) 200 kJ mol 1 (b) 100 kJ mol 1 42. Bond dissociation enthalpy of H2 , C 2
and HC  are 434, 242 and 431 kJ mol 1
(c) 800 kJ mol 1 (d) 400 kJ mol 1
respectively. Enthalpy of formation of
38. The heat of combustion of carbon to HC  is [2008]
CO 2 is 393.5 kJ/mol. The heat released
(a)  93 kJ mol 1 (b) 245 kJ mol 1
upon formation of 35.2 g of CO 2 from
carbon and oxygen gas is [2015] (c) 93 kJ mol 1 (d)  245 kJ mol 1
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 41
NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

43. Consider the following reactions : (a) U  0, S total  0

(i) H  ( aq)  OH  ( aq)  H2 O (  ) , H  X1 (b) U  0, S total  0
kJ mol 1 (c) U  0, S total  0
(ii) H2(g)  1/ 2O2(g)  H2O() , H   X 2 kJ (d) U  0, S total  0
1
mol
48. For the reaction, 2C (g)  C 2(g) , the
(iii) CO2(g)  H2(g)  CO2  H2O() , correct option is [2020]
1
H   X3 kJ mol (a)  r H  0 and  r S  0
(iv) C2H2(g)  5 / 2O2(g)  2CO2(g)  H2O() , (b)  r H  0 and  r S  0
1
H   X 4 kJ mol (c)  r H  0 and  r S  0
Enthalpy of formation of H 2 O (  ) is [2007] (d)  r H  0 and  r S  0

(a)  X3 kJ mol 1 (b)  X 4 kJ mol 1 49. In which case change in entropy is

negative? [2019]
(c)  X1 kJ mol 1 (d)  X2 kJ mol 1
(a) 2H g)  H 2( g)
44. Given that bond energies of H – H and
(b) Evaporation of water
C  C are 430 kJ mol 1 and 240 kJ
(c) Expansion of a gas at constant
mol 1 respectively and H f for HC  is
temperature
90 kJ mol 1 , bond enthalpy of HC  is
(d) Sublimation of solid to gas
[2007]
50. For a given reaction, H  35.5 kJ mol 1
(a) 380 kJ mol 1 (b) 425 kJ mol 1 and S  83.6 J K 1 mol 1 . The reaction
is spontaneous at (Assume that H and
(c) 245 kJ mol 1 (d) 290 kJ mol 1
S do not vary with temperature.) [2017]
45. The absolute enthalpy of neutralization of
the reaction : (a) T > 425 K
(b) All temperatures
MgO (s)  2HC (aq)  MgCl 2(aq)  H2O()
will be [2005] (c) T < 298 K
(d) T < 425 K
(a)  57.33 kJ mol 1
51. For a sample of perfect gas when its
(b) Greater than 57.33 kJ mol 1 pressure is changed isothermally from p i
(c) Less than 57.33 kJ mol 1 to p f , the entropy change is given by?

(d) 57.33 kJ mol 1 [NEET-II 2016]

46. If the bond energies of H – H, Br – Br and p 

(a) S  nR n  f 
H – Br are 433, 192 and 367 kJ mol 1  pi 
respectively, the H for the reaction
H2(g)  Br2(g)  2 HBrg) is [2004] p 
(b) S  nR n  i 
 pf 
(a) 261 kJ (b) + 103 kJ
(c) + 261 kJ (d)  103 kJ p 
(c) S  nRT n  f 
 5.6 Spontaneity  pi 
47. For irreversible expansion of an ideal gas p 
under isothermal condition, the correct (d) S  RT n  i 
option is [2021]  pf 

THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 42

NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

52. The correct thermodynamic conditions for 1

the spontaneous reaction at all (a) C( graphite)  O 2( g)  CO ( g)
2
temperatures is [NEET-I 2016]
1
(a) H < 0 and S > 0 (b) CO( g)  O 2( g)  CO 2( g)
2
(b) H < 0 and S < 0 1
(c) Mg ( s)  O 2( g)  MgO ( s)
(c) H < 0 and S = 0 2
(d) H > 0 and S < 0 1 1 1
(d) C( graphite)  O 2( g)  CO 2( g)
53. Consider the following liquid-vapour 2 2 2
equilibrium 58. The enthalpy of fusion of water is 1.435
Liquid Vapour kcal/mol. The molar entropy change for
the melting of ice at 0C is [2012]
Which of the following relations is
correct? [NEET-I 2016] (a) 10.52 cal/(mol K)
d n P  H  d n P H (b) 21.04 cal/(mol K)
(a) 2
 2
(b) 
dT T dT RT 2 (c) 5.260 cal/(mol K)
d n G H  d n P  H (d) 0.526 cal/(mol K)
(c) 2
 2
(d) 
dT RT dT RT 59. If the enthalpy change for the transition of
54. Which of the following statements is liquid water to stem is 30 kJ mol 1 at
correct for the spontaneous adsorption of 27C, the entropy change for the process
a gas? [2014] would be [2011]
(a) S is negative and, therefore H (a) 10 J mol 1 K 1 (b) 1.0 J mol 1 K 1
should be highly positive.
(c) 0.1 J mol 1 K 1 (d) 100 J mol 1 K 1
(b) S is negative and therefore, H
should be highly negative. 60. Standard entropies of X 2 , Y2 and XY3
(c) S is positive and therefore, H are 60, 40 and 50 J K 1 mol 1
should be negative. respectively. for the reaction 1/ 2X 2 +
(d) S is positive and therefore, H 3/2 Y2 XY3 , H = 30 kJ, to be at
should be highly positive. equilibrium, the temperature should be
55. For the reaction, X2O4()  2XO2(g) [2010]
(a) 750 K (b) 1000 K
U  2.1 kcal, S  20 cal K 1 at 300 K
(c) 1250 K (d) 500 K
Hence, G is [2014] 61. For vaporization of water at 1
(a) 2.7 kcal (b) 2.7 kcal atmospheric pressure, the values of H
(c) 9.3 kcal (d) 9.3 kcal and S are 40.63 kJ mol 1 and 108.8 J
56. A reaction having equal energies of K 1 mol 1 , respectively. The temperature
activation for forward and reverse when Gibbs’ energy change (G) for this
reactions has [2013] transformation will be zero, is
(a) H = 0 [Mains 2010]
(b) H = G = S = 0 (a) 273.4 K (b) 393.4 K
(c) S = 0 (c) 373.4 K (d) 293.4 K

(d) G = 0 62. The values of H and S for the reaction,

57. In which of the following reactions, C(graphite)  CO2(g)  2CO(g)

standard reaction entropy change (S) is
are 170 kJ and 170 J K 1 , respectively.
positive and standard Gibbs energy
This reaction will be spontaneous at
change (G) decreases sharply with
increasing temperature? [2012] [2009]

THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 43

NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

(a) 910 K (b) 1110 K (a) TS < H and both H and S are
+ve
(c) 510 K (d) 710 K
63. For the gas phase reaction, (b) TS > H and H is +ve and S is
ve
PC 5( g) PC 3(g)  C 2(g)
(c) TS > H and both H and S are
which of the following conditions are +ve
correct? [2008] (d) TS = H and both H and S are
(a) H < 0 and S < 0 +ve.

