Flow-chart for popularly used statistical tests

Q2,
Q1,Univariate Q3, Q4, Q5 Q６, No. of Q７,sample
Difference Valid Tests
/Mutivariable Paired / related Type of outcome (Normality) groups size
/Correlation
2 Student's t-test
Continuous （Normal）
＞2 One-way ANOVA
2
Continuous （Non-normal）/ Ordered Mann-Whitney U test
Independent categorical ＞2 Kruskal-Wallis H test
(un-paired)
2 ＜20 Fisher's exact test
Nominal
≧2 ≧20 Chi-square test
Difference Time to Event Log-Rank test（Kaplan-Meier plot）
2 Paied-t test
Univariate
Continuous （Normal） ＞2 Repeated measured ANOVA
Mixed effect Regression
Dependent
2
(paired) Continuous （Non-normal）/ Ordered Wilcoxon signed-rank test
categorical ＞2 Friedman test
Nominal 2 McNemar's test
Continuous （Normal） Pearson's correlation （r）
Correlation Continuous （Non-normal）/ordered Spearman's correlation （rs）
Nominal (2 levels) 2 Spearman/Kappa (Agrreement）
Continuous （Normal residuals） Linear Regression
Continuous （Non-normal residuals） Linear Regression ＊

Independent Ordered categorical Ordered Logistic Regression

(un-paired) (2 levels) Binary Logistic Regression
Nominal
(＞2) Multinomial Logistic Regression
Multivariable
Time to Event Cox Proportional Hazard Regression
Continuous （Normal residuals） Linear Mixed Effect Regression

Dependent Continuous （Non-normal residuals） Linear Mixed Effect Regression ＊

(paired) Ordered categorical Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE)
Nominal (2 levels) Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE)
＊Transform outcome variables for normalizing residuals
Created based on Publishing Your Medical Research Paper, by Daniel Byrne, Williams and Wilkins (1998)