4011 REP ABE 075 440 0004 - Rev05 - Functional Description Electrical System

ABENER
Report
Title:
Functional Description Electrical System
Client: Saudi Electricity Company
Project: Waad Al-Shamal ISCCPP

Contract No.: 4400006770
Document No.: 4011-REP-ABE-075-440-0004

Revision: 05
Date: 2018/19/07
The original one of this document is approved and filed in document management system application
ABENER
Issued by:
Jorge Martínez García. Electrical Engineer. Abener Electronic Signature
Checked by:
Jose Virgilio de Andrade. Electrical Engineer. Abener Electronic Signature
Reviewed by:
Zigor Larrabe Uribe. Lead Electrical Engineer. Abener Electronic Signature
Approved by:
Victor Trabadela Molina. Engineering Director. Abener Electronic Signature
"© This document is property of Abener. Its total or partial reproduction is strictly forbidden by any means, as well as its distribution to
third parties without the express written consent of client”
If for exceptional reasons, due to specific aspects of the project (eg: project confidential information, legal requirements or local regulations
and/or contractual requirements of the client), there was a need to modify the requirements included in this procedure, these changes
must be properly documented in the quality, environment and health and safety plan of the project, prior approval from the company
headquarters management system department
4011-REP-ABE-075-440-0004_Functional
Description Electrical System
ABENER Revision: Date: Page:

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Revision control sheet
Appr
Revi Checked Reviewe
Date Purpose Reason for revision Issued by oved
sion by d by
by
00 2016/10/20 IFD First issue JMG/SR/SVR ZLU ACM VTM
01 2017/03/03 IFD Comments ESBI CRS00531 JMG/JVA ZLU ACM VTM
Comments TRM Seville
02 2017/04/18 IFD JMG/JVA ZLU ACM VTM
22/03/2017
03 2017/07/01 IFD Comments CRS00531_v02 JMG/JVA ZLU ACM VTM
04 2018/01/05 IFD Comments CRS00531_v03 JMG ZLU/JVA MGC VTM
Comments CRS00531_v04
05 2018/19/07 IFD JMG JVA ZLU VTM
and TRM Seville July 2018
Preliminary or pending information
Edition Sections Concepts Status
Document status:
☒ For approval.
☐ For information.
Critical:
☒ Yes
☐ No

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Table of contents:
1 Subject and scope ............................................................................................. 10
2 Reference documents ....................................................................................... 11
3 Acronyms .......................................................................................................... 12
4 Electrical system description ............................................................................ 14
4.1 Main electrical components .......................................................................... 16
5 GT Normal Operation ....................................................................................... 16
5.1 Ready to start conditions .............................................................................. 17
5.1.1 One GT UAT out of service ............................................................................ 19
5.1.2 Two UATs out of service ................................................................................ 24
5.1.3 One GSUT out of service................................................................................ 33
5.1.4 One GT out of service .................................................................................... 39
5.1.5 Two GTs out of service .................................................................................. 48
5.1.6 One LCI or LCI transformer out of service....................................................... 56
5.1.7 Ready to start from diesel operation .............................................................. 58
5.2 Normal Start-up ............................................................................................. 63
5.2.1 One GT UAT out of service ............................................................................ 64
5.2.3 One GSUT out of service................................................................................ 65

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5.2.6 One LCI or LCI transformer out of service....................................................... 67
5.3 Ready to synchronize .................................................................................... 67
5.3.1 One GT UAT is out of service ......................................................................... 69
5.3.5 One GSUT is out of service ............................................................................ 87
5.3.6 Preferred synchronization points .................................................................... 90
5.4 Load Operation .............................................................................................. 90
5.5 Full speed no load operation (FSNL) ............................................................ 91
5.6 House load operation (HL) ............................................................................ 92
5.6.1 Normal HL ..................................................................................................... 95
5.6.3 Two GTs out of service ................................................................................ 110
5.6.4 One GT UAT out of service .......................................................................... 119
5.6.5 Two UATs out of service .............................................................................. 131
5.6.6 One GSUT out of service.............................................................................. 143
5.6.7 Partial House load operation during combined cycle..................................... 149
5.6.8 Open cycle House Load operation ................................................................ 150
5.6.9 Partial House load operation during open cycle ............................................ 156

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5.7 Normal shut-down ...................................................................................... 157
5.8 Stop .............................................................................................................. 157
5.8.1 Stop from Shut-down from HL .................................................................... 158
5.9 Shut-down from house load....................................................................... 159
5.9.1 One machine house load ............................................................................. 160
5.9.2 Two-machine house load............................................................................. 166
5.10 Ready to black-start .................................................................................. 172
5.11 Black-start .................................................................................................. 174
5.11.1 Black-start with GT12 .................................................................................. 175
6 GT Abnormal Operation ................................................................................. 188
6.1 Emergency shut-down ................................................................................ 188
6.1.1 GT Internal fault .......................................................................................... 188
6.1.2 Electrical fault in the zone between GCB and the 380kV HV CB ................... 188
6.1.3 Failure at the MV auxiliary service of the GT generator ................................. 189
6.1.4 Failure during GT Start-up ........................................................................... 189
6.2 Black safe coast down ................................................................................. 190
6.2.1 Black safe coast down during HL ................................................................. 191
6.2.1 Black safe coast down during Load operation .............................................. 192
7 ST Normal Operation ...................................................................................... 194

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7.1 Ready to start conditions ............................................................................ 194
7.1.1 One ST UAT out of service ........................................................................... 195
7.2 Normal start up ........................................................................................... 196
7.3 Ready to synchronize .................................................................................. 197
7.3.1 One ST UAT out of service ........................................................................... 198
7.4 Load operation ............................................................................................ 199
7.5 Normal shut-down ...................................................................................... 199
7.6 Stop .............................................................................................................. 200
7.6.1 One ST UAT is out of service ........................................................................ 200
7.7 FSNL by-pass ................................................................................................ 201
8 ST Abnormal Operation ................................................................................. 203
8.1 Emergency shut-down ................................................................................ 203
8.1.1 ST Internal fault ........................................................................................... 203
8.1.2 Electrical fault in the zone between GCB and the 380KV HV CB .................. 204
8.1.3 Failure at the MV auxiliary service of the ST generator .................................. 205
8.1.4 Start-up ST failure ....................................................................................... 206
9 Plant Auxiliary Services Normal Operation ................................................... 207
9.1 Emergency-Black Start genset on-load testing mode ............................... 207
10 Auxiliary services disturbed modes ............................................................... 209
10.1 UAT failure ................................................................................................. 209

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10.2 Start-up transformer failure ..................................................................... 209
10.3 MV bus-bar failure..................................................................................... 210
10.4 MV switchgears and circuits ..................................................................... 211
10.4.1 Under-voltage relays .................................................................................... 211
10.4.2 High speed transfer switches: HSTS ............................................................. 211
10.5 LV circuits, STS and ATSs ........................................................................... 216
10.5.1 Main LV Bus-bars ........................................................................................ 216
10.5.2 LV emergency supply: UPS and DC systems.................................................. 217
10.6 Load Commutated Inverter LCI ................................................................. 218
10.7 Excitation system....................................................................................... 218
10.8 Failure of BSDG .......................................................................................... 218
10.9 Electrical power equipment ...................................................................... 218
10.9.1 Generator circuit breaker ............................................................................. 218
10.9.2 Neutral point and generator outline cubicle ................................................. 219
10.9.3 Isolated phase bus duct ............................................................................... 219
11 Combined Operation of Several Units .......................................................... 220
11.1 Several Units Normal Start-up Operation ................................................ 220
11.1.1 Starting when several or all units are stopped .............................................. 220
11.2 Several Units Stop Operation ................................................................... 221
11.2.1 Normal stopping when all units are running ................................................. 221
11.3 Several Units Emergency Stop Operation ................................................ 221

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11.4 Plant House Load Operation ..................................................................... 221
12 Plant Synchronization System ....................................................................... 223
12.1 Synchronizing closing command .............................................................. 224
12.2 Synchronizing voltages ............................................................................. 224
12.3 Synchronizing procedure .......................................................................... 225
12.3.1 Turbine start-up with fully automatic synchronizing ..................................... 225
12.3.2 HV CB synchronization of a GT unit in HL mode .......................................... 225
12.3.3 CB Control Authorities ................................................................................ 226
13 NOT ON Grid signal generation ..................................................................... 227
Appendix .............................................................................................................. 229
Appendix 1. Frequency control strategy of GT during grid disconnections .... 230
Appendix 2. Single-line diagram ........................................................................ 231
Appendix 3. Operation modes and transitions of the GT in the WAS project 232
Appendix 4. Operation modes and transitions of the ST in the WAS Project . 233

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1 Subject and scope
This document shows the electrical functional description for the main operational states of the
Waad Al-Shamal (WAS) integrated solar combined cycle power plant, including the electrical
control philosophy and the operation description of the main electrical components affected by
the operational states, considering the sequence of maneuvers in the electrical system that
connect/disconnect the units and their auxiliary equipment to enable the required functionalities.
What it is shown in the following sections, regarding plant configurations, is a recommendation

to favor that the GTs remain connected when entering in house load mode. The following
configurations have been used: maximize the loading of the generators that remain connected
during house load operation, and minimize the number of maneuvers when entering in house
load mode. Note, that surviving a grid disconnection and going into house load will depend on
the nature of the fault that induce the disconnection.
Gas turbine 11 and steam turbine generators will not enter in house load operation in any case.
The rest of the 3 gas turbines can operate in house load mode according to the user preselection,
in the HMI, and based on the recommendations of this document. Thus, the gas turbines pre-
selected as not preferred for house load (island) operation will be tripped as soon as the HV
connection to the grid is lost. The maximum number of gas turbines that can coexists in house
load mode is 2 (always there should be electrical separation between them) and this depend on
the plant configuration as it can be seen in this document.
The references in this document to out of service components are to be understood not as
maintenance guide, but as an indication of the plant main CBs and disconnectors configuration
in order the plant is ready for house load operations.
The present document should not be understood as a guarantee of any kind.
Plant capabilities for low voltage ride through are shown in [3].

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2 Reference documents
The followings documents have been used as main references:
[1]. 4011-DRA-ABE-075-440-0002_rev05 ”Overall Single Line Diagram”.

[2]. 4011-DRA-ABE-079-445-0001_rev03 ”MV switchgear single line diagram”.
[3]. GE Energy Consulting Report “Waad Al-Shamal Combined Cycle Power Plant (IPS
995305) Transient Grid Voltage and Frequency Variation Study” v2.1.
[4]. ABB Operating Manual “High Speed Transfer Device SUE 3000”.
[5]. 4011-LIS-ABE-075-440-0001_revB ”Electrical Equipment List”.
[6]. 4011-DRA-ABE-075-440-0009_rev00 ”Electrical System Interlocking”.
[7]. 4011-LIS-ABE-075-411-0001_revD ”Electrical Consumer List”
[8]. 4011-DRA-ABE-075-400-00100_rev01 ”MV Logic diagrams”
[9]. Emerson Operation Manual “Liebert STS2 Static Transfer Switch2”.
[10].4011-DRA-ABE-075-400-0006_rev02 “Interlocks&Protection trip-alarm matrices
between power plant and 380kV substation”.
[11].4011-REP-ABE-078-462-0001 ”UPS system design criteria & calculations”.
[12].4011-REP-ABE-078-463-0001 “DC System design criteria & calculations”.
[13].4011-DRA-ABE-078-463-0002_rev01 “DC system single line diagram”.

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3 Acronyms
ASL Arabian Super Light fuel

ATS Automatic transfer switch
BOP Balance of plant
BSDG Black start diesel generator
CB Circuit breaker
CCR Central control room
DS Disconnector switch
DCS Distributed control system
EXC Excitation
FSNL Full sped no load
GCB Generator circuit breaker
GDS Generator disconnector switch
GSUT Generator step-up transformer
GN Gas Natural
GT Gas turbine
HRSG Heat recovery steam generator
HSTS High-speed transfer switch
HV High voltage
LCI Line commutated inverter
LV Low voltage
MCC Motor control center
MV Medium voltage
NER Neutral earthing resistor
PF Power factor
SEC Saudi electricity company
ST Steam turbine
STS Static transfer switch

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SLD Single line diagram

STEB Steam electrical building
TSO Transmission system operator
TCP Turbine control panel
IPB Isolated phase bus
UAT Unit auxiliary transformer
UPS Uninterruptible power supply system
VSD Variable speed drive
/ And

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4 Electrical system description
The Waad Al Shamal plant is a 407FA.05 multi-shaft combined cycle power block configuration.
The plant has (4) gas turbines (GT) driving A63 generators with a steam turbine (ST) driving a
H84 generator.
The Waad Al Shamal plant with solar steam configuration will generate electrical power and
evacuate it through 380 kV transmission lines to the 380 kV GIS substation. The substation has
a configuration of 1,5 half circuit breaker scheme. The combined cycle power plant is connected
to the SEC electricity transmission system through the 380 kV substation. Generally, the operator
will operate and control the combined-cycle plant to fit the power demand and determine the
load set point.
According to the plant design, two groups of gas turbine generators (GTs) can be identified, the
group with GT11 and 12, and the group with GT13 and 14. Each group is equipped with its
own generator step-up transformer (GSUT), having the gas turbines group 11/12 the GSUT
01BAT10, the gas turbines 13/14 group the GSUT 01BAT20 and the steam turbine the GSUT
01BAT40. Every GSUT has it on load tap changer. Also, every GSUT has its own connection to
the HV substation. Moreover, each generator has its generator circuit breaker (GCB)
18/14/13/12/10BAC10GS100 connected to the secondary winding of the GSUT. The GSUT of
the gas turbines is a 3 windings transformer, having 2 secondary windings, one per gas turbine,
and an on-load tap changer.
In addition, the plant includes 2 line commutated inverters (LCI) unit for start-up of the GTs. One
LCI can start one gas turbine at a time.
The plant includes 4 auxiliary transformers (UAT) to provide power to its auxiliary main service
busses (01BBA40/30/20/10). Essentially the UATs 01BBT40/30 and busbars 01BBA30/40 are
used to supply the auxiliaries of the steam turbine system, and the UATs. 01BBT20/10 and
busbars 01BBA10/20 are used to supply the auxiliaries of the gas turbines. Sizing of the
transformers are done, in order one UAT can cope with all the power needed from its busbar
and the adjacent busbar, in case one of the HSTS is closed. Every UAT is connected to one of
the 4 medium busbars by a circuit breaker (01BBA40/30/20/10GH010). Also, the 4 UATs have
an on load tap changer system.
The plant can be operated in simple or combined mode, according to the connection of the
steam turbine generator. Thus, two modes can be identified. It can be operated in simple mode,

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where the steam turbine generator is disconnected, or in combined mode, where it is connected
to the grid.
The plant includes a diesel generation system which is intended to be used for emergency
situations. This system is composed by 4 diesel generator units (10BM_10/20/30/40), each
generator having its own circuit breaker (10BDA10GH020/10 and 10BDA20GH020/10). They
are coupled in pairs, to one of the 2 bus bars (10BDA10/20). These 2 diesel system busbars can
be coupled between them by closing manually the HSTS. The diesel system busbars can be linked
to the 4 main MV bus bars by closing the corresponding circuit breakers (10BDA10/20GH030/40
and 01BBA40/30/20/10GH020)
The total power plant including the generating units, unit auxiliary equipment and common
auxiliary equipment shall be monitored and controlled centrally from the Central Control Room
(CCR). To take the necessary actions when operating the plant, the operator must know in every
moment in which operational mode the plant is working. This information must be always
present in the electrical control system. Operating staff have the facilities to monitor the status
and condition of the plant, adjust and take any necessary action to maintain the correct
operation of the plant under all the scenarios.
For the normal start, shutdown and standstill operations minimum local operation shall be
required. Generally, manual operations are needed after malfunctions, grid problems, repair and
maintenance works, e.g. to bring the plant to the ready to start state condition (operational
plant configuration), or when these situations are finished to bring the plant to the pre-fault or
pre-maintenance state, detailed of what is implemented in the DCS for manoeuvring CBs and
DSs can be found in [8]. It is responsibility of the plant operator to set the right plant
configuration, by operating the CBs and disconnectors.
Note as well, that the plant configuration cases, shown in this document, where one or two
components are out of operation, are valid when the rest of the plant components are available
and can work as specified. Simplified diagrams of these situations can be found along this
document.
Despite the black-start operation, the HSTSs and diesel bus-bar link connections, are used when
one or two components are out of operation. In addition, in all configurations, there will be, at
least, a cable link and busbar, from the diesel system, that are kept energized (hot stand-by).
The power flow in the diesel bus-bar links is from GT to ST bus-bars. In addition, when using the
diesel links the operator must use the ATSs to equilibrate and decrease the loading of the UATs
as needed.

