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BOOK 02 Answers Final
BOOK 02 Answers Final
Primary Mathematics Book 2
Answers
Topic 1 Getting Ready
Looking Back
a) Triangle
b) Circle
Looking Back
a) True
b) False
c) False
d) True
1 a) 3+2=5
b) 4+4=8
c) 8+1=9
Page 5
4
Oranges – 1 more to make 10
There were 9 oranges in the basket and one on the floor. How many oranges altogether?
Strawberries – 3 more to make 10
The store had 7 strawberries in a basket to sell. I need 10 to make a strawberry cake. How many
more do I need to buy?
Pineapples – 5 more to make 10
There were only 5 pineapples in the basket because Paul bought 5 before I arrived. How many
pineapples were there before I arrived?
Green apples – 4 more to make 10
If the store had 10 apples, but there are only 6 apples left, how many apples have been sold?
Bananas – 2 more to make 10
There are 8 bananas in our fruit basket at home. If Mom bought 10, how many did my sister eat for
lunch?
Looking Back
1 a) 2
b) 5
c) 3
2 7, 6, 2
Page 6
Talking Mathematics
1 a) triangle
b)
Quick Check
1 Set A: 2 + 7 as it does not equal 8.
Set B: 2 + 2 as it does not equal 3.
Set C: 9 – 3 as it does not equal 5.
2 a) 4, 4
b) 2, 1
c) 10, 5
3 6 + 1, 1 + 6, 5 + 2, 2 + 5, 4 + 3, 3 + 4, 8 – 1, 9 – 2
4 Student’s drawing of a rectangle
Rectangle
Topic 2 Patterns
1 a), b), d)
Page 9
2 9, 12, 14, 15, 18, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30
3 a) 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 – ascending
b) 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18 – descending
c) 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 – ascending
d) 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 – ascending
e) 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13 – descending
4 Possible examples:
31, 41, 51, 61
70, 60, 50, 40
35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70
32, 34, 36, 38, 40
49, 47, 45, 43, 41
Page 11
3 a) 10 + 1 = 11
b) 8 + 3 = 11
c) 6 + 5 = 11
d) 10 + 2 = 12
e) 7 + 5 = 12
f) 3 + 9 = 12
g) 11 – 1 = 10
h) 12 – 5 = 7
i) 11 – 8 = 3
4 a) True
b) False
c) False
d) False
e) True
f) True
5 12 – 7 = 5
She needs 5 more buttons.
6 11 – 4 = 7
7 kites had been sold.
Looking Back
1 a) 4+4=8
b) 4+5=9
c) 6 + 6 = 12
d) 6+3=9
e) 5 + 5 = 10
f) 4 + 6 = 10
Page 12
Talking Mathematics
Pattern – elements that are arranged in a set way
Descending – in order from greatest to smallest
Fact family – a set of related additions and subtractions
Horizontal – in a row
Repeating – appearing over and over
Quick Check
1 a) Student’s drawing
b) Student’s drawing
c) Possible example: 56 56 56
2 3, 6, 10, 19, 25
3 27, 22, 19, 17, 13
4 Descending skip-counting by 2s
5 7 + 11 = 18, 11 + 7 = 18, 18 – 7 = 11, 18 – 11 = 7
6 a) 39 (40 – 1)
b) 30 (35 – 5)
c) 60 (50 + 10)
7 15 – 7 = 8
There are 8 crayons left in the box.
Unit 1 Skip-Counting
Page 14
Let’s Think …
Skip-count the socks by 2s.
Skip-count the sandals by 2s.
Skip-count the 10₵ coins by 10s.
Skip-count the candles on each cake by 5s.
It is quicker and easier to skip-count than to count each individual item.
Looking Back
a) 18, 20
b) 86, 96
c) 35, 30
d) 57, 47
e) 39, 41
Page 17
2 a) 127
b) 188
c) 200
d) 201
3 a) 144
b) 187
c) 119
d) 149
4 a) 140
b) 200
Looking Back
a) 126
b) 190
c) 240
d) 300
Page 19
1 a) 31, 29, 27, 33, 45
b) 22, 50, 32
2 a) odd
b) even
c) even
d) even
e) odd
f) odd
g) odd
h) even
3 a) The odd numbered houses are on the one side of the road and the even numbered houses
are on the other side.
b) 35, 36
c) 40, 41. The one side is even numbers and the other side is odd numbers. (Skip-counting by
2s on each side, starting with different numbers.)
Looking Back
1 43, 21, 19, 45, 99
Page 20
Talking Mathematics
a) 135
b) Skip-count by 5s
c) Odd numbers
d) It can divided into pairs and there are none left over.
Quick Check
1 a) 14
b) 18
c) 45
d) 10
e) 44
f) 15
2 a) 88
b) 121
c) 190
3 50, 66, 84, 93, 110
Page 23
3 a) Junkanoo, Eleuthera Pineapple Fest, Christmas.
b) Junkanoo is in May, Eleuthera Pineapple Fest is in June, Christmas is in December.