(b) H > 0 and S < 0 68. Standard enthalpy and standard entropy
changes for the oxidation of ammonia at
(c) H = 0 and S < 0 298 K are 382.64 kJ mol 1 and 145.6
(d) H > 0 and S > 0 J mol 1 , respectively. Standard Gibbs’
64. Identify the correct statement for change energy change for the same reaction at
298 K is [2004]
of Gibbs’ energy for a system ( G system )
at constant temperature and pressure. (a)  221.1 kJ mol 1
[2006] (b)  339.3 kJ mol 1
(a) If G system  0 , the process is not
(c)  439.3 kJ mol 1
spontaneous.
G system  0 ,
(d)  523.2 kJ mol 1
(b) If the process is
spontaneous. 69. Considering entropy (S) as a
thermodynamic parameter, the criterion
(c) If G system  0 , the system has for the spontaneity of any process is
attained equilibrium. [2004]
(d) If G system  0 , the system is still (a) Ssystem  Ssurrounding  0
moving in a particular direction.
(b) Ssystem  Ssurrounding  0
65. The enthalpy and entropy change for the
reaction: (c) Ssystem  0 only
Br2()  C 2(g)  2BrC (g)
(d) Ssurrounding  0 only.
1 1 1
are 30 kJ mol and 105 J K mol
respectively. The temperature at which 70. What is the entropy change (in J K 1
the reaction will be in equilibrium is mol 1 ) when one mole of ice is converted
[2006] into water at 0C? (The enthalpy change
for the conversion of ice to liquid water is
(a) 300 K (b) 285.7 K
6.0 kJ mol 1 at 0C.) [2003]
(c) 273 K (d) 450 K
(a) 20.13 (b) 2.013
66. Which of the following pairs of a chemical
reaction is certain to result in a (c) 2.198 (d) 21.98
spontaneous reaction? [2005] 71. The densities of graphite and diamond at
(a) Exothermic and increasing disorder 298 K are 2.25 and 3.31 g cm 3 ,
(b) Exothermic and decreasing disorder respectively. If the standard free energy
difference (G) is equal to 1895 J
(c) Endothermic and increasing disorder
mol 1 , the pressure at which graphite will
(d) Endothermic and decreasing disorder be transformed into diamond at 298 K is
67. A reaction occurs spontaneously if [2005] [2003]

THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 44

NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

(a) 9.92  108 Pa (b) 9.92  107 Pa The sign of H, S and G would be
[1994]
(c) 9.92  10 6 Pa (d) 9.92  105 Pa
(a) , +, + (b) +, ++, 
72. Unit of entropy is [2002]
(c) +, , + (d) , +, 
(a) J K 1 mol 1 (b) J mol 1
(c) J 1 K 1 mol 1 (d) J K mol 1
73. 2 moles of ideal gas at 27C temperature
is expanded reversibly from 2 lit. to 20 lit.
Find entropy change. (R = 2 cal/mol K)
[2002]
(a) 92.1 (b) 0
(c) 4 (d) 9.8
74. PbO 2  PbO ; G298  0
SnO 2  SnO ; G298  0
Most probable oxidation state of Pb and
Sn will be [2001]
(a) Pb 4  , Sn 4  (b) Pb 4  , Sn 2 

(c) Pb 2  , Sn 2  (d) Pb 2  , Sn 4 
75. Cell reaction is spontaneous when [2000]
(a) G is negative
(b) G is positive

(c) Ered is positive

(d) Ered is negative.
76. Identify the correct statement regarding
entropy. [1998]
(a) At absolute zero of temperature, the
entropy of all crystalline substances is
taken to be zero.
(b) At absolute zero of temperature, the
entropy of a perfectly crystalline
substance is +ve.
(c) At absolute zero of temperature,
entropy of a perfectly crystalline
substance is taken to be zero.
(d) At 0C, the entropy of a perfectly
crystalline substance is taken to be
zero.
 5.7 Gibbs Energy Change and
Equilibrium
77. Following reaction occurring in an
automobile
2C8H18(g)  25O2  16CO2(g)  18H2O(g)

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NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

ANSWER KEYS

1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c)

7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (d)

13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (b)

19. (b) 20. (a) 21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (b)

25. (d) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (d) 30. (c)

31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (a) 36. (d)

37. (c) 38. (None) 39. (b) 40. (c) 41. (b) 42. (a)

43. (d) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (d) 47. (d) 48. (d)

49. (a) 50. (a) 51. (b) 52. (a,c) 53. (b) 54. (b)

55. (b) 56. (a) 57. (a) 58. (c) 59. (d) 60. (a)

61. (c) 62. (b) 63. (d) 64. (c) 65. (b) 66. (a)

67. (c) 68. (b) 69. (a) 70. (d) 71. (a) 72. (a)

73. (d) 74. (d) 75. (a) 76. (c) 77. (d)

THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 46

NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

1. Ans.: (b) w  Pex V  0
Solution: For adiabatic process, q = 0
State functions or state variable are those According to first law of thermodynamics,
which depend only on the state of the
U  q  w  0
system and not on how the state was
reached. As internal energy of an ideal gas is a
function of temperature, U = 0,  T = 0
q  w  E (int ernal energy )
State functions 8. Ans.: (b)
H  TS  G ( free energy ) 
Solution:
Path function depends on the path
followed during a process. Work and heat Expansion of a gas against a constant
are the path functions. external pressure is an irreversible
process. The work done in an irreversible
2. Ans.: (a) process
Solution:  PextV  Pext ( V2  V1 )  2(0.25  0.1)
The mathematical form of first law of  2 0.15 L bar  0.30  100 J =  30 J.
thermodynamics : q = E + w
9. Ans.: (d)
Since the system is closed and insulated,
q=0 Solution:
For an ideal gas, internal energy is a
Paddle work is done on system.  w  0.
function of temperature. Final
Temperature and hence internal energy temperature i.e., TC for adiabatic process
of the system increases. is less than its initial temperature i.e., TA
 E  0.
 TC  TA
3. Ans.: (b)
10. Ans.: (b)
Solution:
Solution:
This is the mathematical relation of first
w  PdV  P( V2  V1 )
law of thermodynamics. Here U =
change in internal energy; Q = heat  10 6 N m2 (10 2  10 3 ) m3
absorbed by the system and W = work
done by the system.  105 Nm2 (9  10 3 ) m3
4. Ans.: (d)
 9  10 2 N m =  900 J ( 1 J  1 N m)
Solution:
11. Ans.: (b)
H  U  ngRT
Solution:
5. Ans.: (b) w  Pext V  2.5 (4.50  2.50)
6. Ans.: (c)
 5 L atm = 5  101.325 J = 506.625J
Solution:
U  q  w
CP  C V  nR
As, the container is insulated, thus q = 0
For one mole of ideal gas, Hence, U = w = 506.625 J
CP  C V  R or CP  C V  R 12. Ans.: (d)
7. Ans.: (a) Solution:
Solution: CP for monoatomic gas mixture of same
For free expansion of an ideal gas, 5 3
volume  R , C V  R
Pex  0 , 2 2

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NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

5 75
R 1 g of water  J K 1
CP 2 5 18
    1.67
CV 3 3
R 75
2 100 g of water   100 J K 1
18
13. Ans.: (c)
75
Solution: Q  m  C  T or 1000  100   T
18
For free expansion of an ideal gas under
10  18
adiabatic condition q = 0, T = 0, w = 0.  T   2.4 K
75
For free expansion, w = 0, adiabatic
process, q = 0 19. Ans.: (b)

U  q  w  0 Solution:
H  E  PV
Internal energy remain constant means
T = 0. When V  0 ; w = 0
14. Ans.: (d) H  E  0 or H  E
Solution: As E  q  w , E  q
Since the ideal gas expands In the present problem, H  500 J,
spontaneously into vacuum, Pext  0 ,
H  E  500J, q  500 J, w  0
hence work done is also zero.
15. Ans.: (b) 20. Ans.: (a)

Solution: Solution:

H  E  ngRT H  E  PV
also PV = nRT (ideal gas equation)
For H2(g)  Br2(g)  2HBr(g)
or PV  ngRT
ng  2  (1 1)  0 . i.e. H  E
n g  Change in number of gaseous
16. Ans.: (b) moles
Solution:  H  E  ngRT  n g  2  3  1
Work =  Pext  volume change
 H  E  RT
 3  (6  4) 101.32
21. Ans.: (b)
 6 101.32  607.92 J  608 J Solution:
17. Ans.: (b) In endothermic reactions, energy of
Solution: reactants is less than energy of products.
Thus, ER  EP .
C3H8(g)  5O2(g)  3CO2(g)  4H2O()
H  EP  ER  ve
ng  3  6  3
22. Ans.: (b)
H  E  PV or H  E  PV
Solution:
H  E  ngRT  3RT
Change in internal energy depends upon
18. Ans.: (b) temperature. At constant temperature,
Solution: the internal energy of the gas remains
constant, so E = 0.
Molar heat capacity = 75 J K 1 mol 1
23. Ans.: (c)
1 1
18 g of water = 1 mole = 75 J K mol Solution:
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 48
NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

