SCRUBBER DESIGN (PACKED COLUMN)

Prepared bKamyar Column Tag No. :

Checked by : Job No. :
Date : Client :
Project :

### Input Data Stream :

Packing type = Intallox saddel

Packing size = 38 mm
Packing MOC = PP
Gas pr. Drop / m bed = 20.4 mmWC / m packing height = 200.056
Total packing height = 1.5 m (including all packed beds)

Gas / Vapour Properties

Gas / Air flow rate = 5000 kg/h OR 0 m3/h
= 1.3889 kg/s = 0 m3/s

Gas pressure at entry = 1.0000 atm

Gas temperature at entry = 20.00 oC = 293.00 oK
Gas / Air mol weight = 32

Component to be scrubbed
Component Name =
Component flow rate = Kg/h
% comp. in air/gas = 8 % (v/v) (presumed) / (given by client) / (by process cal.)
Molecular weight of comp. = 64

Liquid / Scrubbing media Properties

Scrubbing media = water
Liquid flow rate, L = 124729.2 kg/h
= 34.6470 kg/s
Liquid Density, L = 1000 kg/m3 Conversion :
Liquid Viscosity, µL = 0.0010020 Ns/m2 1.002 Cp = 0.00100200

Packing factor, Fp = 170 m-1 40 ‫مالحظه‬

Charac. Packing Factor,Cf = 52 Ref. Table 6.3, Characterstics of Random packings
Conversion factor, J = 1.0 factor for adequate liquid distribution & irrigation across the bed

Sheet 1 of 32
Calculations

TO CALCULATE COLUMN DIAMETER

Since larger flow quantities are at the bottom for an absorber, the diameter will be chosen to
accommodate the bottom conditions.

To calculate Gas density

Avg. molecular weight = 31.76 Kg / Kmol

If gas flow rate is given in kg/h If gas flow rate is given in m3/h

Gas in = 0.0437307585 Kmol/s Gas in = (m3/s) x 273 x pr. in atm

kmol = mass / mol wt T in kelvin 1.0 atm
= (kmol/s) x T in kelvin x 1.0 atm x 22.4
273 pr. In atm 1 = 0 Kmol/s
= 1.051332 m /s 3
= 0 Kg/s
mass = mol wt x kmol

Select vol. flow rate and mass flow rate from above,
Selected mass flow rate = 1.3889 Kg/s
Selected vol. Flow rate = 1.051332 m3/s 3784.8 m3/h
Selected molar flow rate = 0.043730758 Kmol/s

Therefore, gas density = 1.3211 Kg/m3 (mass flow rate / vol. Flow rate)

To find L', G' and Tower c/s area

Assuming essentially Partial absorbtion, you shoul be care about percent
Component removed = 0.2127 Kg/s (molar flow rate x % comp. x mol. Wt.)
Liquid leaving = 34.8597 Kg/s (Inlet liquid flow rate + comp. Removed)

L' G 0.5 = 0.91226

G' L

Using 0.91226 as ordinate, Refer fig.6.34 using a gas pressure drop of 200.056

G' 2 Cf µL0.1 J = 0.0135 (from graph)

G ( L -- G ) gc

Therefore, G' = 0.0135 G ( L -- G ) gc 0.5

Cf µ L
0.1
J

= 0.8266 Kg / m2.s

Tower c/s area = 1.6802 m2 ( c/s area = mass flow rate / G' )

Tower diameter = 1.4626 m = 1462.6 mm

= 1440.9 mm

Sheet 2 of 32
Corresponding c/s area = 1.6306 m2

TO ESTIMATE POWER REQUIREMENT

Efficiency of fan / blower = 60 % assumed / given

To calculate pressure drop

Pressure drop for irrigated = 300.08 N/m2 (pressure drop per m packing x total ht. of packing)
packing

For dry packing,

O/L Gas flow rate, G' = 0.7213 Kg / m2.s (Gas inlet flow rate - Component removed) / c/s area
O/L Gas pressure = 101024.91651 N/m2 (subtracting pressure drop across packing)
Gas density, G = gas mol wt. x 273 x gas o/l pr.
22.41m3/Kmol T in kelvin 101330
= 1.3165 Kg/m3

CD = Ref. Table 6.3, Characterstics of Random packings

Delta P = CD G' 2
Z G

= 0.00 N/m2

Pressure drop for packing = 300.08 N/m2 (irrigated packing + dry packing)

Pressure drop for internals = mmWC (packing supports and liquid distributors)
= 0.00 N/m2

Gas velocity = m/s

Inlet expansion & outlet = 1.5 x Velocity heads = 1.5 x (V2 / 2g)
contraction losses = 0.00 N m / Kg
= 0.00 N/m2 (divide by density)

Total pressure drop = 300.08 N/m2 (packing + internals + losses)

Fan power output = pressure drop,N/m2 x (gas in - component removed) Kg/s

O/L gas density, Kg/m3
= 268.10 N .m / s
= 0.27 kW

Power for fan motor = 0.45 kW (fan power output / motor efficiency)
= 0.60 hp

Sheet 3 of 32
 COLUMN DIAMETER / HYDRAULIC CHECK

Liq.-Vap. Flow factor, FLV = (L / V) x ( V / L )