Looking Back
a) 1 December – 28 February
b) 3 months
c) No
Page 25
Looking Back
a) Friday
b) Saturday
c) Thursday
d) Tuesday
Looking Back
a) 24 hours = 1 day
Page 28
Talking Mathematics
A period of 12 months – Year
The third day of the week – Tuesday
24 hours – Day
7 days – Week
The tenth month – October
A diagram showing the days, dates and months – Calendar
Quick Check
1 a) March
b) Five
c) Wednesday
d) February
e) 29 February
f) Four
2 165
3 7 + 7, 5 + 9
Page 29
Getting Started
1 Count the packets
2 223
3 500
Unit 1 Counting
Page 30
1 a) a – 128, b – 132, c – 141, d – 147, e – 165, f – 179, g – 187, h – 194
b) 125, 135, 145, 155, 165, 175, 185, 195. Skip-counting by 10s ascending from 125.
c) 200, 190, 180, 170, 160, 150, 140, 130. Skip-counting by 10s descending from 200.
Looking Back
201
1 a) 4
b) 8
c) 14
2 a) $2.00
b) $6.00
c) $14.00
d) $18.00
3 $10.00 + $10.00 = $20.00
Destiny now has $20.00
4 a) 6 + 6 = 12
Mike has 12 marbles.
b) 12 + 6 = 18
Together they have 18 marbles.
5 9 + 9 = 18
Lucy threaded 18 beads.
Page 32
1 a) 10 + 1 = 11
b) 14 + 1 = 15
c) 12 + 1 = 13
d) 16 + 2 = 18
e) 18 + 1 = 19
f) 20 + 2 = 22
2 a) 8 + 2 = 10
b) 12 – 1 = 11
c) 18 + 2 = 20
d) 16 – 1 = 15
e) 12 + 1 = 13
f) 10 – 1 = 9
3 a) 8–4=4
b) 11 – 5 = 6
c) 12 – 6 = 6
d) 17 – 9 = 8
Looking Back
9 + 1 = 10 + 9 = 19
Page 34
3 a) 15 – 1 = 14
b) 15 – 5 = 10
c) 15 – 8 = 7
d) 3 + 12 = 15
e) 6 + 9 = 15
f) 15 – 2 = 13 2 + 13 = 15
g) 15 – 8 = 7 8 + 7 = 15
h) 4 + 11 = 15 15 – 4 = 11
i) 9 + 6 = 15 15 – 9 = 6
j) 0 + 15 = 15 15 – 15 = 0
4 a) 3+5=8 5+3=8 8–3=5 8–5=3
b) 8 + 5 = 13 5 + 8 = 13 13 – 8 = 5 13 – 5 = 8
c) 8 + 3 = 11 3 + 8 = 11 11 – 8 = 3 11 – 3 = 8
d) 7 + 4 = 11 4 + 7 = 11 11 – 4 = 7 11 – 7 = 4
e) 9 + 5 = 14 5 + 9 = 14 14 – 9 = 5 14 – 5 = 9
f) 5 + 10 = 15 10 + 5 = 15 15 – 10 = 5 15 – 5 = 10
5 9 + 12 = 21 21 – 12 = 9 21 – 9 = 12
Looking Back
a) 12 + 7 = 19
b) 16 + 4 = 20
c) 19 + 1 = 20
d) 12 + 8 = 20
e) 8 + 9 = 17
Page 36
Talking Mathematics
234 is smaller than 243
You look at the numbers in the hundreds, then tens, and then ones and see whether the digits are bigger or
smaller than the number you want to compare it to.
Quick Check
1 a) 200, 201, 202
b) 202, 201, 200
c) 248, 250, 251
2 a) 146
b) 223
c) 251
d) 301
3 a) 205
b) 329
c) 200
d) 299
4 a) 240
b) 300
5 5 + 14 = 19 19 – 5 = 14 19 – 14 = 5
6 13 + 4 = 17
15 + 2 = 17
11 + 6 = 17
Topic 6 Temperature
1 a) hot
b) cold
c) cold
d) hot
Page 39
2 The boiling water in the pot is hotter than the cup of tea as there is a lot more steam coming from it.
3 The salad is cooler than the burger as burgers are served warm.
Looking Back
1 Ice-cream stays solid in a freezer. Warmer temperatures make it melt.
2 Cold water in summer cools you down while a warm drink in winter warms you up.
Page 41
2 a) Thermometer a)
b) Thermometer b)
c) Inside a fridge or cool room
3 a) The chart shows the average temperature expected per month.
b) August
c) January
d) May and October
e) 88 degrees Fahrenheit
Looking Back
Student’s drawing of a temperature graph showing that it is hotter at midday than in the morning or evening.
Page 42
Talking Mathematics
Student’s drawings showing hot and cold temperatures.
