SING-APORE

.. ..,. . . . STANDARD

(ICS 91.I
40.50)

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR

The insta ation and
maintenance of emergency
ighting and power supp
systems in bui

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this Singapore

Standard may be reproducpd or ufilised in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, Including photocopy/ng and microfilming, without
permission in writing from the Shgapore Productivity and Standards Board at
the address belsw:-

Director
Centre for Standardisation
Singapore Productivity and Standards Board
I Science Park Drive
Singapore 118221
Telephone: 2786666. Telefax: 2786565 ,
. BECA i.AHr?Fi H(3Lkikda 8 FEWER

Em.ail: cfs d psb.gov.sg . . . , (S.E. P,Slh) PTE. LTD.

51 ANSON ROWD C12-51
PIHSON CENTAE SINGAPORE 03%4
ISBN 9971-67-830-6 TEL : 6'229 7588 FFiW : 6225 EL37 hp: 966 12377
znkh@po;tl .corn
www.post2 .cow-ankh
This Singapore Standard has been approved by the Electrical Industry Practice ~ommitteeon b e h b
of the Standards Council on 28 September 2000.
First published, 1981
First revision, 1991
Second revision, 2000

The Electrical Industry Practice Committee appointed by the Standards Council consists of the
following members:

Name Organisation

Chairman : Mr Soh Siew Cheong Standards Council

Secretary : Mr Dennis Chew Singapore Productivify and Standards Board
Members : Assoc Prof Chang Che Sau National University of Singapore
Mr Fob lgorcg Dee:>> Singapore Elecfrical Trade Association
Mr Goh Eng Kee Ngee Ann Polytechnic
Mr Ho Fui Chan Housing & Development Board
Mr Ho Sou Weng Singapore Polytechnic
Mr Hor Siew Kee Temasek Poiytechnic ..
Er. N.P. Karthigayan . lnstitution of Engineers Singapore
Mr Bernard Koh lnstifute of Technical Education
Mr Leong Kok Yeong Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore
Mr Samuel Ong Bot Hwee Singapore Electrical Contractor Association
Mr Pang Toh Kang PWD Corporation Pte Ltd
Mr Tan Sing Ong Jurong Town Corporation
Assoc Prof Teo Cheng Yu Nanyang Technological University
Mr Wan Fook Sing Singapore Contractor Association Limiied
Mr Yeo Yek Seng Public Utilities Board

The Technical Committee on the Installation and Maintenance of Emergency Lighting and Power
Supply Systems in Buildings appointed by the Electrical Industry Practice Committee and responsible
for the preparation of this standard consists of representatives from the following organisations:

Name Organisation

Chairman : Mr Ng Kong Public Utilities Board

Secretary : Mi Dennis Chew Singapore Producfivip andStandards Board
Members : Mr Chan Kok Way"_ Singapore lnstifute of Architects
Mr Gf-,&ii T d ~ LC
k Singapore EIectricalContractor Association ,

Mr Cheah Ah ~ e e Real ~ s l a l eDevelopers' Associa tion of .

Singapore
Mr Lau Seng Tay Singapore Productivity and Standards Board
Mr Lee Tat Man lnstitution of Engineers Singapore
Mrtoo Kia Ang . Housing 81 ~bvelopmenfBoard
Mr Ng Kok Kiong PWD Corporation R e Ltd
Mr Poon Keng Soon Singapore Civil Defence Force . .
Mr Seow Joo en^ Jumng Town Corporation
Mr Tan Lai Siong Association of Consujting Engineem Singapore .
Contents
Page
Foreword 5

CODE OF PRACTICE

Section One - lnstallation requirements

Scope
Definitions
General requirements
Emergency lighting design requirements
Emergency power supply (central systems)
Emergency power supply (single-point systems)
Provision'of bii6fiirg6 iest iadilhies
Electrical wiring and lumincires

Section Two - Maintenance procedures

9 Scope, definitions and generat requirements
10 Information required for maintaining the systems
-I I Maintenance procedures for central battery systems
12 Maintenance procedures for self-contained emergency luminaires and exit signs

ANNEXES

A Classification of emergency luminaires 42

8 Diagrams illustrating certain requirements or characteristics of
emergency lighting systems . . 47
C Typical information to be supplied by the purchaser of an emergency
lighting system 51
D Guide for the maintenance of batteries and battery chargers 54

TABLES

1 Maximum permissible spacing for Class A luminaires 12

2 Maximum permissible spacing for Class 6 luminaires 13
3 Maximum permissible spxing for Class C luminaires 14
4 Maximum permissible spacing for Class D luminaires 15
5 Maximum permissible spacing for Class E luminaires 16
 Page

FIGURES

1 Identification symbol for emergency luminaires 33

2 Vertical planes through emergency luminaires for measurements of
luminous intensity 42
3 Characteristic shape of intensity distribution curves far the general classes
of emergency luminaire specified in A.3.2.2 45
4 Schematic arrangement of self-contained emergency lurninaire
(maintained changeover system) 47
5 Schematic arrangement of self-contained emergency luminaire
(maintained floating system) 47
6 Schematic arrangement of self-contained emergency luminaire
(non-maintained) 48
7 Diagram illust~cfirlgsensing da8 cant!01 of emergency lighting
(d.c. central system) 48
8 Diagram illustrating sensing and control of emergency lighting
'

(inverter central system) 49

9 Slight-break charger, battery, inverter system 49
10 Slight-break reversible inverter system 50
t
Foreword
This Code of Practice is a revision of CP 19 : 1991 and was prepared by the Technical Committee on
the Installation and Maintenance of Emergency Lighting and Power Supply Systems in Buildings
under the authority of the Electrical industry Practice Committee.

