Video Name: LC – 6 – Pg.

11

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF BIG FRIEND FORMULAS

USING ABACUS SCALE (-9 = -10+1) (-90 =-100+10)
Hello, students.
Welcome back to the new session of abacus.
In the previous levels you have learnt the use of addition big
friend formulas to solve the problems,
In this level today we will learn to use the subtraction formulas
of big friend to solve the problems.
But before that we will revise the big friend formulas for both
addition and subtraction…
The addition formulas for big friends are…
+9 = -1 + 10
Yes.
+8 = -2 + 10
+7 = -3 + 10
Right.
+6 = -4 + 10
+5 = -5 + 10
Correct.
+4 = -6 + 10
Next…
+3 = -7 + 10
+2 = -8 + 10 and
+1 = -9 + 10
You are absolutely right.
Wonderful! Now we will recall the subtraction formulas of big
friends
-9 = -10 + 1
-8 = -10 + 2
Yes.
-7 = -10 + 3
-6 = -10 + 4
Right.
-5 = -10 + 5
-4 = -10 + 6
-3 = -10 + 7
Correct.
 -2 = -10 + 8
-1 = -10 + 9
Exactly. You all can recall the formulas correctly.
Now we will try to solve a few single and double digit problems
using abacus scale.
But as of now we will focus on -9 and -90 big friend formulas.
Are you ready?
Okay, shall we start?
Here is the first one…

 7,4,-9
Clear the abacus scale.
Now the first given number is 7.

For 7, move down the upper bead, and move up two lower beads, in Ones place.
Now to add 4, use the formula +4=-6+10.
Okay.
Move up the upper bead, and move down one lower bead, in Ones place.
And move up one lower bead, in Tens place.
Right.
Finally to subtract 9 is not possible.
What will we do now?
Use the formula -9=-10+1.
 Move down one lower bead, in Tens place and move up, one lower bead in Ones
place.
The answer is 2.

Next one…
Clear the Abacus scale.
 3,7,-9
For 3, move up three lower beads, in Ones place.
Now to add 7 is not possible, use the formula +7=-3+10.
Move down three lower beads, in Ones place and move up, one lower bead in
Tens place.
Next to subtract 9 is not possible directly.
So we will use the formula -9=-10+1.
Move down one lower bead, in Tens place and move up, one lower bead, in Ones
place.
The answer is 1.
That’s absolutely right,
You have done well.
Now we will try to solve double digit problems.
Okay.
Shall we do?
Yes.
The given problem is…

 72, 53, -94, 15

Clear the abacus scale.
Place 72 on the Abacus Scale.
Now to add 53 is not possible, use the formula +50=-50+100.
Move up, the upper bead, in Tens place and move up, one lower bead in
hundreds place.
 And now to add 3, use the formula +3=+5-2.
Move down the upper bead, and move down two lower beads, in Ones place.
Right.
Next to subtract 94, is not possible.
So what will we do now?
You are absolutely right.
Use the formula -90=-100+10.
Move down, one lower bead in hundreds place, and move up one lower bead in
Tens place.
And now to subtract 4, use the formula -4=+1-5.
Move up one lower bead, and move up the upper bead, in Ones place.
Finally to add 15, move up one lower bead, in Tens place and to add 5, move
down the upper bead in Ones place.
Perfect.
The answer is 46

Let’s try one more…

 92,76,-92,21
Place 92, on the Abacus Scale.
Now to add 76.
But it is not possible.
So use the formula +70=-30+100. Right.
Okay…
Move down three lower beads, in Tens place and move up, one lower bead in
Hundreds place.
Correct.
And to add 6, move down the upper bead, and move up one lower bead, in Ones
place.
Next to subtract 92, is not possible.
Use the formula -90=-100+10.
Perfect.
Move down one lower bead, in Hundreds place and move up, one lower bead in
Tens place.
And to subtract 2, move down two lower beads, in Ones place.
Finally to add 21, move up 2 lower beads, in Tens place and move up, one lower
bead in Ones place.
The answer is 97.
Well done.
Now open your books and try to solve few more problems to become perfect.
Keep practicing and keep learning.
See you all in the next session. Bye.