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For every case, there are several combinations for linking the main MV bus-bars to keep them
energized. What it is shown in this document is a way of doing it, other ways can be valid as
well.
4.1 Main electrical components
Following list shows the main electrical components of the plant, used among this document.
• HV system: 380 kV transmission cable from GSUT to one and half circuit breaker GIS
substation.
• MV generation system: The generation consists of four (4) GT/HRSG sets, each supplying
steam to one (1) ST. The GTs units are rated 274 MVA, 19 kV and 0.85 PF. The steam
turbine unit is rated at 577 MVA, 23.5 kV and 0.85 PF.
• (4) Four GCBs 19 kV, 9000A, 100 kA, units.
• (1) One GCB 23.5 kV, 17000A, 160 kA.
• (14) Fourteen Isolated phase bus ducts (IPBs) 19±5% kV.
• (5) Five phase bus ducts (IPBs) 23.5±5% kV.
• (4) Four segregated bus-duct 13.8±10% kV.
• (2) Two GSUTs 448/560: 224/280: 224/280 MVA 380+/-10x1.25%/19-19 kV, YNd1d1.
• (1) One GSUT 464/580 MVA 380+/-10x1.25% / 23.5kV, YNd1.
• (2) Two UAT 50/62.5 MVA 19+5/-8x1.25%/13.8 kV Dyn11.
• (1) One UAT 30/37.5 MVA 19+5/-8x1.25%/13.8 kV Dyn11.
• (1) One UAT 30/37.5 MVA 23.5+5/-8x1.25%/13.8 kV Dyn11.
• (15) Fifteen 13.8 kV medium voltage buses.
• (2) Two MV/LV distribution transformers 4000 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV, Dyn1.
• (16) Sixteen MV/LV distribution transformers 2500 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV, Dyn1.
• (2) Two MV/LV distribution transformers 2000 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV, Dyn1.
• (6) Six MV/LV distribution transformers 1600 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV, Dyn1.
• (4) Four MV/LV distribution transformers 1250 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV, Dyn1.
• (5) Five MV/LV distribution transformers 1000 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV.
• (6) Six MV/LV distribution transformers 630 kVA, 13.8+/-2x2.5% / 0.48 kV, Dyn1.
• (2) Two MV/MV transformers to pump 4000 kVA, 13.8 / 4.16 kV, Dyn1.
• (3) Three MV/MV transformers to pump 1600 kVA, 13.8 / 4.16 kV, Dyn1.
• (10) Ten MV/MV transformers to pump 630 kVA, 13.8 / 4.16 kV, Dyn1.
• (2) Two transformers for LCI start-up system 5450-2725/2725 kVA, 13.8-2.08/2.08 kVA.
• (4) Four transformers for GT excitation system 1250 kVA, 13.8 / 0.5 kV.
• (1) One transformer for ST excitation system 4000 kVA, 23.5 / 0.8 kV.
• (4) Four emergency diesel generators (each 4223 kVA/13.8 kV).
5 GT Normal Operation
This section describes the GTs normal generic operation modes:

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1- Ready to start conditions

2- Normal start-up
3- Ready to synchronize
4- Load operation
5- FSNL operation
6- House load
7- Normal shut-down
8- Stop
9- Shut-down from house load
10-Ready to black-start
11-Black-start
Note: See GT modes and transition matrix in Appendix 3.
5.1 Ready to start conditions
This mode comes from the stop mode, and to enter in this mode it is needed the command from
the plant operator and the presence of grid voltage and no alarm in any major component.
In the ready to start condition the plant is energized from the HV 380kV station through the
generator step-down transformers. For the starting a unit it must be verified that its auxiliary
bus-bars are energized, in the normal condition this is done through the UATs relative to the
starting machine, i.e. 01BBT10 for GT Units 11 or 12, or 01BBT20 for GT Units 13 or 14. Note
that the LCI, turbine/generator, AVR, and associated CBs and DSs are directly controlled by the
Mark*VIe controller, thus, the status of these components, that are reflected in the following
tables, is the expected status, which may differ according to other factors not considered in this
generic document. In ready to start condition, at least one of the BSDG busbars is energized by
using the link cables with the MV busbars of the ST and GTs.
Note that, the first time the plant is energized the manual (non-motorized) disconnectors require
closing actions from the operator, such as 11/12/13/14BAC10GS101.
From ready to start the GT can go to the normal start-up mode or can return to the stop mode.
Both transitions need operator action.
The status of the maneuvering elements, when no main components are out of service, is
summarized in the table below:

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Description GT nr. KKS code Status
HV
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
GSUT 11,12,13,14,18 01BAT10/20/40 Energized
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20 Energized
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH010 Closed
Aux GT services bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20 Energized
UAT 18 01BBT30/40 Energized
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA30/40GH010 Closed
Aux ST services bus 18 01BBA30/40 Energized
Excitation CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH070/80 Closed
HSTS ST/GT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20/40GH000 Open (*)
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14MKC10 Energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open
LCI transformers 11,12,13,14 01BPT10/20 De-Energized
LCI output DS 11,12,13,14 01BPT10/20GT100 Open
LCI output 11,12,13,14 De-energized
Starting DS 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14BAC10GS201 Open
Starting manual DS 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14BAC10GS101 Closed
LCI bus link 01BPT00GT100 Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10GH020 Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA20GH020 Open

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Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20GH030 Closed

Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20GH040 Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA40GH020 Closed
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA30GH020 Open
MV boards BSDG 10BDA10/20 Energized
Below it is shown the equivalent SLD.
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10
01BBA40GH010 01BBA30GH010 01BBA20GH010 01BBA10GH010

M 01BBA40GH000 M M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M 11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200 01BBA40 01BBA30 14BAC10GS200 13BAC10GS200 01BBA20 01BBA10
01BBA40 01BBA30 01BBA20 01BBA20 01BBA20 01BBA20 01BBA10 01BBA10 01BBA10 01BBA10
GH070 GH080 GH090 GH020 GH020 GH090 GH080 GH070 12BAC10GS100 11BAC10GS100
GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
12BAC10GS201 11BAC10GS201
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
M 01BPT20GT100 01BPT10GT100 M
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
13BAC10GS101 01BPT00GT100 12BAC10GS101
10BDA10GH000
10BDA10GH010 10BDA10GH020 10BDA20GH020

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
18MKA10 14MKA10 13MKA10 12MKA10 11MKA10
stop Stop Stop Stop Stop
Energized
Out of operation
5.1.1 One GT UAT out of service
The following sections reflect the cases where one GT UAT is out of service (01BBT20/10). Note
that to set the UAT in out of service is necessary to de-energized the affected power block, i.e:
UAT, GSUT, generator, thus being needed to stop the affected GTs.

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5.1.1.1 GT UAT 01BBT10 out of service
Aux. GT services bus-bars energized through the UAT 01BBT20, diesel bus-bar is linked to GT
and ST bus-bars, and the GT transfer switch is closed to enable HL capability.
HV
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10 De-energized
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20 Energized
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Open
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH010 Closed
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA30GH010 Closed
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA40GH010 Open

HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Closed
HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Open
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 MKC10 Energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 21 of 233
LCI transformers 11,12,13,14 01BPT10/20 De-energized

Starting DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS201 Open
Starting DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS101 Closed
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20GH030/040 Open
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA10GH030/040 Closed
MV boards BSDG 10BDA10 Energized
MV boards BSDG 10BDA20 De-energized
Below it is shown the equivalent SLD.

05 2018/19/07 22 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.1.2 UAT 01BBT20 out of service
Aux services bus energized through the UAT 01BBT10 and the transfer switch is closed.
HV
K814/16/834/836
HV DS 11,12,13,14 Closed
K634/636/654/656
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/830 K630/650 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open

05 2018/19/07 23 of 233


LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20/10GH040 Open
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20/10GH030 Closed

05 2018/19/07 24 of 233
Below is the equivalent single line diagram.
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.2 Two UATs out of service
Alternatively, to the above table status, the following table reflects the case where 2 UATs are
out of service.
Note that to set the UAT in out of service is necessary to de-energized the affected power block,
i.e: UAT, GSUT, generator, thus being needed to stop the affected GTs.
Note as well, that in case 2 UATs are out of service, the plant can normally operate with all
turbines connected, when being these out of service UATs, one of the ST connected aux bus
UAT (01BBT40 or 01BBT30) and the other one of the GT connected aux bus (01BBT20 or
01BBT10).
5.1.2.1 UAT 01BBT20 and UAT 01BBT40 out of service
Aux services bus energized through the UAT 01BBT10/30 and the transfer switches are closed.

05 2018/19/07 25 of 233
HV
K814/16/834/836
K634/636/654/656
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/830 K630/650 Closed

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 18 01BBT30 Energized
UAT 18 01BBT40 De-energized

HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Closed
Aux services bus 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30/40 Energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 26 of 233

Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA10/20GH040 Open
Following it can be found the equivalent single line diagram.

14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 27 of 233
Aux services bus energized through the UAT 01BBT20/30 and the GT transfer switch is closed.
HV
K814/16/834/836
K634/636/654/656
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/830 K630/650 Closed

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open

LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 28 of 233


05 2018/19/07 29 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.2.3 GT UAT 01BBT20 and UAT 01BBT30 out of service
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12 K810/30 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed

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GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open



LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open


05 2018/19/07 31 of 233

14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.2.4 GT UAT 01BBT10 and UAT 01BBT30 out of service
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed

05 2018/19/07 32 of 233

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open


LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open


05 2018/19/07 33 of 233


14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.3 One GSUT out of service
The following table reflects the cases where one GSUT is out of service.

05 2018/19/07 34 of 233
5.1.3.1 GSUT 01BAT10 out of service
Aux services bus energized through the UAT of the “other group of GTs”, diesel link is used,
and the GT transfer switch is closed.
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Open
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12 K810/30 Open
GSUT 11,12 01BAT10 De-energized
GSUT 13,14 01BAT20 Energized

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
GSUT 18 01BAT40 Energized
MV
GDS 11,12 BAC10GS200 Open
GDS 13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open


05 2018/19/07 35 of 233

Excitation CB 11,12 01BBA10GH070/80 Open
Excitation CB 13,14 01BBA20GH070/80 Closed
Excitation transformer 11,12 MKC10 De-energized
Excitation transformer 13,14 MKC10 Energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

Starting DS 11,12 BAC10GS101 Open
Starting DS 13,14 BAC10GS101 Closed
Following it is shown the single line diagram.

05 2018/19/07 36 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
Aux services bus energized through the UAT of the “other group of GTs”, diesel link is used,
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Open
HV CB 13,14 K630/50 Open
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed

05 2018/19/07 37 of 233
GSUT 18 01BAT40 Energized

MV
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open


LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 38 of 233


14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 39 of 233
5.1.4 One GT out of service
5.1.4.1 GT11 out of service
If GT11 is out of service the main difference with the normal situation is that the GT has its GDS
and GCB open.
HV
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 12,13,14,18 12/13/14/18BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 12,13,14,18 12/13/14/18BAC10GS100 Open
GDS 11 11BAC10GS200 Open
GCB 11 11BAC10GS100 Open
Excitation CB 12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH070/80 Closed
Excitation CB 11 01BBA10GH070 Open
HSTS ST or GT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20/40GH000 Open (*)
Excitation transformer 12,13,14 12/13/14MKC10 Energized
Excitation transformer 11 11MKC10 De-energized

05 2018/19/07 40 of 233
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

Starting DS 12,13,14 12/13/14BAC10GS101 Closed
Starting DS 11 11BAC10GS101 Open
Following it is shown the equivalent single line diagram.

05 2018/19/07 41 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
and GCB open.
HV
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,12,14,18 12/11/14/18BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,14,18 12/11/14/18BAC10GS100 Open

05 2018/19/07 42 of 233
GDS 13 13BAC10GS200 Open

GCB 13 13BAC10GS100 Open
Excitation CB 12,11,14 01BBA10/20GH070/80 Closed
HSTS ST/GT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20/40GH000 Open (*)
Excitation transformer 11,12,14 11/12/14MKC10 Energized
Excitation transformer 13 13MKC10 De-energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open
Starting DS 12,11,14 12/11/14BAC10GS101 Closed
Starting DS 13 13BAC10GS101 Open

05 2018/19/07 43 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
and GCB open and the diesel bridge is used to have the plant ready for HL scenario.
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed

05 2018/19/07 44 of 233

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 12 BAC10GS200 Open
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
GDS 11,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed

HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Open
Excitation CB 11 01BBA10GH070 Closed
Excitation transformer 11,13,14 MKC10 Energized
Excitation transformer 12 MKC10 De-energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 45 of 233

Starting DS 11,13,14 BAC10GS101 Closed
Starting DS 12 BAC10GS101 Open

05 2018/19/07 46 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
and GCB open and the two diesel bridges are used to have the plant ready for HL scenario.
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed

05 2018/19/07 47 of 233

MV
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA40/30GH010 Open


LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

Starting DS 11,12,13 BAC10GS101 Closed
Starting DS 14 BAC10GS101 Open

05 2018/19/07 48 of 233

Following it is shown the equivalent single line diagram.

14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.5 Two GTs out of service
In the following sections, the case where two GTs are out of service is shown, the rest of the
plant components are in normal status.

05 2018/19/07 49 of 233
5.1.5.1 GT12 and GT14 out of service
In this case GT12 and GT14 are out of service, thus similar configuration as 5.1.4.3, with the
addition that also GT14 is stopped, with its GCB and GDS open.
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open


05 2018/19/07 50 of 233


LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

Following it is the equivalent single line diagram.

05 2018/19/07 51 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
If the following case GT11 and GT 14 are out of service.
The following configuration applies.
HV
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed
HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed

05 2018/19/07 52 of 233
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed

MV
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
Excitation CB 11,14 01BBA10/20GH070 Open
Excitation CB 12,13 01BBA10/20GH080 Closed

LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 53 of 233


14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
If the following case GTs 11 and GT 13 are out of service, thus like configuration 5.1 with the
exception that GTs 11 and 13 are stopped with their GCB and GDS open.

05 2018/19/07 54 of 233
HV
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT10/20 Energized
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed
MV
GDS 11,13 11//13BAC10GS200 Open
GDS 12,14,18 12/14BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14/18BAC10GS100 Open
Excitation transformer 11,13 11/12/13/14MKC10 De-energized
Excitation transformer 12,14 11/12/13/14MKC10 Energized
HSTS ST/GT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20/40GH000 Open
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open

05 2018/19/07 55 of 233

Starting manual DS 12,14 BAC10GS101 Closed
Starting manual DS 11,13 BAC10GS101 Open

05 2018/19/07 56 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.6 One LCI or LCI transformer out of service
Alternatively, to the above table status, the following table reflects the case where one LCI
transformer or LCI is out of service.
The LCI transformer is de-energized and LCI fed from the other group of GTs.
HV
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 K330/50 Closed

05 2018/19/07 57 of 233
MV
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open
Excitation transformer 11/12/13/14 MKC10 Energized
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open
Starting DS 11/12/13/14 BAC10GS201 Open
Starting manual DS 11/12/13/14 BAC10GS101 Closed
LCI bus link 01BPT00GT100 Closed

05 2018/19/07 58 of 233

As an example, below is the equivalent single line diagram for the LCI group 11/12 out of
operation.
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.1.7 Ready to start from diesel operation
Alternatively, there is a situation where the plant was using the BSDG to supply the auxiliaries
(because there was no HV grid) and all the turbines were stopped, and at some point in time
the HV grid is restored. In this case, in order the plant is ready to start, there must be a process
to enable the grid taking the loads of the BSDG (by a synchronization process on the UAT CB)
and after that the BSDG can be disconnected.
The process to become ready to start when using BSDG is described below. This process is done
manually, since the HSTSs must be restored to their original state by the operator.

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The process is as follow, the auxiliary loads of the plant are supplied by the BSDG system, at
some point in time the HV grid is restored, after closing the HV CBs, energizing all the GSUTs,
and UATs, then one UAT CB is used to synchronize the diesel system (diesel generators versus
MV grid), after that the respective diesel generators can be disconnected from the corresponding
GT auxiliary bus-bars by means of opening the diesel link. Finally, the HSTS of GTs is set to
recover is initial state. Similar process applies for the steam turbine busbars. Following table show
the details of the process. After this process the BSDG is stopped and the auxiliaries of the plant
are fed by the grid. During this process, the earthing resistor of the BSDG is connected until the
CB of the UAT is closed.
Description GT nr. KKS code Pre Post
HV DS 11,12 K814/16/34/36 Closed Closed

HV DS 13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed Closed
HV CB 11,12 K810/30 Open Closed
HV CB 13,14 K630/50 Open Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 Open Closed
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT10/20 De-energized Energ.
GSUT 18 01BAT40 De-energized Energ
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/20/30/40 De-energized Energ.
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed Closed

GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open Open
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Open Closed(*)
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH010 Open(**) Closed
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA30GH010 Open Closed(*)
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA40GH010 Open(**) Closed

Excitation CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH070/80 Closed Closed
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 MKC10 Energized Energized
HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Closed Open

HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Closed Open

05 2018/19/07 60 of 233
Starting DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS201 Open Open

Starting manual DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS101 Closed Closed
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open Open
De-
energized
LCI output DS 11,12,13,14 01BPT10/20GT100 Open Open
De-
energized
LCI bus link 01BPT00GT100 Open Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10GH020 Closed Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA20GH020 Open Open
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20GH030/040 Closed Closed
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA10GH030/040 Open Open
BSDG NER 10BDA11GS001/2/4/5 Closed Open
BDSG 10BM_30/40 10BDA20GH020/10 Running Stopped
(**) This CB is closed by the HSTS when manually ordering to open the link and come back to original state.
Below is the equivalent SLD diagram.

05 2018/19/07 61 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 62 of 233
Following figure shows the steps regarding the HSTS operation when changing from diesel
generators to grid energization of the MV bus-bars. All CB closings are supervised by the synchro
check function of the respective CBs. Starting in step 1, where the diesel gensets are asked to
start the synchronization process with one of the UAT CB (in this case the 01BBA30GH010), the
operator, at the same time, will command a manual transfer in the HSTS, that will be carried out
as soon as the voltages across this CB are inside the closing window (the transfer command is
stored in the queue during a period defined in the settings). This operation can be done as well
sending the closing command directly to the CB 01BBA30GH010, in this case after the closing
of this CB, the operator should open the 01BBA30GH020.
Step 1 Step 2
B.B. Energized from Grid
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT40 01BBT30
01BBA40GH000 01BBA40GH000
01BBA40 01BBA30 01BBA40 01BBA30
B.B. Energized from BSDG
Step 3 Step 4
B.B. Energized from Grid B.B. Energized from Grid
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT40 01BBT30

M
res anu
tor al
ati
01BBA40GH010 on 01BBA30GH010 01BBA40GH010 01BBA30GH010
01BBA40GH000 01BBA40GH000
01BBA40 01BBA30 01BBA40 01BBA30
Once the process has finished, and the plant is energized by the grid, the operator should let
the links connection between busbars as recommended in the previous sections.