This code was drawn up to cover the technical details for emergency lighting, and exit lighting, as a
means of compliance with the requirements of the Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings.

The aim of this code is to promote a wider understanding of the different types of emergency lighting
systems which may be employed, and to provide guidance on their correct application under varied
and different situations. The presence of smoke will have a detrimental effect on the visual conditions
provided by the emergency lighting. There is no practical way of ensuring that the lighting system will
continue to be eftective under smoke conditions. Other measures such as building construction and
ventilation must be employed to keep the exits as free as possible from smoke,

Attention is drawn to the availability of photoluminescent materials which absorb light energy when
exposed to normal lighting and which, following the loss of normal lighting, progressively release this
light energy in the forx af,afurninozs.~fowfor a significant period. The use of such materials would
be subjected to the approval of the relevant authority.
The code is divided into two sections. Section One sets out the rules for a uniform practice in the
design and installation of emergency lighting systems. ti covers some of the more important aspects
of equiprnenf'specification. Section Two is specially devoted to maintenance. In this section, a set of
systematic.procedures for regular inspection and maintenance is recommended to ensure continued
compliance with Section One.

Significant changes introduced in this revision include the following :

(a) Increase in battery recharging period.

(b) Provision of discharge test facilities. Such testing facilities may be availabfe in the manual or
automatic mode.

(c) Withdrawal of the annex on the testing of self-contained emergency luminaire (type test).
Reference would now be made to SS 263 : Part 2 : 1998, where appficabfe.

In preparing this code, reference was made to the following standards :

ASINZS 2293: - Emergency evacuation lighting for buildings

Part 1 : 1998 System design, installation and operation

part 2 : 1995 Inspection and maintenance

Part 3 : 1995 Emergency luminaires and exit signs

Acknowledgement is made for the use of information from the above references.
- ..

NOTE

1. Singapore Standards are subject to periodic review to keep abreast of technological changes and new
technical developmenfs. The revisions of Singapore Standards are announced through the issue of
either amendment slips or revised edjtions. .
2. Compliance with a Singapore Standard does not exempt users from legal obligafions.
Code of practice for the installation and maintenance of emergency . i

lighting and power supply systems in buildings

[3

Section One - Installation requirements

L
1
1 Scope
!
The objective of this code is to provide visual conditions necessary to alleviate panic and permit safe
evacuation of the building occupants in the event of the failure of normal lighting, and at the same t
time it prescribes requirements far the equipment and installation methods used to provide the power
supply for the emergency lighting. { -I
i
t
a! .;mergenc), lighting in premises as required in the Code of
This code also relates c:c the p:o~is:~a
Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings.
-
NOTE Should it be necessary to apply the code to any other type of systems, the exact method in which each
of its provisions is to be met should b e the subject of agreement with the relevant authority before installation
work is darted.

2 Definitions
For the purposes of this code, the following definitions apply:
i'
2.1 Central (emergency lighting) system Li
&
A system of emergency lighting in which a number of luminaires are supplied from a common power
source.
NOTE - Within a building there may be several power sources each of which supplies the emergency
luminaires in a particular section of the building.
8'
4-
1
2.2 Combined emergency luminaire
I
Luminaire containing two or more lamps, at least one of which is energised irom the emergency
lighting supply and the others from the normal lighting supply. A combined emergency luminaire is
either maintained or non-maintained.
i
a

2.3 Direct lighting

A system of lighting in which most of the light emit!ed by the luminaires is directed towards the surface
to be lit. The term usually refers to light emitted in a downward direction. .For the purpose of this
code, a surface is dee;ritJ :U ie 2i,-d,l,' 'it if there is an unobstructed line between the surface and k
any point on the light emitting or reflecting parts of an adjacent emergency lurninaire. *. >I

2.4 Egress
+
A means of exit from the interior of the building to an exterior space which is provided by the use of ,r
the following either, singly or in combination: exterior door openings, exit staircases, exit ramps or exit it
passageways, but not including access stairs, aisles, corridor doors or corridors. i,
 2.5 Emergency lighting

Lighting for use when the supply to normal.lighting fails; it Includes emergency escape lighting, high:
risk task-area lighting and standby lighting.
. .

2.6 Emergency lumlnaire

A luminaire which is designed for use in an emergency lighting system.
-
NOTE 1 Emergency luminaires are classified in accordance with Annex A. A bare lamp unit may serve as an
emergency luminaire provided that it has been appropriately classified. An internally illuminated exit sign may
also serve as an emergency luminaire provided that it has been designed for this purpose.
-
NOTE 2 An emergency luminaire may be combined with a normal lighting lurnin~tireor may be a completely
separate unit.

