Assignment#1.

Hotel PMS

Research how management information systems are applied in the hospitality industry. Provide
examples of hotels and their PMS/ MIS applications. Interviewing hotel managers will be a great help.

Information systems play a major role in the hotel sector since they facilitate hotel planning,
management, and general operations, as well as policymaking. All computerized systems that continually
collect data for internal and external usage are often referred to as information systems.

Some examples of hotels with their PMS or MIS are;

 Hotel H2O (Amadeus PMS) - With the increasing sophistication and demands of hotel guests, the
Amadeus PMS will allow us to fully attend to their requirements and provide them with the
unique experience that only Hotel H2O can provide. Locally, the Amadeus PMS is used by Club
Balai Isabel and Anvaya Cove, and it is the principal property management system taught at
Enderun Colleges in the Philippines.
 Bed Box Hotel (Hotelogix) - The Philippines' Bed Box Hotel has used Hotelogix, a cloud-based
Property Management System. The property's management hopes to streamline and automate
its everyday operations with Hotelogix PMS. Bed Box Hotel's management handled its activities
manually prior to using Hotelogix. “With the absence of a PMS, we couldn’t automate and
streamline our operations. Right from managing reservations to check-ins and checkouts, we
used to handle everything manually. The whole process was time-consuming,” said Engr. Ricky
Abuyuan, general manager, Bed Box Hotel.
 Heritage Hotel (OPERA PMS) - The Heritage Hotel Manila (Heritage Hotel) recently teamed with
MICROS-Fidelio to deploy the newest version of the OPERA Property Management System (PMS)
throughout all of the hotel's 450 rooms and suites as part of its transformation into a modern
business hotel with better operations. This PMS will improve property management, inventory
and distribution, conference and events, accounts receivable, point of sale, and sales and
catering. Aside from the system enhancements to the current edition of OPERA, the Hotel plans
to modernize its PABX system. Following that, another phase of restoration will take form, this
time focused on the public sections of the Heritage Hotel, primarily the Front Desk, Lobby area,
and swimming pool. All of these projects are intertwined and intended to enhance and improve
the guest experience at the hotel.

Assignment#2. POS in Restaurant

1. Interview industry experts on how they utilize management information systems in the restaurant
business. The use of POS in some fast food chains can also be used as the basis for your output.

2. As proof that you've conducted an interview, post your pictures/ screen shots in the Facebook group.
It may be a face-to-face interview or an online one.