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Note as well, that this process can be done by shutting down directly the diesel generators
(without synchronization process), letting the UPSs to fed the critical loads meanwhile the plant
operator operates the CBs to energize the main busbars by the grid.
When the plant is fed by the grid again, the connection of the disconnected feeders/loads has
to be done by the operator to achieve the original ready to start condition.
5.2 Normal Start-up
This operation mode begins when the ready to start mode is finished and ends with the prior to
grid synchronization condition (ready to synchronize mode). The operator can also decide to
stop the normal start-up process and send the machine to a stop condition.
The normal start-up mode is activated by the plant operator and could be executed manually,
or automatically. It involves the following sequence of operations of the GT and its maneuvering
equipment.
• GCB is selected for synchronizing and if the 380 KV grid is lost during the process, the
generated “NOT ON GRID SIGNAL“ (see section 13) will be considered as a failure to start-
up.
• The LCI transformer and bridge gets energized giving power for motor roll of to the
starting GT.
• The generator excitation starts operating.
• The LCI starts operating accelerating the GT through purge sequence and the ignition to
the self-sustained speed and near synchronous speed.
• The LCI is disconnected from the starting GT and becomes available for starting another
GT after the cooling time.
After the normal start-up the GT will be ready to be synchronized with the grid and start load
operation.
The plant equipment must be in the ready to start situation, meaning:
• HV CB and DS have energized the generator step up (BATxx) and GSUT (BBTxx)
transformers.
• Auxiliary service bus-bars are energized from HV (this happens when no main components
are in out of service). If this is not the case operator should ensure correct operation.
• No alarms

05 2018/19/07 64 of 233
The sequence of events is detailed in the following table.
Sq Description GT nr. KKS code Pre Post
1 LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open Closed

2 LCI transformer 11,12,13,14 01BPT10/20 De-ener Energized
3 Starting DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS201 Open Closed
4 LCI output DS 11,12,13,14 01BPT10/20GT100 Open Closed
5 LCI output 11,12,13,14 De-ener. Energized
6 LCI operation 11,12,13,14 Stopped Gatting
The LCI starts the machine as synchronous motor speeding up the machine until it reaches a
speed of self-sustained internal combustion operation. After the start-up process the GT
becomes ready to synchronize.
Alternatively, if only one of the UATs is in out of service, the one from the other group can be
used for start-up by closing the bus coupler.
5.2.1.1 UAT 01BBT10 or UAT 01BBT20 out of service

5 LCI output 11,12,13,14 De-ener. Energized

05 2018/19/07 65 of 233
Alternatively, if two UATs (from different groups) are in out of service, the others two should be
used. Similar manoeuvres as before are to be done, since auxiliary buses are already properly
energized.
Alternatively, if one of the GSUTs is in out of service, the associated group of GTs will not be
started.

3 Starting DS 13,14 BAC10GS201 Open Closed
4 LCI output DS 13,14 01BPT20GT100 Open Closed
5 LCI output 13,14 De-ener. Energized
6 LCI operation 13,14 Stopped Gatting

3 Starting DS 11,12 BAC10GS201 Open Closed
4 LCI output DS 11,12 01BPT10GT100 Open Closed
5 LCI output 11,12 De-ener. Energized
6 LCI operation 11,12 Stopped Gatting

05 2018/19/07 66 of 233
5.2.4.1 GT11 or GT13 out of service
If one of the following GTs is out of service (GT11 or GT 13) the main difference with the normal
situation is that the affected GT has its GDS and GCB open, thus they are not started.
If GT12 is out of service the main difference with the normal situation is that the GT12 has its
GDS and GCB open and the diesel bridge connected to have the plant ready for HL scenario (see
5.1.4.3).

4 Starting DS 11,13,14 BAC10GS201 Open Closed
5 LCI output 11,13,14 De-ener. Energized
6 LCI operation 11,13,14 Stopped Gatting
GDS and GCB open and the two diesel bridges connected to have the plant ready for HL scenario
(see 5.1.4.4).

4 Starting DS 11,12,13 BAC10GS201 Open Closed
5 LCI output 11,12,13 De-ener. Energized
6 LCI operation 11,12,13 Stopped Gatting

05 2018/19/07 67 of 233
For the case that two GTs are out of service similar manoeuvres as before.
5.2.6 One LCI or LCI transformer out of service
Alternatively, if one of the LCIs is in service, the LCI from the “other group of GTs” can be used
during start-up. Each LCI can only start one GT.

Energized only the
5 LCI output 11,12,13,14 De-ener.
one in service
6 LCI bus link 11,12,13,14 01BPT00GT100 Open Closed
The starting machine will move to the “ready to synchronize” mode when the operation of the
GT achieves predefined parameters of speed and voltage terminals.
5.3 Ready to synchronize
Normally the ready to synchronize condition is achieved when the normal start-up process is
finished. In addition, the machine can reach the ready to synchronize condition from an FSNL
condition after a grid restoration, meaning that the 380 KV grid is present. The mode is finished
after the connection of the selected synchronized breaker, when the machine is grid connected.
Mainly, it can be said that the difference with the ready to start mode is that the generators are
rotating at nominal speed and waiting to be connected to the grid.
In this mode, the machine is in a self-sustained operation from combustion and the exciter is
regulating the voltage at the generator terminals but still not connected to the grid, thus the LCI

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is disconnected and the GCB open. Normally, the generator will do the sequence, from start-up
to grid connection in a row, unless is in inhibited connection.
The status is defined in the following table:
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 18 K310/30 Closed
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/20/30/40 Energized

LCI bus link 11,12,13,14 01BPT00GT100 Open
Starting manual DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS101 Closed

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5.3.1 One GT UAT is out of service
The auxiliary services could be fed from the UAT of the other group and the aux serv. bus link
must be closed.
5.3.1.1 GT UAT 01BBT10 is out of service
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT20/30/40 Energized

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5.3.1.2 GT UAT 01BBT20 is out of service
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/30/40 Energized

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The auxiliary services could be fed from the other UATs and the aux serv. bus link must be closed.
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

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HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed

HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open
HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Closed

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HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open

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HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open

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HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed

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GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open

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If GT11 is out of service the main difference with the normal situation will be that the affected
GT has its GDS and GCB open, thus it is not started.
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GCB 12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open
GCB 11 BAC10GS100 Open

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Starting manual DS 12,13,14 BAC10GS101 Closed
Starting manual DS 11 BAC10GS101 Open
If GT13 is out of service the main difference with the normal situation will be that the affected
GT has its GDS and GCB open, thus it is not started.
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed

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GCB 11,12, 14 BAC10GS100 Open
GCB 13 BAC10GS100 Open

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GDS and GCB open and the diesel bridge connected to have the plant ready for HL scenario (see
5.1.4.3).
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open

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GDS and GCB open and the two diesel bridges connected to have the plant ready for HL scenario
(see 5.3.3.4).
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed

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GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30/40 Energized

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If GT12 and GT14 are out of service the main difference with the normal situation is that the
GT12 and GT14 have its GDS and GCB open and the diesel bridge is connected to have the
plant ready for HL scenario.
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
GCB 12,14 BAC10GS100 Open
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30GH010 Closed

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If GT11 and GT14 are out of service the status is defined in the following table:
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed

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Excitation CB 12,13 01BBA10/20GH080 Closed
Excitation CB 11,14 01BBA10/20GH070 Open
If GT11 and GT14 are out of service the status is defined in the following table:
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 K634/36/54/56 Closed

HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 K630/50 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed

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Excitation CB 12,14 01BBA10/20GH080/070 Closed
Excitation CB 11,13 01BBA10/20GH080/070 Open

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5.3.5 One GSUT is out of service
The GTs associated to the GSUT out of service are not connected neither started.
Aux services bus energized through the UAT of the “other group of GTs”, diesel bridge is used,
HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 Open

HV DS 11,12,13,14 K634/36/54/56 Closed
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 Open
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K630/50 Closed
GSUT 13,14,18 01BAT20/40 Energized
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open

UAT 13,14,18 01BBT20/30/40 Energized

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UAT 11,12 01BBT10 De-energized

Excitation transformer 11,12 MKC10 De-Energized
Aux GT services bus energized through the UAT of the “other group of GTs”, diesel bridge is
used, and the GT transfer switch is closed.

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HV DS 11,12,13,14 K814/16/34/36 Closed

HV DS 11,12,13,14 K634/36/54/56 Open
HV DS 18 K314/16/34/36/54/56 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30 Closed
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K630/50 Open
GSUT 11,12,18 01BAT10/40 Energized
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open

UAT 13,14 01BBT10 Energized
UAT 11,12 01BBT20 De-energized


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5.3.6 Preferred synchronization points
Although the 14, 13 and 12 GTs have the possibility of being synchronized both at the MV or
HV level, according to the operation mode, one of the two options is the preferred over the
other (see section 12 for more details). This is detailed in the following table:
Previous mode GT nr. Synchronization
Normal Start-up 11,12,13,14 GCB (MV)

FSNL 11,12,13,14 GCB (MV)
House load 12,13,14 HV
For the HV synchronization process see 12.3.2.
5.4 Load Operation
In this mode, which is started after the synchronization period is finished and the generator is
connected to the grid, the turbine generator is running, generating power to the grid and
supplying power to auxiliary services of the plant. In this mode, the generator circuit breaker is

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in closed position, the unit transformer is energized and the circuit breaker in substation is in
closed position as well. Auxiliary services are energized and electrical loads are connected
according to process requirements.
To this mode the machine comes after being synchronized to an electrical grid, in MV or in HV.
In this operational mode, the GT delivers power to a load, this being part of a bigger electrical
grid. The only difference with the ready to synchronize condition comes from the closing of the
main CB, being the situation of the other elements associated to the machine the same.
Description GT nr. KKS code Post-Status Pre-mode Post-mode
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Closed Ready to Sync Load
For the case, the generator is in house load, the actuated CB is the HV.
Description GT nr. KKS code Post-Status Pre-mode Post-mode
HV CB 12,13,14 K810/30 or K630/50 Closed Ready to Sync Load
In any case,
• All auxiliary services are energized.

• The machine operation variables are controlled from the GT controller.
In case of a sudden grid loss the pre-selected GTs will go to house load and the other GTs will
go to FNSL. In addition, the operator can stop the machine by activating normal shut-down. ST
will go to bypassing and generator trip.
5.5 Full speed no load operation (FSNL)
To this mode the machine comes from the load condition upon a grid loss, when the machine
is not keeping the house load but it is kept in FSNL condition. From the FSNL mode the unit can
move to load operation when the operator decides to synchronize it to a restored grid. It can
also move to house load in case the unit assumes the BSDG plant loads during a black start
process.
From the FSNL mode the unit can be normally shut-down or go to black safe coast down in case
a fault.

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Like in the ready to synchronize mode, the machine rotates at near full-speed given a self-
sustained operation of the GT with the speed regulated by the governor.
The defining states for the FSNL mode are:
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed

GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
GSUT 11,12,13,14,18 01BAT10/30/40 Energized (*)
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/20/30/40 Energized (*)
(*) this will depend upon which machine is in house load mode during this islanding condition.
The UAT transformer and auxiliary services could be energized from the HV side through the
GSUT in case the grid is available or from a machine operating in house load mode.
5.6 House load operation (HL)
The machine could come to the house load mode from the load operation in case of a grid loss
or it also comes to this mode after a black-start.
The main conditions to keep the GTs in HL mode when losing the HV grids are that no alarm is
presented, the main loads remain connected, and that the generator/turbine minimum load level
is reached (3 MW), otherwise the GT will trip. The HL cases shown in this document are
supposing those conditions, and in addition, the loading of the MV bus-bars is supposed to be
shared equally.
In the house load operation, the GT generator is disconnected from the HV grid and feeds all
the needed facility loads connected to the MV system of the plant. In this mode, the generator
circuit breaker is in closed position, the unit transformer is energized and the circuit breakers in

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the substation are in open position, the auxiliary transformer is energized and the incoming
circuit breaker to MV bus-bar is closed. Auxiliary services are energized and electrical loads are
connected according to process requirements. TAP changers of the affected GSUTs are set to
manual and the one from the UATs can be kept as in automatic mode.
The house load condition is triggered by a signal appearing when the plant cannot be
synchronized to the HV network. This situation could be produced because of grid loss during
normal operation or during black start. The detection of the condition is backed by the NOT ON
GRID signal, see section 13. This signal is generated using the position of the HV CB signals
coming from the HV substation. Upon receiving this signal, and by using the user pre-selection
that allows the machine to go into House load mode or not, the machine will enter in this mode,
otherwise it will go to FSNL. The transition performance from loss of grid synchronization to
house load mode strictly follows the conditions, and is restricted, by the transient grid voltage
and frequency study for the WAS project [3]. It is also important to mention that the
configuration of the plant after losing the main grid will depend upon the local controller and
settings of the HSTSs, the expected post-fault configurations are shown in this section.
The plant will be highly stressed when being in normal operation and losses the main grid. In
section 5, there are some suggestions of the pre-fault plant configurations that are needed to
increase the chances of surviving this scenario when having one or two more main elements in
maintenance. These plant configurations must be done manually by the operator according to
which element is taken out of operation.
From the house load mode, the GT unit can be reconnected and move to load mode by
synchronizing closing of the HV CB; and after that the reconfiguration of the HSTSs to the
original state must be done manually.
From HL mode the machine can also be shut down by the plant operator, being needed in this
case the BSDG to feed the loads.
The specific characteristics for the transition to house load mode, like required/relevant times
(some of them can be seen in [4] and [3]) load ratings profiles and machine evolution are not
the object of the present document; and therefore are not detailed here.
Following table shows the status during HL of the HV CB and NOT ON GRID signal.
HV CB 11, 12 K810/830 Open

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HV CB 13, 14 K630/650 Open

NOT ON GRID (11,12) High
Not all machines can work in house load mode because of the plant circuit and the allowable
operability given by contract. The situation of each machine for house load operation is:
• Unit 11 cannot operate in house-load because given the circuit topology; it cannot feed
the UAT unless the power goes through two secondary windings of the unit transformer,
that is prevented from contract. Therefore, when not synchronized to a grid, unit 11 can
only operate either stooped or in FSNL.
• Unit 12 can operate in house load mode feeding the UAT 01BBT10 and the aux services
bus 01BBA10/20 through CB 01BBA10GH010 and HSTS GT coupling.
bus 01BBA10/20 through CB 01BBA20GH010 and HSTS GT coupling.
bus 01BBA30/40 through CB 01BBA30GH010 and HSTS ST coupling.
• Also, it is possible to use the BSDG bus and interconnections when unit 14 or 13 or 12 is
in out of service. What it is shown in this document is a suggestion of the interconnection
paths to be used (there are other possible permutations, valid as well and not shown in
this document).
During house load operation due to grid loss, the preferred situation, under normal scenario,
would be to keep unit 12 and 14 GTs simultaneously in HL, and the 13 and 11 GTs in FSNL.
The loads can be fed from one or two GTs. During house load condition, the machine
governor controls the output power/speed.
During house load operation, the ST auxiliary services buses (01BBA30/40) must remain operative
to support the ST services. In this condition, the GT 14 can supply power to the aux bus-bars of
the steam turbine. Alternatively, when one of the main plant components is in out of service,
the ST auxiliary service bus could be fed from the GT auxiliary service bus from the
interconnection cables between the ST electrical building and the GT electrical building as
described in detail in following sections.

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In the case, that both GT units, 12 and 14, are kept in house load, the aux service bus should be
fed from each unit, like described in the following section.
5.6.1 Normal HL
This is the standard situation for combined cycle operation, and it will happen when there are
no main components out of service, and where unit 12 and 14 GTs are able to enter in house
load mode.
Following table shows the case where Unit 12 and 14 goes to HL, prior to that all of generators
are operating.
Units 12 & 14 GTs in house load mode
Description T nr. KKS code Pre Post

K810/830, K630/650,
HV CB 11,12,13,14,18 Closed Open
K330/310
GCB 11,13 11/13BAC10GS100 Closed Open
GDS 11,13 11/13BAC10GS200 Closed Closed
GCB 18 18BAC10GS100 Closed Open
GDS 18 18BAC10GS200 Closed Closed
GCB 12,14 12/14BAC10GS100 Closed Closed
HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Open Closed
HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Open Closed
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Closed Closed
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH010 Closed Open
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA30GH010 Closed Closed
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA40GH010 Closed Open
Aux GT services bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20 Energized Energized
Aux ST services bus 18 01BBA30/40 Energized Energized
BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 Off Off
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10GH020 Closed Closed

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Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20GH030 Closed Closed
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA20GH040 Open Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA40GH020 Closed Closed
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA30GH020 Open Open
MV boards BSDG 10BDA10/20 Energized Energized
Warning: In this condition machines 12 and 14 are operating out of synchronism between them.
See below the equivalent SLD.

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14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

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5.6.2.1 Unit 11 out of service
Following table shows the case where Unit 12 and 14 goes to HL, prior to that, 12, 13 and 14
generators are operating.

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
GDS 11 11BAC10GS200 Open Open
GDS 12,13,14 12/13/14BAC10GS200 Closed Closed
GCB 11 11BAC10GS100 Open Open
GSUT 11,12,13,14,18 01BAT10/20/40 Energiz. Energiz.
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/20/30/40 Energiz. Energiz.

05 2018/19/07 99 of 233


05 2018/19/07 100 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Out of
Normal Normal Normal Normal
operation
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10
M 01BBA40GH000 M M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M

11BAC10GS200
01BBA40 01BBA30 14BAC10GS200 13BAC10GS200 01BBA20 01BBA10
18BAC10GS200
GH020 GH020 GH070 GH080 GH090 GH020 GH020 GH090 GH080 GH070 12BAC10GS100 11BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT10
( ) (^) 01BPT20
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
13BAC10GS101 M 01BPT00GT100 12BAC10GS101
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Out of
Trip HL FSNL HL
operation
Energized
Out of operation

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Following table shows the case where Unit 12 and 14 goes to HL, prior to that, 11, 12 and 14

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT10/20 Energiz. Energiz.
GSUT 18 01BAT40 Energiz. De-energi.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30 Energiz. Energiz.
UAT 18 01BBT40 Energiz. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 102 of 233


05 2018/19/07 103 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Out of
Normal Normal Normal Normal
operation
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10
M 01BBA40GH000 M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M 11BAC10GS200

01BBA40 01BBA30 14BAC10GS200 13BAC10GS200 M 01BBA20 01BBA10
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT10
( ) (^) 01BPT20
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Out of
Trip HL HL FSNL
operation
Energized
Out of operation

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If unit 12 is out of service, only GT13 will be set in HL. The following table will apply.
Unit 13 GT in house load mode

HV CB 11,12,13,14,18 K810/830,K630/650,K330/310 Closed Open
GCB 13 13BAC10GS100 Closed Closed
Aux GT services bus
11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Closed Open
CB
Aux GT services bus
11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH010 Closed Closed
CB
Aux ST services bus
18 01BBA30GH010 Open Open
CB
Aux ST services bus
18 01BBA40GH010 Closed Open
CB

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Aux GT bus from
10BDA20GH030/040 Closed Closed
BSDG
Aux GT bus from
10BDA10GH030/040 Open Open
BSDG
De- De-
MV boards BSDG 10BDA10
energized energized
MV boards BSDG 10BDA20 Energized Energized

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14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

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If unit 14 is out of service, GT13 and GT12 will be set in HL. The following table will apply.
Unit 12 & 13 GTs in house load mode

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Open Open
HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Open Open
Aux ST services bus CB 18 01BBA30GH010 Open Open

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14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

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5.6.3.1 Unit 12 and 14 out of service
Unit 13 will go to house load. The following table will apply.

