Process of Oxy-Acetylene

Oxy-Acetylene Technology : The

base metal and filler metal are melted
using a flame generated at the tip of a
welding torch during the oxy fuel
welding (OFW) procedure. A fuel gas
and oxygen are mixed in a mixing
chamber and ignited at the nozzle tip
in this operation.
The following are the essential tools and materials needed to perform gas
welding:
1) An oxygen gas cylinder in a black color with a brass valve with right-
hand threads,
2) An acetylene gas cylinder with a valve that has left-hand threads and
is maroon or red in color,
3) An oxygen pressure controller,
4) An regulator for acetylene pressure,
5) A black oxygen gas hose,
6) Red/maroon acetylene gas hose,
7) A gas lighter, blowpipe with a set of nozzles, and a welding torch,
8) Trolley for carrying cylinders of oxygen and acetylene,
9) A set of spanners and keys,
10) Fluxes and filler rods,
11) Protective gear for the welder, such as an asbestos apron,
gloves, and goggles.
Gas cylinder: A gas cylinder is a type of pressure container used to store and
contain gases at pressures higher than atmospheric pressure. High-pressure gas
cylinders are also called bottles. Depending on the physical properties of the
contents, the stored material inside the cylinder may be in a state of compressed
gas, vapor over liquid, supercritical fluid, or dissolved in a substrate material. An
ordinary gas cylinder is long, stands upright on a flat bottom end, and has a valve
and fitting for attaching to the receiving device at the top.
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Since cylinders were reinforced using glass-fiber composite materials,
there are various types of construction of high-pressure vessels:
1. Just metal - Forged metal that is mostly seamless. However, there are also
welded steel vessels for lower working pressure materials, including liquid
butane.
2. A metal vessel having only the cylindrical portion of the "cylinder" hoop
covered in a fiber composite. (Geometrically, the cylindrical portion of the
cylinder requires twice the tensile strength of the spherical caps).
3. A thin metal liner that is completely wrapped in fiber in the matrix
material (to maintain the vessel tight but not add to the operating pressure).
4. A plastic liner that is completely covered in fiber material and is metal-
free. The thread for the valve is located in the boss, the center of the
cylinder head(s), which is still made of metal.
By volume, pressure containers for gas storage can be categorized as well.
In South Africa, a gas storage cylinder refers to a portable, refillable
container with a 150-liter water capacity. Tubes are cylindrical, refillable,
transportable containers with a capacity for 150 to 3,000 liters of water.

Cyl. Diameter × height, including 5.5 Water

size inches for valve and cap (inches) capacity (lb)

D 4 by 18 inches (100 mm × 460 mm) 4.9

AL 8 by 53 inches (200 mm × 1,350 mm) 64.8

7.25 by 39 inches (184 mm × 991

BL 34.6
mm)

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Regulators: A regulator is a piece of equipment that automatically controls
the outlet pressure at a given level. No matter how different the intake
pressures are (as long as the inlet pressure is higher).
Hoses: A swivel nut, a nipple with a seating surface, and a hose clamp or
ferrule are the three components that make up a welding hose. The interior
seat of the regulator or torch connections is designed to fit with the seating
surface of the nipple. A clamp aids in securing the gas on the nipple's hose
end.
Torches: A welding torch is a device that burns a mixture of oxygen and
acetylene at the tip while also allowing the flame to be moved and directed.
Safety equipment: PPE, or personal protective equipment, is the most
crucial piece of safety gear for welders. Items including welding helmets,
gloves, aprons, goggles, ear protection, and boots are included in this
category. All of these tools aid in shielding the welder from potential injuries
caused by flying sparks, flying debris, and burns while welding.
a) Gas pressure: Gas pressure welding using gas pressure is a common
method of welding used to unite two or more metal surfaces is gas
pressure welding. In order to produce an environment where the
metal surfaces may be brought together, this method of welding
requires pressured gas. Compared to conventional welding methods,
it has a lot of benefits, but it also has certain disadvantages.
b) Flame Properties Adjustment: Thermal inertia, ignition temperature,
heat of combustion, heat of gasification, total energy, and opposing flow
flame spread properties are among the characteristics. An axis of
symmetry can be considered to exist at the vertical centerline of the flame
for fire that is placed in an open area since the flame is essentially
symmetrical and cone-shaped. The volume and dimensions of the flame
front (i.e., the height, length, and depth) rise along with the rate of energy
released per unit area of the flame front as a result of a faster spread rate
and/or a greater amount of fuel that has been volatilized. Engineering
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 practice can involve oxyacetylene welding. The core cone of the flame
generates a temperature of roughly 3150o C.
c) Oxy-Acetylene cutting technique:
The fundamental oxy-
acetylene procedure.
Here is a list of them:

Step 1 : Preheat. The steel must be heated to a temperature of around

1800°F, or kindling temperature, before being cut.

Step 2: Piercing. The surface of the plate achieves kindling temperature

(around 1800°F) when the preheat flame is applied.

Step 3: Cutting.

Oxy-Acetylene Welding Method:

The oxy-Acetylene
welding technique
uses a flame created
by the combustion of
almost equal
quantities of oxygen
and acetylene that are
fed from gas bottles to
a welding torch at
equal pressures. The flame's temperature, which is around 3100°C, is
high enough to melt metals like steel.

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 Brazing: Brazing is a method of putting two or more metal pieces
together that involves melting and pouring a filler metal into the joint.
The filler metal has a lower melting temperature than the adjacent metal.
In contrast to welding, brazing does not entail melting the workpieces.

Soldering using oxy-acetylene: The method of attaching two or more

metal pieces together using an alloy is called soldering with oxy-acetylene.
Acetylene burns at temperatures over 1000°F higher than propane.
Remember that oxy acetylene mixtures burn much hotter (5612°F), which
is above the melting point of copper (1984°F), and shouldn't be used to
solder copper.