The Effectivity of Musa acuminata Colla (Banana Heart) Extracts

as Odor Reducing Agent for Pig Waste.

A Concept Paper
Presented to
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
BABAG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Babag 1, Lapu-Lapu City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject:
Research 11

Mar Jyrel S. Casquejo

October 2021
Introduction
Blossom of the banana plant (Musa acuminata Colla), by-product of banana cultivation,
is often consumed as a vegetable in many Asian countries such as Sri Lanka, Malaysia,
Indonesia, and the Philippines. In my study, the researcher attempts to ferment the banana heart
used as odor-reducing agent for pig’s waste. Banana like other plants is rich in cellulose. This
substance cellulose, which does not dissolve in water and can only be extracted through
fermentation in the presence of chlorophyll is the key component in eliminating the foul stench
of pig manure.
As livestock production increases, livestock waste is becoming a serious environmental
hazard. In some cases, livestock waste causes continuous and pervasive damage to people's
health (e.g., respiratory diseases, such as asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia) and environment.
Raising an animal that produces a foul stench can be burdensome to the environment, your
surroundings, and especially your neighbors that dwells that malodorous smell every single day.
You as the pig raiser that suffers from the foul stench of pig manure, is the reason for the
creation of this study. To address the problem of air pollution, this study tries the effect of Musa
acuminata Colla, banana heart as to the foul stench of pig manure.
Considering the situation for the pig raisers having the problem of the foul stench of pig
manure, which is unpleasant to our environment, forcing the pig raisers to build a private house
so that they can produce more pigs for their business without any disturbance to its surroundings.
But still the foul stench of pig manure is an air pollution affecting our environment. So instead,
the researcher intends to make a study for this problem to be solved, helping both the pig raisers
and the environment.
Upon seeing the advantages of the effect of Musa acuminata Colla as odor reducing
agent for pig waste, the researcher is motivated to pursue this study. This study aims to
determine the effectiveness of Banana Heart as odor-reducing agent for pig manure. A scent test
shall be made to determine the effect of fermented extracts of banana heart as odor-reducing
agent on the foul stench of the pig manure.

Value of the Study

The result of the study would greatly help the resident pig raisers who gets their family
income from raising pigs and alike, in minimizing or terminating the foul stench from the
piggery. It would augment their income because they will no longer face the problem about the
local officials that seek expensive measures in addressing the problem about pig effluent. This
study is the one of the cheaper ways in solving such as problems in community, thus they can
save allocated budget and use it to other local government problems.
The findings and result of this research will also benefit the residents near the piggery
as they would no longer smell the foul odor from the swine manure thus minimizing respiratory
diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia. This study also helps the community for the
air pollution problem.

Literature Review
This substance cellulose is the key component found in fermented extract from the
banana heart which is responsible in minimizing the foul order of the pig manure. This is done
through absorption of cellulose. Banana heart undergoes fermentation because the substance,
cellulose, can be extracted only through fermentation in the presence of chlorophyll with the aid
of weak alcohol. In this study, natural fermentation has been done. According to Dr. Cho on his
book of “natural farming”, that after seven days fermentation is done.
Some industries use coal to eliminate others from industrial plants and other services of
false metal from animal manure. Call is a good neutralizer of the fall, other because of its
absorptive property. Banana like oh has a strong adsorptive and absorptive properties Because of
the cellulose present in the leaves. Cellulose, on the other hand is very abundant in banana heart
in the form of starch. Starch is found on plants. Its molecule contains about 250 to 1000 glucose
units. The glucose units are made from carbon dioxide and water by photosynthesis. This
reaction requires light and heat energy from the sun and catalyst, called chlorophyll. Glucose
units produced are then broken down into starch to serve food reserve in the plant body.
Peter Reilly on his book, “Discovering how Enzymes Breakdown Cellulose” that
enzymes are proteins produced by living organisms that accelerate chemical reactions. The end
products of natural fermentation are alcohol, carbon dioxide essential nutrients such as protein
and amino acids and other enzymes. They, for example, work inside the digestive system to
break starch or protein molecules into smaller pieces that can be absorbed by the interstates. And
because enzymes breakdown cellulose into simple sugars that can be fermented into alcohol,
they’re a big part of producing ethanol from cellulose.
According to Jamie A. Manalo IV in his article, “Decompose Biodegradable Wastes
Odor Eliminator and Animal Manure with FPJ”, that if you are irritated with the foul stench of
piggery, then use fermented plant juice, Biodegradable ways to hasten its decomposition or
sprinkle it to animal manure to neutralize its offensive odor.
Another science researcher, specialist at PhilRice, Midsayap, Pernelym Torrena, on her
study about fermented plant juice, recommends the use of indigenous Microorganisms since she
is applying fermented plant juice to deodorize her piggery. Penelyn, in her study uses fermented
plant juice to decompose biodegradable waste to make it as fertilizer for plants and also as other
eliminator for animal manure.