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
GDS 12,14 12/14BAC10GS200 Open Open

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De- De-
energized energized

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14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

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Unit 13 will go to house load. The following table will apply.

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
GSUT 13,14 01BAT20 Energiz. Energiz.
GSUT 11,12,18 01BAT10/40 Energiz. De-energi.
UAT 12,13,14 01BBT20/30 Energiz. Energiz.
UAT 11,18 01BBT10/40 Energiz. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 114 of 233


05 2018/19/07 115 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 116 of 233
Unit 12 and 14 will go to house load. The following table will apply.

11,12,13,14,1 K810/830,
HV CB Closed Open
8 K630/650, K330/310

05 2018/19/07 117 of 233


05 2018/19/07 118 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

M 01BBA40GH000 M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 11BAC10GS200
M
01BBA40 01BBA30 01BBA20 01BBA10 M
18BAC10GS200 14BAC10GS200 13BAC10GS200
GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Out of Out of
Normal Normal Normal
operation operation
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10
M 01BBA40GH000 M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 11BAC10GS200

M M
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT10
( ) (^) 01BPT20
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Out of Out of
Trip HL HL
operation operation
Energized
Out of operation

05 2018/19/07 119 of 233
5.6.4.1 HL with UAT 01BBT10 out of service
In this case where 01BBT10 UAT is in out of service, unit 13 GT should enter in house load mode.
Following table shows the case where Unit 13 goes to HL with UAT10 out of service, prior to
that all of generators are operating.
13 GT HL with UAT 01BBT10 out of service

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
GCB 11,12,14 11/12/14BAC10GS100 Closed Open
HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Closed Closed
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20/30 Energiz. Energiz.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10 De-energi. De-energi.
Aux GT services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Open Open

05 2018/19/07 120 of 233
13 GT HL with UAT 01BBT10 out of service

De- De-
energized energized

05 2018/19/07 121 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 122 of 233
In this case where 01BBT20 UAT is in out of service, unit 12 and 14 GTs should enter in house
load mode.
Following table shows the case where Unit 12 and 14 goes to HL with UAT20 out of service,
prior to that all of generators are operating.
12 and 14 GTs HL with UAT 01BBT20 out of service

11,12,13,14,1 K810/830, K630/650,
HV CB Closed Open
8 K330/310
De-
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20 De-energi.
energi.

05 2018/19/07 123 of 233
12 and 14 GTs HL with UAT 01BBT20 out of service


05 2018/19/07 124 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT10
( ) (^) 01BPT20
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Trip HL FSNL HL FSNL
Energized
Out of operation

05 2018/19/07 125 of 233
In this case where 01BBT30 UAT is in out of service, unit 12 and 13 GTs should enter in house
load mode.
Following table shows the case where Unit 12 and 13 goes to HL mode, prior to that all of
12 & 13 GTs HL with UAT 01BBT30 out of service
K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310

Aux GT services bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10 Energized Energized
Aux ST services bus 18 01BBA30 Energized Energized
Aux ST services bus 18 01BBA40 Energized Energized
Aux GT services bus
11,12 01BBA10GH010 Closed Closed
CB

05 2018/19/07 126 of 233
12 & 13 GTs HL with UAT 01BBT30 out of service
Aux GT services bus

13,14 01BBA20GH010 Closed Closed
CB
Aux GT services bus
CB
Aux GT services bus
CB
Aux GT bus from
BSDG
Aux GT bus from
BSDG

05 2018/19/07 127 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 128 of 233
This is the case where unit 12 and 14 GTs can enter in house load mode and 01BBT40 UAT is
out of service.
Following table shows the case where Unit 12 and 14 goes to HL, prior to that all of generators
are operating.
12 & 14 GT HL with UAT 01BBT40 out of service
K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Closed Closed
UAT 18 01BBT40 De-energi. De-energi.
Aux GT services bus CB 18 01BBA30GH010 Closed Closed
Aux GT services bus CB 18 01BBA40GH010 Open Open

05 2018/19/07 129 of 233
12 & 14 GT HL with UAT 01BBT40 out of service


05 2018/19/07 130 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 131 of 233
5.6.5.1 HL with UAT01BBT20 and UAT01BBT40 out of service
In this case where 01BBT20 and 01BBT40 are in out of service, unit 12 and 14GTs should enter
in house load mode.
Following table shows the case, prior to that all of generators are operating.
12 & 14 GT in HL with UAT 01BBT20 and 01BBT40 in out of service
K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310

UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT20/40 De-energi. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 132 of 233
12 & 14 GT in HL with UAT 01BBT20 and 01BBT40 in out of service


05 2018/19/07 133 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 134 of 233
In this case where 01BBT10 and 01BBT40 are in out of service, unit 13 GT should enter in house
load mode.
13 GT in HL with UAT 01BBT10 and 01BBT40 in out of service
K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310

UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/40 De-energi. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 135 of 233

MV boards BSDG 10BDA20 De-energized De-energized

05 2018/19/07 136 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 137 of 233
load mode.
K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310

UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/40 Energiz. Energiz.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20/30 De-energi. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 138 of 233

De-
energized

05 2018/19/07 139 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10
M 01BBA40GH000 M M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M

M 11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT10
( ) (^) 01BPT20
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Trip FSNL FSNL HL FSNL
Energized
Out of operation

05 2018/19/07 140 of 233
load mode.

K810/830, K630/650,
K330/310
GDS 12, 14 12/14BAC10GS200 Closed Closed
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20 Energiz. Energiz.
UAT 18 01BBT40 Energi. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 141 of 233

De-
energized

05 2018/19/07 142 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 143 of 233
5.6.6.1 HL with GSUT 01BAT10 out of service
In this case where 01BAT10 is out of service, unit 13 GT should enter in house load mode.
Following table shows the case where Unit 13 goes to HL with GSUT 01BA10 in out of service,
prior to that all of generators are operating.
13 GT HL with GSUT 01BAT10 out of service

HV CB 11,12 K810/830 Open Open
HV CB 13,14,18 K630/650, K330/310 Closed Open
GCB 11,12 11/12BAC10GS100 Open Open
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT20 Energiz. Energiz.
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT10 De-energiz. De-energi.

05 2018/19/07 144 of 233

De-
energized

05 2018/19/07 145 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 146 of 233
5.6.6.2 HL with GSUT 01BAT20 out of service
In this case where 01BAT20 is out of service, unit 12 GT should enter in house load mode and
unit 13 and 14 are stopped and their GCB and GDS open.
HV CB 13,14 K630/650 Open Open

HV CB 11,12,18 K810/830, K330/310 Closed Open
GCB 14,13 14/13BAC10GS100 Open Open
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT20 Energiz. Energiz.
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT20 De-energiz. De-energi.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10 Energiz. Energiz.

05 2018/19/07 147 of 233
Aux GT services bus CB 18 01BBA40GH010 Closed Open

MV boards BSDG 10BDA10 De-energized De-energized

05 2018/19/07 148 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 149 of 233
5.6.7 Partial House load operation during combined cycle
This is the case where only one group (14&13 or 12&11) of GTs is affected by the loss of HV
grid (this cannot be considered as house load plant operation). One of the affected machines
will enter in HL and will follow similar logic as explained before. However, the plant configuration
may be different and the specific characteristics of these cases are shown in the tables below.
5.6.7.1 HL group 12 and 11 GTs
In this case, due to minimum load constraints, none GT will be kept in HL, instead they will be
set in FSNL.
HV CB 11,12 K810/830 Open

NOT ON GRID (13,14) Low
• HSTS GT (01BBA20GH000) will fed the aux services bus 01BBA10 and CB 01BBA10GH010
will open.
• Unit 11 and 12 are set in FSNL and opening its corresponding GCB.
5.6.7.2 HL group 13 and 14 GTs

HV CB 13,14 K630/650 Open
• Unit 14 will operate in house load mode feeding the UAT 01BBT30, and the aux. services
bus 01BBA20 is fed through the HSTS GT.
• Unit 13 is set in FSNL and opening its GCB.
• HSTS ST will not be used, unless unit 14 or UAT 01BBT30 are in out of service.

05 2018/19/07 150 of 233
• HSTS GT should be closed, triggered by the HSTS switching logic.
5.6.8 Open cycle House Load operation
This is the case where the plant is operated in open cycle, meaning the ST is disconnected.
In this case, the auxiliary loads of the ST are disconnected, thus during HL operation only one
GT can remain connected (12 or 13 GT) due to minimum load condition, and for the same
reason, and in addition, only 1GT can be out of operation. Diesel cable links are connected to
feed the ST MV bus-bars (control and protection type loads).
There are several options to let the plant ready for the house load operation, below it is shown
the case where the 12 GT take the loads of the GT and ST (mainly the control systems by means
of the diesel link) connected to the main MV bus-bars.
12 GT HL in open cycle
K810/830,
K630/650, K330/310
GDS 18 18BAC10GS200 Closed/Open Closed/Open

05 2018/19/07 151 of 233


05 2018/19/07 152 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 153 of 233
Below it is shown the case where the 13 GT take the loads of the GT and ST (mainly the control
systems by means of the diesel link) connected to the main bus-bars.
K810/830,
K630/650, K330/310
GDS 18 18BAC10GS200 Closed/Open Closed/Open

05 2018/19/07 154 of 233


05 2018/19/07 155 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 156 of 233
5.6.9 Partial House load operation during open cycle
This is the case where only one group (14&13 or 12&11) of GTs is affected by the loss of HV
grid. Due to minimum load, none affected GTs will remain connected.
5.6.9.1 Affected group: 12 and 11 GTs in open cycle
HV CB 11,12 K810/830 Open

• Unit 13 will feed the aux GT services bus 01BBA10 through HSTS GT 01BBA20GH000 and
opening of CB 01BBA10GH010.
• Unit 11 and 12 are disconnected and open its GCB.
• ST MV bus-bars (01BBA40/30) are preconfigured to feed the diesel link connecting them
to the GT bus-bars (01BBA20/10).
5.6.9.2 Affected group: 13 and 14 GTs in open cycle

HV CB 13,14 K630/650 Open
• Unit 12 will feed the aux services bus 01BBA20 through HSTS GT 01BBA20GH000 and
opening of CB 01BBA20GH010.
• Unit 13 and 14 are disconnected and open its GCB.
• ST MV bus-bars (01BBA40/30) are preconfigured to feed the diesel link connecting them
to the GT bus-bars (01BBA20/10).

05 2018/19/07 157 of 233
5.7 Normal shut-down
The GT will go into shut-down mode after an action of the operator that decides to stop a
machine in load operation, during the start-up process or during FSNL mode.
When the shut-down is started the GT will go to minimum load condition, following a pre-
selected unloading gradient. The load will drop until the reverse load protection of the electric
generator disconnects the machine by opening the GCB.
During the normal shutdown, the auxiliary bus services are fed from the UAT like in the load
operation.
1 GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Closed Open

2 Excitation CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH070/80 Closed Closed
3 Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 MKC10 Energ. Energ.
4 Aux GT services bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20 Energ. Energ.
The configuration of the auxiliary services bus and the associated equipment shall in principle
stay the same after the machine stop.
After the machine is tripped and decelerates it will go to the stop mode described in 5.8.
Moreover, as the machine cools down, the auxiliary services will reduce or stop operation
according to GT operation concept.
5.8 Stop
In this mode, the turbine generator is stopped, the machine is rotating at minimum speed by
low speed turning gear with excitation system disabled. The unit is disconnected from the
network and therefore unsynchronized. In this mode, the generator circuit breaker is in open
position and there are no alarms. Auxiliary services could be energized and electrical loads
connected according to process requirements. Auxiliary loads are normally feed from the grid
through 380 kV transmission line or from other turbine generator unit but alternatively they
might be feed from BSDG when stopping by emergency shutdown or house load transition.
From the stop mode, the machine can be ready to start either with or without grid.

05 2018/19/07 158 of 233
This mode is achieved after a normal shut down, shut down from house load, any type of
emergency shutdown, or when taking the machine out for maintenance and previous to
readying the machine for start-up either with grid or in black start conditions.
The mode minimum characteristics are:
• Machine is disconnected from the power circuit.

• Machine is rotating at minimum speed by low speed turning gear or stopped.
• Excitation system is handled by the Mark*VIe controller.
In particular, the status of the maneuvering elements of each GT when the 380 kV grid is
available is:
Stop status when there is 380kV grid

GCB 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14/18BAC10GS100 Open
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14/18BAC10GS200 Closed
BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 Off
5.8.1 Stop from Shut-down from HL
If the 380kV grid is not available, prior to shut-down the GTs, the BSDG must be started (see
following section). The following applies:

05 2018/19/07 159 of 233
Stop status when there is NO 380kV grid

GCB 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14/18BAC10GS100 Open
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 11/12/13/14/18BAC10GS200 Closed
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30/40 De-energized
Aux services bus 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30/40 Energized by BSDG
BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 On
5.9 Shut-down from house load
While in house load operation mode the GTs could need to be shut down if for any reason it
becomes not possible to synchronize them to the grid at some point. In such case, the machines
are commanded to shut down, those in FSNL and HL.
The critical point to consider for this operation mode is the feeding of the auxiliary services, for
this reason the BSDG system must be used. After the disconnection of the GTs, the plant will be
in a “stand by” state, feeding the BSDG the essential loads.
If there are two machines in house load operation, they will be feeding separate sets of loads.
Moreover, those two electrical systems will be operating asynchronously.
After the GTs disconnection, the BSDGs will be started to assume the supply of the auxiliary
loads. GTs must be disconnected due to the difficulties of the GTs for reducing the load by a
soft ramp when operating close its technical minimum load and in island operation, thus the
GTs will be commanded to be disconnected. After that, there will a period where the plant will
use the UPSs to feed the basic loads, meanwhile the diesel generators are started and connected,
by the automatic sequence, due to lack of voltage in the main medium busbars.
Note that if the 3 “NOT ON GRID” signals are not activated, the shutdown will not require the
use of the BSDG, since the HSTSs should be used to feed the auxiliaries. In this case, also the

05 2018/19/07 160 of 233
house load GT will be stopped, after that the HSTSs will supply the energy to the affected
busbars.
The shut-down from house load mode finalizes when the machine comes to a stop.
5.9.1 One machine house load
In this operation mode only one unit is in house load operation, the rest of GTs are in FSNL or
stopped, and this GT has assumed all auxiliary loads from the plant. After shutting down this
machine, there will be a short period where the UPSs are used to feed the critical loads, and
finally, the plant auxiliary loads will be transferred to a BSDG that has been started for that
purpose. BSDG can be started in advance to reduce black-out time.
5.9.1.1 GT12 Shut-down from HL mode
Following table shows the case where unit 12 goes to Shut-down from house load:
BSDG 10BM_30/40 Stopped Started

HSTS BSDG 10BDA10GH000 Open Open/Closed
Aux GT bus to
01BBA10GH020 Closed Closed
BSDG
Aux GT bus to
01BBA20GH020 Open Open
BSDG
Aux GT bus to
BSDG
Aux GT bus to
BSDG
Synchronize BSDG 10BDA20GH020/10 Open Closed
NER BSDG 10BDA10/20GH020/10 Open Closed

05 2018/19/07 161 of 233
Energ from Energ. from

Aux serv. bus 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30/40
GT BSDG
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10GH010 Closed Open
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20/30/40GH010 Open Open
Excitation CB 12 01BBA10GH80 Closed Closed
Excitation
12 12MKC10 Energ. Energ.
transformer
UAT 12 01BBT10 Energ. De-ener.
UAT 13,14,18 01BBT20/30/40 De-energ. De-ener.
GT 12 12MKA10 HL Stop
De- De-
energized energized
See below the simplified single line diagram.