Quick Check
1 a) A
b) B
c) D
2 210°F, 201°F, 190°F, 154°F, 145°F, 109°F
3 23 – 11 = 12
4 7 + 18 = 25
Page 43
Getting Started
1 a) 137
b) 210
c) 201
d) 110
e) 500
2 a) 9 greens
b) a blue and 9 greens
c) a blue and 9 yellows
d) 4 blues, 2 greens and 5 yellows
1 a) 45
b) 62
c) 89
2 a) 6
b) 7
c) 2
d) 3
3 a) 8 ones
b) 9 tens
c) 8 tens
d) 9 ones
4 a) 43 = 40 + 3
b) 29 = 20 + 9
c) 52 = 50 + 2
Looking Back
a) 24, 27, 28, 42, 47, 48, 72, 74, 78, 82, 84, 87
b) Same answer as a)
Looking Back
a) 30 + 7 = 37
b) 30 + 70 = 100
c) 23 + 40 = 63
d) 45 + 10 = 55
Page 47
1 a) 122
b) 125
c) 150
d) 163
e) 144
f) 108
2 a) 200 / 2 hundreds
b) 1 / 1 one
c) 600 / 6 hundreds
d) 0 / no tens
3 a) 3
b) 5
c) 7
d) 1
4 a) 4
b) 6
c) 0
d) 3
Page 48
1 a) 314
b) 258
c) 297
d) 420
e) 509
f) 308
2 a) 369 = 300 + 60 + 9
b) 521 = 500 + 20 + 1
c) 209 = 200 + 0 + 9
d) 862 = 800 + 60 + 2
e) 420 = 400 + 20 + 0
f) 999 = 900 + 90 + 9
3 a) 85
b) 635
c) 403
d) 47
e) 212
f) 916
g) 15
h) 111
i) 777
j) 640
4 500 = 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100
275 = 100 + 100 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
405 = 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
266 = 100 + 100 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
410 = 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 10
Page 49
1 a) 111, 115, 119, 126, 131
b) 136, 163, 316, 613, 631
2 a) 181, 171, 161, 151, 141
b) 543, 534, 453, 435, 354, 345
3 a) 135 = 100 + 30 + 5
b) 543 = 500 + 40 + 3
Looking Back
a) 962
b) 269, 296
Page 50
Quick Check
1 305, 341, 345, 353, 435
2 a) 443
b) 206
3 a) 300 / 3 hundreds
b) 3 / 3 ones
c) 300 / 3 hundreds
d) 0 / 0 tens
4 a) 125 = 100 + 20 + 5
b) 99 = 90 + 9
c) 390 = 300 + 90 + 0
d) 407 = 400 + 0 + 7
5 125 + 30 = 155
6 70 + 50 = 120
2 tens, 1 hundred
7 a) 250, 260, 270
b) 400, 300, 200
c) 409, 509, 609
d) 635, 535, 435
8 365 days in a year
300 + 60 + 5
Topic 8 Position
Page 51
Getting Started
1 He is wearing a blue running outfit.
2 The third and fourth runners were closest together at the end.
3 The fourth runner in the orange running outfit
4 Tenth position
1 a) A rat/mouse
b) No
c) A starfish
d) Eighth position
e) Fourth position
f) A beetle
g) Yes
h) A lizard
i) Yes
j) Sixth position (6th)
2 11 , 12 , 13th, 14th
th th
Looking Back
a) 9th position
b) 14th position
Page 56
1 a) Straw market
b) Keith’s home
c) School
Page 57
2 a) Go 4 blocks right and 1 block up. OR Go 1 block up and 4 blocks right.
b) Go 3 blocks up and 6 blocks right. OR Go 6 blocks right and 3 blocks up.
c) Go 6 blocks up and 7 blocks right. OR Go 7 blocks right and 6 blocks up.
3 Go 3 blocks down.
Looking Back
1 a) Orange flower
b) Purple flower
c) Orange flower
Page 58
Quick Check
1 a) Blue
b) Green
c) Purple
d) Yellow
2 Rectangle and hexagon
3 a) The ‘x’ or multiplication shape
b) Square
c) Multiplication shape
4 Answers will vary depending on the year and date.
5 a) 20 + 10 = 30
b) 100 + 10 = 110
c) 212 + 10 = 222
d) 435 + 10 = 445
6 a) 9 + 11 = 20
b) 5 + 15 = 20
c) 20 – 13 = 7
d) 20 – 8 = 12
Page 62
6 a) $60.00
b) $90.00
c) $80.00
Looking Back
1 a) One $50 bill
b) One $5, one $2 and one $1 bills
c) Two $100, one $20 and one $5 bills
d) One $50, one $20 and one $10 bills
2 You can tell where coins and bills come from by looking at the pictures and symbols on them.
3 It has the US emblem on it.
1 99₵ – if you add one more cent to this amount it will become a dollar and will no longer be cents.
2 a) One dollar twenty-five cents
b) Three dollars fifty cents
c) Fifteen dollars
d) Eight dollars seventy-five cents
e) Twelve dollars sixty-six cents
f) Ten dollars ninety-nine cents
3 $1.25, $3.50, $8.75, $10.99, $12.66, $15.00
4 a) Yes
b) No
c) No
d) Yes
e) No
Page 64
5 a) $1.15
b) $3.25
c) $2.50
d) $1.53
e) $1.17
f) $1.61
6 a) $3.85
b) $1.75
c) $2.50
d) $3.47
e) $3.83
f) $3.39
Looking Back
1 $3.99 = $1 + $2 + 50₵ + 25₵ + two 10₵ + four 1₵
1 a) 22
b) 35
c) 26
d) 38
2 a) 25₵
b) 53₵
c) 51₵
d) 69₵
3 45₵ – 10₵ = 35₵
Zara has 35₵ left.
4 54₵ + 10₵ = 64₵
Josh now has 64₵.