During isothermal expansion of an ideal 2D  A + E 350 kJ/mol

gas, T = 0, E = 0  H = 0
B  D  E  2C ; H = (300 – 125 – 350)
H  E  PV
= 175 kJ/mol
 H  E  (PV)  E  (bRT)
29. Ans.: (d)
 H  E  nRT  0  0  0 Solution:
Change in enthalpy is zero, means its Fe2O3(s)  3CO(g)  2Fe(s)  3CO2(g) ;
enthalpy remains same or unaffected.
24. Ans.: (b) H  26.8 kJ …(i)
Solution: FeO(s)  CO(g)  Fe(s)  CO2(g) ;
ng  2  4  2 , H  E  2RT H  16.5 kJ …(ii)
25. Ans.: (d) Fe2O3(s)  CO(g)  2FeO(s)  CO2(g) ;
Solution:
H  ? …(iii)
If np  nr ; n g  n p  n r   ve .
Eq. (iii) can be obtained as :
Hence, H < E. (i) – 2(ii) = 26.8 – 2(16.5)
26. Ans.: (b) = 26.8 + 33.0 = +6.2 kJ
Solution: 30. Ans.: (c)
According to Hess’s law, equation (i) is Solution:
equal to equations (ii) + (iii) i.e., x = y + z
For (c), Hreaction
27. Ans.: (a)
Solution:  H f ( XeF4 )  [H f ( Xe )  2H f (F2 )]

 vapH  40.66 kJ mol 1

Enthalpies of formation of elementary
substances Xe and F2 are taken as zero.
T = 100 + 273 = 373 K, E = ?
Thus, Hreaction  H f ( XeF4 )
H  E  ngRT  E  H  ngRT
31. Ans.: (a)
n g  number of gaseous moles of Solution:
products – number of gaseous moles of (i) C(s)  O2(g)  CO2(g) ; Hi  94
reactants
kcal / mole
H2O () H 2 O ( g)
(ii) 2H2(g)  O2(g)  2H2O() ;
ng  1 0  1 Hii  68  2 kcal/mole
E  H  RT (iii) CH4(g)  2O2(g)  CO2(g)  2H2O() ;
E  (40.66  103 )  (8.314  373) Hiii  213 kcal/mole

= 37559 J/mol or 37.56 kJ/mol (iii) C(s)  2H2(g)  CH4(g) ; Hiv  ?

28. Ans.: (b) By applying Hess’s law, we can compute
Solution: Hiv .

Adding all the equations, we get  Hiv  Hi  Hii  Hiii

H  (94  68  2  213)kcal  17 kcal
A  2B 300 kJ/mol 32. Ans.: (a)
3B  2C + D 125 kJ/mol Solution:
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 49
NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

H f   Hf (products)   Hf (reac tan t )  y  y  2x

H   x      kJ
 2 2
For the given reaction,
36. Ans.: (d)
2H2O2()  2H2O()  O2(g)
Solution:
Hof  2  Hof (H O)  2  Hof (H O ) C2H4  3O2  2 CO 2  2H2O
2 2 2

 2  286 kJ mol 1  2  (188) kJ mol 1 H  Hproducts

o
 Hreac
o
tan ts

 196 kJ mol 1  2  (394)  2  (286)  (52  0)

33. Ans.: (a)  1412 kJ/mol

Solution: 37. Ans.: (c)

CH4  2O2  CO 2  2H2O , Solution:

Let B.E. of X 2 , Y2 and XY are x kJ
H1  x …(i)
mol 1 , 0.5x kJ mol 1 and x kJ mol 1
3 respectively.
CH3 OH  O 2  CO 2  2H2O ,
2
1 1
X 2  Y2  XY ; H  200 kJ mol 1
H2  y …(ii) 2 2
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get H   (B.E.)Re ac tan ts   (B.E.)Pr oducts
1 1 
CH 4  O 2  CH3 OH , H3  ve 1
  200    ( x )   (0.5 x )  [1 ( x )]
2
2 2 
i.e.,  x  (y)  ve
B.E. of X2  x  800 kJ mol 1
y  x  ve . Hence, x > y.
38. Ans.: (None)
34. Ans.: (d)
Solution:
Solution:
Given :
3
S  O 2  SO 3  2x kcal …(i) C(s)  O2(g)  CO2(g) , H  393.5 kJ/mol
2
1 Amount of heat released on formation of
SO 2  O 2  SO 3  y kcal ..(ii) 44 g CO 2 = 393.5 kJ
2
By subtracting equation (ii) from (i) we get  Amount of heat released on formation
of 35.2 g of CO 2
S  O2  SO 2  (2x  y) kcal
393.5
The heat of formation of SO 2 is (2x – y)   35.2 = 314.8  315 kJ
44
kcal/mole.
Note : ve or +ve sign considering the
35. Ans.: (a) reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
Solution: 39. Ans.: (b)
C(s)  O2(g)  CO2(g) ; H  x kJ …(i) Solution:
CH4  2O2  CO 2  2H2O
1 y
CO ( g)  O 2( g)  CO 2( g) ; H  kJ …(ii)
2 2 C3H8  5O2  3CO 2  4H2O
By subtracting equation (ii) from (i) we get, No. of moles in gaseous mixture
1 5
C( s )  O 2( g)  CO ( g) ; CH 4  C3H8   0.22 moles
2 22.4
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 50
NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

16 Solution:
No. of moles of O 2  = 0.71 moles
22.4 The amount of heat absorbed or released
Let x moles of CH4 is there in a gaseous when 1 mole of a substance is directly
obtained from it constituent elements is
mixture so, number of moles of C3H8 called the heat of formation or enthalpy of
would be 0.22 – x. Then moles of O 2 formation.
consumed, 2x + (0.22 – x)5 = 0.71 or x = Equation (i) represents neutralization
0.13 reaction, (iii) represents hydrogenation
Total amount of heat liberated = 0.13  reaction and (iv) represents combustion
890 + 0.09  2220 = 315.5 kJ reaction.
40. Ans.: (c) The enthalpy of formation of H 2 O (  ) is
Solution:  X 2 kJ mol 1 .
The dissociation energy of H – H bond is 44. Ans.: (b)
869.6
 434.8 kJ Solution:
2
1 1
41. Ans.: (b) H2  C 2  HC 
2 2
Solution:
H  B.E. (reac tan ts)  B.E. (products)
For the given reaction, enthalpy of
reaction can be calculated as 1
 [B.E.(H2 )  B.E.(C 2 )]  B.E.(HC )  90
  B.E.(reac tan ts)   B.E.(products) 2

 [B.E. (C  C)  B.E.(HH)  4  B.E.(C H) ] 1

( 430  240)  B.E..(HC )  90
2
 [B.E.(C  C)  6  B.E.(C H) ]
1
B.E.(HC ) ( 430  240)  90
 [606.10  431.34  4  410.50]  2
[336.49  6  410.50]  425 kJ mol 1
45. Ans.: (c)
 2679.47  279.49  120.02 kJ mol 1
Solution:
42. Ans.: (a) MgO is the oxide of weak base and we
Solution: know that heat of neutralisation of 1 eq.
of strong acid with strong base is 57.33
H2  C 2  2HC  kJ/mol.
Hreaction   (B.E.)reac tan ts   (B.E.)products  With weak base some heat is
absorbed dissociation of weak base.
 [(B.E)HH  (B.E)C  C ]  [2B.E.(H C) ]
 Het of neutralisation of weak base
 434  242  (431)  2 with strong acid will be less than 57.33
kJ/mol.
HreacItion  186 kJ 46. Ans.: (d)
Heat of formation is the amount of heat Solution:
absorbed or evolved when one mole of
substance is directly obtained form its H – H + Br – Br  2H – Br
constituent elements. 433 + 192 2  364
Hence, enthalpy of formation of HC  = = 625 = 728
 186
 93 kJ mol 1 Energy absorbed Energy released
2
Net energy released = 728 – 625 = 103
43. Ans.: (d) kJ i.e. H  103 kJ
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 51
NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

