INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR

PHYSICAL EDUCATION SECTION

Online PE-101AAClass On

STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND

MANAGEMENT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES (Part 1)

by
Ram Narain
Asst. Physical Education Officer

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur

 Introduction
➢ Growth
It is net increase in size or mass of human body by means of increase in number of cells and
intracellular substance. It can be measured.

➢ Development
Development is wider term than growth, which also includes growth and the changes in behavior
resulting from environmental situations. Its process that covers the journey of human being from
womb to tomb.

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur

 Why to Study growth and Development

➢ To avoid negative/harmful effect of training on children and youth

➢ To optimally exploit process of growth & development for achieving high sports
performance in high performance age

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur

 Difference between growth and development
Growth Development
1.Part of development 1.Comprehensive and
process. wider term

2.Refers to quantitative 2.Refers to quantitative

increase in size & qualitative changes
in individual

3.Does not continue 3.Continues throughout

throughout life, but the life
stops on attaining
maturity

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur

 Stages of development and physical activities
➢ 1. INFANCY (BIRTH TO 3 YEARS)
➢ DEVELOPMENT
▪ a. Fastest growth of larger bones and muscles
▪ b. Slower growth of smaller bones and muscles
▪ c. Grasping
➢ PATTERN OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
▪ a. First 3 months.
Reflexive and involuntary movements
▪ b. After 3 months
Voluntary movement; arm/leg movement, raise head, roll over, sit, aided stand
▪ c. After 8-9 months .
Unaided stand, forward locomotion like crawl, aided walk
▪ d. After 1 year .
Unaided walk upright, maintain balance
▪ e.2nd and 3rd year
i. Tense, rigid & jerky basic movement; walk, run, jump, climb, pull, push, throw
ii. Rough coordination
iii. Physically very active with playful activities
iv. Slow & unsatisfactory motor ability development

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur

➢ 2. EARLY CHILDHOOD (4 TO 7 YRS)

➢ DEVELOPMENT
▪ a. Rapid mental and social development
▪ b. Active motor development
▪ c. Strong desire of physical activity

➢ SUGGESTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

▪ a. Play/informal/casual/group competition activities

▪ b. Rich variation of activities
▪ c. Combined and coordinative activities
▪ d. Physical conditioning as side effect of learning various activities
▪ e. Basic movement perfection
▪ f. Systematic training for sports like gymnastic, swimming, diving
▪ .

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur

➢ 3. MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (7 TO 10 YRS)

➢ DEVELOPMENT
▪ a. Motor, mental and social development
▪ b. Strong desire of physical activity
▪ c. Competitive

➢ SUGGESTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

▪ a. General and playful activities for all sports. Rich variation. No specialization.
▪ b. Focus on concentration, observation, problem-solving, self-control, self-dependent, discipline and
orderliness
▪ c. More movement correction as compared to early childhood
▪ d. Informal competitions

▪ .

Physical Education Online course (PE-101AA), IIT Kanpur