Mrs.

Burns Exam Study Guide English 10 Honors Anne Bradstreet The Prologue 1) Identify the TWO main subjects of The Prologue 1. Her own poetry 2. The difficulty of being a female poet 2) Audience: Identify the most likely audience for this poem and describe the kind of person she was truly addressing. She was addressing the male poets that she wanted to be accepted by. 3) What famous Puritan metaphor does the first couplet of To My Dear and Loving Husband briefly explain? The city on the hill metaphor 4) Clearly paraphrase the final couplet of this poem explaining the paradox of the lines. Its a paradox within th/e lines of the poem- Bradstreet suggests that if we preserver in life, we can live forever or by dying we can live. Edward Taylor Huswifery 1) What was so odd about the content of this poem Huswifery? He wrote about household tasks- typically a womens job 2) What is the subject of this poem? Taylor is petitioning God to make him a tool namely a spinning wheel and later a loom, each line adding a new layer to his metaphor 3) How does Taylor humble himself through this poem? He humbled himself because his metaphors knew no gender restrictions. Jonathan Edwards Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God 1) Edwards held the disorderly congregation of . over the flaming pit of hell. Sinners 2) Identify the TWO literary elements used by Edwards to paint mental pictures of eternal damnation and to compare concepts. 1. Imagery to paint a horrifying picture 2. Figures of speech 3) Compose a short essay (detailed paragraph) explaining the four things Edwarsds felt the congregation was in danger of AND identify how you would feel as a member of such a congregation. Would this type of sermon motivate you? Why or why not? 1. Wrath of God 2. Fierceness of the wrath of God 3. Misery exposed to is that which God will inflict to the end 4. The everlasting wrath 5. Your opinion St. Jean De Crevecoeur 1) In what year was Letters from an American Farmer published? 1782 Letters from an American Farmer 1) How did Letter III attempt to answer the question of its title?

It did this by surveying the impact of America on the European immigrant. 2) What was this pieces limitation? It lacked details. 3) De Crevecoeur believed all emigrants share what motto? What is its translation? Ubi panis ibi patria where there is bread is ones father land. Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography Published in 1791 in Paris 1) The 17th century could be termed ath the Age of . Faith 2) The 18th century could be termed as the Age of or Reason; Enlightenment 3) Identify the two men who powerfully influenced events in America, their country of origin and their importance. 1. John Locke - England Believed that man is basically good and starts life with a clean slate. 2. Jean Jacques Rosseau France Emphasized the social contract that bins men together. 4) Explain the emergence of Deism. What was another term for it and what was its emphasis. Natural religion- Reason rather that revelation 5) What was wrong with The Autobiography? There are parts missing and it fails to mention the most historical part of his life 6) Tone: Identify the tone of The Autobiography. Arrogant and condescending while praising the virtue of humility. 7) Explain the three reasons in DETAIL why this piece of literature would be read and studied so many years after it was written? 1. It establishes in literary form the first example of fulfillment of the American Dream (Rags to Riches) 2. It is one of the first autobiographies in the English language one of the first nonreligious auto bios and wrote to educated readers telling them how to better live their lives 3. It illustrates what life was like in the 18th century America- Ben Franklin is a hero who mastered all fields of knowledge. The Romantic Temper 1) The Romantic spirit is inherently . and . Rebellious; Adventuresome 2) In what situation does the romantic spirit thrive? Turbulent times, revolution and conflict. 3) What exactly does Romantic interest in the lore of Indians. Mean? They thought that the culture/myths of the Indian civilization was nonexistent because none of it was written down. 4) What does Material genius mean? Natural resources were abundant. 5) What was the Tragic flaw in the American nation? Nation was divided such as in the civil war and on the issue of slavery. 6) What was the most populous U.S. city in the year 1800? What European nation

