Grade 12 Philosophy reviewer Cheat Sheet

by Dementia306 via cheatography.com/163591/cs/34934/

Philosophy Branches of Philosophy

-philos(love)
-Sophia(wisdom) Metaphysics about human reality like the origin and existence
-Love of wisdom
Episte‐ nature of the human knowledege and how to
mology obtain it

Nature of Philosophy Ethics moral questions and dillemas

Aesthetics establish the criteria of beauty

Always in the quest for an explanation
Logic deals with correct reasoning
Key Interrogative words
-What Need for philosophizing
-Why
-How Aristotle All men desire to know
Plato to quench his sense of wonder
Types of Search
Rene Descartes to doubt
merely asking
Socrates the start of wisdom is docta ignorantia
intense search for deeper meaning
Karl Jaspers because of experience

Origin of Philosophy docta ignorantia

-limitation of human knowledge

Miletus, Greece the birthplace of philosophy in the west Socrates

Thales of Miletus first philosopher in the west
-died for the truth
Thales asked "What is the ultimate stuff of the universe" -was accused of corrupting the citizens of Athens
Answer he found: Water

Philosophical activity Types of Thinking

widest generaliz‐ Holistic conclusions are made without looking at all sides
Philosophers talk about the truth, the Perspective of the problem
ations
good, the just, the beautiful, and the
Partial Point oflooking at all aspects of the situation and then Viewmaking a conclus
existence of practically all things
fundamentals knowledge wont make sense without philos‐ ophical ideas like consciousness and
existence
Reflection

desire to integratefind the One in the many things into one requires a person to be willing to examine one's thoughts, feelings, and actions a
coherent whole

Philosophical Reflection

- When a person conducts in a philosophical reflection, he is able to judge whether

not by thinking of deeper questions and reflecting on the situation.

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 Grade 12 Philosophy reviewer Cheat Sheet
by Dementia306 via cheatography.com/163591/cs/34934/

Steps in Philosophical Reflection Fallacies

Learning from past mistakes and not repeaating them Ad hominem attacking the person not the argument
Evaluating the best options from the options Ad baculum appeal by force
Have a holistic point of view before making conclusion Ad misericordiam appeal by using pity and emotion

Ad populum bandwagon, acceptable because many are

Theories of Truth accepting it
Correspon‐concepts are true when they correspond to the dence Theoryreality Ad
of the world.
Antiquitatem acceptable because it has been true for a long
of Truth
time

Petitio Principii begging the question

Coherenceideas are inter-related system Theory of Truth
Fallacy of combining words instead of taking them
Composition seperately
Pragmatic A pragmatist can consider something to be true Fallacy of assuming that if its true for the whole is also true
Theory of Truthwithout needing to confirm that it is universally division for each parts
true.
Ad verecundiam appeal by shame

Tips in Evaluating Opinions Dicto Simpliciter argument based on unqualified generalization

Concepts in Method of Philosophizing

Source knowing the origin of the information
Reliability reputation and credibility of the person Facts something that can be verified as true
Purpose reason for the opinion Opinion subjective
Assumption once accepts as fuct but no effort to prove it Beliefs statements with conviction that are not easily
Methods of Philosophizing explained by facts

Explan‐ statements that assume the claim to be true and

Methodic any claim that can be doubted is not believable
ation provide reasons
Doubt
Conclusion judgement based on facts
Socratic teacher-student, one ask question, one answers
Fallacies arguments based on faulty reasoning
Method
Arguments provides reasons to convince reader or listener for a
Dialectic exchange of logical arguments
claim to be true
Scientific gaining conclusion from scientific experiments,
Bias disaproportionate weight in favor or against something.
methods etc
Can be both positive and negative.
Historical based on trying to understand past human affairs

By Dementia306
Published 27th October, 2022. Sponsored by Readable.com
Last updated 22nd January, Measure your website
2023. Page 2 of 2. readability! https://readable.com
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