05 2018/19/07 162 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop FSNL FSNL HL FSNL
INTRA
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

M 01BBA40GH000 M M 01BBA20GH000 M
12BAC10GS200
M
11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
M M
01BPT20GT100 01BPT10GT100
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20
GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Emergency
Stop Stop Stop Stop
Stop

05 2018/19/07 163 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
5.9.1.2 GT13 Shut-down from HL mode
Following table shows the case where unit 13 goes to Shut-down from house load:

HSTS BSDG 10BDA10GH000 Open Open/Closed
Aux GT bus to
01BBA10GH020 Closed Closed
BSDG
Aux GT bus to
01BBA20GH020 Open Open
BSDG
Aux GT bus to
BSDG

05 2018/19/07 164 of 233
Aux GT bus to
BSDG
Energ. from Energ. from
Aux serv. bus 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30/40
GT BSDG
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20GH010 Closed Open
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/30/40GH010 Open Open
Excitation CB 13 01BBA20GH80 Closed Closed
Excitation
13 13MKC10 Energ. Energ.
transformer
UAT 13 01BBT20 Energ. De-ener.
UAT 11,12,14 01BBT10/30/40 De-energ. De-ener.
De- De-
energized energized

05 2018/19/07 165 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 166 of 233
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

12BAC10GS200
M
11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
M M
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20
GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop
Energized
Out of operation
5.9.2 Two-machine house load
After the shut-down from house-load, there will be transition period where the critical loads are
feed by the UPS systems. After that, it is needed to transfer the auxiliary loads to the BSDG,
which are started automatically.
For this case to feed the auxiliary loads, several BSDG units (expected 2 gensets) will be used. If
desired, HSTS BSDG can be manually closed if more than 2 gensets units are to be started.
5.9.2.1 12-14 GTs shut-down from HL

GCB 11,13,18 11/13/18BAC10GS100 Open Open

05 2018/19/07 167 of 233

HSTS BSDG 10BDA10GH000 Open Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA20GH030 Closed Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA20GH040 Open Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA10GH040 Open Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA10GH030 Closed Closed
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA30GH020 Open Closed
Aux serv. bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20
GT BSDG
Aux serv. bus 18 01BBA30/40
GT BSDG
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/30GH010 Closed Open
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA20/40GH010 Open Open
Excitation CB 11/12/13/14 01BBA10/20GH70/80 Closed Closed
Excitation
11/12/13/14 MKC10 Energ. Energ.
transformer
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30 Energ. De-ener.
UAT 18 01BBT40 De-energ. De-ener.
Synchronize BSDG 10BDA20GH010 Open Closed
Synchronize BSDG 10BDA20GH020 Open Closed
De-
Energized

05 2018/19/07 168 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop HL FSNL HL FSNL
INTRA
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

12BAC10GS200
M
11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
M M
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20
GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Emergency Emergency
Stop Stop Stop
Stop Stop

05 2018/19/07 169 of 233
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

01BBA40GH000 M M
01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M 11BAC10GS200
M
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT20 01BPT10
( ) (^)
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Energized
Out of operation
5.9.2.2 12-13 GTs shut-down from HL

GCB 11,14,18 11/14/18BAC10GS100 Open Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA20GH030/040 Closed Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA10GH030/040 Closed Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA40GH020 Closed Open

05 2018/19/07 170 of 233
Energ. from
Aux serv. bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20 Energ.
BSDG
Energ. from
Aux serv. bus 18 01BBA30/40 Energ.
BSDG
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH010 Closed Open
Aux services bus CB 18 01BBA30/40GH010 Open Open
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14MKC10 Energ Energ.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30 Energ. De-ener.
UAT 18 01BBT40 De-energ. De-ener.
Synchronize BSDG 10BDA10GH010/20 Open Open
BSDG 10BM_10/20 Stopped Stopped
BSDG 10BM_30/40 Stopped Start
MV boards BSDG 10BDA10 Energized De-energized

05 2018/19/07 171 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop FSNL HL HL FSNL
INTRA
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Emergency Emergency
Stop Stop Stop
Stop Stop

05 2018/19/07 172 of 233
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

12BAC10GS200
M
11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
M M
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20
GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Energized
Out of operation
5.10 Ready to black-start
When the HV grid is lost and the machines are stopped, the plant operator may need to execute
a black-start (note that after some time of HL operation the GTs will be stopped) but before
doing that, the GT will take over the energization of the aux. loads by synchronizing with the
BSDG over one of the CBs of the UATs (01BBA20/10GH010)).
The operator executes the actions to achieve the ready to black-start mode. In this way, the
ready to black-start mode will be selected by the operator for a machine that is in the stop mode
and can go to HL and do HV synchronization, preferably 12 or 13 GTs (11 GT has no HV
synchronization capabilities and 14 GT needs the BSDG bus bridge). To start one GT mostly all
power from the 4 BSDG will be needed due to the LCI consumption.
Prior to black start, the BSDG auto-sequence will stop non-essential loads and energize the
busbars/consumers required for start-up. Prior to a black-start, the remaining BSDG groups are
started. The TAP changers of the GSUT and UATs were set in manual mode. In the same way,
the user selected GT must be in a ready to start condition.

05 2018/19/07 173 of 233
The status for ready to black-start with one GT is given by:
GT HV CB 11,12,13,14 K810/30, K630/50 Open

ST HV CB 18 K310/30 Open
GSUT 11,12,13,14,18 01BAT10/20/40 De-energized
GDS 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS200 Closed
GCB 11,12,13,14,18 BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 11,12,13,14,18 01BBT10/20/30/40 De-energized
GT HSTS 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Closed
ST HSTS 18 01BBA40GH000 Closed
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30/40GH010 Open
Aux services bus 11,12,13,14,18 01BBA10/20/30/40 Energized by BSDG
Excitation
11,12,13,14 MKC10 Energized
transformer
LCI CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH090 Open
LCI output bus 11,12,13,14 De-energized
BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 Running
The BSDG operation for black-start:
BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 Running

HSTS BSDG 10BDA10GH000 Closed

05 2018/19/07 174 of 233
BSDG CB 10BDA10/20GH020/10 Closed

Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA20/30GH020 Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10/40GH020 Closed
Aux ST bus to BSDG 10BDA20/10GH040 Open
NER BSDG 10BDA10/20GH020/10 Closed
When the operator decides to initiate the black-start process the selected GT unit will move to
the black-start mode.
5.11 Black-start
The black-start mode will start the plant from the ready to black-start condition triggered by the
order of the grid operator or plant operator. The black-start mode finalizes with the starting GT
in HL mode, like described in 5.6. Due to the minimum plant load, at this situation it is not
possible to start more than one GT.
In this operation sequence, at least 3 BSDG are needed to start the GT (ASL mode), going from
Stop to a FSNL state and then assuming the loads of the BSDG (House load mode). Before that,
the main MV Aux. bus-bars (01BBA10/20/30/40) are fed by the BSDG, and after the transition,
by the started GT. GN mode requires 4 diesel generator units for starting a GT due to Gas
compressor and LCI consumption, when using natural gas.
The plant starts from the emergency situations, where the plant loads are fed, typically, by 2
gensets connected to same bus bar, either 10BDA10 or 10BDA20. Since the 4 gensets are
needed, the diesel busbar HSTS (10BDA10GH000) is closed, and after that the other 2 genset
units are started and synchronized with the already connected gensets.
After that, the GT is started by the LCI, and when the generator is in FSNL, 2 or 1 gensets can
be stopped already. The closing of the GCB must be done upon a manual confirmation, since
the GCB will close over a dead bus (energizing the corresponding GSUT, UAT and HV cable) by
means of a soft energization, after that the operator must confirm the start-up of the
synchronization operation by the diesel generators in the corresponding UAT CB.

05 2018/19/07 175 of 233
In order, the GT can take over the load of the BSDG, there must be a synchronization action
between them, which is done at the UAT CB terminals. The moment the UAT CB is closed and
confirmed in the DCS, this is as well communicated to the genset controllers by reading the
status of the CB in order the gensets can change control to parallel operation, after that the
genstes are to be stopped. During this time, and meanwhile the DCS send the commands and
the BSDG is disconnected, there will be a short period of time where the GT and the BSDG are
working in parallel. The moment the BSDG receive the order to stop, the GT will take over the
loads, and the TAP changer of the UATs can must be set in auto mode. The GSUT TAP changers
are kept in manual mode.
5.11.1 Black-start with GT12
The actions for a black starting, when using GT12, is given in the following table:
Description GT nr. KKS code Pre Intra Post
LCI output DS 11,12,13,14 01BPT10GT100 Open Closed Open

LCI output De-ener. Energized De-ener.
Excitation CB 12 01BBA10GH080 Closed Closed Closed
Excitation
12 12MKC10 Energ. Energized Energ.
transformer
GT 12 12MKA10 Stopped Self-sustained Loaded
LCI operation 11,12,13,14 Stopped Gatting Stopped
Starting DS 12 12BAC10GS201 Open Closed Open
GCB 12 12BAC10GS100 Open Open Closed
GSUT 11,12,13,14 01BAT10 De-ener. De-ener. Energ.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10 De-ener. De-ener. Energ.
Aux GT services bus 11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Open Open Closed (*)
NER BSDG 10BDA10/20GH020/10 Closed Closed Open
Aux GT bus from
10BDA20GH030/40 Closed Closed Closed
BSDG
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA20/40GH020 Open Open Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10/30GH020 Closed Closed Closed
Aux ST bus to BSDG 10BDA10GH040/30 Open Open Open

05 2018/19/07 176 of 233
BSDG HSTS 10BDA10GH000 Closed Closed Open

BSDG CB 10BDA10/20GH010/20 Closed Closed Open
BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 Running Running Stopped
(*) The UAT CB has synchronous closing capacity by using a synchro-check detection relay (25A type). Also, the BSDG has the
capability to be synchronized with the starting GT through the CB of the UATs, thus this CB will be closed after a synchronization
process between GT and BSDG.
The time sequence when changing from the Pre to the Intra state is given in the following table
(only time status changing actuators are included):
Sequence Description GT nr. KKS code Pre Intra
1 LCI output DS 12 01BPT10GT100 Open Closed

2 Starting DS 12 12BAC10GS201 Open Closed
3 LCI operation 12 Stopped Gatting
4 LCI output 12 De-ener. Energized
5 GT 12 12MKA10 Stopped Self-sustained
The time sequence when changing from the Intra to the Post state is given in the following table
Sequence Description GT nr. KKS code Intra Post
6 LCI operation 12 Gatting Stopped

7 LCI output DS 12 01BPT10GT100 Closed Open
8 Starting DS 12 12BAC10GS201 Closed Open
9 LCI output 12 Energized De-ener.
10 GCB 12 12BAC10GS100 Open Closed
11 GSUT 12,11 01BAT10 De-ener. Energ.
12 UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10 De-ener. Energ.
Aux GT services
13 11,12,13,14 01BBA10GH010 Open Closed
bus

05 2018/19/07 177 of 233
14 GT 12 12MKA10 Self-sustained Loaded

15 NER BSDG 10BDA10/20GH020/10 Closed Open
16 BSDG HSTS 10BDA10GH000 Closed Open
17 BSDG CB 10BDA10/20GH010/20 Closed Open
18 BSDG 10BM_10/20/30/40 Running Stopped
See below the simplified steps explaining the process of a black start with GT12 (since the other
black-start cases are conceptually similar the intermediate steps are not shown).
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 178 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 179 of 233
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
18MKC10

05 2018/19/07 180 of 233
Step 5
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

12BAC10GS200 M
11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop Stop Stop HL Stop
Energized
Out of operation
The actions for a black starting, when using 13 GT, is given in the following table:
LCI output DS 11,12,13,14 01BPT20GT100 Open Closed Open

Excitation
13 13MKC10 Energized Energized Energized
transformer
LCI operation 13 Stopped Gatting Stopped
Self-
GT 13 13MKA10 Stopped Loaded
sustained

05 2018/19/07 181 of 233
GSUT 13,14 01BAT20 De-ener. De-ener. Energ.

UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20 De-ener. De-ener. Energ.
Aux GT
11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH010 Open Open Closed (*)
services bus
Aux GT bus
10BDA20GH030/40 Closed Closed Closed
from BSDG
Aux GT bus to
01BBA20/40GH020 Open Open Open
BSDG
Aux GT bus to
01BBA10/30GH020 Closed Closed Closed
BSDG
Aux ST bus to
10BDA10GH040/30 Open Open Open
BSDG
BSDG HSTS 10BDA10GH000 Open Closed Open
(*) The UAT CB has synchronous closing capacity by using a synchro-check detection relay (25A type). Also, the BSDG has the
capability to be synchronized with the starting GT through the CB of the UATs.


05 2018/19/07 182 of 233

11 GSUT 13,14 01BAT20 De-ener. Energ.
12 UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT20 De-ener. Energ.
Aux GT services
bus
14 GT 13 13MKA10 Self-sustained Loaded

05 2018/19/07 183 of 233
PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

M
M
01BBA40GH000 M M 01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M 11BAC10GS200
GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
M
01BPT20GT100 01BPT10GT100 M
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
M
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

01BBA40GH000 M M
01BBA20GH000 M 12BAC10GS200 M 11BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT20 01BPT10
( ) (^)
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop Stop HL Stop Stop
Energized
Out of operation

05 2018/19/07 184 of 233
The actions for a black starting, when using 14 GT, is given in the following table:
11,12,
LCI output DS 01BPT20GT100 Open Closed Open
13,14
Excitation transformer 14 14MKC10 Energized Energized Energized
LCI operation 14 Stopped Gatting Stopped
Self-
GT 14 14MKA10 Stopped Loaded
sustained
GSUT 13,14 01BAT20 De-ener. De-ener. Energ.
ST HSTS 18 01BBA40GH000 Closed Closed Closed
UAT 18 01BBT30 De-ener. De-ener. Energ.
Aux GT services bus 14 01BBA30GH010 Open Open Closed (*)
Aux GT bus from BSDG 10BDA10GH030/40 Open Open Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10/30GH020 Closed Closed Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA20/40GH020 Open Open Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 10BDA20GH030/40 Closed Closed Closed
BSDG HSTS 10BDA10GH000 Open Closed Open
(*) The UAT CB has synchronous closing capacity by using a synchro-check detection relay (25A type). Also the BSDG has the
capability to be synchronized with the starting GT through the CB of the UATs.

05 2018/19/07 185 of 233


11 GSUT 14 01BAT20 De-ener. Energ.
12 UAT 18 01BBT30 De-ener. Energ.
Aux GT
services bus
Self-
14 GT 14 14MKA10 Loaded
sustained

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PRE
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

GH020 GH020 14BAC10GS100 13BAC10GS100
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M M
( ) (^) 01BPT20 01BPT10
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
POST
1A K124 1B
K314 K614 K814
K310 K610 K810
K316 K616 K620 K816
K334 K634 K834
K330 K630 K830
K336 K340 K636 K840 K836
K354 K654 K854
K350 K650 K850
2A K356 K226 K656 K856 2B
01BAT40 01BAT20 01BAT10
01BBT40 01BBT30 01BBT20 01BBT10

18BAC10GS200
18BAC10GS100
14MKC10
13MKC10
12MKC10
11MKC10
M M
( ) (^) M 12BAC10GS201 M 11BAC10GS201
01BPT10
( ) (^) 01BPT20
01BPA20 01BPA10
10BDA10 10BDA10 10BDA20 10BDA20

GH030 GH040 GH030 GH040
18MKC10
10BDA10 10BDA20
10BDA10GH000

10BDA20GH010
10BM_10 10BM_20 10BM_30 10BM_40
Stop HL Stop Stop Stop
Energized
Out of operation

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6 GT Abnormal Operation
As a general rule, abnormal operation modes imply the appearance of emergency type alarms.
The following abnormal operation modes are considered for the GT operation of the WAS plant.
1- Emergency shut-down
2- Black safe coast down
The following tables are orientatives and the final status of the CBs will depend of the fault
severity.
Note: See GT modes and transition matrix in Appendix 3.
6.1 Emergency shut-down
6.1.1 GT Internal fault
The machine comes from either Ready to start, Normal start-up, Ready to synch, Load, FSNL, or
Normal shut-down modes.
For an internal fault (including a generator fault) the GT will go to the emergency shut-down
mode (an internal alarm trips or when an internal fault happens) that will take the machine to
an emergency stop. Once this has completed and after checking the alarms the operator can
decide upon setting the machine into maintenance.
There is not almost sequence order in this case, as the GCB is tripped as fast as possible and the
excitation system will be disabled by the Mark*VIe controller by its associated protections, with
all other electrical elements remaining into service unless they are directly affected by the
emergency and its protection relays.
The position of the CBs will depend upon on the fault type and affected element, see [10].
6.1.2 Electrical fault in the zone between GCB and the 380kV HV CB
This section covers a fault location between GCB and HV CB, basically in the GSUT, cable and
IPB.
In this case the associated GCBs, the HV CBs as well as the UAT CBs will be opened isolating the
fault. Basically, the units in the same group, the unit transformer of the group, as well as the
UAT will get disconnected. In principle, the units in the other group will continue their operation.

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GT aux services bus will be fed from the other UAT healthy group, by operating the HSTS when
the transferred tripping is sent to the corresponding UAT CB. HSTS (01BBA20GH000) will be
activated since the UAT CB will receive a transferred tripping command, which is used to initiate
the transfer between the MV bus-bar (note that upon receiving the initiation transfer signal, the
voltage in the MV busbars may already be depressed by the fault, hence the type of transfer will
depend on the nature of the fault and the level of retained voltage during the fault).
The position of the CBs will depend upon on the fault type and affected element, see [10].
6.1.3 Failure at the MV auxiliary service of the GT generator
In case of a short circuit in the 13.8 kV auxiliary service bus of the GT or its associated circuits,
the auxiliary service bus CB (01BBA20/10GH010) will trip and de-energize the affected bus-bar
01BBA20/10. Under this condition the affected auxiliary services of the GTs will be lost
momentarily, until the ATSs restore the power, and the 2 GT units most likely will go into an
emergency stop.
Description KKS code Status
HV CB K650/30 850/30 Closed

GCB 14/13/12/11BAC10GS100 Tripped
GSUT 01BAT20/10 Energized
Aux GT service bus CB 01BBA20/10GH010 Affected tripped
UAT GT transformer 01BBT10/20 Energized
Excitation CB 01BAA10/20GH070/80 Affected tripped
Excitation transformer 14/13/12/11MKC10 Affected de-energized
In principle, only one of the bus-bars 01BBA20 or 01BBA10 will become de-energized. Loads
connected to the faulty bus-bar will be supplied by the re-connection of the ATSs; meanwhile
this is happening, affected critical loads are fed by means of the UPS system. Note, that the AVR
of the GTs are connected directly to the MV bus-bars.
6.1.4 Failure during GT Start-up
When a failure is produced in the GT when in start-up mode before its circuit breaker is closed,
the auxiliary services transformer can be kept energized.

