PROPERTIES OF GASES ASSUMPTION 3

GAS - Gas particles are elastic.

- have neither a definite size nor definite shape. ASSUMPTION 4
- gases take the shape of its container - Gas particles are far apart.
PROPERTIES OF GASES ASSUMPTION 5
COMPRESSIBILITY - Gas particles have negligible volume.
- gases are easy to compress ASSUMPTION 6
EXPANDABILITY - the average kinetic energy of gas particles is
- unlike solid and liquid, gases expand to fill their proportional to temperature
containers LAWS
OCCUPY MORE SPACE BOYLE'S LAW
- gases occupy more space rather than liquid or soild - ROBERT BOYLE
LOW DENSITY -states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely
- because their particles are very far from each other proportional to each other, provided that the temperature
CAN FLOW IN ALL DIRECTIONS and the amount of gas remain constant.
COLORLESS - V1•P1= V2•P2
- ex., oxygen, nitrogen, and methane CHARLES LAW
PROPERTIES OF GASES THAT CAN BE - JACQUES CHARLES
MEASURED - states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to
1. MASS its absolute temperature, assuming the quantity of gas and
- amount of gas or its mass. pressure remain constant.
- moles (mol) or Grams (g) - V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
2. VOLUME GAY-LUSSAC'S LAW 
- amount of space occupied by the gases. - JOSEPH LOUIS GAY-LUSSAC
- Liter (L) and milliliter (ml) - states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies
3. TEMPERATURE directly with the absolute temperature of the gas, when
- the hotness or coldness of an object the volume is kept constant.
- Celcius (°C) or Kelvin (K) - P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
4. PRESSURE AVOGADRO'S LAW
- the average effect of the forces of the colliding -AMEDEO AVOGADRO
molecules. - Equal volumes of all gases kept at the same pressure
- Atmosphere, torr, psi, cmHg or mmHg and temperature, contain the same number molecules.
CONVERSION OF UNITS - The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the
VOLUME number of moles of gas present at a given temperature
1ml = 1cm3 and pressure.
1L = 1dm3 - V1 / n1 = V2 / n2
1m3 = 1000L IDEAL GAS LAW
PRESSURE - is the equation of state of an ideal gas that relates
1atm = 760mmHg = 76 cmHg = 760torr = 101325Pa = pressure, volume, quantity of gas, and absolute
14.6956psi temperature. Although it applies to ideal gases, it
TEMPERATURE approximates the behavior of many real gases.
0°C = 273.15K - PV = nRT
0°C = 32°F - P = pressure, V = volume, n = number of moles of gas,
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY R = ideal gas constant, T = absolute temperature
- is a model that explains the behavior of ideal gases - R is a constant that converts the units. Its value is
based on the motion of their molecules. 0.0821 atm.L / mol.K
- It is based on a set of assumptions that help us - P = nRT / V
understand how gas particles move and interact with each - V = nRT / P
other. - n = PV / RT
ASSUMPTIONS OF THE KINETIC MOLECULAR - T = PV / nR
THEORY - R = PV / nT
ASSUMPTION 1 COMBINED GAS LAW
- Gases are made up of tiny particles. - The ratio of pressure and volume to the absolute
ASSUMPTION 2 temperature of a gas is a constant.
- Gas particles are in constant motion. - PV / T = k
Types of Chemical Reactions CHEMICAL REACTION
Synthesis - A process that occurs when matter undergoes change in
- The get-together composition.
- Two or more chemicals bond together forming one new - A process in which one or more substances are
substance. converted to one or more different substances.
2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl DIFFERENT TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS 
Decomposition - combustion
- The break-up - rust
- One substance breaks down into two or more separate - -digestion
substances. - photosynthesis
AB → A + B - batteries
2H₂O₂ → 2H2O + O₂ - fermentation
Single Replacement - washing
- The cheater - baking
- One element is substituted for another element in a REACTANTS VS PRODUCTS
compound. REACTANTS
AB + X → AX + B The substances which take part in a chemical reaction.
2HCI + Zn → ZnCl2 + H2 PRODUCTS
Double Replacement The new substances formed during a chemical reaction.
- The swap WHAT IS A CHEMICAL EQUATION?
- Two compounds switch ions with each other. A chemical equation is a written representation of a
AB + XY → AX + BY chemical reaction.
BaCl2 + Na2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl List reactants on the left side of the reaction arrow and
Combustion products on the right side.
- Everyone loves O₂
- A compound burns in oxygen gas.
- All Combustion must have a hydrocarbon and 02 as
reactants.
CH4+2O2 → CO2 + 2H₂O