MPS-42

𝟏 𝟑
1. If {𝑺𝒏 } be a sequence such that 𝑺𝒏+𝟏 = 𝟐 − , 𝒏 ≥ 𝟏 and 𝑺𝟏 = then show that the sequence {𝑺𝒏 } is
𝑺𝒏 𝟐

bounded and monotonic and converges to 1.

𝟒+𝟑𝒂
2. Let {𝒂𝒏 } be a sequence, defined by 𝒂𝒏+𝟏 = 𝟑+𝟐𝒂𝒏 , 𝒏 ≥ 𝟏 𝒂𝟏 = 𝟏, show that {𝒂𝒏 } converges to √𝟐 .
𝒏

𝟏 𝒌
3. Let {𝒂𝒏 } be a sequence defined by 𝒂𝒏+𝟏 = 𝒌 (𝒂𝒏 + 𝒂 ) , 𝒌 > 𝟏 and 𝒂𝟏 > 𝟎 show that {𝒂𝒏 } converges to
𝒏

𝒌
√ .
𝒌−𝟏

4. If {𝒂𝒏 } is a bounded sequence, then show that there exists a subsequence {𝒂𝒏𝒌 } of {𝒂𝒏 }, such that
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒂𝒏𝒌 = lim 𝒂𝒏 .
𝒌→∞

Test the behaviour of following series:

𝟏 𝟐 𝟏∙𝟐 𝟐 𝟏∙𝟐∙𝟑 𝟐
5. ( ) +( ) +( ) +⋯
𝟑 𝟑∙𝟓 𝟑∙𝟓∙𝟕

𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟑 𝒙𝟒 𝒙𝟓
6. 𝟐√𝟏
+ 𝟑√𝟐 + 𝟒√𝟑 + 𝟓√𝟒 + ⋯ , 𝒙 > 𝟎

𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟒 𝒙𝟔
7. 𝟏 + 𝟐 𝒑 + 𝟒𝒑 + 𝟔 𝒑 + ⋯
𝟏𝟐 ∙𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 ∙𝟑𝟐 𝟑𝟐 ∙𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟐 ∙𝟓𝟐
8. + + + +⋯
𝟏! 𝟐! 𝟑! 𝟒!
−𝟏 −𝟐 −𝟑
𝟐𝟐 𝟐 𝟑𝟑 𝟑 𝟒𝟒 𝟒
9. ( 𝟐 − ) +( 𝟑 − ) +( 𝟒 − ) +⋯
𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟑 𝟑
⎿𝒏
10.
𝒏𝒏
𝟏∙𝟑∙𝟓…(𝟐𝒏−𝟏) 𝟏
11. ∙𝒏
𝟐∙𝟒∙𝟔…𝟐𝒏

𝟏∙𝟑∙𝟓…(𝟒𝒏−𝟑) 𝒙𝟐𝒏
12. ∙
𝟐∙𝟒∙𝟔…(𝟒𝒏−𝟐) 𝟒𝒏

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 𝒏−𝟏
13. √𝒏𝟑 +𝟏 𝒙𝒏 , 𝒙 > 𝟎

𝟐∙𝟒∙𝟔…(𝟐𝒏+𝟐)
14. 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 , 𝒙 > 𝟎
𝟑∙𝟓∙𝟕…(𝟐𝒏+𝟑)

Test the convergence of the series:

𝒙 𝟏 𝒙𝟑 𝟏∙𝟑 𝒙𝟓 𝟏∙𝟑∙𝟓 𝒙𝟕
15. +𝟐 + 𝟐∙𝟒 + 𝟐∙𝟒∙𝟔 + ⋯for 𝒙 > 𝟎
𝟏 𝟑 𝟓 𝟕

16. Apply Cauchy’s Integral Test to test the convergence of the series.
𝟏 𝟏
(i) ∑∞
𝒏=𝟏 𝒏𝟐 +𝒏 , (ii) ∑∞
𝒏=𝟏 𝒏𝟐 +𝟏

𝟏
17. Test the convergence of ∑∞
𝒏=𝟑 𝒏 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒏(𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒏)𝒑 , 𝒑 > 𝟎

Test for convergence the series whose 𝒏th term is

(𝒏!)
18. (𝟐𝒏)!
𝒙𝒏 , 𝒙 > 𝟎
𝒏!
19. (𝒏+𝟏)𝒏
𝒙𝒏 , 𝒙 >𝟎
𝜶 𝜶(𝜶+𝟏) 𝜶(𝜶+𝟏)(𝜶+𝟐)
20. Prove that 𝟏 + 𝜷 + 𝜷(𝜷+𝟏) + 𝜷(𝜷+𝟏)(𝜷+𝟐) + ⋯, where 𝜶 and 𝜷 are positive, converges if 𝜷 > 𝜶 + 𝟏, and

diverges if 𝜷 ≤ 𝜶 + 𝟏.

21. Show that the following series are convergent:

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(i) 𝟏𝟐 − 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 − 𝟒𝟐 + ⋯
𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟑 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟒
(ii) − + −⋯
𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟐 𝟒𝟐

22. Prove that the following series are absolutely convergent:

𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟒 𝒙𝟔
(i) 𝟏 − + 𝟒! − +⋯
𝟐! 𝟔!

𝒙𝟑 𝒙𝟓
(ii) 𝒙 − + 𝟓! − ⋯
𝟑!
𝒏𝒓
23. Show that 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙𝒏 = 𝟎, if 𝒙 > 𝟏.
𝒏→∞

(−𝟏)𝒏+𝟏
24. Show that the following series are conditionally convergent: ∑ 𝟑𝒏−𝟐
.
(−𝟏)𝒏+𝟏
25. Show that the series ∑ 𝒏𝒑
is absolutely convergent for 𝒑 > 𝟏, but conditionally convergent for

𝟎 < 𝒑 ≤ 𝟏.
26. Show that the following series are absolutely convergent:
𝟏 𝟏
∑(−𝟏)𝒏−𝟏 { + (𝒏+𝟏)𝟓⁄𝟐 }
𝒏𝟓 ⁄ 𝟐

2
27. Use Cauchy’s Integral Test to show that the following series converge:
𝟏+𝒏 𝟐
(i) ∑∞
𝒏=𝟎 ( )
𝟏+𝒏𝟐
𝟏 𝒏+𝟏
(ii) ∑∞
𝒏=𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒏−𝟏
√𝒏

28. Show that the following series are absolutely convergent:

𝒏𝟑
(i) ∑(−𝟏)𝒏+𝟏 𝟐𝒏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(ii) 𝟐 − 𝟐 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑 𝟐𝟑 − 𝟒 𝟐𝟒 + ⋯
(−𝟏)𝒏
29. Show that the following series are conditionally convergent: ∑∞
𝒏=𝟏 𝒏−𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒏 .

𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
30. Establish the divergence of the series 𝟐 − 𝟐 + 𝟑 − 𝟒 + ⋯

31. Show that if ∑ 𝒂𝒏 𝟐 and ∑ 𝒃𝒏 𝟐 are convergent infinite series, then ∑ 𝒂𝒏 𝒃𝒏 is an absolute convergent
series.
𝒏+𝟏
32. Show that if the series ∑ 𝒂𝒏 is absolutely convergent, then the series ∑ 𝒂𝒏 is also absolutely
𝒏

convergent.