Page 66
1 a) 57
b) 89
c) 76
d) 32
e) 45
f) 82
2 a) 82
b) 79
c) 69
d) 64
e) 52
f) 38
Page 67
3 a) 9₵ + 9₵ = 18₵
b) 22₵ + 22₵ = 44₵
c) 25₵ + 25₵ = 50₵
Looking Back
1 a) 53₵
b) 99₵
c) 63₵
d) $1.00
2 a) 33₵
b) 79₵
c) 43₵
d) 80₵
3 a) 73₵ + 26₵ = 99₵
b) $1.00 – $0.99 = $0.01
Page 68
Talking Mathematics
50₵
$10.00
Change
Dollar sign
Price
Quick Check
1 $1.90
2 50₵ + 25₵ + 10₵ + 1₵ + 1₵ + 1₵
3 Mike has $8.00 and the bicycle costs $80.00. He will need $72.00 more to be able to pay for the
bicycle.
4 62₵ + 34₵ = 96₵
5 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220,
230 = $2.30
6 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 = $35.00
7 Answers will vary.
8 A nickel = 5 cents. Quarter dollar = 25 cents. Four nickels is the same as a quarter dollar.
Page 71
3 a) B, D, E, H are squares.
b) A, C, F, G are rectangles.
c) A rectangle has 2 short sides and 2 long sides, with the corners the same distance away
from each other along opposite sides.
4 Student’s drawing of the repeating pattern
Looking Back
1 a) Circle
b) Rectangle and square
c) Triangle
2 Yes
1 a) Triangles
b) Blue shapes
c) Triangles that are blue
d) They are neither triangles nor blue.
e) A – in the overlapping part
B – In the left-hand circle
C – in the right-hand circle
D – in the left-hand circle
E – outside of the circles
Page 73
2 a) Shape A as it has no sides or corners.
b) All except for K
c) Possible answer:
Looking Back
a) This is not a rectangle because the sides are slanted.
b) This is not a square because all 4 sides are not equal in length.
Page 74
Quick Check
1 385
2 a) 528
b) 530
3 a) 17 + 2 = 19
b) 23 + 10 = 33
c) 40 + 50 = 90
4 40 + 10 = 50
2+7=9
50 + 9 = 59
5 a) 4 corners
b) 3 corners
c) 0 corners
6 a) 4 triangles
b) 6 circles
c) 9 squares
Page 75
Getting Started
1 a) 40 + 20 = 60
6 + 5 = 11
60 + 11 = 71
b) 10 + 50 = 60
8 + 2 = 10
60 + 10 = 70
c) 30 + 30 = 60
5 + 9 = 14
60 + 14 = 74
1 a) 20 + 3
20 + 4
40 + 7
= 47
b) 30 + 2
20 + 6
50 + 8
= 58
c) 10 + 9
30 + 0
40 + 9
= 49
d) 30 + 6
40 + 2
70 + 8
= 78
e) 10 + 6
60 + 3
70 + 9
= 79
f) 40 + 5
50 + 4
90 + 9
= 99
g) 80 + 1
10 + 4
90 + 5
= 95
h) 70 + 3
20 + 4
90 + 7
= 97
i) 50 + 6
30 + 2
Page 77
4 a) 40 + 6
30 + 5
70 + 11
70 + 10 + 1
= 81
b) 30 + 9
20 + 2
50 + 11
50 + 10 + 1
= 61
c) 30 + 7
0+8
30 + 15
30 + 10 + 5
= 45
d) 30 + 8
10 + 6
40 + 14
40 + 10 + 4
= 54
e) 40 + 9
20 + 6
60 + 15
60 + 10 + 5
= 75
f) 30 + 5
40 + 5
70 + 10
= 80
Looking Back
a) 65
b) 62
c) 91
d) 97
1 a) 28
b) 44
c) 46
d) 37
2 a) 42
b) 13
c) 23
d) 13
e) 22
f) 33
Page 79
3 a) 40 + 4 = 30 + 14
b) 30 + 2 = 20 + 12
c) 50 + 5 = 40 + 15
d) 20 + 7 = 10 + 17
e) 40 + 0 = 30 + 10
f) 70 + 0 = 60 + 10
4 a) 43 – 24
40 + 3 30 + 13
– 20 + 4 – 20 + 4
10 + 9 = 19
b) 83 – 17
80 + 3 70 + 13
– 10 + 7 – 10 + 7
60 + 6 = 66
c) 34 – 16
30 + 4 20 + 14
– 10 + 6 – 10 + 6
10 + 8 = 18
d) 74 – 25
70 + 4 60 + 14
– 20 + 5 – 20 + 5
40 + 9 = 49
e) 50 – 23
50 + 0 40 + 10
– 20 + 3 – 20 + 3
20 + 7 = 27
f) 71 – 23
70 + 1 60 + 11
– 20 + 3 – 20 + 3
40 + 8 = 48
5 60 – 37
60 + 0 50 + 10
– 30 + 7 – 30 + 7
20 + 3 = 23
There are 23 boys.
6 64 – 48
60 + 4 50 + 14
– 40 + 8 – 40 + 8
10 + 6 = 16
Sharon read 16 more pages.