originally settled New York City? New York, Holland/ the Dutch people. 7) What women writers/editors gained success at that time? Caroline Stansburry Kirkland, Susan Warner, Fanny Fern, Alice and Phoebe Cary. 8) What city was known as the Athens of America and what does this metaphor mean? Philadelphia- This city underwent a cultural flowering. 9) The south built an agrarian civilization- what does this mean? Planter/cultivator aristocracy- founded on slavery 10) What region underwent a flowering and what does this mean? New England- a highpoint where literature flourished. It was spectacular and intellectual. 11) In what areas of human justice were New England writers interested? Reform- Abolition and womens rights 12) Infer from context or use a dictionary: what does democratic idealism mean? What does patrician mean? Why would Emerson and Thoreau writ literature with these qualities? Democratic idealism- the ideal society and qualities of a government of all people; all people are created equal. Patrician- Upper class citizen; class separation They were upper class citizens 13) The period from 1830 to the civil war is also known ant the American what does this second word mean? What did it contribute? Renaissance; this means rebirth or a revival of literature This contributed intellectual and creative vitality. 14) It directly related to people, it compared their society to Europes showing that they were growing in power and it was a bright light in a time of darkness for immigrants. 15) What were the Great questions concerning land and political independence? 1. Public vs. Private ownership 2. Who owns the land? 16) Much literature of the time was permeated with the place of what people in American life? Indians 17) Questions concerning the rights of what particular citizens became part of public debate? Women 18) What did Americans envision despite urbanization? Nation of small land owners. 19) In what way did Romanticism change attitudes toward Native Americans? This sparked interest in the NAs stories and culture. 20) Who was Sequoya- what did he invent and why? Sequoya was a non English speaking Indian and he created a language system that gave NAs literacy. 21) True or False: in the years leading up to the civil war, the place of the Indian in American life was finally resolved. False 22) With what did Americans in the east concerns themselves? What was now/up coming.

Romanticism at Mid-Century 23) What did American Romanticism have in common with European Romanticism? It was less organized system that an expression of distinctive attitudes toward humanity, nature, and society. 24) In what specific ways did Romanticism react against the Age of Reason? It showed freedom over formalism and individualism over communalism. 25) What did the Romantics exalt and what did they favor? They exalted imagination above rationalism and they favored less the minds pursuit of material reality than intuitive perceptions. 26) What did Romanticism share with Transcendentalism? The subconscious inner life. 27) What persistent characteristics did Romantic authors share. 1. A devotion to freedom and to individualism. 2. A reliance upon the good of nature and natural man. 3. An abiding faith in the boundless resources of the human spirit and imagination 28) What did Romanticism impel Americans to examine? The intellectual and emotional climate. 29) Which two American authors engaged Spiritual questioning of romanticism? Where did these authors search for human reality? Poe and Hawthorne- in the interior recesses of the mind, probing obscure sources of behavior and moral judgment. Transcendentalism 1) What revolutionary ideal, taken from the Declaration, did Transcendentalism express? All men are created equal. 2) What does utopia mean? What drew Utopians to America? Utopia- Ideal society Utopians were drawn to America for its social and political ideals. 3) What religious groups established communities under the eyes of the Quakers in Pennsylvania? Mennonites, Dunkers, Amish, and other Dutch, Swiss, and German sects. 4) Who were the Shakers? Believers in a bisexual god. 5) What religion was most important to Transcendentalism? Unitarian 6) What kind of Godhead did this religion believe, and what, exactly, gave the words and acts of Jesus sublime importance? A unity not a trinity. The human potential 7) What two European philosophers are important to understanding when discussing Trans.? Locke and Immanuel Kant 8) Now, after reading the description of Trans., particularly what it says abut intuition and reason, try to put into your own words what it basically means: Heart is more important than reason 9) Explain the difference between Microcosm and macrocosm: Microcosm- one persons individual mind Macrocosm- the greater being of the universe and all the people together.

Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle 1) Strategy: What do you suppose is the purpose of the author beginning his tale this wayby presenting the background through Diedrich Knickerbocker? By starting in this fashion, the author sheds some light on the setting and connects Knickerbocker by the Dutch. This also establishes a relationship between the author and the reader. 2) How, in general, does the story depict the people of village? Be able to support yourself with details. Lovingly- adores the people and the landscape- beauty of the river 3) Characterization: citing SPECIFIC DETAILS, offer a thorough interpretation of HOW the author FEELS about Rip Van Winkle. He adores Rip and the village loved Rip. All the children are always hanging on him and all the men like his company. 4) Infer: citing Details, What is the importance of group discussions in this time and place, and how does the author feel about these discussions? Its a way of life- telling stories, shorting the breeze. 5) Infer: what is the significance of the people Rip encounters in the woods- look up Flemish if you have to. At this point, the story becomes more metaphoric and symbolic: using historical context answer: This shows the historic Dutch settlers and how they have to adapt to America. 6) What important HISTORICAL/POLITICAL change has taken place in Rips absence? The revolutionary war and Washington is now President. 7) Citing details, identify two ways that this change has altered the place of the setting; how do you think the author feels about these changes? The village is less friendly and more political. The author does not like this at all he preferred the relaxed country feeling that the village had before Rip left. 8) Who is Peter Vanderdonk? What role does he play in the plot? WHY do you think the author made this choice at this point? Peter Vanderdonk is the oldest man in the village and a historian. He changes the plot by solidifying Rips story. I think the author brought him in to the story at this point to calm the story and let Rip return to his normal life. 9) Reflect: Now after reading and thinking: what connection can you make between Rip Van Winkle and life in 2009? The lazy husband nagging wife story line that all sitcoms are modeled after. William Cullen Bryant Thanatopsis- first draft written in 1811 1) How old was Bryant when he wrote the first draft of Thanatopsis? What did his early Poems reflect? 17; His first poems reflected his own independent style. 2)Infer: The Greek words that comprise the title are Thanatos, meaning death, and opsis meaning seeing; what does this suggest that the poet and reader are going to do in the poem? Examine/meditate on death 3) General Aesthetic Response: Briefly but clearly suggest why this poem fits into the category of Romanticism.