47. Ans.: (d) If H  0 and S  0

Solution: G  (ve)  T(ve)
For reversible and irreversible expansion then at all temperatures, G = ve,
for an ideal gas under isothermal
spontaneous reaction.
condition, U  0 , but S total i.e.,
Ssys  SSurr is not zero for irreversible If H  0 and S  0
process. G  ( ve)  T(0)  ve at all temperatures.
48. Ans.: (d) 53. Ans.: (b)
Solution: Solution:
In the reaction, 2C (g)  C 2(g) , the This is Clausius – Clapeyron equation.
randomness decrease as 2 moles of 54. Ans.: (b)
C ( g ) are converted to 1 mole of C 2( g) ,
Solution:
thus,  r S  0 .
Using Gibbs’-Helmholtz equation,
And this is an exothermic reaction, thus
G  H  TS
rH  0 .
During adsorption of a gas, entropy
49. Ans.: (a) decreases i.e., S  0
Solution: For spontaneous adsorption, G should
If ng  0 then S  be negative, which is possible when H is
highly negative.
50. Ans.: (a)
55. Ans.: (b)
Solution:
Solution:
For a spontaneous reaction,
H  U  ngRT
G  0 i.e., H  TS  0
Given, U  2.1 kcal, ng  2 ,
H  35.5  1000 
T ;T    424.6   425 K
S  8.3  R  2  10 3 kcal, T = 300 K
 T > 425 K  H  2.1  2  2  10 3  300  3.3 kcal
51. Ans.: (b)
Again, G  H  TS
Solution:
Given S  20  10 3 kcal K 1
For an ideal gas undergoing reversible
expansion when temperature changes On putting the values of H and S in
from Ti to Tf and pressure changes from the equation, we get
p i to p f ,
G  3.3  300  20  10 3
Tf p
S  nCp n  nR n i  3.3  6  10 3  10 3  2.7 kcal
Ti pf
56. Ans.: (a)
For an isothermal process, Ti  Tf so, n
1=0 Solution:

pi H  (Ea ) f  (Ea )b  0
 S  nR n
pf 57. Ans.: (a)
52. Ans.: (a,c) Solution:
Solution: 1
C( graphite)  O 2( g)  CO ( g)
G  H  TS 2
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NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

1 1 G  H  TS
ng  1  
2 2 when G  0 , H  TS
As amount of gaseous substance is
increasing in the product side thus, S is Given, H  40.63 kJ mol 1
positive for this reaction.
 40.63  10 3 J mol 1
And we know that G  H  TS
S  108.8 J K 1 mol 1
As S is positive, thus increase in
temperature will make the term ( TS) H 40.63  10 3
more negative and G will decrease.  T   373.43 K
S 108.8
58. Ans.: (c) 62. Ans.: (b)
Solution: Solution:
Hfus  1.435 kcal/mol For the reaction to be spontaneous,
G  ve
Hfus 1.435  10 3
S fus  
Tfus 273 Given : H  170 kJ  170  103 J ,

= 5.26 cal/(mol K) S  170 J K 1

59. Ans.: (d) Applying, G  H  TS , the value of
Solution: G  ve only when TS  H , which is
possible only when T = 1110 K.
We know that G  H  TS
0  H  TS [ G  0 as transition  G  170  103  (1110  170)
of H 2 O (  ) H2O() is at equilibrium] =  18700 J

H 30  10 3 Thus, reaction is spontaneous at T =

S    100 J mol 1 K 1 1110 K.
T 300
63. Ans.: (d)
60. Ans.: (a)
Solution:
Solution:
Gas phase reaction,
Given reaction is :
PC 5( g) PC 3(g)  C 2(g)
1 3
X 2  Y2 XY3
2 2 h  E  ngRT
 