Looking Back
a) 50 – 30 = 20
Page 80
Talking Mathematics
Picture 1 – Adding tens and ones
Picture 2 – Making a ten
Picture 3 – Subtracting 35 from 66
Picture 4 – Regrouping
Quick Check
1 a) 4
b) 9
c) 3
d) 8
2 a) 12 + 34
10 + 2
30 + 4
= 40 + 6
= 46
b) 50 + 43
50 + 0
40 + 3
= 90 + 3
= 93
c) 42 + 58
40 + 2
50 + 8
= 90 + 10
= 100
d) 19 + 23
10 + 9
20 + 3
= 30 + 12
= 42
3 a) 30 – 20
30 + 0
Unit 1 Estimating
Page 82
1 a) The first group and the second group both have 16 shells. The last group has 14 shells.
b) 16 pink shells
c) 16 green shells. There are fewer yellow shells (14).
2 The first group has the most faces. You could check this by counting how many faces there are in
each group.
Page 83
1 a) 29 + 51
30 + 50 = 80
b) 64 + 12
60 + 10 = 70
c) 46 + 37
50 + 40 = 90
d) 17 + 79
20 + 80 = 100
e) 82 – 49
80 – 50 = 30
f) 64 – 19
60 – 20 = 40
g) 77 – 53
80 – 50 = 30
h) 38 – 24
40 – 20 = 20
2 b)
3 c)
Page 84
Quick Check
1 a) No
b) Yes
c) Yes
d) No
2 a) 3m
b) 4m
c) 2m
d) 3m
e) 5m
3 a) 27 + 53 = 30 + 50 = 80
20 + 7
50 + 3
70 + 10 = 80
b) 19 + 54 = 20 + 50 = 70
10 + 9
50 + 4
60 + 13 = 73
c) 82 + 8 = 80 + 10 = 90
80 + 2
0+8
80 + 10 = 90
d) 12 + 43 = 10 + 40 = 50
10 + 2
40 + 3
50 + 5 = 55
e) 75 + 27 = 80 + 30 = 110
70 + 5
20 + 7
90 + 12 = 102
f) 36 + 29 = 40 + 30 = 70
30 + 6
20 + 9
50 + 15 = 65
g) 43 – 21 = 40 – 20 = 20
40 + 3
– 20 + 1
20 + 2 = 22
h) 55 – 42 = 60 – 40 = 20
50 + 5
Page 89
Talking Mathematics
Step 1 – Read the problem carefully.
Step 2 – List the information given, highlighting the important words and numbers.
Step 3 – Decide what you have to do.
Step 4 – Choose a strategy and write a number sentence.
Quick Check
1 9 toffees
2 12 people and 2 dogs
3 $1.95
4 Yes
5 $6.05
6 Nick is 10 years old and James is 8 years old.
7 7 days – week
365 days – year
12 months – leap year
24 hours – day
8 a) Counting in 10s in descending order, starting at 380.
b) 330, 320, 310, 300, 290
c) Coins
Page 90
Getting Started
1 a) Instead of writing names you could draw a picture to represent each person.
b) Use bars to represent each month and how many birthdays in each month.
2 There were four students for each month shown.
3 a) 4
b) 4
4 The same amount of birthdays in April and May.
Page 92
1 a) Column B
b) Column D
c) 5 purple blocks
d) Column B
e) Column A
f) Columns A and D
g) Concrete graph
2 a) Pictograph
b) It shows you what the children in the class (girls and boys) had for lunch.
c) Only one boy had fruit so fruit is not a popular lunch item for boys in that class.
d) Girls
e) 3 more boys than girls like juice.
f) Favourite Lunch Choices
Looking Back
A concrete graph uses real items to show the information whereas a pictograph uses symbols to show the
information.
1 Student’s drawing using the information in Let’s Think … to create a bar graph.
Page 94
2 a) pink and blue
b) 9 + 7 + 7 + 6 = 29
There are 29 students in the class.
c) 29 – 15 = 14
There are 14 boys in the class.
d) 9–5=4
4 boys chose silver as their favourite colour.
e) 3+3=6
3 girls and 3 boys chose red.
f) Bar graph
g) Favourite Colours
Looking Back
a) Graph C
b) The graphs for A and B do not show the correct numbers of hours watched.
1 Nat – 6; Lily – 3
2 a) 140 and 120
b) 140 – 100 = 40
Looking Back
a) 45
b) 48 – 39 = 9
Page 96
Talking Mathematics
Concrete graph – a graph made out of real objects
Bar graph – a graph with a scale and bars of different lengths
Range – the highest value minus the lowest value
Mode – the most popular item in a set
Topic 15 Fractions
Page 97
Getting Started
1 Orange and avocado pear.
The other fruits are not cut in half as the two pieces they are cut into are not equal in size.
2 a) 4 equal parts.
b) 3 equal parts.
c) 2 equal parts.
d) 10 equal parts.
Page 99
2 a)
b)
c) or
d) or
3 a) 6 fruits each
b) Each person would get 4 fruits.
c) 12 people
4 a) 6 fish
b)
Looking Back
a) Light green –
Orange –
Purple –
b) Purple –
Red –
Green –
Light green –
c) Purple –
Light green –
Red –
Green –
Page 102
Quick Check
1 a) 4
b) 2
c) 1
Unit 2 Estimating
Page 105
Let’s Think …
It is a good idea to estimate lengths before you measure so that you know what means of measurement to
use – centimetres or metres.