1. Nature is a healing force healing sympathy 2. Embraces imagination over reason. 4) What is the poets vision of the afterlife? He is certain that he will be at home there, but the exact nature of it where it is, what it looks and feels like- is unknown at this time. 5) What is the poets view of the relationship between the individual and society? Each human existence is somehow both unique and communal ant the same time. Henry Wadworth Longfellow My Lost Youth 1) Write down the last couplet that repeats at the end of each stanza. Infer: why is a bys will compared with that of the wind? A boys will is the winds will, and the thoughts of youth are long, long, thoughts This shows that a youths will is ever-changing such as the wind. 2) Longfellow grew up in a peaceful and serene environment, until the war of 1812 broke out. Cite what lines specifically explain Longfellows attitude towards this event. I remember the sea- just for away how it thundered oer the tide! Longfellow was only a boy and it was terrifying. Egar Allen Poe The Fall of the House of Usher 1) Briefly describe the TONE/mood of the story. Creepy, gothic, dull, dark, and gloomy 2) How does the narrator know Roderick Usher, and why is e at this house? The narrator knew Roderick from when they were friends as young boys. He is at his house because Roderick feels ill explained in a letter. 3) Identify two interesting things that happen to Madeline during the course of the story. She is buried alive and she comes back from the dead 4) Identify two different ways that we can explain/interpret the following words from the title. Fall- an overthrowing of the family or the literal fall of the house House- House/home or Family Usher- a family name or a occupation of a person 5) What musical instrument does Roderick play? Guitar 6) What role does Mad Trist by Launcelot Canning play in the plot? It is an element of irony that Poe uses to elevate feelings of fear. 7) What does the narrator learn about the relationship between Roderick and his sister toward the end of the story? They are twins 8) What happens to Roderick Usher at the end of the story? Madeline with the little strength she has after being buried alive kills her brother. 9) What happens to the house at the end of the story? The house collapse to the ground from the crack earlier observed by the narrator. 10) What happens to the narrator at the end of the story? He is leaving on horseback. 11) What is the best evidence that the story is a powerful example of American Romanticism?

It talks of death such as Thanatopsis had. Tomas Paine Quiz Questions needed to know 1) Common sense debuted in 1776 and was viewed as an act of treason against whom? England 2) Common sense sold over . copies in three months and became the most articulate piece of literary writing about the American Revolution. 100,000 3) True or False: Common sense was the best-selling printed work by a single author in American history up to that time and appealed to all classes of colonists. True 4) At what age did Jefferson draft the Declaration of Independence? 33 5) The sale of Jeffersons . volumes to the national government provided the foundation for the Library of Congress. 10000 6) According to the Declaration of Independence, government exists to protect three rights of Americans. 1. Life 2. Liberty 3. The pursuit of happiness 7) The Bond created between the authors and all the people was the first appeal to what? An Ethos 8) Which of the following was NOT suggested by the Declaration of Independence? 1. Government derives power from the consent of the people. 2. Government exists in order to loosen the grips on mens rights 3. People may have power, but they appeal to God for this power. 25) Which type of aristocracy was founded on wealth and birth rather than instruction trust and government of society? Pseudo-aristoi Scarlet letter- published 1835 1) What is the name of the narrator in the introduction? He had no name 2) What causes the narrator to drop the scarlet letter in the introduction? He felt like it burned him 3) what leads the narrator to finally compose the novel as we read it? Lost his job so he had time to write the romance he wanted 4) How long was Hester Prynne to stand on the scaffold in the center of town before wearing the A for the rest of her life time? 3 hours 5) What does the rose bush outside the prison symbolize, according to the narrator? An aspect of sweetness in Hesters story. 6) what does Hester reflect on before climbing the scaffold? The pastors last sermon 7) Which of the following characters was not seated on the balcony overlooking the center of town?

