Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Business Correspondence
Business Correspondence
INTRODUCTION
I Discuss these questions.
LAYOUT
o BLOCK STYLE (see page 95)
CONTENT
Most letters have three parts:
o AN OPENING, which says why you are writing,
o THE MAIN MESSAGE, which gives the details, and
o THE CLOSING, which usually refers to future contact.
Each part is usually a separate paragraph, but the main message can be more than one
paragraph if you are writing about more than one subject.
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II Study the following steps in letter writing.
REMEMBER!
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ELECTRONIC MAIL - GENERAL GUIDELINES
2. SUBJECT HEADING
Many people do not open all the messages they receive because a lot of them are junk mail
so they delete them straight away. That is why it is very important to write a short subject
heading which makes it clear what the message is about and which encourages the reader
to open the message. This can also help to ensure that the message goes to the right
person.
3. UPPER/LOWER CASE
Avoid capitals in emails because they are considered the same as shouting. Similarly, don’t
write all in lower case.
5. REPLY
Most commonly a reply to an email does not contain the original message, unless it is
important to do so. The person you are replying to will normally have a copy of their own
original message.
6. ATTACHMENT
Your email should always mention what you are attaching, because sometimes the receiver
is unable to open, download and convert the file attached.
7. PARAGRAPHS
Divide your message into meaningful paragraphs. It is more natural and certainly less tiring
to read several short paragraphs than one long one. Use a line space between your
paragraphs.
8. STYLE
Using the right style of writing can be a problem for inexperienced writers. The wrong style
might leave the wrong impression despite the writer’s intention. For that reason, remember
that email language should be natural and not very formal. However, informal language
should be used with caution, and is generally recommended only if you know the person
well. Avoid text-message abbreviations, slang and ‘emoticons’ (symbols which people often
use in Internet chat). It is always a good idea to check your email for language and style
before you send it. A badly spelled, poorly written e-mail can give a very negative
impression.
Adapted from A. Littlejohn: Company to Company, Fourth Edition, 2006, Cambridge University Press
59
LAYOUT
Outlook Express
Beewiz Co.
13 King Street To: tripfinder@finder.com
Manchester M35
England From: john.gooding@beewiz.com
Cc: dbrowns@beewiz.com
TRIPFINDER Co.
4 Hawk Road Subject: Trip to Split
Manchester M35
Dear Sir or Madam
England
We are writing in connection with the above
Our ref: JG/st/4
trip.
5 June 2010
We would like to inform you that the number of
people interested in the trip has changed.
There are now 22 persons on the list.
Dear Sir or Madam
We hope that this has not caused you any
Trip to Split inconvenience.
John Gooding
John Gooding
HR Manager
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LAYOUT: BLOCK STYLE
I Study the layout of business letters, the “BLOCK STYLE”. How is information
organised? How are paragraphs separated? Where do they begin?
John Gooding
SIGNATURE
(WRITTEN AND John Gooding
TYPED) HR Manager
TITLE
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II Copy the mixed-up sentences in the empty form below to write a correct
email. Divide the message into paragraphs leaving space lines. Add any other
necessary information, e.g. e-mail addresses etc.
Dear Mr Zorić
Visit to Zagreb
I am now planning a trip to Europe and I would be very pleased if we could meet to discuss
the new technology you would like to introduce.
Marc Sullivan
Sales Manager
Export Division
www.buptech.co
Yours sincerely
To:
From:
Subject:
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TYPES OF LETTERS
LETTER OF APPLICATION
PURPOSE
The purpose of a letter of application is to apply for the position that has been advertised.
This letter should highlight the specific qualifications, accomplishments, and abilities or work
experience that have special relevance for the position you are applying for. The job
advertisement will always tell you how to apply.
PROGRAM OFFICER
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Off the Arabian Gulf St.
Opp. Al Maqsab Gate
Safat P.O. Box 193
The Secretary-General
Asian Productivity Organization
1-2-10 Hirakawa-cho, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 102-0093
Japan
OPENING
3 September 2008
• say why you are writing
• refer to the job ad
Dear Sir or Madam • name the position for
Job application which you are applying
Encl: CV
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CURRICULUM VITAE/RESUME
PURPOSE
A CV/resumé is a summary of a person’s business or professional qualifications,
educational background, and work experience for a particular position. Its purpose is to give
an overview of the applicant’s capabilities, qualifications, and credentials for a given job.
In a chronological CV, which is the most common and the most readily accepted format,
information about education and professional experience is arranged in reverse order
beginning with your present or most recent position. There are many ways how to write a CV.