= 0.9067

Design for an initial pressure drop of 20.4 mm H2O /m packing

From K4 v/s FLV,
K4 = 0.32

K4 at flooding = 0.70

Trial % flooding = ( (K4 / K4 at flooding) ) x 100

= 67.6123

(1/2)
Gas mass flow rate, Vm = K4 . V ( L -- V )
13.1 Fp (µL / )0.1
L

= 0.8687 kg/m2.s

Trial column c/s area = V / Vm

(Trial As)
= 1.5989 m2

Trial column dia., D = 1.4268 m D = (4/pi) x Trial As

Round off 'D' to nearest standard size

Therefore, D = 1.490 m

Column C/S area, As = 1.7437 m2 As = (pi/4) x D2

% flooding = 61.9990 % flooding = Trial % flooding x (Trial As / As)

Conclusion
Generally packed towers are designed for 50% -- 85% flooding.
If flooding is to be reduced,
(i) Select larger packing size and repeat the above steps.
OR
(ii) Increase the column diameter and repeat the above steps.

Sheet 4 of 32
 HETP PREDICTION
method1
Norton's Correlation : ln HETP = n - 0.187 ln + 0.213 ln µ
Applicable when,
liquid phase surface tension > 4 dyne/cm & < 36 dyne/cm
liquid viscosity > 0.08 cP & < 0.83 cP
Conversion :
Input Data 0.0728 N/m = 72.8 dyne/cm
Liquid-phase
Surface Tension, = 73 dyne/cm Norton's Correlation NOT applicable

Liquid Viscosity = 1.002 cP Norton's Correlation NOT applicable

n =

Calculation

ln HETP = -0.801890341

HETP = 0.4484803815 ft
= 0.1366968203 m

For separations, less than 15 theoritical stages, a 20% design safety factor can be applied.

Considering 20% safety factor,

HETP = 0.1640361843 m

For separations, requiring 15 to 25 theoritical stages, a 15% design safety factor can be applied.

Considering 15% safety factor,

HETP = 0.1572013433 m

method 2 Cornell

ΔP selecte 20.4 conventional ΔP range for absorbed or desorbed Tower ( 15-50

Nog: 12.55923598 if the equilibrium curve & operation curve be linear :

m= 28.5 if known Ok else 10 ‫مالحظات(مثال) صفحه‬

(mG_m 0.95 0.0215460789 ‫براساس پایین ستون‬/‫ ←←←مولی‬Lm= 1.9282

)/L_m

y1/y2= 18.475750577 if the equilibrium curve & operation curve be linear and also if s

it's curve: fig 14.5

Sheet 5 of 32
 for selection helping →→→
HTU (Hog) Assumed: 0.7

Z~Nog*Hog~Nol*Hol 8.7914651858 14.152

vapor specification

D_v 0.0000145 all units should be in SI

ρ_v 1.3211 ←←←←

μ_v 0.0001812

Sc (v) = μ_v⁄ 9.459302122

(ρ_v×D_v )

Liquid Specification

D_l 0.0000000017

ρ_l 1000

μ_l 0.0010020

Sc (l)= μ_l⁄(ρ_l×D_l ) 589.41176471

ɸ 0.085 refer to Fig 5-29

Cflood 0.75 refer to Fig 5-28 by: ###

Sheet 6 of 32
Z (assumed 8.7914651858

H_L 0.5530698177

A 0.017
Ψ 65 refer to Fig 5-30

〖d_ 0.6 column diameter in m ( if diameter > 0.6m use 0.6)

col^
m 1.24
〗^′
n 0.6
L 20.620299641

H_G 0.6013988727 assumed Liquid is water

Z= 14.151937997 compare this with initial assumption for Z, if it's OK Finish else r

Sheet 7 of 32
 (N/m2)/m

(by process cal.) it's a comment

L_(s(min⁡
))=G_s×((y_1-y_2)/(x_1e-x_2 ))

Ls = j‫الینده‬jj‫لعاریاز آ‬j‫لویمولیحال‬jjj‫ف‬
Ns/m2 Gs= j‫الینده‬jj‫از عاریاز آ‬jjj‫لویمولیگ‬jjj‫ف‬

1
dom packings
gation across the bed

Sheet 8 of 32
 x 1
22.4

ass = mol wt x kmol

omp. x mol. Wt.)

comp. Removed)

(N/m2)/m

Sheet 9 of 32
x total ht. of packing)

nt removed) / c/s area

dom packings

Sheet 10 of 32
(Trial As / As)

Sheet 11 of 32
on NOT applicable

on NOT applicable

rbed or desorbed Tower ( 15-50 mm Water/m packing) 48 ‫مالحظات‬

ion curve be linear :

ion curve be linear and also if solvent be free of solute

12.5592

Sheet 12 of 32
‫مالحظات ‪15‬‬

‫هست ‪ Berl‬این به خاطر تبدیل واحدای انگلیسی و استفاده از روابط پکینگ‬

‫‪Sheet 13 of 32‬‬
‫‪perry 5-76‬‬
ter > 0.6m use 0.6)

ption for Z, if it's OK Finish else repeat above steps again

Sheet 14 of 32
Sheet 15 of 32
Sheet 16 of 32
Sheet 17 of 32
 Table 6.2
Constant for HETP Correlation

Ref.:: Random Packings and Packed Towers ---- Strigle

Ref. : : Chemical Engineering, Volume-6 , COULSON & RICHARDSON'S
Back
Ref. : : Mass Transfer Operation : : Treybal
Back
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L=Liquid Rate 20.6203 ←kg/m2.s 15206.71
↓
Back
 Back

Fig 5-30
Fig 5-28