ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to determine the effectivity of indigenous materials

such as wood shreds, kans grass and rice straw in making bricks by testing the
compressive strength, density, shatter resistance.
The raw materials were shredded and grinded to attain a fine particle size for
mixing and compaction. Three treatments were formulated using each of the raw
materials and cement as the main binder. Results showed that the Treatment 1 (wood
shreds) gave the most explicit results for compressive strength with 50.32 N/mm 2, 0.78
g/cc for brick density and the highest number of drops for shatter resistance while
Treatment 3 (rice straw) had the lowest results among the three.
These lead to the conclusion that bricks made of wood shreds have the highest
compressive strength and can withstand a high load stress. Bricks made of wood shreds
also have the highest density which means that its particles are compacted evenly. It has
also the highest shatter resistance because it was more resistant to impact and damage
determined by the one-meter drop test.

Keywords: compressive strength, density, shatter resistance.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“Try not to become a man of success but rather

try to become a man of value”

--- Albert Einstein

The authors wish to extend their sincerest gratitude to whom they are

indebted for the completion of this study.

To Mrs. Felerma G. Urbano, their Research Adviser who taught them on

how to make a research proposal until the making of this research paper, not only

for requirement purpose but also for them to learn to value time, have self-

confidence, how to manage and consume their fund wisely and properly which

they can apply in their everyday life.

To Dr. Victorino T. Taylan, Director of Affiliated Renewable Energy Centre

CLSU or (CLSU-AREC), who shared his ideas and expertise about the study.

To Mr. Andres Tuatez, Acting Section-Chief of Agricultural Waste

Utilization, Philippine Center for Post-harvest Development and Mechanization

(PHilMech), who patiently and persistently assisted the researchers throughout

the experiment.

To Mr. Dante Niegos, Laboratory Aid of PhilMech, for his untiring guidance

in the experiment even though the researchers experienced a lot of challenges in

the experiment.

To their classmates and friends who were always there whenever the

researchers needed encouragement to continue and finish this project.

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 To their parents, for being very supportive not only in terms of financial

aspects but also for their moral support, patience and understanding, and for their

unconditional love that mould the researchers to become better persons.

Above all, to Almighty God who is always there, granting them all the

strength, knowledge and wisdom which they are using to finish this research

investigation productively and for all the blessings He is giving all the time.

-The Researchers

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

ABSTRACT ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS v

LIST OF TABLES vii

LIST OF FIGURES viii

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES ix

INTRODUCTION 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 2

Hypothesis 3

Significance of the Study 3

Scope and Limitations 4

Review of Related Literature 4

Review of Related Studies 5

Definition of Terms 8

Research Paradigm 9

METHODOLOGY 10

Preparation of Indigenous Materials 10

Mixing and Moulding of Bricks 10

Demoulding of Bricks 11

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 Curing of the Bricks 11

Testing for Compressive Strength 12

Testing for Density 12

Testing for Shatter Resistance 13

Statistical Analysis 13

Experimental Procedure 15

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 16

Compressive Strength 16

Brick Density 17

Shatter Resistance 18

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 19

RECOMMENDATION 19

BIBLIOGRAPHY 20

APPENDICES 23

DOCUMENTATION 28

CURRICULUM VITAE 34

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page

1 Amount of compressive load in N/mm2 16

2 Density of the samples in g/cc 17

3 Shatter resistance of the bricks using 18

one-meter drop test

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title Page

1 Paradigm of the variables under study 9

2 Flow diagram of the methods employed 15

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 LISTS OF APPENDIX TABLES

Appendix Table No. Title Page

1 Data for computation of Density 24

2 Number of drop for Shatter Resistance 24

3.1 ANOVA Table for Compressive Strength 25

3.2 ANOVA of Compressive Strength 25

4.1 ANOVA Table for Density 26

4.2 ANOVA of Density 26

5.1 ANOVA Table for Shatter Resistance 27

5.2 ANOVA of Shatter Resistance 27

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