DATE: January 10, 2023

DRUG STUDY # 1: LOSARTAN

MECHANISM
DRUG NAME INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT/S NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
OF ACTION

Generic Name: Losartan Losartan is  Contraindicated in  CNS: dizziness, asthenia, Before:

Losartan inhibits indicated for patients hypersensitive fatigue, headache, insomnia.  Check doctor’s order.
vasoconstrictive hypertension to drug or its  CV: edema, chest pain.  Ensure client’s identity. Use two patient identifiers at all times. Always
Dosage: and and to reduce components.  EENT: nasal congestion, follow agency policy for patient identification.
50 mg/tab OD aldosterone- risk of stroke in  Use cautiously in  Ensure medication has not expired.
sinusitis, pharyngitis, sinus
secreting action patients with patients with impaired disorder.  Ensure right time, right dose and calculation of medication.
of angiotensin II HTN.
Route: PO renal or hepatic  GI: abdominal pain, nausea,  Explain to patient the purpose of medication administration.
by blocking
function. diarrhea, dyspepsia.  Assess for contraindications, cautions and any known allergies.
angiotensin II
Therapeutic receptor on the  Musculoskeletal: muscle  Assess kidney and liver function.
Class: surface of cramps, myalgia, back or leg  Asses baseline status, especially blood pressure.
Antihyperten- vascular smooth pain.
sives muscle and  Respiratory: cough, URI. During:
other tissue  Other: angioedema.  Verify patient’s identity
Pharmacologic cells.
Class:  Administer the right drug in the right dose and route at the right time.
ARBs  Administer without regard to meals.
 Give with food to decrease GI distress.

After:
 Monitor patient's BP closely to evaluate effectiveness of therapy.
 Monitor the patient in any situation that may lead to a drop in fluid
volume. Closely monitor patients who are taking diuretics.
 Regularly assess patient's renal function (via creatinine and BUN levels).
 Monitor patient response to the drug.
 Monitor for adverse effects.
 Document and record.

DRUG STUDY # 2: OMEPRAZOLE

MECHANISM
DRUG NAME INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT/S NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
OF ACTION

I Page 1 of 3
 DATE: January 10, 2023

Generic Name: Omeprazole Omeprazole is  Contraindicated in  CNS: dizziness, asthenia, Before:

Omeprazole inhibits proton indicated as patients hypersensitive fatigue, headache .  Check doctor’s order.
activity by prophylaxis for to drug or its  GI: abdominal pain,  Ensure client’s identity. Use two patient identifiers at all times. Always
Dosage: binding to symptomatic components and in constipation, nausea, diarrhea, follow agency policy for patient identification.
40 mg hydrogen- GERD without patients receiving flatulence, vomiting, acid  Ensure medication has not expired.
potassium esophageal rilpivirine-containing regurgitation.  Ensure right dose and calculation of medication as well as right time.
adenosine lesions, for products.
Route: IV  Musculoskeletal: back pain,  Explain to patient the purpose of medication administration.
triphosphate, duodenal ulcer
 Use cautiously in weakness.  Assess for contraindications, cautions and any known allergies.
located at disease and as
Therapeutic secretory a short-term patients with  Respiratory: cough, URI.  Monitor magnesium levels before and after treatment.
Class: surface of treatment of hypokalemia and  Skin: rash.  Assess for changes in bowel elimination and GI upset.
Antiulcer drugs gastric parietal active benign respiratory alkalosis
 Assess baseline status, especially heart rate and rhythm.
cells, to gastric ulcer. and in patients on a
Pharmacologic suppress gastric low-sodium diet.
During:
Class: acid secretion
Proton Pump  Verify patient’s identity.
Inhibitors  Administer the right drug in the right dose and route at the right time
(best taken before breakfast or meal).

After:
 Monitor patient's response to the drug (relief of GI Symptoms caused by
hyperacidity, healing of erosive GI lesions).
 Monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of low magnesium level,
such as abnormal HR and rhythm, palpitations, muscle spasms, tremors.
 Periodically assess patient’s magnesium levels.
 Monitor for adverse effects.
 Document and record.

DRUG STUDY # 3: TRANEXAMIC ACID

MECHANISM OF
DRUG NAME INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT/S NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION

Generic Name: Tranexamic acid Tranexamic acid  Contraindicated in Adverse effects include Before:
Tranexamic competitively and is indicated for patients hypersensitive seizures, headaches,  Check doctor’s order.
Acid reversibly inhibits the the treatment of to drug or its backache, abdominal  Ensure client’s identity. Use two patient identifiers at all times. Always
activation of significant components. pain, nausea, vomiting, follow agency policy for patient identification.
Dosage: plasminogen via bleeding in the  Contraindicated to diarrhea, fatigue,  Ensure medication has not expired.
500 mg PRN binding at several context of pulmonary embolism,
I Page 2 of 3
 DATE: January 10, 2023

distinct sites, including hyperfibrinolysis. patients with presence deep vein thrombosis,  Ensure right dose and calculation of medication as well as right time.
Route: IV four or five low-affinity of blood clots (e.g., in anaphylaxis, impaired  Explain to patient the purpose of medication administration.
sites and one high- the leg, lung, eye, color vision, and other  Assess for contraindications, cautions and any known allergies.
affinity site, the latter brain), history or are at visual disturbances.
Therapeutic  Assess baseline status, especially heart rate and rhythm.
of which is involved in risk for blood clots.
Class:
its binding to fibrin.
Antifibrinolytics During:
The binding of
plasminogen to fibrin  Verify patient’s identity.
Pharmacologic induces fibrinolysis -  Administer the right drug in the right dose and route at the right time.
Class: by occupying the  Provide comfort measures and patient education about drug effects.
Cyclooxygenas necessary binding After:
e-2 inhibitors sites tranexamic acid  Monitor patient's response to the drug. Monitor for manifestations of
prevents this adverse effects.
dissolution of fibrin,  Monitor vital signs particularly the blood pressure and heart rate. Monitor
thereby stabilizing the
I&O.
clot and preventing
 Monitor for adverse effects.
hemorrhage.
 Document and record.

I Page 3 of 3