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In this situation, the machine will shut-down, the LCI will stop operating and the machine will
begin with the deceleration.
For the starting machine, after the alarm has tripped the emergency mode, the status will be:
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Open Open

LCI 11,12,13,14 Running Stopped
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 MKC10 Energized Energized
Starting DS 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS201 Closed Open
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10 Energized Energized
The LCI becomes available for starting another machine (if it is not the source of the failure).
6.2 Black safe coast down
This mode executes the emergency shut-down from either HL, load, shut-down from HL, Ready
to black-start, or black-start. Thus, only applies to GT 12, 13 and 14 when losing the HV grid
connection.
The trip can be originated in the GT itself (GT controller, generator protection, etc.) or in the
plant electrical system (i.e. 01BBA10/20/30GH010, 01BBT10/20, 01BAT10/20).
The BSDG are initially stopped and must start as soon as possible during the shut-down to
support the plant emergency loads because the HV grid is not available. In this way, a major
differentiator of this mode with respect to the normal shut down is the temporary (meanwhile
the BSDG is connected) use of the UPS system due to the lack of grid and BSDG, and finally the
use of BSDG to supply the plant critical loads. BSDGs are switched on automatically when
detecting loss of voltage for certain time (around 10s) in all the main MV bus-bars
(01BBA10/20/30/40). If not all the MV bus-bars loss the voltage, then the HSTSs and BSDG cable
links will be used to energized them. After the shut-down is completed and the alarms are

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cleared the machine/s will move into the stop mode. When the GT is tripped and the BSDG is
on, the TAP changer of the GSUT and the UATs should be set in manual.
Note that if the plant has 2 GTs in house load mode, and only one is affected by a black safe
coast down, the user must manually proceed, either to establish a bridge between the MV bus
bars or, if needed, to start the BSDG to feed the loads.
6.2.1 Black safe coast down during HL
Following table shows the case where the BSDG is started when the black-safe coast down
happens when the plant was in HL mode.
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K610/30, K850/30 Open Open

HV CB 18 K330/10 Open Open
BSDG 10BM_30/40 Stopped Running
HSTS GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA20GH000 Open/Closed(*) Closed
HSTS ST 18 01BBA40GH000 Open/Closed(*) Closed
(*)
Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA20GH020 Open(*) Open
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA20GH030/040 Closed(*) Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA10GH030/040 Open(*) Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA40GH020 Open(*) Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA30GH020 Closed(*) Closed
NER BSDG 10BDA10/20GH020/10 Closed Closed
Energ. from
Aux serv. Bus GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20 De-energ
BSDG
Energ. from
Aux serv. Bus ST 18 01BBA30/40 De-energ
BSDG
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH010 Open/Closed Open

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Aux services bus CB 18 01BBA30/40GH010 Open/Closed Open

GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Tripped Open
GCB 18 BAC10GS100 Open Open
Energ. from
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14MKC10 De-energ.
BSDG.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30/40 De-energ. De-energ.
11,12,13,14,
UPS feeding system - Feeding Stand-by
18
Black safe coast
GT 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14MKA10 Stopped
down
Black safe coast
ST 18 18MKA10 Stopped
down
(*) The HSTS position will depend upon the HL plant configuration.
(**) Only one or two generators are connected, according to the corresponding HL case.
6.2.1 Black safe coast down during Load operation
Following table shows the case where the BSDG (typically 2 gensets) is started when the black-
safe coast down happens when the plant was in load mode the grid is lost and they don’t enter
in Hl mode (all turbines are black safe coasted down when losing the HV grid). The plant control
after detecting the lack of voltage in the 4 main medium busbars for more than a certain time
(typically 10 seconds) will command the gensets to start. Also, the plant controller will configure
the appropriate links to fed the main busbars.
HV CB 11,12,13,14 K610/30, K850/30 Open Open

HV CB 18 K330/10 Open Open
BSDG 10BM_30/40 Stopped Running

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Aux GT bus to BSDG 01BBA10GH020 Open Closed

Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA20GH030/040 Open Closed
Aux GT bus to BSDG 10BDA10GH030/040 Open Open
Aux ST bus to BSDG 01BBA30GH020 Open Closed
10BDA10/20GH020/
NER BSDG Open Closed
10
Aux serv. Bus GT 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20 De-energ Energ. from BSDG
Aux serv. Bus ST 18 01BBA30/40 De-energ Energ. from BSDG
Aux services bus CB 11,12,13,14 01BBA10/20GH010 Closed Open
Aux services bus CB 18 01BBA30/40GH010 Closed Open
GCB 11,12,13,14 BAC10GS100 Tripped Open
GCB 18 BAC10GS100 Tripped Open
01BBA10/20GH80/7
Excitation CB 11,12,13,14 Closed Closed
0
Energ. from
Excitation transformer 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14MKC10 De-energ.
BSDG.
UAT 11,12,13,14 01BBT10/20/30/40 De-energ. De-energ.
11,12,13,14,1
UPS feeding system - feeding Stand-by
8
Black safe
GT 11,12,13,14 11/12/13/14MKA10 coast Stopped
down
Black safe
ST 18 18MKA10 coast Stopped
down

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7 ST Normal Operation
This section describes the ST normal operation modes:
1- Ready to start
2- Normal start-up
3- Ready to synchronize
4- Load operation
5- Normal shut-down
6- Stop
7- FSNL by-pass
Note: See ST modes and transition matrix in the appendix 4.
7.1 Ready to start conditions
Prior to this state, the substation is operative and the Bus-bar-1A and/or Bus-bar-2A at Waad Al-
Shamal substation are energized at 380 kV voltage level.
Then, the ST generating set and auxiliary services are energized from the HV 380KV station bus-
bar through the 380kV transmission line and corresponding generator step-up transformer
(01BAT40).
For the starting of the ST unit it must be verified that:
• Its auxiliary bus is energized, in the normal condition this is done through the 01BBT40
auxiliary transformer unit and 18BAA13 line.
• Steam cycle is at nominal conditions with or without solar steam production, by-passed
and ready to feed the ST.
• Substation bus bar voltage inside Grid Code levels.
• Grid operator permissive or call to generate with ST.
The status of the maneuvering elements is summarized in the table below:
HV DS K314/16 and/or K334/36 Closed

HV CB K310 and or K330 Closed
GSUT 01BAT40 Energized

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GDS 18BAC10GS200 Closed

GCB 18BAC10GS100 Open
UAT 01BBT30/40 Energized
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA30/40GH010 Closed
Aux ST services bus 01BBA40/30 Energized
Excitation transformer 18MKC10 De-Energized
AVR AVR 18MKA10 De-Energized
HSTS ST 01BBA40GH000 Open
7.1.1 One ST UAT out of service
If the UAT 01BBT40 is out of service, then the Aux services bus can be energized through only
one transformer, the UAT 01BBT30, and the transfer switch is closed in case of unavailability of
the main UAT STEB or main electrical feeding lines 18BAA13 and/or 18BBB20.

HV CB K310 and/or K330 Closed
UAT 01BBT30 Energized
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA40GH010 Open
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA30GH010 Closed
HSTS ST 01BBA40GH000 Closed

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If the UAT 01BBT30 is out of service, then the Aux. services bus can be energized through only
one transformer, the UAT 01BBT40.

Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA30/40GH010 Open
Excitation transformer 18MKC10 De-energized
7.2 Normal start up
This operation mode begins in a “ready to start” situation and ends with the prior to grid
synchronization condition.
The normal start-up mode is activated by the plant operator and could be executed manually or
automatically. It involves the following sequence of operations of the ST and its maneuvering
equipment:
• The ST governor starts operating accelerating the generator through cero to the self-
sustained speed and near synchronous speed.

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• The generator excitation 18MKC10 is energized and starts operating.

• The AVR is connected and regulating.
After the normal start-up the ST will be ready to be synchronized with the grid and after that
start load operation.
In addition, all the needed equipment must remain in the ready to start situation previously
detailed.
The sequence of event for start-up is detailed in the following table:
Sq Description KKS code Pre Post
1 GDS 1BBAC10GS200 Closed Closed

2 GCB 1BBAC10GS100 Open Open
3 AVR system De-ener Energized
4 Excitation transformer 18MKC10 De-ener. Energized
The ST start-up process heats and accelerates the turbine according to a predefined magnitude
envelope until the generator becomes ready to be synchronized to the grid.
7.3 Ready to synchronize
The ready to synchronize condition is achieved when the start-up process is finished. The
machine is in a sustained operation from the ST and the exciter is regulating the voltage at the
generator terminals. The generator MV circuit breaker 18BAC10GS100 is open.
Also, in the case the machine was in FSNL by-pass, after a grid restoration, the machine will go
to ready to synchronize.


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Excitation transformer 18MKC10 Energized
AVR AVR 18MKA10 On
ST
Rated speed
Steam Turbine 18MKA10
Rated Voltage
7.3.1 One ST UAT out of service
Alternatively if one of the AUTs is out of service (01BBT40/30), the status is defined in the
following table:

UAT 01BBT40/30 Energized (*)
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA40/30GH010 Only one is Closed (*)
HSTS ST 01BBA40GH000 closed

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AVR AVR 18MKA10 On

ST
Rated speed
Steam Turbine 18MKA10
Rated voltage
(*) only the one in service
7.4 Load operation
In this operation state the ST delivers power to the electrical grid. This mode comes after the
ready to synchronize state, and the main GCB of the generator has been closed. The steam
turbine has no HV synchronization capabilities.
Description KKS code Pre Post
GCB 18BAC10GS100 Open Closed
7.5 Normal shut-down
The ST will go into shut-down mode upon a command of the operator. When the shut-down
process starts the ST will go to minimum load condition or partially by-passed, following a pre-
selected unloading gradient. The load will drop until the reverse load protection of the electric
generator disconnects the machine by opening the GCB.
One (1) to four (4) GTs could operate at same time during this process and the solar field will be
by-passed not feeding the steam cycle.
After the machine trips and decelerates it will go to the stop mode. Moreover, as the machine
cools down the auxiliary services will reduce or stop operation according to the commands from
the ST Mark*VIe controller.
Sq Description KKS code Pre Post
1 GCB 18BAC10GS100 Closed Open

2 Excitation transformer 18MKC10 Ener. De-ener.

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During the normal shutdown, the auxiliary bus services are fed from the UAT similar to load
operation.
7.6 Stop
The ST machine comes to the stop mode after the shut-down process is completed. The main
characteristics of this mode are that the machine is in turning gear speed or stopped and there
are no alarms. Thus, when the machine is shut-down under emergency the stop mode comes
after the alarms have been acknowledged and cleared by the plant operator. Also, when the
stop is reached from the shutdown FSNL by-pass mode the auxiliaries are fed from another GTs
or from the BSDG.
This situation in terms of the power circuit means:
From Normal From

Description KKS code
shut-down FSNL/emergency
HV DS K314/16 and/or K334/36 Closed Closed
HV CB K310 and/or K330 Closed Open/Closed
GSUT 01BAT40 Energized De-/Energized
GDS 18BAC10GS200 Closed Closed
GCB 18BAC10GS100 Open Closed/Open
UAT 01BBT30 Energized De-/energized
UAT 01BBT40 Energized De-/energized
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA40GH010 Closed Open/Closed
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA30GH010 Closed Open/Closed
HSTS ST 01BBA40GH000 Open Open/Closed
Excitation transformer 18MKC10 De-energized De-energized
During the shutdown FSNL by-pass the auxiliary bus services could be fed from the other GTs.
7.6.1 One ST UAT is out of service
If one of the ST UAT is out of service:

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From Normal
Description KKS code From FSNL/emergency
shut-down
HV DS K314/16 and/or K334/36 Closed Closed
HV CB K310 and/or K330 Closed Closed
GSUT 01BAT40 Energized Energized
GDS 18BAC10GS200 Closed Open/closed
GCB 18BAC10GS100 Open Open
UAT 01BBT30/40 Energized(*) De-energized
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA40/30GH010 Closed(*) Open
Excitation transformer 18MKC10 De-energized De-energized
HSTS ST 01BBA40GH000 Closed/Open(**) Closed/Open(**)
(*) Only one is energized/closed.
(**) When the 01BBT40 is out of service is closed, and for the 01BBT30 case is open.
7.7 FSNL by-pass
When the main grid is lost only for the ST and there are not internal faults, it will open its GCB,
and will be set in bypass operating in FSNL. The ST keeps the bypass partially operated to
maintain the rated speed. During this mode, the turbine has the following status:
• The ST 18BAC10GS100 is open.

• The UAT 01BBT40 is de-energized and the 01BBT30 is energized.
• Related bus-bars are fed via the HSTS ST coupling.
• Solar field will be by-passed not feeding the steam cycle.

GSUT 01BAT40 De-energized
HV CB K330/310 Open
GDS 18BAC10GS200 closed
UAT 01BBT40 De-energized

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Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA40GH010 Open
Aux ST services bus CB 01BBA30GH010 Closed(*)
(*) If the diesel link bridge is used it can be open

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8 ST Abnormal Operation
The ST abnormal operation mode is:
1- Emergency shut-down
Note: See ST modes and transition matrix in Appendix 4.
8.1 Emergency shut-down
The causes of an emergency shut-down could be of different origin creating some alternative
scenarios that are analyzed hereafter.
In all cases the emergency shut-down originates in an alarm of appropriate level. Leaving the
emergency status requires acknowledgment from the plant operator and clearance of the alarm.
Note that the following tables are indicative and the final status of the CBs will depend of the
fault severity.
8.1.1 ST Internal fault
For a ST, internal fault (including a generator fault) the ST will go to the emergency shut-down
mode when an internal alarm trips or a fault that cannot be cleared by the tripping of the
generator GCB. In this case the unit will go into an emergency shut-down that will take the
machine to a stop. Once this has completed and after checking the alarms the operator can
decide upon going into maintenance mode.
Prior to the generator emergency shut-down, the steam will be by-passed and the solar field will
be by-passed, defocused and sent to safe mode.
In this fault mode in principle the UATs will remain connected to maintain auxiliary services.
Unit 18 internal emergency

GCB 18BAC10GS100 Tripped

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Unit 18 internal emergency

8.1.2 Electrical fault in the zone between GCB and the 380KV HV CB
The faults in the unit HV/MV transformer as well as the faults in the other elements of the
electrical power circuit linking the generator CB to the CBs in the HV station fall inside this zone
and will trip the corresponding GCBs and the HV CBs, de-energizing the GSU transformer,
excitation systems and associated UAT transformer. The steam cycle will be by-passed and the
solar field will be defocused and sent to safe mode. Generator will go to emergency shut-down.
HSTS (01BBA40GH000) will be activated since the UAT CB will receive a transferred tripping
command, which is used to initiate the transfer between bus-bar 01BBA40 to 01BBA30 (note
that upon receiving the signal the voltage in the MV bus-bars will be already depressed by the
fault, being the depression level the one enabling or not a fast switch over), restoring the power
to the auxiliary bus. This action will open the auxiliary service bus CB (01BBA40GH010)
associated to the de-energized UAT.

HV CB K310/30 Tripped
Aux service bus CB 01BBA40GH010 Open
GSU 01BAT40 De-energized
UAT 01BBT40 De-energized
Aux ST service bus CB 01BBA30GH010 Closed

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Aux ST service bus 01BBA40 Re-energized
8.1.3 Failure at the MV auxiliary service of the ST generator
In case of a short circuit in the 13.8 kV ST auxiliary service bus or its associated circuits happens,
the auxiliary service bus CB (01BBA30GH010 or 01BBA40GH010) will trip, de-energizing the
affected bus-bar 01BBA30 or 01BBA40. Under this condition, some of the auxiliary services of
the ST will be momentary lost, until the ATSs do the change over the healthy bus-bar, during
the clearing of the fault there will be a momentary depression on the voltage, being the UPS the
energy supplier of the critical loads. Unit may go into an emergency shut-down:

HV CB K310/30 Closed
GSU 01BAT40 Energized
Aux ST service bus CB 01BBA30/40GH010 Tripped (*)
UAT 01BBT30/40 De-energized (*)
HSTS ST 01BBA40GH000 Open (**)
(*) Depending on the bus affected. It is expected that only the affected bus-bar will disconnect.
(**) If HSTS ST is closed the GT14 will be affected too.
In any case, in the normal operation configuration the GT units shall not be affected by a fault
in the ST, taking out of service the ST, even in the case that both the auxiliary service bus-bars
01BBA30/40 become de-energized. Therefore, the operation and auxiliary services of the GT
should continue. HSTS ST should be blocked to avoid unwanted operation.
In case of a multiple fault affecting the 2 bus-bars (01BBA40/30) then they will be disconnected
and critical supplies come from the UPS system.

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8.1.4 Start-up ST failure
When a failure is produced in the ST during start-up or ready to start modes the machine will
go to emergency shut-down and begin deceleration.
In this case the maneuver element status is:

HV CB K310/30 Closed
Aux ST service bus CB 01BBA30/40GH010 Closed
Moreover, a new start-up should be inhibited until the origin of the fault is cleared.

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9 Plant Auxiliary Services Normal Operation
During normal operation the auxiliary services supply power to the necessary loads for the correct
plant operation.
The preferred system configuration for feeding the auxiliary services is through each of the UATs
connected to the GT and ST electrical building buses and with all the HSTS Open.
In this way the UATs 01BBT10/20 feed the GT electrical building auxiliary buses 01BBA10/20
respectively and the other MV switchgears that are connected to them, like the 01BBA12/22 of
the compressed gas electrical room, the 01BBA11/21 of the common electrical building BoP, the
01BBA13/23 of the solar field, and the 01BBA15/25 of the oil unloading electrical room.
Moreover, the UATs 01BBT30/40 feed the buses 01BBA30/40 respectively of the ST electrical
building.
9.1 Emergency-Black Start genset on-load testing mode
In the WAS facility, the BSDG system (4 diesel genset units) are used for: black safe coast down,
stop from house load mode, and black-start power supply, all these cases applied when the main
grid is lost.
The genset units are directly connected in MV level, through their CBs (10BDA10/20GH030/040)
to the MV busbar 10BDA10/20. This busbar has an HSTS which is fully controlled by the DCS,
disabling the local HSTS controller to avoid unwanted paralleling of the different possible islands
in case of house load scenario with 2 GTs, thus this HSTS is controlled solely manually.
On top of that, according to standard regulations the BSDG genset must be periodically checked
for its emergency supply capacity (in this case the HV grid is there). The testing of the BSDG will
be done by connecting the genset one by one (10BDA10/20GH010/020), in parallel with the
rest of the plant, synchronizing with the corresponding bus-bars 10BDA10/20, which are
energized by means of the closing of the CBs (e.g. 10BDA10/20GH030 and 01BBA40/10GH020)
that link the BSDG bridge with the main MV bus-bars (01BBA10/20/30/40), having the four of
them loaded and working together at the end, and having the plant operating under normal
load, with and without the coupling circuit breaker (10BDA10GH000) closed. Other tests may
be defined later according to genset service manual O&M.

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Note, that when the diesel system generator is connected in parallel with the GTs for long
duration periods the ground system of the BSDG is disconnected. Note as well, that starting
diesel gensets in the 2 different busbars (10BDA10/20) without the HSTS connecting them, will
make not possible to reconnect these two systems at later stage, since there is no option for
active synchro between them afterwards.