Assignment#3. GDS
1. Check out the reviews on the websites of the four main GDS. (SABRE, Amadeus, Galileo and
Worldspan)
2. Check for their historical backgrounds and advantages.
 SABRE- Sabre was founded in 1960 as a joint venture between American Airlines and IBM to
develop the world's first computerized airline reservation system. They have since evolved into
a technology ecosystem that touches nearly every stage of the traveller’s journey. Sabre's
technology has changed the way people travel for over a half-century. Sabre's history is an
intriguing look inside one of the industry's more enduring technologies. Learn about the
technology and people who helped Sabre become what it is today, from the birth of airline
automation to #7 on InformationWeek's list of the "Greatest Software Ever Written."
o Sabre is a leading software and technology company that powers the global travel
industry, which is one of the many advantages of SABRE. Their technology powers
mobile apps, airport check-in kiosks, online travel sites, airline and hotel reservation
networks, travel agent terminals, and an array of other travel solutions. Their platform,
which is located at the heart of the travel ecosystem, allows their customers to connect
people with meaningful experiences in their lives. It's an excellent application for
accessing and working with airline inventory in order to make and manage reservations.
It can view all flight schedules in one place and quickly find the most affordable ticket
options. When booking a hotel, the process is quick and simple, with all of the
necessary information in one place. Because availability and pricing are updated in real
time, they are accurate. The airlines claim that their user interface system can hold
flight seats for longer periods of time than other systems, which is advantageous.
 Amadeus- 2019: Philippine Airlines migration, ICM acquisition and Air Canada roll-out, 2018:
TravelClick acquisition, Euro Stoxx 50 inclusion & dual IATA NDC certification as an aggregator
and IT provider, 2017: continue to expand the Airline IT footprint with the migration of
Southwest Airlines’ to Altéa and a landmark deal with Air Canada. Additionally, the new
Hospitality IT customer, Premier Inn, signed up for CRS, PMS and payments, and 2016: Navitaire
acquisition & RedHat award.
o It is a high-end travel booking service. It is thorough, straightforward, precise, and
current with technological and data developments. Amadeus CRS is an all-in-one
platform that integrates the majority of airlines into a single selling platform and allows
for text-only booking for the best air ticket price. It makes booking easier and allows
users to compose symphonies in their heads. It also makes it easier to quickly check
flight prices and availability. It is very simple to sell B2B via the Amadeus Central
Reservation System platform, and you can reach tens of thousands of TA. You can easily
connect with a travel agent without having to worry about the commission. It is very
efficient and cooperative support team.
 Galileo Global Distribution System (GDS)- was a forerunner in computerized reservations
systems. It was founded in 1971 and has been a major player in the industry for more than five
decades. A group of airlines led by United Airlines developed Galileo GDS in order to create a
platform that would allow travel agents to automate the booking and reservation process. KLM
 Royal Dutch Airlines, British Airways, Alitalia, Austrian Airlines, Swissair, Olympic, Air Portugal,
Sabena, and Aer Lingus formed Galileo in 1987. Galileo now connects approximately 63,000
travel agencies around the world to 460 airlines, 82,000 hotels, 29,000 car rental locations, 7,000
tourist attractions, and leading tour operators and cruise lines.
o It allows for global reach and can boost the number of hotel room bookings,
resulting in more revenue. Galileo software contains an airline, hotel, and travel
package reservation system, as well as the Galileo CRS system. The capacity to
distribute hotel rooms to travel agents and clients on a worldwide scale is the
fundamental benefit of the Galileo GDS system. This is accomplished by giving
travel agents 24-hour live access to inventory and pricing information, enabling
them to book hotel rooms for their customers.

 Worldspan- the three major airlines; Northwest, Delta, and Trans World Airlines developed
Worldspan, a worldwide GDS system, in 1990. Worldspan's CRS was a hybrid of two previous
systems, DATAS II and PARS. Worldspan, which operates across Europe, US territory, and a
portion of Asia and owns a stake in Asian GDS Abacus, quickly became the third largest European
GDS, alongside Amadeus and Galileo. When Delta Air Lines, Northwest Airlines, and Trans World
Airlines agreed to consolidate their bookings systems into a single system in early 1990, they
formed Worldspan. The firm eventually expanded into additional travel services. It is now a
subsidiary of Travelport.
o Expansion, flexibility, and collaboration are achieved through technology
application. Online reservation techniques include airline booking, hotel booking,
train booking, vehicle rental, vacations, and so on. Implementing Worldspan GDS
software in the travel agency software company reduces implementation costs.
The Worldspan airline booking system assists the company in growing income
and building a brand identity. With cheaper pricing, shopping, and booking
technology, Worldspan is transforming global travel distribution. In addition,
there’s a portfolio of interactive shopping tools that assist travel organizations in
reducing expenses, increasing efficiency, and increasing profits. Worldspan travel
software provides e-distribution and travel information, as well as goods and
connection and e-commerce features.

Assignment#4. MIS Issues

Do a research on legalities or ethical and security issues related to MIS. Print, read and analize them
carefully. Once analyzed, create an article about how these legalities or ethical and security issues could
be relevant to aspiring tourism and hospitality managers.

Information system security refers to the way the system is defended against unauthorized access, use,
disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction.
There are two major aspects of information system security −

 Security of the information technology used − securing the system from malicious cyber-attacks
that tend to break into the system and to access critical private information or gain control of the
internal systems.

 Security of data − ensuring the integrity of data when critical issues, arise such as natural
disasters, computer/server malfunction, physical theft etc. Generally an off-site backup of data is
kept for such problems.

Guaranteeing effective information security has the following key aspects −

 Preventing the unauthorized individuals or systems from accessing the information.

 Maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle.

