Voice Change Rules

Rule-01. Sentences in Present Indefinite or Past Indefinite Tense:

S(o) + is/am/are + Vpp + O(s) S(o) + was/were + Vpp + O(s)

Rule-02. Sentences in Present Continuous and Past Continuous Tense:

S(o) + is/am/are + being + Vpp + O(s) S(o) + was/were + being + Vpp + O(s)

Rule-03. Sentences in Present Perfect or Past perfect or Future perfect Tense:

S(o) + has/have + been + Vpp + O(s) S(o) + had + been + Vpp + O(s) S(o) + shall/will + have + been + Vpp + O(s)

Rule-04. Future and other modals: [modals: shall, will, should, would, can, could, may, might, must, ought to, (need, dare)]

S(o) + modal + be + Vpp + O(s)

Rule-05. Imperative Sentences:

Let + Object + be + Vpp

OR, You are ordered/requested/warned/forbidden/directed/instructed/invited etc (not) to + ……………

Rule-06. Interrogative Sentences: Step Solution:

Note: Initial ‘Do/ Does’ becomes ‘is/am/are’ How had he solved the problem?
Initial ‘Did’ becomes ‘was/were’
How (he had solved the problem)?
Type-01.
How (the problem had been solved by him)?
When did he finish the work?
→How had the problem been solved by him?
When was the work finished by him?
.-------------------------------------------------------------------.
Type-02.
Who has broken the cup? Did you call me?
By whom has the cup been broken? (You called me)?
Type-03. (I was called by you)?
Which book do you want? →Was I called by you?
Which book is wanted by you?
How many mangoes do you buy?
How many mangoes are bought by you?
Rule-07. Infinitives:
Note: 1. Many verbs take object and infinitives after it. These infinitives can not be changed into passive voice. Some of these infinitives
are changed into passive voice when they are immediately followed by the finite verb.
Note: 2. But infinitives used after ‘be-verb’ or ‘have-verb’ can often be changed into passive form.
Example:
(a) The boy asked me to help him.
I was asked by the boy to help him.
(b) He wished to invite his friends.
His friends are wished to be invited by him.
(c) I have to finish my homework.
My homework has to be finished by me.
Rule-08. Quasi passive:
Note: Some verbs are used transitively and in transitively with different kinds of subjects. They are active in form but passive in sense.
Type-01:
The door opened.
The door was opened.
Type-02:
Honey tests sweet.
Honey is sweet when it is tested.
Type-03:
The bell is ringing.
The bell is being rung.

 There are a few more exceptional examples.