Nama : Ronika sitompul

Nim : P01031122133

Kelas : 2C

Prodi : D-lll GIZI

1. Proteins

The understanding for proteins

Proteins are macromolecules formed from amino acids composed of nitrogen, carbon, and
oxygen atoms, some types of sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cystine and
cysteine) are connected by peptide bonds.

The functions of proteins

As the main source of energy after carbohydrates,As a regulator of metabolism that occurs in
the body, and Maintenance of cell structures, tissues and organs present in the body.

The Types of proteins

Enzyme protein, structural protein, hormone protein, antibody protein, transport protein,
binding protein, activator protein

The Effects of Protein deficiency and Effects of Excess Protein

Effects of Protein deficiency

-Pure protein deficiency in severe stages causes kwashiorkor in children under five years old.

-Protein deficiency is often found together with energy deficiency, known as marasmus.

-The combined syndrome of these two types of deficiency is called Energy-Protein

Malnutrition (EPM) or Energy-Protein Deficiency (PEM) or Calorie-Protein Deficiency
(CTD)

Effects of Excess Protein

-Excessive protein does not benefit the body.

-Excess amino acids burden the kidneys and liver which must metabolize and excrete excess
nitrogen.
-Excess protein can cause acidosis, dehydration, diarrhea, increase in blood ammonia,
increase in blood urea and fever.

The Source of proteins

Source of Vegetable Protein, which is protein whose source comes from plants.

Sources of Animal Protein, which is protein whose source comes from animals.