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10 Auxiliary services disturbed modes
In this section, failure at various points of the generators auxiliary services are considered.
10.1 UAT failure
In case of failure at the UAT this will trip all the affected machines in the group and the
corresponding HV CBs. These are the machines that in the standard configuration of the plant
have electrical connection to the UAT under failure. This is summarized in the following table:
Unit Affected HV CB
Description KKS code MV CB trip GCB trip
trip aux. bus trip
UAT group
01BBT10 11,12 01BBA10 01BBA10GH010 K810/834 11/12BAC10GS100
(11, 12)
UAT group
01BBT20/30 13,14 01BBA20/30 01BBA20GH010 K654/630 13/14BAC10GS100
(13, 14)
UAT Unit
01BBT40 18 01BBA40 01BBA30GH010 K654/630 18BAC10GS100
18
GSUT 01BAT10 11,12 De-energized
GSUT 01BAT20 13,14 De-energized
GSUT 01BAT40 18 De-energized
During the UAT fault there will be a high current going through the UAT CB together with a
depression in the voltage in the corresponding MV bus-bar. Once the UAT CB opens the blocking
of the HSTS is finished, and the HSTS operation will ensure that the aux bus-bar is fed through
the other UAT. During the voltage depression and until the fault is cleared and the HSTS transfer
is finished, the critical loads are fed by the corresponding UPS systems.
For the UATs there is no switch or CB to disconnect them from the HV side. This requires manual
disconnection of the transformer terminals because there is no maneuver element on that side
of the UAT, this implies the stopping of the associated GTs, the opening of the HV CBs and DSs,
thus having the de-energization of the area to proceed with the manual UAT disconnection.
10.2 Start-up transformer failure
In case of failure at the start-up transformer 01BPT10/20 this is isolated from the electrical system
by opening its connecting CBs.

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The other GT units could be started from the LCI of the other group by using the interconnection
01BPT00GT100. In this way all GTs can be fed from any of the LCIs.
10.3 MV bus-bar failure
In case of failure at the main MV bus-bar 01BBA40/30/20/10 this should be isolated from the
electrical system by opening its connecting CBs. The failure will be isolated by means of the
01BBA40/30/20/10GH010. After that, the corresponding HSTS will be blocked to avoid
operation, by the differential bus-bar, breaker failure and overcurrent protection. This will make
the affected turbines to go to emergency shut-down.
Affected aux bus KKS code Trip CB HSTS blocked
Bus-bar GT 10 01BBA10 01BBA10GH010 01BBA20GH000

Bus-bar GT 20 01BBA20 01BBA20GH010 01BBA20GH000
Bus-bar ST 30 01BBA30 01BBA30GH010 01BBA40GH000
Bus-bar ST 40 01BBA40 01BBA40GH010 01BBA40GH000
Following table shows the affected turbines.
Affected aux bus KKS code Turbine Emergency Shut-down
Bus-bar GT 10 01BBA10 11,12

Bus-bar GT 20 01BBA20 13,14
Bus-bar ST 30 01BBA30 18
Bus-bar ST 40 01BBA40 18
If there is a fault in the rest of the MV bus-bars 01BBA22/12 (Compressed gas), 01BBA21/11
(BOP electrical building) and 01BBA23/13 (Solar field), 01BBA25/15 (Oil unloading electrical) the
corresponding HSTS will be blocked and the fault isolated by the corresponding CB.
Affected aux bus KKS code Trip CB HSTS blocked
Compressed gas 01BBA22 01BBA22GH010 01BBA22GH000

Compressed gas 01BBA12 01BBA12GH010 01BBA22GH000

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BOP electrical building 01BBA21 01BBA21GH010 01BBA21GH000

BOP electrical building 01BBA11 01BBA11GH010 01BBA21GH000
Solar field 01BBA23 01BBA23GH010 01BBA23GH000
Solar field 01BBA13 01BBA13GH010 01BBA23GH000
Oil unloading electrical 01BBA25 01BBA25GH010 01BBA25GH000
Oil unloading electrical 01BBA15 01BBA15GH010 01BBA25GH000
10.4 MV switchgears and circuits
In this section are described the handling of failures in the MV circuits that provide energy to the
plant auxiliary services. A failure on this equipment will imply a loss of supply on the loads and
portions of the system connected downstream, thus, operating the HSTSs unless they are
blocked. Failures can be different types of short circuit and other of electrical failures.
10.4.1 Under-voltage relays
The MV switchgears are equipped with under-voltage relays at different points of the electrical
circuit. Based on the detection of the programmed under-voltage condition a response is taken
at the system level to re-establish the electric supply at all possible portions of the electrical
system.
10.4.2 High speed transfer switches: HSTS
The transfer switches are used at the main auxiliary service buses to help keeping the electric
supply at the critical plant services. The operation of the HSTS and its capabilities are described
in [4]. In addition, the following guidelines apply:
• When the two buses involved are operating in synchronism the transfer could take place
in a fast transfer mode. This most likely will be the case where the transfer is done by an
external command, e.g. sent by the DCS, to configure the plant in advance due to
maintenance operations.
• More generally, when the buses are not in-synchronism the transfer will take place under
an operation mode that could be transfer at first phase coincidence (if voltage level allows
it), or under residual voltage dependent transfer. For the last one, it is needed that one of
the feeders kept the voltage above certain level; otherwise the HSTS will not be activated.
This can be the case where the machines lost the HV grid.

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• The HSTSs are not intended for maneuvering automatically during normal plant operation.
Therefore, after the transfers have been activated the operator must return them to the
standard position. Note that the HSTS are blocked to avoid connecting the HSTS during
faulty bus-bar situations.
• The HSTS will not initiate any transfer if an overcurrent is detected in any of the feeders
by using the “OVERCURRENT START” signal, which is intended for putting the HSTS in a
momentary “NOT READY” state to inhibit the initiation of transfers in case of fault outside
its bus-bar, allowing first that external short-circuit be interrupted. Also, the transfer will
not be initiated if the corresponding feeder CB is in open state.
• The transfer initiation of the HSTSs can be initiated by 3 methods: Protection, under-
voltage and manual. These methods are explained in more details in the following
sections.
10.4.2.1 HSTS: Bus transfer initiation by protection

As mentioned before, the HSTS serves to transfer load from one feeder to a stand-by feeder
which is independent of the previous feeder, and to do so as fast as possible. For this, the primary
function principle of the HSTS is the execution of fast transfers with commands being issued
simultaneously to the respective circuit breakers which are to be opened or closed, on condition
that the feeders are synchronous with one another. In the event of non-synchronous feeders,
see following section.
Since it is of utmost importance to avoid unnecessary delays in doing the bus-transfer, a binary
logic should be programed in the relays of the main axillary bus-bars (01BBA10/20/30/40) to
initiate a protection transfer. This transfer is carried out direction dependent and whenever the
synchronous conditions are fulfilled. This logic will use the NOT ON GRID, the corresponding
GCB status, the trip command from the TCP to the corresponding GT GCB, and the pre-
configuration of the GTs to go into house load mode signals to command the HSTS to initiate a
transfer, i.e. every time the power plant gets disconnected from the external grid and the
associated generator gets disconnected from the step-up transformer.
The logic that initiates the transfer of the HSTSs by an external signal and during HL conditions
can be seen in the following figures:

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Position 13BAC10GS100
GT13 HL* (DCS)
GT12 HL* (DCS)

NOT ON GRID 13&14
NOT ON GRID 11&12
Trip comand GT12

Trip comand GT13
NOT ON GRID 18
GT14 HL* (DCS)
NOT ON GRID 13&14
Trip comand GT14
10.4.2.2 HSTS: Bus transfer initiation due to under-voltage
The under-voltage settings and actions to sustain the power at the bus auxiliary services are
outlined in the table below. The breakers have their own programmed operation command, but
could also receive closing/opening commands from the plant DCS, in this last case the operation
timing is different than when the operation is handled automatically. In this last case since
closing and opening timing of the CB are most likely different there is an option in the HSTS to
include a delay to compensate these times and avoid unnecessary transients, see [4]. During this
maneuvering, it is possible to lose some loads due to the zero crossing and subsequent transient.
The preset (defined by user and it may be adjusted further) required for closing the bus coupling
connection due to under-voltage detected at the bus are:
• The voltage at the affected bus is <0.7 Un.

• The voltage at the connecting neighbor bus is >0.9 Un.
• Protection relays in the neighbor bus, neither in the affected bus-bars, have not tripped
due to short circuit or earth fault.

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• There is no blocking due to differential, overcurrent or breaker failure.
Loss of power supply at Time delay Switching actions Result
Automatic closing of HSTS

01BBA20/40GH000 01BBA10/20/30/40 fed
01BBA10/20/30/40
t.b.d (*) from alternative
HSTS local control
companion bus
Opening in-feed
DCS/manual closing of HSTS
01BBA10/20/30/40 01BBA10/20/30/40 fed
01BBA20/40GH000
With HSTS command t > 1 sec from alternative
from DCS companion bus
Opening in-feed
Start BSDG by operator
01BBA10 and 01BBA20 01BBA10/20 fed from
t > 10 sec Close BSDG connecting BSDG
from respective UATs
01BBA10/20GH020 and
10BDA10/20GH030/40
Start BSDG by operator
01BBA30 and 01BBA40 01BBA30/40 fed from
t > 10 sec Close BSDG connecting BSDG
from respective UATs
01BBA30/40GH020 and
10BDA10/20GH030/40
(*) t.b.d. according to the HSTS capability
10.4.2.3 Transfer of plant buses due to under-voltage using HSTS
The following table lists the plant buses and HSTS that could be involved in the bus transfer
activated by the under-voltage relays. In all cases, the mechanism will be the same as the one
described in the previous section:
Description Bus code Incoming CB code HSTS code
GT electrical building 01BBA10/20 01BBA10/20GH010 01BBA20GH000

ST electrical building 01BBA30/40 01BBA30/40GH010 01BBA40GH000
Black-start DG building 10BDA10/20 10BDA10/20GH10/20 10BDA10GH000
Comp. gas electrical room 01BBA12/22 01BBA12/22GH010 01BBA22GH000
Common electrical building BoP 01BBA11/21 01BBA11/21GH010 01BBA21GH000
Solar field 01BBA13/23 01BBA13/23GH010 01BBA23GH000

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Description Bus code Incoming CB code HSTS code
Oil lubricating electrical room 01BBA15/25 01BBA15/25GH010 01BBA25GH000
For all the buses listed above, except for the BSDG that follows different procedures, the
sequence for restoring the bus after an under-voltage alarm is given in the table below, and has
to be done manually (locally or remotely):
Sq Description Pre Post
Initial restoring mechanism for U<

1 Aux services bus U < alarm
2 Incoming CB of affected bus Closed Open
3 HSTS Open Closed
If the bus voltage has not been restored it shall be isolated
4 Incoming CB of neighbor bus Closed Open
5 HSTS Closed Open
6 All MV bus (affected and neighbor) connected CBs Open
Summarizing the procedure, this consists in an attempt to recover the affected voltage from the
neighbor bus by making use of the HSTS (according to section 10.4.2.2). However, in case this
attempt is not successful the complete bus is disconnected an isolated from the system.
10.4.2.4 HSTS: Bus transfer by manual initiation
The manual initiation of the High Speed Transfer Device can be issued either from the HMI device
but also by remote control via binary input, depending on the local/remote key switch position.
The manual initiation is not directional-fixed, i.e., initiations lead to transfers in the direction
which is respectively possible.
The processing of the manual initiation takes place with low priority and is not suitable for
protective initiations of the transfer device.

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10.5 LV circuits, STS and ATSs
LV switchgears are equipped with under-voltage detection relays in order to detect loss of
electrical supply similarly to the MV switchgears.
The voltage levels for detection have the same per unit values than the MV case.
The plant LV buses are equipped with automatic transfer switches (ATS) that are used to restore
the voltage at buses that have lost their power in-feed connection. The restoring procedure is
executed automatically by the ATS when the feeder recovers its rated voltage.
The following table summarizes the transfer characteristics at the low voltage system:
Loss of power Estimated

Switching actions Result
supply at: time delay
Affected bus is fed from

Firstly the affected CB is
neighbor bus.
LV bus t > 3 sec open, and them the
Redundant pumps are switched
coupling is closed.
on automatically.
LV bus Isolation of affected bus in

t > 4 sec Affected buses get disconnected
(failure of ATS) case the transfer fails.
10.5.1 Main LV Bus-bars
In case of a fault in one of the LV bus-bars feeding the GT MCCs the affected generators can
still be kept running due to existence of 3 MCCs installed per generator, being the redundancy
criteria 2oo3.
MCCs of GT11 and 12 are fed by bus-bars 01BFA51/61/53/63 and GT13 and 14 are fed by bus-
bars 01BFA52/62/53/63. In this case, the fault will be isolated by the corresponding CBs and
the corresponding ATS will be blocked by the bus-bar differential or overcurrent protection. This
applies for the rest of LV bus-bars.
In case of a fault in one of the LV bus-bars feeding the ST MCCs (18BFA21/22/23) the ST can
still be kept running due to existence of 3 MCCs for the generator, everyone is in different bus-
bars, connected through a STS (static transfer switch [9]) to the healthy bus-bar in case one bus-
bar supply is lost or STS failure. In this case, the fault will be isolated by the corresponding CBs,
the corresponding ATS will be blocked by the bus-bar differential or overcurrent protection, and
the STS will be activated to connect the MCC to the healthy bus-bar.

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10.5.2 LV emergency supply: UPS and DC systems
Connected to the LV system is located the energy supply during emergency situations for the
critical loads.
10.5.2.1 DC system
The DC supply system is designed to provide redundancy in the power available to the DC loads.
To achieve this feature, the battery chargers are duplicated and the batteries are divided in two
sets that can be operated independently, each one with its own connecting and measuring
elements. DC supply systems are included in the GT electrical building, ST building, Common
electrical building BOP, and solar field building. Details about the DC system can be found in
[12] and [13].
The chargers and set of batteries are grouped in sets of two. In the event of a charger failure
the battery coupled to it can be charged from the other charger by closing the DC bus link. The
faulty charger has to be repaired or replaced later, probably in the next turbine shut-down.
In case of a battery failure it can be isolated from the system by taking out the DC protection
fuses. In this case the DC bus link has to be also closed in order to feed all the DC loads.
In case of a fault in the DC distribution board, the bus link is used to isolate the affected bus.
Nevertheless, the loads connected to faulted portion will get disconnected and their function
must be assumed by redundant equipment of the turbine.
The following considerations must also be considered:
• The equipment manual must be consulted before acting over the DC system.
• Failures on the batteries or the DC distribution panels represent an operable but non-
desirable condition and must inhibit the turbine start-up.
• Failures in the DC supply system must be corrected in the next turbine stop.
10.5.2.2 UPS
In terms of the chargers and batteries the UPS system operates similarly to the DC system
mentioned above. In addition, the UPS have inverters and a static transfer switch that provide a
backup supply to the DC loads. UPS systems are included in the GT electrical building, ST
electrical building, common electrical building BOP, central control building and solar field
building. In case of a failure in the inverter, the static transfer switch transfers from the output

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DC bus to the backup branch with the regulating transformer. In addition, there exist also two
inverters in the UPS system and the second inverter can be used to supply the load.
In case of a failure in the UPS AC distribution board the affected portion of the bus should be
disconnected. Details about the UPS system can be found in [11].
10.6 Load Commutated Inverter LCI
For failure, or abnormal operation condition operation see the O&M manual.
10.7 Excitation system
For failure, or abnormal operation condition operation see the O&M manual.
10.8 Failure of BSDG
The black start diesel generating set has to fulfill two major critical missions in the WAS power
plant. One is to supply the emergency load after loss of all other power sources. The other is to
be the source for the WAS plant black start.
General failure in the BSDG room must inhibit the plant start-up.
The projected BSDG power has an N+1 redundancy for emergency power during the shut-down.
Therefore, a failure on one of the BSDG diesel engine/generator does not represent a limitation
for the emergency condition, and the plant normal start-up and operation shall not be inhibited
in this case. However, in case of a single genset failure the full black-start capacity will not be
available, meaning that the plant could only be started with ASL.
10.9 Electrical power equipment
In case of a failure in the GT electric power equipment the unit GCB will trip disconnecting the
machine from the network and executing and emergency shut-down as described in this
document (mode 5.1).
10.9.1 Generator circuit breaker
For failures, such as opening mechanism, trip coil, or in general abnormal operation condition
see the O&M manual and protection trip-alarm matrices document [10], these failures most

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likely will require manual CB operation. The failure of the GCB (50/62BF) will initiate the
automatic tripping and blocking of the adjacent generator GCB, corresponding HV CBs and
corresponding UAT CB.
In addition, as the failure is inside the electrical generator zone and is not isolated by the GCB
opening, the following actions must be taken:
• Rapid demagnetization of the excitation circuit followed by disconnection of the excitation

transformer.
• Machine acceleration will be handled by the over-speed protection.
10.9.2 Neutral point and generator outline cubicle
For failure, or abnormal operation condition see the O&M manual.
10.9.3 Isolated phase bus duct
For failure, or abnormal operation condition see the O&M manual.

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11 Combined Operation of Several Units
Normally the plant generators will be set in voltage control mode, thus having the tap changer
of the GSUT in manual mode. When having the generators in power factor mode, the GUST will
be set in automatic voltage control mode.
11.1 Several Units Normal Start-up Operation
This is the situation when several generation units are stopped and the user wants to start-up
some of them. Note that the capability of starting GTs depends on the availability of the LCI
(only it is possible to start one GT at a time per LCI) meaning that a maximum of 2 GTs can be
started at the same time in the plant. Note as well, that it can be the case where all units are in
stop mode and the auxiliaries are fed either by the grid or by the diesel system, this last case will
be a black start.
The process to start-up individual units is explained in the section regarding starting-up the GT
and ST units. The increasing and decreasing of the turbine load can be done gradually in step
references and according to the turbine maximum ramp rate capabilities. By default, under the
start condition the turbines will go to the base load according to their ramp rates.
Note that the plant can have two main operation modes: open cycle and closed cycle, according
to the Steam turbine generator status.
11.1.1 Starting when several or all units are stopped
In the case that all generation units are stopped and ready to start, preferably, the GT units are
to be started one by one, sequentially, to soften the grid impact.
So firstly 1 GT is started, synchronized and grid connected, after that second GT can be started
and so on. ST can be started as soon as the thermal steam circuit is ready.
A maximum of 2 GTs at a time can be started, due to LCI availability, one per coupling
transformer (14 or 13) and (12 or 11).
In any case, the LCI cannot be used to start more than one GT, so an inhibit signal should be
used to avoid start-up of other GTs when it is being used already.