 Ensuring that the computing systems, the security controls used to protect it and the
communication channels used to access it, functioning correctly all the time, thus making
information available in all situations.

 Ensuring that the data, transactions, communications or documents are genuine.

 Ensuring the integrity of a transaction by validating that both parties involved are genuine, by
incorporating authentication features such as "digital signatures".

 Ensuring that once a transaction takes place, none of the parties can deny it, either having
received a transaction, or having sent a transaction. This is called 'non-repudiation'.

 Safeguarding data and communications stored and shared in network systems.

Information Systems and Ethics

Information systems bring about immense social changes, threatening the existing distributions of
power, money, rights, and obligations. It also raises new kinds of crimes, like cyber-crimes.

Following organizations promote ethical issues −

 The Association of Information Technology Professionals (AITP)

 The Association of Computing Machinery (ACM)

 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

 Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CPSR)

Ethical Issues in Information Systems

Although the advancement in information technology for collecting, storing and disseminating data
revolutionises the spread of information within an organisation, it also creates ethical dilemmas. The
main ethical issues created by the advancement revolve around privacy, accuracy, and accessibility of
data (Reynolds, 2011, p. 38). Most of the data collected by companies may comprise the personal
identification information, compensation and background details of the employees. This data has to be
safeguarded properly; if that does not happen, it can result in serious negative implications. It is difficult
to protect the data and in most cases, it lands in the hands of the wrong people (Laudon & Laudon,
2012, p. 126).

Accuracy is another ethical issue that comes with the use of information systems in management. In the
past, organisations had less data to work on; this made the maintenance of accuracy an easy task as
most of the things were done manually. The use of information systems has resulted in complex
interactions between databases and systems, which contribute to huge errors in them. Since no one can
be held responsible for the occurrence of such errors, the current information systems remain a threat to
accuracy. For instance, it is difficult to hold the system vendors or the management accountable when
unanticipated errors occur (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 126).

Legal Issues in Information Systems

Apart from the ethical issues, the use of information systems in organisations also comes with a number
of legal issues. Information systems make it easy for organisations to violate consumers’ rights (Reynolds,
2011, p. 134). Despite the efforts of the European commission’s directive on data protection to enforce
private policy, businesses use information technology to outwit the legal body. For example, companies
use customers’ personal identifiable data without their consent (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 126).

The other legal issue that emanates from the use of information systems is copyright infringement. The
use of information systems makes it difficult for copyright policy makers to classify different digital works
and to determine their uniqueness. This makes theft of such works uncomplicated. It is difficult to
protect vital intellectual property as the use of information technology makes it easy for enormous
reproduction and distribution of information (Reynolds, 2011, p. 234). This is evident from the studies
that are conducted by different groups. For instance, the study of the Seventh Annual Global Software
Piracy conducted in 2009 revealed that cases of software piracy arose by about 43%; this is a huge loss to
stakeholders in this field (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 141).

Security Issues in Information Systems

The use of information systems, such as computer software, poses a great threat to the security of data
as information can be lost anytime. The information collected and stored using computer devices can be
lost through unauthorised access, fraud or abuse of personal details. The information can also be
interfered with by hackers or computer viruses. Hackers and computer viruses are known to destroy
computer programs, files and other important information stored in electronic devices (Kim & Solomon,
2012, p. 11).
The creation, execution, and maintenance of a complex of organizational and technical measures to
avoid unacceptable financial harm to the hotel as a result of the implementation of accidental or
purposeful threats are referred to as hotel security systems. Client safety is defined as confidentiality,
personal safety of individuals staying at the hotel, safety of human life, hotel property, and client
property throughout hotel service.

Ethical Issues in MISTechnology, as in MIS, as discussed is vital for an organization’s growth. Its impact is
significant in all aspects of the business. However, there are ethical issues that an organization needs to
consider ensuring safety and security of company information.

the person who will be held accountable for errors in informationPropertythe owner of the
informationthe just and fair prices for information exchangethe owner of the channels through which
information is transmittedallocation of access to the scarce resource of informationAccessibilitythe
information to be obtained by a person or an organization having a right to do thatThe conditions in
accessing information and to what safeguards