THE HARVARD REFERENCING SYSTEM

A quick guide

Harvard referencing requires two types of references:

(1) in the body of the assignment (‘in-text’ referencing) and

(2) at the end of the assignment (an ‘end-of-text’ Reference List)

‘In-text’ referencing provides source details for the quotes and paraphrases within the body of your assignment. This
indicates to the reader the author and year of the source.

The Reference List, on the final page of your assignment, is an alphabetical list by author’s surname of all the books,
articles and electronic sources referred to within the body of the assignment. This provides the reader with all the
information necessary to access the source materials if desired.

IN-TEXT REFERENCING
‘In-text’ referencing must include the surname (of author/s), year (of publication) and page number (for a quote).

Two examples of a paraphrase:

Singh (2006) indicates that in the last ten years sweeping changes have occurred in methods of accountancy.

or:

Researchers indicate that in the last ten years sweeping changes have occurred in methods of accountancy (Singh
2006).

Two examples of a short quote:

Short quotes (up to 30 words or 3 lines) should be in single quotation marks.

It is suggested that ‘there have been many large changes in accountancy methods’ (Singh 2006, p. 37).

or:

Singh (2006, p. 37) suggests that ‘there have been many large changes in accountancy methods’.

Kent Institute Australia Pty. Ltd.

Harvard Referencing – Quick Guide ABN: 49 003 577 302 CRICOS Code: 00161E RTO Code: 90458
Version 1: 7 August 2017 Page 1 of 2 TEQSA Provider Number: PRV12051
REFERENCE LIST
Make a reference list entry for every in-text reference. Order these references alphabetically by authors’ surname.
Below are some examples for different sources.

Book (one or more authors)

Author/s surname, + initial/s for given names + year of publication, + Book title in italics, + edition number (if
applicable), + Publisher, + City of publication.

Nash, R 1990, The rights of nature, Primavera Press, Sydney.

Bartol, K, Martin, D, Tein, M & Matthews, G 1998, Management: a Pacific rim focus, 2nd edn, McGraw Hill, Sydney.

Journal article
Author/s surname, + initial/s, + year of publication, + ‘Title of article in single quotation marks’, + Title of Journal
in Italics, + volume and issue /number or date, + page numbers.

Putin, I 2005, ‘Recent developments in Russian HRM’, HRM International, vol. 42, no. 3, pp.18-27.

Website/webpage with author(s) (Wherever possible find the name of author and year – if not immediately obvious
look beside the © symbol usually found at bottom of the webpage)
Author/s surname, + initial/s for given names + year of publication + ‘Web page title in single quotation marks’
(if appropriate), + Website title in italics, + viewed day month year, + complete URL underlined.

Greenhill, A & Fletcher, G 2004 ‘Electronic References & Scholarly Citations of Internet Sources’, spaceless.com,
viewed 29 May 2017, http://www.spaceless.com/WWWVL/.

Website/webpage with company author/s

Company/organisation/government department + year of publication, + ‘Web page title in single quotation
marks’ (if appropriate), + Website title in italics, + viewed day month year, + complete URL underlined.

Qantas Airways 2005, ‘Corporate governance structure’, Qantas, viewed 25 February 2017,
http://www.qantas.com.au.info/about/corporateGovernance.

Kent Institute Australia Pty. Ltd.

Harvard Referencing – Quick Guide ABN: 49 003 577 302 CRICOS Code: 00161E RTO Code: 90458
Version 1: 7 August 2017 Page 2 of 2 TEQSA Provider Number: PRV12051