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL DETAILS
EDUCATION
WORK EXPERIENCE
SKILLS
Computer skills: MS Office 2008
Languages: English (C1), Italian (B2), Arabic (B1)
Additional: Driving license (personal car)
REFERENCES
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I Name the headings and categories commonly used in CVs in which you list:
a details about your working life ____________________
b schools and colleges attended ____________________
c practical abilities ____________________
d family name ____________________
f what you do in your free time ____________________
g basic facts about yourself ____________________
h people who can give information about your qualities and
character____________________
i when you were born _____________________
j proof that you have successfully completed a course _____________________
k where you live _____________________
II Find a job ad for the position you would be interested in. Then write a letter of
application and your CV.
LETTER OF ENQUIRY/INQUIRY
PURPOSE
The purpose of this letter is to get information products, services, prices, or any other
business issues. Here is an e-mail in which the writer is enquiring about a product.
Dear Mr Demer
• mention how
I am writing to enquire about the washing machines which I found you got the
contact
on your website.
• give reason for
writing
We are interested in your B2X washing machines. We are a Croatian
company exporting to the EU, and we need good quality products. • say what you
require
Please send us information about your product range and prices.
• ask for action
We look forward to receiving your reply.
Marko Ivic
Purchasing Manager
Velicro d.d.
Splitska 12
10000 Zagreb
Hrvatska
www.velicro.hr
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I Read the reply and underline the phrases that typically appear in replies to
inquiries.
Thank you for your email of 25 May enquiring about our washing machines.
We are happy to inform you that we can supply the items you inquired about
directly from stock. We can offer a discount of 10% on orders over €10, 000. We
dispatch the goods within 24 hours of a firm order.
We are attaching our current catalogue and price list. You will see that B2X line of
washing machines is on special offer.
If you need any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Yours sincerely
Mahmud Demer
Sales Manager
Write a letter of inquiry to Ms Linda Bertich at Oxford University Press inquiring about an e-
learning package for Business English. Ask if they offer any discounts for university students.
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LETTER OF COMPLAINT
PURPOSE
Letters of complaint are sent when customers or business partners are not satisfied with the
quality of service or product they have purchased or agreed on. Complaints can be mild or
strong, depending on the situation. Here are two letters of complaint. Underline
words/expressions that indicate a mild or
a strong complaint.
Dear Mr Ivić
• say why you
I am writing to complain about the washing machine I bought from are writing
your website.
Dear Mr Ivić
• say why you
It is now two weeks since I complained about the washing machine are writing
and I still have not received any reply.
I would like to point out once again that the washing machine
repeatedly leaves the laundry stained. • point out what is
wrong
I hope it is not necessary to remind you that such a reputable company
• give further
should have much more efficient after sales service.
reasons in
support of your
Unless I hear from you within seven days, I will be forced to take legal
complaint
action against your company.
Yours sincerely
• give a
Marija Horvat warning
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LETTER OF APOLOGY
PURPOSE
Letters of apology represent a reply to a complaint. The sender apologises for the problem
explaining what caused it. The sender also promises action repeating his/her apologies.
I am sorry for the inconvenience we have caused you. I have spoken to the
• apologise for
staff involved and I assure you that your problem will be resolved the mistake
immediately. • give a brief
explanation
To compensate for the inconvenience, we would like to offer you another
washing machine to replace the faulty one. We will inform you next week
about the exact time of the delivery. • suggest a
solution
I very much hope you will continue to use our products in the future.
Write to NaPa Import-Export d.d. (Baruna Trenka 45, Osijek) and tell them that you cannot
deliver their order on time due to an accident in the plant. You expect your operations to be
back to normal by the end of this month. They will receive the goods within two weeks.
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REVISION 1
Identify the parts of the business letter and fill in the empty boxes.
Beewiz Co.
13 King Street
Manchester M35
England
TRIPFINDER Co.
4 Hawk Road
Manchester M35
England Our ref: JG/st/4
5 June 2010
Trip to Split
BUSINESS LETTER LAYOUT
Yours faithfully
John Gooding
John Gooding
HR Manager
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BUSINESS LETTERS: USEFUL PHRASES
71
MAKING
The things that annoyed me most.../What made me particularly
A STRONG
COMPLAINT dissatisfied/angry...
I should like to point out that…/I should like to draw your attention to
the fact that…
I hope it is not necessary to remind you that…
We must insist, therefore, that you take immediate action.
If you are unable to do this, we will be forced to cancel your contract
with us.
Unless we hear from you within a week, we will be forced to take
legal action.
APOLOGISING We are sorry for the delay in replying…
I would like to apologise for the delay/inconvenience…
We must apologise for…
We are extremely sorry for…
We hope this has not caused you any inconvenience.
Please accept our apologies once again.
With apologies once again.
GIVING REASONS This is due to…/owing to…
This is because of…/as a result of…
ATTACHMENTS AND I attach some information which I hope you find useful.
ENCLOSURES
I have pleasure in attaching…
I am attaching our catalogue to this message.
I am attaching details of…
If you have any problems opening this file, please let me know.
I attach our price list and look forward to hearing from you.
Please find attached our report.
I am enclosing my CV. /I enclose my CV.