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11.2 Several Units Stop Operation
The process to stop the individual units is explained in the section regarding stopping the GT
and ST units. However, for the case the operator should stop several units at the same time the
next procedure has to be followed.
11.2.1 Normal stopping when all units are running
This is the case when all generation units are running, and the operator needs to stop all of
them.
In this case, preferably, the GT units are to be stooped one by one sequentially to soften the grid
impact. Firstly, the ST is to be stooped, and then the GT units follow.
In the case a faster plant stop is needed then the 4 GTs and the ST can be stooped at the same
time by means of the HMI by ordering them to go to stop mode simultaneously.
11.3 Several Units Emergency Stop Operation
Emergency stop is an operation that is triggered locally and quickly according to a faulty scenario,
as described in the aforementioned. If several units are affected by a fault, they will enter
independently of each other in the emergency shut-down.
The process when an individual unit goes to emergency is explained in the section regarding
emergency stop for the GT and ST units.
11.4 Plant House Load Operation
House load for the whole plant is triggered when a sudden loss of the HV network happens (full
load rejection scenario). The trigger is done by means of a signal (see section 5.6) which is sent
to the corresponding generation units.
This mode only can be used in 12, 13 and 14 GTs with a given maximum duration (expected 1
hour), according to the specifications, the rest of GTs that are not set in HL are set to FSNL and
the ST is set to bypass and trip.
Detailed description of the mode can be found in the respective sections for HL mode for the
GT.

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Due to possible configurations of the bus-bar HV substation, the generation units can be set to
HL according to a coupling logic based on their electrical coupling, meaning that units are
grouped as 14/13, 12/11 and 18.
This mode should not be used when a fault happens between generator terminals and HV
substation CBs.

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12 Plant Synchronization System
All the generation units have the capability to synchronize with the MV, but only units 13, 12
and 14 GTs can synchronize with the HV side.
Note as well that for doing a black start, the MV output of the emergency generators shall be
synchronized with the bus-bar of the auxiliaries system (01BBA10, 01BBA20, 01BBA30), thus
the voltage signals from breakers 01BBA10GH010, 01BBA20GH010, 01BBA30GH010 and
01BBA40GH010 should be provided to the diesel system synchronizer controller to correctly
operate. Under black-start scenario the closing of the 01BBA10GH010, 01BBA30GH010,
01BBA40GH010 and 01BBA20GH010 will be done by the DCS through the switchgear synchro-
check relays indicating synchronizing conditions. Once this is done, the DCS will send a signal to
the diesel system controller to indicate that the operation of synchronization has finished.
The GCBs 18BAC10GS100, 14BAC10GS100, 13BAC10GS100, 12BAC10GS100, and

11BAC10GS100 have the capability to close when the voltages at CB voltage terminals are
correctly synchronized.
If HV substation breakers are open due to low voltage conditions as specified in [3], after grid
restoration, they only can be closed when they are synchronized correctly with the house load
generator voltages.
In absence of grid and when in house load operation the generator should be synchronized to
the HV side, where the HV breakers are in one and half breaker scheme in the HV switchyard
and where either of the breakers can be synchronized, there will be 3 synchronizer systems in
the HV GIS, one for GT12/13/14.
When the GT is in house load mode and is going to be reconnected again to the HV grid when
the grid is restored and upon permission of the transmission system authorities, it is needed to
synchronize the generator voltage with the HV grid (selection of HV CB is needed, e.g. either
bus-bar 1B or bus-bar 2B). Upon a confirmation and selection of the HV CB from the operator,
the HV synchronization system in the substation will start the process, the synchronizer will send
the pulses for angle and magnitude voltage correction to the Mark*VIe controller. When the
generator and grid are synchronized the selected HV CB will be closed by the synchronizer,
sending a signal of synchronization process finished to the GT turbine controller in order it can
go to load mode, and the operator can start the loading sequence of the GT.
Synchronization actions in the GCB is fully performed by the Mark*VIe controllers.

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During synchronization, backup synch-check protection is performed by the backup protection

modules. This follows the separate, independent, and dissimilar backup protection philosophy
to minimize the risk of common mode failures.
Using the HMI screen, the operator can select manual or automatic synchronizing process. In
automatic mode, the Mark*VIe manages the MV synchronizing process and closes the MV
breaker when the conditions are satisfied. In manual mode, only when the operator chooses to
close on the HMI screen, the breaker will close if conditions are met.
12.1 Synchronizing closing command
Each circuit breaker is to be operated either from the Mark*VIe or substation HV synchronizer
controllers and has a parameter set for the characteristic values (e.g. the breaker closing time).
Following table shows the closing operations that can be performed. This is the configuration
for highest security and maximum availability.
The incoming voltage UINC(Geno) is the voltage of the generating system, which is adjusted to the
running voltage URUN(HV-Grid) of the grid system.
Breaker Operation Item Applicable Purpose
close on UINC(Geno)= 0 1 Energize GT transformer
Resynchronize GT in HL operation to HV
HV CB synchronize 2
grid
close on URUN(HV-Grid)= 0 3 Reconnection to dead HV grid
synchronize 4 Synchronize generator to MV grid

Gen CB
close on URUN(HV-Grid)= 0 5 Black start
Uinc(Geno) = voltage seen by the CB towards the generator side
URUN(HV-Grid) = voltage seen by the CB towards the grid side
12.2 Synchronizing voltages
The HV system voltages for synchronizing of the HV CB have to be provided by the HV system
(there are 3 synchronizing system at HV substation, one for GT12/13/14) with values as given
below.

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GT GEN CB ST GEN CB HV CB
Incoming voltage Incoming voltage Running voltage
UINC(Geno) UINC(Geno) URUN(HV-Grid)
19 0.11 23.5 0.11 380 0.11

Voltage level kV kV kV
3 3 3 3 3 3
L1-N L3-N L1-N L3-N L1-N L3-N
12.3 Synchronizing procedure
12.3.1 Turbine start-up with fully automatic synchronizing
The synchronizing system starts automatically by the turbine sequencer program after the
turbine has reached idle speed.
The voltages, before and after the GCB, and the closing coil of the circuit breaker are connected
to the automatic synchronizer, which will use these values to make the synchronization. After
the circuit breaker is closed the synchronizer is switched off.
12.3.2 HV CB synchronization of a GT unit in HL mode
Initial condition: HV grid is live and the unit is running in house load operation.
The following sequence must be performed:
• This operation is initiated by the command of the Grid operator, and on top of that, a
permissive is needed from the system to get it started, i.e. reason of tripping/opening of
the HV breaker, alarms to be checked and possibility of synchronization is to be ensured.
This implies that there is no severe alarm in the plant, HV is present, voltage and
frequency in HV are OK to initiate synchro (signals obtained from synchronization device),
at least one GT is in HL, and corresponding HVCB is available.
• Selection of HV (bus-bar 1B or 2B) circuit breaker, done by Grid operator and

corresponding isolators to be closed via HVCS.
• When fulfilling the above points, i.e. once the plant is ready for synchronization and a
command is received to start the process, a manual command from DCS HMI is given to
the GT Mark Vie to get ready for Remote Synchronization.

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• Once the GT control mode is adjusted to receive Raise/lower commands, a “Ready to

Synchronize at HVCB” is generated in the DCS, sending the start signal to HV
Synchronizer from DCS.
• When the synchronizer starts to operate, the HV synchronizing panel sends matching
pulses to GT Mark Vie. A “Synch in Progress” signal status is communicated to DCS from
HV Synchronizer. If at any moment, the condition “Ready to Synchronize at HVCB” is
not fulfilled during the synchronization period, a stop signal is send to the synchronizer,
aborting the synchronization process.
• When synchronization is finished, the HV circuit breaker will be closed by HV

synchronizing panel upon a command from the synchronizer. After getting HVCB status
as Closed, “Ready to Synchronize at HVCB” and “Synch in Progress” signals are set as
False.
•After the HV circuit breaker is closed, setting the plant configuration, as in the pre-
House Load state, must be done manually by the operator.
•Loading and/or connecting of the selected GT up to the set value starts by the operator
command Matching pulses
The frequencies/phases are matched by transmitting pulse length modulated ‘TURBINE SPEED
RAISE / LOWER’ control signals to the speed controller of the prime mover (governor).
The voltages are matched by transmitting pulse length modulated ‘VOLTAGE RAISE / LOWER’
control signals to the generator voltage regulator (AVR).
12.3.3 CB Control Authorities
The control authorities of the circuit breaker to be synchronized between central power plant
control system (DCS) and HV control system (HVCS) are described below:
Operation DCS HVCS Remark
Close on UINC(Geno)= 0 Energize generator transformer
HV CB Synchronizing operation Synchronize GT in HL operation to HV grid
Close on URUN(HV-Grid)= 1
Reconnection to grid when GT is in HL
and UINC(Geno)= 1

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Operation DCS HVCS Remark
Close on URUN(HV-Grid)= 0 Reconnection to dead grid
Open
Synchronize Synchronize generator to MV grid
Gen CB Close on URUN(HV-Grid)= 0 Black start
Open
Uinc(Geno) = voltage seen by the CB towards the generator side
URUN(HV-Grid) = voltage seen by the CB towards the grid side
13 NOT ON Grid signal generation
The signal is used to indicate to the generation units that a house load situation should be
activated, thus a corresponding signal should be generated. The signal should be generated as
fast as possible to avoid unnecessary delays, preferable this will be done with direct signal wiring.
Since there are 3 incomers to the HV substation, then 3 different signals are generated. Most
likely, the signal will be used for tripping the GCBs of the generators set in FSNL, and to set the
selected HL machines through the Mark*Vie, as soon as the generators are in the appropriate
modes, i.e. load. Most likely the “NOT ON GRID” signal is to be generated by the substation
synchronizer.
The signal “NOT ON GRID” should be calculated by a similar logic to:

IF (Not Alarm in the HV substation) AND (K810 AND K830) OPEN
THEN “NOT ON GRID GT 11&12” = 1
THEN “NOT ON GRID GT 13&14” = 1
THEN “NOT ON GRID ST 18” = 1
For the case, the bus-bars A and B of the HV substation are separated by K226 and K124, and
a fault causes the grid voltage to decrease only in the bus-bar 1A/2A then the ST goes to FSNL-
bypass. If the grid is loss for the 3 incomers (NOT ON GRID ST 18, NOT ON GRID GT 11&12 and NOT
ON GRID GT 13&14 are high) then the ST is set in bypass mode and trip. In the case that only the
NOT ON GRID ST 18 is activated then the ST will go to FSNL by-pass.

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For the case, the bus-bars A and B of the HV substation are separated by K226 and K124 and a
fault causes the grid voltage to decrease only in the bus-bar 1B/2B then the selected GTs goes
to FSNL and HL according to what was described and the ST goes to by-pass and trip.
If the NOT ON GRID signal affects only one of the GTs incomers, then 12 or 14 will go to HL
accordingly, as preferred solution.
Following table summarized the permutations (for normal plant configuration, i.e. no main
components in maintenance):
NOT ON GRID GT 11&12 NOT ON GRID GT 13&14 NOT ON GRID ST 18 STATUS UNITS
GT 13&12 HL
1 1 0 GT 11&14 FSNL
ST by-pass and trip
GT 14&12 HL
1 1 1 GT 13&11 FSNL
ST by-pass and trip
GT 12 HL
GT 13&14 Normal
1 0 0
GT 11 FSNL
ST Normal
GT 11&12 Normal
0 0 0 GT 13&14 Normal
ST Normal
GT 14 HL
GT 11&12 Normal
0 1 0
GT 13 FSNL
ST Normal
GT 11&12 Normal
0 0 1 GT 13&14 Normal
ST FSNL by-pass
GT 11&12 Normal
GT 13 FSNL
0 1 1
GT 14 HL
ST by-pass and trip
GT 12 HL
GT 11 FSNL
1 0 1
GT 13&14 Normal
ST by-pass and trip

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Appendix

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Appendix 1. Frequency control strategy of GT during grid disconnections
Transmission event
Speed aceleration
transient
NO
Remote breaker Initiate load Island mode Bumpless

YES YES NO
open rejection sequence selected trasnfer selected
YES
NO Calculate and preset requested

governor command
Normal control Transfer to island Transfer to FSNL

Island load
action Load reject to calculated island load Trip 52G
demand
Island load
from plant Combustion mode selection Preset gevernor to calculated preset Load rejected to FSNL
comand algorithm
control Transition to calculated combustion Preset governor to FSNL
system mode Transition to load recovery mode
NO NO
Load rejected Load rejected

release release
YES YES
Transfer to island governor Transfer to normal droop

control governor control
ABENER
Revision: Date: Page:
05 2018/19/07 231 of 233
Appendix 2. Single-line diagram
11MKC10
12MKC10
13MKC10
14MKC10
18MKC10
All CBs in this figure are motorized.
ABENER
05 2018/19/07 232 of 233
Appendix 3. Operation modes and transitions of the GT in the WAS project

The direction for reading the table is: from <mode in vertical list> to <mode in head of
columns>.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A1 A2
Ready to start 1 a a d
Normal Start-up 2 f a a d
Ready to synch. 3 a-c a d
Load 4 b b a d
FSNL 5 a-b e a d
House load 6 a-b a-e d
Normal shut-down 7 f d
Stop 8 a-b a-e
Shut-down from HL 9 f d
Ready to black-start 10 a a d
Black-start 11 f c-e a a d
Emergency shut-down A1 f-d
Black safe coast down A2 f-d
Reference: a = operator, b = grid, c = synchronization, d = alarm, e = BSDG, f =

machine condition
ABENER
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Appendix 4. Operation modes and transitions of the ST in the WAS Project
The direction for reading the table is: from <mode in vertical list> to <mode in head of
columns>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A1
Ready to start 1 a a d
Normal Start-up 2 f a d
Ready to synch. 3 c a d
Load 4 a b d
Normal shut-down 5 f d
Stop 6 a-b
FSNL by-pass 7 a a d
Emergency shut-down A1
Reference: a = operator, b = grid, c = synchronization, d = alarm, e = BSDG, f =
machine condition.

4011 REP ABE 075 440 0004 - Rev05 - Functional Description Electrical System

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4011 REP ABE 075 440 0004 - Rev05 - Functional Description Electrical System

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ABENER

Project: Waad Al-Shamal ISCCPP

Document No.: 4011-REP-ABE-075-440-0004

Jorge Martínez García. Electrical Engineer. Abener Electronic Signature

Jose Virgilio de Andrade. Electrical Engineer. Abener Electronic Signature

Zigor Larrabe Uribe. Lead Electrical Engineer. Abener Electronic Signature

Victor Trabadela Molina. Engineering Director. Abener Electronic Signature

ABENER Revision: Date: Page:

Revision control sheet

Preliminary or pending information

Edition Sections Concepts Status

ABENER Revision: Date: Page:

1 Subject and scope ............................................................................................. 10

2 Reference documents ....................................................................................... 11

4 Electrical system description ............................................................................ 14

4.1 Main electrical components .......................................................................... 16

5 GT Normal Operation ....................................................................................... 16

5.1 Ready to start conditions .............................................................................. 17

5.1.1 One GT UAT out of service ............................................................................ 19

5.1.2 Two UATs out of service ................................................................................ 24

5.1.3 One GSUT out of service................................................................................ 33

5.1.4 One GT out of service .................................................................................... 39

5.1.5 Two GTs out of service .................................................................................. 48

5.1.6 One LCI or LCI transformer out of service....................................................... 56

5.1.7 Ready to start from diesel operation .............................................................. 58

5.2 Normal Start-up ............................................................................................. 63

5.2.1 One GT UAT out of service ............................................................................ 64

5.2.2 Two UATs out of service ................................................................................ 64

5.2.3 One GSUT out of service................................................................................ 65

5.2.4 One GT out of service .................................................................................... 66

ABENER Revision: Date: Page:

5.2.5 Two GTs out of service .................................................................................. 67

5.2.6 One LCI or LCI transformer out of service....................................................... 67

5.3 Ready to synchronize .................................................................................... 67

5.3.1 One GT UAT is out of service ......................................................................... 69

5.3.2 Two UATs out of service ................................................................................ 71

5.3.3 One GT out of service .................................................................................... 77

5.3.4 Two GTs out of service .................................................................................. 82

5.3.5 One GSUT is out of service ............................................................................ 87

5.3.6 Preferred synchronization points .................................................................... 90

5.4 Load Operation .............................................................................................. 90

5.5 Full speed no load operation (FSNL) ............................................................ 91

5.6 House load operation (HL) ............................................................................ 92

5.6.1 Normal HL ..................................................................................................... 95

5.6.2 One GT out of service .................................................................................... 98

5.6.3 Two GTs out of service ................................................................................ 110

5.6.4 One GT UAT out of service .......................................................................... 119

5.6.5 Two UATs out of service .............................................................................. 131

5.6.6 One GSUT out of service.............................................................................. 143

5.6.7 Partial House load operation during combined cycle..................................... 149

5.6.8 Open cycle House Load operation ................................................................ 150

ABENER Revision: Date: Page:

5.7 Normal shut-down ...................................................................................... 157

5.8 Stop .............................................................................................................. 157

5.8.1 Stop from Shut-down from HL .................................................................... 158

5.9 Shut-down from house load....................................................................... 159

5.9.1 One machine house load ............................................................................. 160

5.9.2 Two-machine house load............................................................................. 166

5.10 Ready to black-start .................................................................................. 172

5.11 Black-start .................................................................................................. 174

5.11.1 Black-start with GT12 .................................................................................. 175

5.11.2 Black-start with GT13 .................................................................................. 180