1 a) 5 cm
b) 8 cm
c) 10 cm
d) 4 cm
e) 2 cm
Page 106
2 Ladybug: estimate – 5 cm; measurement – 5 cm
Lizard: estimate – 10 cm; measurement – 8 cm
Unit 3 Decimetres
Let’s Think …
50 cm
1
4
Ten
Page 108
Talking Mathematics
D Estimate the length before you measure.
B Use a tape measure marked in centimetres and metres.
E Start measuring from the 0 mark on the tape measure.
A Record your measurement.
C Remember to write the units.
Quick Check
1 a) Estimate – 10 cm; measurement – 9.5 cm
b) Estimate – 4 cm; measurement – 3.5 cm
c) Estimate – 2 cm; measurement – 2 cm
a) is about 1 dm long
Page 109
Getting Started
1 412, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426, 428, 430, 432, 434, 436, 438, 440, 442, 444, 446, 448, 450.
2 468
3 477
4 456
5 500
6 Skip-counting in 2s starting with 405 OR counting in odd numbers, starting at 405
1 a) 12 is greater than 5
b) 123 is less than 125
c) 188 is greater than 88
d) 13 is less than 16
e) 456 is greater than 446
f) 900 is less than 999
2 a) Correct
b) Correct
c) Incorrect
d) Incorrect
e) Incorrect
f) Correct
g) Correct
h) Incorrect
i) Incorrect
Looking Back
a) 17 is less than 19, 19 is greater than 17
b) 200 is less than 300, 300 is greater than 200
c) 876 is greater than 867, 867 is less than 876
d) 900 is less than 999, 999 is greater than 900
You can read the statements forwards or backwards and they are always true.
Looking Back
100 less Number 100 more
700 800 900
106 206 306
244 344 444
512 612 712
Page 112
Talking Mathematics
Example answers:
We put things in size order when we want to see which thing is the biggest or smallest one.
We count when we want to work out the total number of something.
We compare amounts when we want to buy an item.
Quick Check
1 a) 90, 190, 290, 390, 490, 590, 690, 790 ( Skip-counting in 100s)
b) 912, 812, 712, 612, 512, 412, 312, 212 (Skip-counting in 100s in descending order)
c) 987, 988, 989, 990, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995 (Counting in 1s)
d) 973, 972, 971, 970, 969, 968, 967, 966, 965 (Counting in 1s in descending order)
2 No
3 a) 25₵ + 25₵ + 25₵
b) 75₵ – 49₵ = 26₵
4 123 < 321
321 > 231
231 < 312
321 > 312
123 < 231
123 < 312
5 a) 456 – 10 = 446
b) 800 – 100 = 700
c) 345 + 10 = 355
d) 350 – 100 = 250
Topic 18 Symmetry
Unit 1 Lines of Symmetry
Page 115
1 a) Yes
Looking Back
The two parts of the shape do not match exactly.
Page 116
Talking Mathematics
A line of symmetry divides a shape into two parts.
When a shape is symmetrical, the two halves are identical.
A mirror image shows the other side of a shape.
Quick Check
1 flower, leaf, ladybug
2 $20.00 – $5.00 = $15.00
Micah need S 15.00 more.
3 a) 10
b) 5
c) 4
Page 119
2 a) 11 o’clock
b) 3 o’clock
c) 5 o’clock
d) 10 o’clock
3 a) Soccer practice starts at 3:00 p.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m.
b) The evening news starts at 7:30 p.m. and ends at 8:00 p.m.
c) Kayleigh went to the beach at 10:00 a.m. and went home at 1:00 p.m.
d) Mr Jonas went to bed at 10:00 p.m., but the noise of the storm woke him up at 3:00 a.m.
Page 121
1 a) 5 o’clock
b) half-past 4
c) quarter-past 9
d) quarter-to 2
2 a) quarter-to 11
b) quarter-past 5
3 a) Quarter-past 12
Quarter-to 4
Quarter-past 3
Quarter-past 4
Quarter-past 9
b) Quarter-past 12
c) Quarter-past 9
d) Quarter-to 4
e) Half-past 12
4 o’clock
Half-past 3
Half-past 4
Half-past 9
4 Quarter-past 6
Page 122
Talking Mathematics
Clock 1 – 9 o’clock/on the hour
Clock 2 – On the hour/9 o’clock
Clock 3 – half-past
Clock 4 – quarter-to
Clock 5 – quarter-past
Quick Check
1 a) Quarter-past 6
Half-past 9
Quarter-past 1
Quarter-past 9
Half-past 1
Quarter-to 11
2 a) 4 o’clock
b) Quarter-to 4
3 a) 25
b) 28
c) 33
d) 97
e) 65
f) 80
4 Rectangle
1 a) 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12
b) 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
c) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 15
d) 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 40
2 a) 4 rows with 5 dots in each row.
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
Looking Back
1 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 16
There are 16 wheels on 8 scooters.
2 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 70
There are 70 legs altogether.