Please find my CV enclosed.
PROBLEMS WITH
I am afraid you forgot to attach the report. Could you send your
ATTACHMENTS
message again, please?
Unfortunately, the attachment won’t open on my computer.
Could you send it again in a different format?
Sorry! I forgot to send the attachment.
ENDING A LETTER We look forward to receiving your reply.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
We look forward to doing business with you in the future.
Please contact me if you need any further information.
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any further
questions.
Please let me know if you need any further information.
I hope that this information will help you.
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II Use the phrases from the previous section to write the most appropriate
sentences in the following situations.
1. You saw an advertisement about a trip to Vienna on the Internet and you want further
information. How would you start this email to a travel agency?
_________________________________________________________________________
2. You want to know if the language centre in London offers scholarships for university
students. How would you request information in this situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
3. You want to know the prices of the television sets from the catalogue you have seen on
the Internet. How would you request information in this situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
4. A company wrote to you on 15 May. They wanted to know about the warranty period for
your computers. How would you start your reply in this situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
5. You have received an email with an important attachment missing. How would you
request action in this situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
6. You are going to an important conference in Paris next week. You have just realized that
your passport has expired. You want to have it extended urgently. How would you request
action in this situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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c) a bank loan granted for apartment adaptation
__________________________________________________________________________
9. Use different phrases to give bad news concerning the following situations:
a) a candidate’s application for a post as project manager
_________________________________________________________________________
b) a discount of 10% if the goods are purchased in cash
_________________________________________________________________________
c) a bank loan requested for apartment adaptation
_________________________________________________________________________
10. Use different phrases to give reasons for the following situations:
a) delayed flights – strike by flight attendants
_________________________________________________________________________
b) no Christmas bonus – decreased profits
_________________________________________________________________________
c) increase salaries – reduced income tax
_________________________________________________________________________
11. You were dissatisfied with the quality of hotel accommodation. How would you make a
mild complaint?
_________________________________________________________________________
12. The laptop you have bought recently has broken down the second time in the past six
months. You want a new laptop or your money refunded. How would you make a strong
complaint?
_________________________________________________________________________
13. You were supposed to send a reply to an email you had received a week ago. How would
you apologise in this situation? Give your reasons as well.
_________________________________________________________________________
14. A lot of customers have already complained about the unprofessional behaviour of the
shop assistants in one of your shops in the centre of Munich. How would you apologise in
this situation? Offer some compensation as well.
_________________________________________________________________________
15. How would you end a letter in which you have given some information?
________________________________________________________________________
16. How would you end a letter in which you have tried to deal with a client’s complaint?
_________________________________________________________________________
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REVISION 2
• The name and the address of the addressee (the person you are writing to) are at the top
on the ____________.
• The date is on the ____________.
• The paragraphs are at the ____________. Between each paragraph there is a
____________.
• Under the ____________, there is the name and title of the writer.
III How do you OPEN these letters? Fill in the missing words.
Dear ______________ to a company
Dear ______________ to a man if you do not know his name
Dear ______________ to a woman if you do not know her name
Dear ______________ to a married or unmarried woman
Dear ______________ to man
Dear ______________ to a married woman
Dear ______________ to an unmarried woman
Dear ______________ to a friend or someone you know well
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VI Here are some ways to BEGIN A LETTER. Circle the correct answer.
• We are writing to enquire for / about …
• We are writing in / with connection to / with …
• We are interested about / in ... and we would like to / Ø know...
VII Here are some ways in which you can write A REPLY TO A LETTER. Fill in
the missing words.
VIII Here are some ways to END A LETTER. Fill in the missing words.
• I look ____________ to receiving your reply/order/products/etc.
• Looking forward to ____________ from you.
IX If you GAVE SOME INFORMATION in the letter, you can END THE LETTER
by using the following phrases. Fill in the missing words in the phrases.
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XI There are some mistakes in this letter. Can you find the mistakes and
correct them? Pay attention to accuracy (grammar, spelling and punctuation)
as well as the layout. Then, write out the letter correctly, in 'block style'.
Email: willow.bookshop@wbk.com
www.willow.bookshop.co.uk
Dear Sir,
I’m writting to complain about the above order witch I placed with yours bookshop.
It was now over six weeks since I ordered the books and I still don’t receive them. I want to
remind you that I have alredy paid these books that I need for my thesis and couldn’t find in
New York bookstores. I must insist therefore that you deliver them imediatelly or give me
back my money.
Unless I don’t hear from you within the next few days, I will be forced to take legal
action.
Best wishes,
Hilary Hendricks
Hilary Hendricks
XII Finally, write a reply to this letter apologising for this situation, giving
reasons for the misplaced order and offering some kind of compensation.
Source consulted: Littlejohn, A. Company to Company, Third Edition, 2000, Fourth Edition, 2006, Cambridge
University Press
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