OVERVIEW OF THE TYPES OF WRITING AT C2 LEVEL

For/Against Review
Opinion Essay Article Report Proposal
Essay

Hook and Background Background

Introduction

Background Background Introduction

background information information
information information and overview
information and purpose and purpose
Thesis
Thesis Quote/ Methodology Brief overview
statement Problem
statement Rhetorical and scope of of the
presenting statement
with opinion question the report topic/relevance
both sides

Implementation
Supporting Arguments Research plan;
Body paragraphs

Facts and Critical analysis

arguments and counter- findings and supporting
examples and evaluation
and evidence arguments analysis arguments
and details
Anticipated
Counter- Rebuttal of Experts’ Data description
challenges and Discussion of strengths
arguments counter- opinions and (charts, graphs,
mitigation and weaknesses
and rebuttals arguments quotes studies, surveys)
strategies

Summary of
Summarize Summarize Final thoughts,
Summarize Summary of proposed
main main personal opinion
Conclusion

main points findings solution and

arguments arguments and recommendation
call to action
Foreseeable
Closing
Restate Provide Recommendations effect of Overall assessment
thoughts or
opinion opinion and conclusions proposed and rating
reflection
actions
Clear and
Style Balanced Informative Objective Persuasive Evaluative
concise
Opinion Essay:

 Introduction: "In recent years, the debate surrounding [topic] has sparked intense discussions
and divergent opinions. This essay aims to delve into the various facets of this issue and present
a well-founded opinion."
 Body paragraphs: "One compelling argument in support of [thesis statement] is that..."
 Conclusion: "In light of the evidence presented, it is clear that [restate thesis statement]. It is
imperative that we address this matter with careful consideration and strive for a balanced
resolution."

For/Against Essay:

 Introduction: "The topic of [topic] has generated heated controversy, with proponents and
opponents expressing contrasting viewpoints. This essay will examine both sides of the
argument and weigh the merits of each."
 Body paragraphs: "On the one hand, proponents argue that..."
 Conclusion: "After a thorough analysis, it is evident that both perspectives have valid points.
Nonetheless, a nuanced stance that acknowledges the strengths of each argument seems most
fitting."

Article:

 Introduction: "In today's fast-paced world, [topic] has emerged as a significant issue, demanding
attention and critical examination. This article aims to shed light on the key aspects of this
phenomenon and provide readers with a comprehensive understanding."
 Body paragraphs: "Recent studies have demonstrated that..."
 Conclusion: "By understanding the intricacies of [topic], we can proactively address the
challenges it poses and pave the way for positive change."

Report:

 Introduction: "This report investigates [topic] with the objective of presenting a comprehensive
analysis based on extensive research and empirical evidence. The findings detailed herein are
intended to inform decision-making and facilitate a deeper understanding of the subject matter."
 Body paragraphs: "The research findings reveal a clear correlation between X and Y, as
demonstrated by the data collected."
 Conclusion: "In light of the conclusive evidence presented, it is recommended that appropriate
measures be implemented to address the identified issues and capitalize on the opportunities
outlined in this report."
Proposal:

 Introduction: "This proposal outlines a comprehensive plan of action to address the pressing
issue of [topic]. By presenting a detailed analysis of the problem and a viable solution, this
proposal aims to garner support and catalyze positive change."
 Body paragraphs: "To address the challenges at hand, this proposal suggests implementing a
three-pronged approach..."
 Conclusion: "In conclusion, by embracing the proposed measures, we can effectively mitigate
the impact of [topic] and pave the way for a more sustainable and prosperous future."

Review:

 Introduction: "This review provides a concise overview and critical analysis of [topic]. By
examining its various aspects and evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, this review aims to
guide readers in forming an informed opinion on the subject matter."
 Body paragraphs: "One notable strength of [topic] is its ability to..."
 Conclusion: "Based on the evaluation conducted, it is evident that [topic] offers valuable
contributions. However, certain areas warrant improvement to maximize its potential."

Note that the suggested sentences are mere examples and therefore are very general and vague, since
they do not address any topic in particular. The language used in your answers must be very specific
and clearly and fully develop your ideas and arguments.