1 a) 2+2+2=6
23=6
b) 5 + 5 + 5 = 15
5 3 = 15
c) 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 60
10 6 = 60
d) 2+2+2=6
23=6
e) 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16
4 4 = 16
f) 6 + 6 + 6 = 18
6 3 = 18
Page 127
2 a) 6 7 = 42
b) 8 8 = 64
3 a) 7 2 = 14
b) 4 7 = 28
4 a) 10 12 = 120
He will need 120 beads.
b) 8 5 = 40
He makes $40.00 from selling 8 bracelets.
5 A 3 eyes
Looking Back
a)–d) Student’s dot pictures of number sequences
Page 128
Talking Mathematics
The picture shows 6 groups of 3 dots.
We can add 3 each time to find the total score on the dice.
Adding 3 over and over is called multiplication.
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 18
Six times three is eighteen.
Quick Check
1 a) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 3 = 12
b) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 15
3 5 = 15
c) 4+4=8
24=8
d) 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 70
7 10 = 70
2 a) (5 + 5 + 5 + 5) + (3 + 3 + 3) = 20 + 9 = 29
(5 4) + (3 3) = 20 + 9 = 29
b) (7 + 7) + (5 + 5 + 5 + 5) = 14 + 20 = 34
(7 2) + (5 4) = 14 + 20 = 34
c) (2 + 2 + 2) + (10 + 10 + 10) = 6 + 30 = 36
(2 3) + (10 3) = 6 + 30 = 36
3 a)–d) Student’s drawings of dot arrays
Page 129
Getting Started
1 a) 5 pencils
b) a story book
Unit 1 Kilograms
Pages 130, 131
Let’s Think …
The see-saw is not balanced because the children do not weigh the same amount.
The children at the top end of the see-saw are lighter. We know this as the heavier group of children will pull
the see-saw down onto their side.
1 a) Orca/killer whale
b) Seahorse
c) Seahorse, starfish, fish, lobster, shark, killer whale
d) Seahorse (< 1 kg), starfish (< 1 kg), fish (< 1 kg), lobster (1 kg), shark (> 1 kg),
killer whale (> 1 kg)
e) 170 kg
2 a) Beans and cabbage
b) Pumpkin
c) Apple, juice and shoe
Looking Back
1 29 kg + 12 kg = 41 kg
The total mass of these items is 41 kg.
2 83 kg – 49 kg = 34 kg
She had 34 kg of cabbages left.
Page 133
3 Lunch, juice and water
Crackers, sweets and water
4 100 g
5 a) About 140 g
b) About 1 kg
c) About 20 g
Looking Back
1 Two 500 g weights make up 1 kg.
2 a) 250 + 250 + 250 + 250 = 1 000
Each small packet is kg.
b) 250 g
Page 134
Talking Mathematics
a) The bag of coffee weighs less than 1 kg.
b) The bag of coffee weighs 500 g.
c) The bag of coffee weighs more than 200 g.
Quick Check
1 c, a, b
a) 50 g
b) 100 g
c) 30 g
2 a) 250 g
b) 1.5 kg
c) 200 g
d) 30 g
3 a) 3 4 = 12
4 kg of bananas would cost $12.00
b) 10 3 = 30
10 kg of bananas would cost $30.00
4 1 kg
5 150 g
6 12 + 12 = 24 kg
A whole sack of pineapples weighs 24 kg.
1 a) Cube
b) Cylinder
c) Cone
d) Sphere
Looking Back
a) Rectangular prism
b) Cone
c) Cylinder
d) Cone
e) Cylinder
f) Rectangular prism
Page 139
3 a) Cylinders, rectangular prisms, pyramids, cone
b) Cylinders – 11
Rectangular prisms – 5
Pyramids – 2
Cone – 1
Page 140
Talking Mathematics
Face – Flat surface of a solid.
Roll – Move by turning over.
Slide – Move across a surface without turning over.
Classify – Place into groups.
Quick Check
1 a) Cube, rectangular prism, pyramid
b) Sphere
c) Cylinder, cone
2 a) Cylinder
b) Sphere, cone
c) Cylinder
3 Cone
4 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 36
5 a) 456 < 564
b) 546 > 465
c) 654 > 645
6 Student’s drawing of repeating pattern
Topic 23 Area
Page 141
Getting Started
1 B – 5 squares
C – 5 squares
D – 2 squares
E – 3 squares
F – half a square
2 Yes
3 54 squares
Page 143
2 a) H – 11 square units
E – 10 square units
L – 7 square units
P – 10 square units
b) 11 + 10 + 7 + 10 = 38 square tiles
3 Yes, she is correct as all the shapes each have an area of 2 square units.
4 Leaf 1 – 21 square units
Leaf 2 – 24 square units
Looking Back
1 11 square units
2 4 square units
Page 144
Talking Mathematics
You can count the squares used for each colour.
Black – 33 square units
Dark brown – 28 square units
Lighter brown – 24 square units
Red – 20 square units
Orange – 16 square units
Yellow – 10 square units
White – 4 square units
Quick Check
1 A – 11 square units
R – 10 and a half square units
E – 10 square units
A – 11 square units
2 There were two ‘A’s so the area for these letters was the same.
3 a) 96 square units
b) 77 square units
c) 97 square units
d) 58 square units
4 64 – 25 = 39 square units is left of the shape.