Objectives of the Study

In the conduct of this study, the researcher aims to:
a. Evaluates the effectivity of Musa acuminata Colla as odor reducing agent for pig waste.
b. Make a product that will help the pig raisers to lessen the stench from pig waste.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to investigate the effectivity of Musa acuminata Colla as odor reducing
agent for pig waste, during the school year 2021-2022, to propose fermented extracts from
banana heart as odor-reducing agent to pig waste.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What are the raw materials of the fermented banana heart?
2. What is the volume of fermented extracts of banana heart?
3. How much is the cost of the fermented extracts of banana heart?
4. What is the effect of Musa acuminata Colla to the foul stench of pig manure?
5. Is there a significant relationship between the foul stench of pig manure and
fermented banana heart extracts used as moist feeds additive?

Research Hypothesis
1. There is a significant relationship between the foul stench of pig manure and
fermented banana heart extracts used as reducing agent to pig waste.
2. There is no significant relationship between the foul stench of pig manure and
fermented banana heart extracts used as reducing agent to pig waste.

Research Methodology
This study uses only experimental method. Experiments are made to produce fermented
extracts of banana heart used as odor-reducing agent to pig waste. This is made to test the effect
of fermented extracts of banana heart on the foul stench of the pig manure. An odor test is
administered to test the effect of fermented extracts of banana heart on the pig manure. Natural
fermentation is being used in this study.
 For the procedure of the fermentation. We need the following materials, 500 grams of
banana heart, 500 grams of brown sugar, 500ML beaker, filter paper, clay pot, weighing scale,
manila paper, and piece of string to lock it. After harvesting a banana heart, chop it into very
small pieces, add brown sugar to the chopped banana heart in the ratio of 1:1 (e.g., 500g of
banana heart and 500g of brown sugar). The two raw materials should be mixed thoroughly and
place in a clay pot. Place the clay pot in a dark area of the room and let it stay for a week. After a
week extraction of fermented banana heart was made. After one week, the fermentation process
of the banana heart is already complete.

References
Sherri A. Miller, et al, “Natural Farming Fermented Plant Juice”, (2013), 102-120.
Rodel G. Maghirang, “Organic Fertilizer from Waste”, (2011), 91-119.
P. Langhout, “New Additives for swine”, World of Poultry-Elsevier, (200), 22-27.
Jaime A. Manalo IV, “Decompose Biodegradable Waste” Deodorize Animal Manure with
Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ); Agricultural Magazine, p.34, (2008).
L.A. Tucker, “Plant Extracts to maintain farm performance”, Feed Intake, (2002), 54-62.
Alex Lewin, “Real Food Fermentation”, (2000), 79-86.
G.M. Pesti, “Impact of Dietary Amino Acid and Crude Protein Levels in Swine Feeds on
Biological Performance”, (2009), 15.
Park Ho and M.W. Du Ponte, “Development of Multi-Probiotics”, The Final report of
Agriculture and forestry in South Korea, (2008), 21.