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Introduction- So sinasabi dito na ang systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ay isang multisystem disease

na may ilang mga phenotypes. So maaaring mag-iba mula sa isang napaka mild na sakit na may lamang
mucocutaneous na pagkakasangkot sa malubhang sakit na nagbabanta sa buhay ng tao. Ang lahat ng
organ system ay maaaring masangkot sa SLE. Ang isang auto antibody profile kung minsan ay maaaring
makatulong na mahulaan ang sakit. Maraming mga pag-aaral ang nagpahiwatig ng pag-unlad ng mga
serological abnormalities ilang taon bago ang simula ng clinical lupus. Ito ay tinatawag na pre-clinical
lupus, kung saan ang isang pasyente ay maaaring may mga serological abnormalities na pare-pareho sa
SLE at maaaring may ilang mga klinikal na tampok but still does not meet the criteria for SLE. There is
evidence that a significant percentage of these patients with pre-clinical lupus, kabilang ang mga may
hindi kumpletong lupus o undifferentiated connective tissue disease, ay maaaring lumipat sa clinical
lupus at matupad ang pamantayan ng SLE sa bandang huli ng buhay.

History Taking - describe the complaint of the patient, It is useful to use the patient’s own words. Next,
introduce the important information that obtained from our history taking just the information that
helped us to settle on our diagnosis, try to present patient information in a narrative form full sentences
which efficiently summarize the results of our questioning , a short list of the most likely diseases or
disorders underlying the patient’s symptoms.

Health Teaching - Promoting healthy

lifestyle Encouraging the patient to lead a healthy lifestyle through encouraging healthy food, wellness
promotion, and lifestyle changes. The patient is only allowed to eat vegetables, fruits, and foods low in
protein because she is not allowed to consume salty foods. The patient has high creatinine levels, so she
must avoid foods like red meat, salty meals, processed foods, and other foods that may contain large
amounts of high protein. Ang pasyente ay mayroon ding electrolyte imbalance, kaya kailangan niyang
uminom ng maraming tubig. Payuhan ang pasyente na magsagawa ng mga bagong gawi nang dahan-
dahan at ang pagpili ng isang layunin ay ang tanging bagay na magagawa ng pasyentegawing madali ang
kanyang buhay. Hikayatin ang pasyente na kumain ng masusustansyang pagkain, mag-ehersisyo nang
regular, mabawasan ang stress, magpapahinga matulog at alagaan ang mga koneksyon sa lipunan.

Prevention of severity

Educating the patient about her disease is very important because she needs to know the risk factors
that can make her disease worse. Risk factors like obesity, diabetes, Hypertension, High-salt High Protein
intake, and Dehydration. To prevent this risk factors the patient need to lose weight, limit sugar intake,
avoid eating with salty foods and drink plenty of water. A regular check-up also enables us to determine
whether a patient’s condition has gotten worse or better. Mahalaga rin na turuan ang pasyente na
uminom mga gamot gaya ng inireseta ng doktor dahil ang hindi pantay na pag-inom ng gamot sa bato ay
maaaring magdulot ng kondisyon mas malala. Ang pagsasagawa ng mga aksyon nang maaga ay
maaaring mabawasan ang mga sintomas na maaaring maramdaman ng pasyente.

Coping with illness and disability

The most crucial action the patient can do is to seek help or assistance in order to understand and deal
with the many effects of her disease. Teaching the patient how to manage stress can help her maintain a
positive physical, emotional and spiritual outlook in life. Encourage the patient to make her health a top
priority and learn to accept her disability. Sabihin sa pasyente na maghanap ng mga bagay na gagawin
tulad ng mga libangan at interes na iyon iparamdam sa kanya na nasiyahan siya, gamitin ang oras na
ginugugol niya sa bahay o ospital upang gawin ang mga libangan. Ang pagkakaroon ng sakit o Ang
kapansanan ay hindi nangangahulugan na ang isang tao ay hindi malusog o hindi siya maaaring maging
malusog.

Anatomy ang Physiology - The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs that filter our blood. Our kidneys are
part of our urinary system. Kidneys filter about 200 quarts of fluid every day. During this process,
kidneys remove waste, which leaves body as urine (pee). Tinutulungan din ng mga bato na balansehin
ang mga likido ng katawan (karamihan tubig) at electrolytes. Ang mga electrolyte ay mahahalagang
mineral na kinabibilangan ng sodium at potassium. Ang mga bato, na nagpapanatili ng kadalisayan at
katatagan ng ating mga panloob na likido, ay perpekto mga halimbawa ng mga homeostatic organ

i. Location. These small, dark red organs with a kidney-bean shape lie against the dorsal body wall in a
retroperitoneal position (beneath the parietal peritoneum) in the superior lumbar region; they extend
from the T12 to the L3 vertebra, thus they receive protection from the lower part of the rib cage.

ii. Positioning. Dahil masikip ang atay, ang kanang bato ay nakaposisyon nang bahagya kaysa sa kaliwa

iii. Size. An adult kidney is about 12 cm (5 inches) long, 6 cm (2.5 inches) wide, and 3 cm (1 inch) thick,
about the size of a large bar of soap.

iv. Adrenal gland, A top each kidney is an adrenal gland, which is part of the endocrine system is a
distinctly separate organ functionally. Fibrous capsule, A transparent fibrous capsule encloses each
kidney and gives a fresh kidney a glistening appearance. Perirenal fat capsule, a fatty mass, the perirenal
fat capsule, surrounds each kidney and acts to cushion it against blows. The renal fascia, the outermost
capsule, anchors the kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall. Renal cortex,
the outer region, which is light in color, is the renal cortex. Renal medulla, deep to the cortex is a darker,
reddish-brown area, the renal medulla. Mga pyramid ng bato, Ang medulla ay may maraming
karaniwang tatsulok na mga rehiyon na may guhit na hitsura, ang bato, o medullary pyramids; ang mas
malawak na base ng bawat pyramid ay nakaharap sa cortex habang ang dulo nito, ang tuktok, tumuturo
patungo sa panloob na rehiyon ng bato. Mga haligi ng bato, Ang mga pyramids ay pinaghihiwalay ng
extension ng cortex-like tissue, ang renal columns. Renal pelvis, Medial sa hilum ay isang patag,
palanggana tulad ng cavity, ang renal pelvis, na tuloy-tuloy sa ureter na umaalis sa hilum.

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