Bellingham 8) why at first does Hester refuse the medicine provided by Chillingworth? She prefers to suffer silently 9) Why does Chillingworth want to remain in Boston? He wants to open a medical clinic. 10) knowing what you know of puritan doctrine from this semester why is it fitting or ironic that a puritan community would brand a womans chest with an embroidered A? They dont want to sin but they will humiliate a woman and they did not like fancy things but the A was golden. 11) Describe one of the explanations the narrator provides as to why Hester chooses to stay in Boston? Pearls father was there 12) What ironic explanation does the narration give to why Hesters needle work is so popular? Her needle work is elaborate and Puritans were against elaborate things 13) What type of occasion is Hesters needlework NEVER contracted? Weddings 14) Why does Hester name he daughter Pearl? She was her treasure 15) Describe Pearls demeanor and personality. She is very bipolar like. Sometimes she acts as if she is a child of the devil and a moment later she will be the sweetest things on earth. 16) What are the two reasons Hester visits Governor Bellinghams mansion in chapter 7? She visits Bellinghams mansion to deliver the gloves she made for his wife and to discus who should have custody of Pearl. 17) Who stops and harasses Hester and Pearl on their way to the mansion? A group of children 18) What disturbs Hester the most when she sees her reflection in the armor? The A seems to engulf her body. 19) What or who saves Hester from losing custody of Pearl? Reverend Dimsdale saves Hester from losing custody of Pearl. 20) At the end of chapter 8, the narrator suggests that pearl had saved her mother from something. Explain what it was and how it was present at this point in the novel. Witchcraft. Mistress Hobbins was going to take her to a witch meeting/Satan cult like thing and the puritans were anti-Satan. 21) Why do the people of the town call Chillingworth a leech? He uses leeches because he is a doctor and that was one of the ways he treated Dimsdale. 22) Why did dimmesdale need a physician to move in, according to Chillingworth? His Health was failing and needs someone there for him incase he needs immediate help. 23) What did pearl think of Chillingworth at this point in the book? The devil 24) Name one of the three ways Dimmesdale tortures himself. Beats himself with a bloody whip. 25) When Dimmesdale cries out on the scaffold, what do townspeople think the noise is? Daemons and witches loose in the night 26) When the Scarlet A appears in the sky, Dimmesdale feels it is revealing his secret.

What do the townspeople think it stands for? Angel signifying Governor Winthrops death. 27) in Chapter 13, Hesters A has changed from adulteress to what new label? Able- she is helpful and kind 28) Hester explains that her scarlet letter can only be removed by whom? God 29) In chapter 15, Pearl plays down in some tide pools. She puts eelgrass on her chest and arranges it in the shape of an A. What is she pretending to be during this moment in the book? A mermaid 30) Why doesnt Hester explain the meaning of the letter on her chest to Pearl? Pearl is to young 31) Why does Hester go looking for Dimmesdale in the forest? Tell about chillingworth being her husband and to stop living with chillingworth. 32) Who does Pearl think Dimmesdale is when she first spots him in the forest? The Black man Vocab Reticent- Silent, secretive, uncommunicative Folly- Lacking good sense Ameliorate- Become better, make better, improve, enhance Indolent- Lazy, idle, lethargic Ebullient- Exuberant, high-spirited Peruse- Reading, study Ambrosial- Extremely pleasing to taste and smell, delicious Ephemeral- Lasting one day only, fleeting short lived Abhorrent- in conflict, utterly opposed, loathsome Admonish- Caution, reprove gently but seriously Effrontery- shameless boldness, insolence, gall Forbearance- Abstaining, leniency, patience Prodigious- Enormous, gigantic, huge, colossal Unwieldy- bulky, cumbersome Maudlin- Weakly sentimental and tearful Ascetic- Self-denying Poignant- painfully touching, piercing Complacent- too pleased with ones self, often without awareness of danger Obsequious- showing excessive willingness to serve Flippant- treating serious matters lightly Pestilential- morally harmful Jocose- given to jesting, playfully humorous Travesty- Limitation that makes a serious thing seem ridiculous Sardonic- bitterly sarcastic, mocking, sneering Alacrity- cheerful willingness; readiness Eminent- Standing out, notable, famous Progenitor- forefather Aversion- strong dislike; repugnance; antipathy Humility- Freedom from pride; lowliness

Precipice- Very steep or overhanging Venerable- Worthy of respect because of advanced age, achievement, virtue, or historical importance Posthumous- Published after the authors death Callow- Young and inexperienced; unfledged Arbitrary- Autocratic, despotic, tyrannical, proceeding from whim of fancy Eclectic- Choosing from various sources, selective Speculate- Buy or sell with hope of profiting by price fluctuations Staid- settled, of quiet disposition sedate Demure- 1. Falsely modest or serous; coy 2. Grave; prim