Blood

 Red blood cells and platelets are the most numerous.

 Of the leukocytes, neutrophils are the most numerous

 Lymphocytes are the predominant cell type responsible for immune responses.

 Steps in Blood Clotting:

 platelets clump

 platelets release thromboblastin.

 thromboblastin
produces thrombin.

 thrombin converts
fibrinogen into fibrin.

 fibrin causes a clot.

 Blood vessel is injured.

 Platelets clump at the

site and produce a
substance that produces strands
of fibrin.

 Fibrin strands help

to clog the opening
or hole in the vessel.

Blood Types

 ABO Blood Groups:

 Red blood cell membranes may

contain antigens – a substance
that triggers an immune response
in blood that does not contain the
same antigen.

 Blood plasma may contain antibodies, specialized proteins that bind to

non-self antigens to destroy them.
  It is important to prevent the mixing
of red cells that contain an antigen with plasma that contains the corresponding antibody.

gens

Blood Transfusion

 The process of transferring blood or blood-based products from one person into
the circulatory system of another

 For blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or severe anemia

 Can be life-saving

What Happens When Mixing Wrong Blood Type

 Antibodies in blood will attack the foreign blood.

 They will cause the blood cells to clump…. agglutination.

 Will stop the

blood from
moving.

 Circulatory
system
shuts down

Circulatory System Disorders

Heart Disease
 Risk factors

 Older age

 Male gender

 Cigarette smoking

 High cholesterol

 Diabetes

 Stress

 Obesity

 Heredity

 Physical inactivity 

 High blood pressure  

Atherosclerosis

 Starts with damage or injury to the inner layer of an artery

 Fatty deposits called plaque

build up in the arteries

 This causes:

 Blockage
in artery

 Less
flexible
vessels

 High
Blood
Pressure

Hypertension

 High Blood Pressure

 Makes the heart and blood vessels work harder

 Increases the chance of heart disease, heart attack or stroke

 Heart Attack

 acute myocardial infarction

 Interruption of oxygen
supply to the heart

 Causes death of
the heart muscle

 Leading cause of
death in both men
and women