We know, S   S products   S reac tan ts ng = Change in number of moles of
products and reactants species.
1 3 
 50   (60)  ( 40) 
2 2  Since n g   ve , hence H  ve

also one mole of PC 5 is dissociated into

 50  (30  60)  40 J K 1 mol 1
two moles of PC 3 and C 2 in the same
At equilibrium G  0 phase.
H  TS Therefore, S  Sproducts  Sreac tan ts
1
H  30  10 J mol
3
 T   750 K S   ve .
S  40 J K 1 mol 1
64. Ans.: (c)
61. Ans.: (c)
Solution:
Solution:
The criteria for spontaneity of a process
According to Gibbs equation, in terms of G is as follows :
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NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

 If G is negative, the process is Solution:

spontaneous.
qrev 6000
S   21.978 JK 1 mol 1
 If G is positive, the process does not T 273
occur in the forward direction. It may
occur in the backward direction. 71. Ans.: (a)

 If G is zero, the system is in Solution:

equilibrium. G  PV  Work done
65. Ans.: (b)  12 12  3
V      10 L
Solution:  3.31 2.25 
Br2()  C 2(g)  BrC (g)
 1.71 10 3 L
H  30 kJ mol 1 , S  105 J K 1 mol 1 G  Work done
T 30  (1.71 10 3 )  P  101.3 J
S  i.e., 105   1000
T T
1895
30  1000 P 3
 10.93  10 3 atm
 T  285.7 K 1.71 10  101.3
105
66. Ans.: (a)  11.08  108 Pa  9.92  108 Pa
Solution: ( 1 atm  101325 Pa)
For spontaneous reaction, H  ve , 72. Ans.: (a)
S   ve .
Solution:
Spontaneity depends upon both critical
minimum energy and maximum Entropy change (S) is given by
q
randomness disorderness. S  rev
T
67. Ans.: (c)
Solution:  Unit of entropy = J K 1 mol 1

G  H  TS 73. Ans.: (d)

G  ve for spontaneous reaction.

Solution:
qrev
When S   ve , H  ve and TS > The change of entropy dS 
H  G  ve T

68. Ans.: (b) From the first law of thermodynamics,

Solution: dq  dU  PdV  C V dT  PdV

G  H  TS 
dq dT P
 CV  dV
T T T
  145.6 
 382.64  298   dq dT RdV
 1000    CV 
T T V
 382.64  43.38  339.3 kJ mol 1  P R
For 1 mole of a gas, T  V 
69. Ans.: (a)  
Solution: dT dV
 dS  C V R
T V
For spontaneous process, S total  0 .
T2 V
 Ssys  Ssurr  0  S  C V n  R n 2
T1 V1
70. Ans.: (d) [for one mole of ideal gas]
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NEET CHEMISTRY SONAM TUITIONS

T2 (i) The given reaction is a combustion

Here T2  T1  27C  300 K  n 0
T1 reaction, therefore H is less than 0.
Hence, H is negative.
V2 20
 S  R n  2 n (ii) Since there is increase in the number
V1 2 of moles of gaseous products, therefore
 2 n 10  4.605 S is positive.
(iii) Since reaction is spontaneous,
 S  4.605 cal/mol K
therefore G is negative.
Entropy change for 2 moles of gas
 2  4.605 cal / k  9.2 cal / k
74. Ans.: (d)
Solution:
The sign and magnitude of Gibbs free
energy is a criterion of spontaneity for a
process.
When G  0 or +ve, it means Gproducts
> Greac tan ts as G  Gproducts  Greac tan ts
the reaction will not take place
spontaneously, i.e. the reaction should be
spontaneous in reverse direction.
4 2
SnO 2  SnO; G  0
(more
favourable)

G  0 or –ve, the reaction or change

occurs spontaneously.
4 2
PbO 2  PbO 2 ; G < 0
(more
favourable)

75. Ans.: (a)

Solution:
For a cell reaction to be spontaneous,
G should be negative. As
G  nFEcell , so the value will be –ve
o

only when E ocell is +ve.

76. Ans.: (c)

Solution:
The entropy of a substance increases
with increase in temperature. However at
absolute zero the entropy of a perfectly
crystalline substance is taken as zero,
which is also called as third law of
thermodynamics.
77. Ans.: (d)
Solution:
THERMODYNAMICS : (NEET PYQ’s) : 55