Page 145
Getting Started
1 6 groups of 3
2 3 groups of 6
3 9 groups of 2
4 No. She can make 3 groups of 5 but she will have 3 pennies left over.
1 a) 24 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 = 0
There are 12 groups of 2 in 24.
b) 24 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 = 0
There are 8 groups of 3 in 24.
c) 24 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 = 0
There are 6 groups of 4 in 24.
d) 24 – 6 – 6 – 6 – 6 = 0
There are 4 groups of 6 in 24.
e) 24 – 8 – 8 – 8 = 0
You can subtract 8 three times from 24.
Page 147
2 a) 20 – 10 – 10 = 0
There are 2 groups of 10 in 20.
b) 20 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 = 0
There are 5 groups of 4 in 20.
c) 20 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 = 0
There are 10 sets.
3 a) 30 pins
b) 30 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 = 0
She can put up 10 pictures.
c) 30 – 10 – 10 – 10 = 0
There are 3 groups.
d) 30 – 6 – 6 – 6 – 6 – 6 = 0
She can make 5 groups of 6.
e) 30 ÷ 5 = 6
4 10 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 = 0
They will last for 5 days.
5 a) 16 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 = 0
They can make 4 sets of 4 bats.
b) 14 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 = 0
7 teams can get 2 balls.
6 27 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 = 0
Looking Back
1 16 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 = 0
8 times.
2 24 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 = 0
You can make 8 groups of 4 from 24.
Page 148
Talking Mathematics
Division, divide, share, equal groups, repeated subtraction
Quick Check
1 a) 20 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 = 0
10 groups of 2 from 20.
b) 20 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 = 0
5 times.
c) 20 ÷ 2 = 10
2 100 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 = 0
She can make 10 piles.
3 25 – 5 – 5 – 5 – 5 – 5 = 0
He can fill 5 tins.
Topic 25 Probability
Page 149
Getting Started
1 It will be warm tomorrow.
If I drop my pencil, the lead will break.
2 Our principal will come to school on Monday wearing a bathing suit. This will not happen as it is not
what principals are allowed to wear to school.
If I roll a dice, I will get a 7. This will not happen as the highest number on a dice is 6.
Our next teacher will be a robot. This will not happen as technology has not reached this level yet.
Page 151
2 a) Spinner A
b) Spinner C
Looking Back
a) Likely
b) Impossible
c) Likely
d) Unlikely
e) Likely
Page 152
Talking Mathematics
It is unlikely that it will snow today in Nassau.
It is very unlikely that our teacher will cut fruit with an axe.
It is certain that we will have homework this week.
The sun is certain to set tonight.
When you roll a dice, it is impossible that you will get a 7.
Quick Check
1 a) 15 + 10 + 5 = 30 counters altogether.
b) It is likely to be red.
c) He is least likely to pick out green because there are only 5 green counters out of 30.
2 Student’s drawing of:
a) a spinner with more yellow than other colours
b) a spinner with less green than other colours
c) a spinner with one-third yellow, one-third blue and one-third green.
3 a) Likely
b) Certain
c) Unlikely
d) Impossible
4 a) There are 5 groups of 4 in 20.
b) There are 2 groups of 10 in 20.
c) Half of 20 is 10.
5 $2.00 – $1.05 = $0.95
50₵ + 25₵ + 10₵ + 10₵
1 a) A, B and D
b) C and F
c) E
d) B and F
2 A, B and D fit through the circle
C and F fit through the square
C and E fit through the rectangle
Looking Back
1 Cylinder and cone
2 Cube and pyramid
Page 156
Quick Check
1 a) Square – two-dimensional
b) Cube – three-dimensional
c) Sphere – three-dimensional
d) Cone – three-dimensional
e) Triangle – two-dimensional
f) Pyramid – three-dimensional
g) Square – two-dimensional
2 a) A sphere is a solid shape.
b) A cylinder is a solid shape.
c) A triangle is a plane shape.
d) A cube is a solid shape.
e) A cone is a solid shape.
3 a) sphere
b) cylinder
c) rectangle
d) circle
e) cube/rectangular prism
Revision B
1 3+4=7
3+6=9
3 + 8 = 11
4 + 6 = 10
4 + 8 = 12
6 + 8 = 14
2 Student’s drawing of a square
a) 4
b) 4+4=8
3 5 dimes
4 a) square
b) circle
c) triangle
5 a) $1.00
b) 45₵
c) $15.00
d) $40.00
6 Student’s drawing of two circles divided into two and four
7 a) 200 + 100 = 300
b) 450 + 100 = 550
c) 875 + 100 = 975
8 Student’s drawing of $2.00 in coins
Revision C
1 a) 30 days
b) 5 Mondays
c) Thursday
d) July
e) Yes
2 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 groups of 3 = 12
4 3 = 12
3 a) 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 =10
b) 2 5 = 10
4 a) door
b) teddy bear
c) lizard
d) door
e) burger
5 Student’s drawing of 8 cm line
6 3 6 = 18
7 a) Likely (unless it was Friday when the Revision C was completed)
b) Likely
c) Unlikely
8 a) half-past nine
b) half-past eleven
c) quarter-to twelve
d) quarter-past six
9 a) Yes
b) No
c) Yes
d) Yes
10 a) and b) are symmetrical