2.7 Exit lighting

The part of emergency lighting which is provided to-illuminate the exits.

*,* - exit 4' "4. . "" "3 *'7.
.

The terminal point of an exit, beyond which persons are no longer in danger from fire.

2.9 Fire-protected area

An enclosed stairway, ramp, corridor or the like, of fire-resisting construction capable of being isolated
from other portions of the premises or building structure by means of fire-resisting doors and intended ,

as a means of egress in the event of fire, such a protected area being provided in accordance with the
requirements of the relevant authority.

2.1 0 Luminaire

Apparatus which distributes, filters or transforms the light transmitted from one or more lamps and
which includes. all the parts necessary for supporting, fixing and protecting the lamps, but not the
lamps themselves, and where necessary circuit auxiliaries together with the means for connecting
them to the supply.

NOTE - A luminaire with integral non-replaceable lamps is regarded as a luminaire except that the tests are not
applied to the integral lamp or integral self-ballasted lamp.

I 2.11 Maintained emergency luminaire

An emergency luminaire in which the emergency lighting larnpfs) are energised at all times when
,
I normal or emergency lighting is required.
I
2.12 Mountingheight
I1. The vertical distance between a lurninaire and the floor.
'C * ." "
2 I f

2.13 Nun-maintained emergency luminaire

I
? An emergency luminaire in which the emergency lighting lamp(s) are in operation .only when the
Supply to the normal lighting fails.
F-
2.14 Normal lighting

All permanently installed artificial lighting operating from the supply in normal use which, In the
absence oi adequate daylight, is intended for use during the whole time that the premises are
occupied.

2.1 5 Rated period

The period for which a battery operated emergency lighting system is capable of continuous
operation.

2.16 Self-contained emergency lurninaire

Lurninalre providing maintained or non-maintained emergency lighting in which all the elements, such
as the battery, the lamp, the control unit and the test and monitoring facilities, where provided, are
contained within the luminaire or adjacent to it (that is, within 1 m cable length).

2.17 Single polnt (emn~3~n6::

!?gP*:?$.sysfem
A system of emergency lighting employing self-contained emergency luminaires.

2.18 Standby lighting

That part of emergency lighting that enables normal activities to continue substantially unchanged.
2.19 Uniformity ratio
The ratio of the maximum illuminance to the minimum illuminance applied to values on the floor.

3 General requirements
3.1 Consultation
Consultation between the owner andlor occupier of the premises, the architect, the lighting engineer,
the installation contractor, the relevant authority, the electricity authority and any other parties
concerned should be arranged at a very early stage. It is important that the requirements of any
legislation which may apply to the premises in question be fully recognised and discussed at this time.

3.2 Supply of plans

Plans showing the layout of the building and of all existing or proposed exits, fire alarm call points and
fire fighting equipment and indicating the positions of all items, structural or otherwise, which may
offer obstruction to escape, should be provided at an early stage for use during the consultation
referred to in subclause 3.1.

Upon completion of the installation, the operation of the emergency lighting system shall be checked
by carrying out the procedures specified in subclause 1f .3.7or 12.3 as appropriate.
On compfetion of the work, drawings of the emergency lighting installation should be provided and
retained an the premises. Such drawings should be continuously up-dated to keep them in line with
any subsequent changes to the system.
I n addition, records of routine examinations and commissioning tests as required by Clauses 11 and
12 should be maintained for examination by any duly authorised person.
 i
I
3.4 Rules and regulations
7 The materials, equipment and methods used in the installation of electrical wiring for the supply and
control of emergency lighting shall, in addition to complying with this code, also comply with the
appropriate requirements of the following Codes, Rules, Regulations and Bylaws or any amendments
- thereof.

, (a) SSCP5

(b) Public Utilities (Electricity) Regulations

3.5 Alterations and additions

Any alterations or additions to an existing emergency lighting instailation shafl be carried out in
accordance with this code.

NOTE - Building alterations such as changes in partitioning, provision of additional moms and for indirect
lighting systems, changes to the surface finishes of ceilings and upper walls may necessitate modifications to the
emergency lighting system for continued compliance with this standard.
is' t ,:-. :,..i. * %.I * tr I I ' _ ,

4 Emergency lighting design requirements

4.1 Provision of emergency luminaires and exit signs
Emergency luminaires shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of subclause 4.2 and
exit signs shall be installed in accordance with subclause 4.3,

4.2 ' Illumination for safe movement

4.2.1 Illuminance

The horizontal llluminance on the centre line of any exit shall not be less than 0.5 lux, which is
regarded as an absolute minimum at any time during the specified duration of the system. If within an
open area, e.g. a small hall, there is no obviously defined exit, the minimum illuminance required shall
apply to any part of the floor where people may tread on the way to the exit, other than along
seatways in a closely seated auditorium.

NOTE -In designing emergency lighting systems to these requirements, allowance should be made for voltage
drops in circuit wiring and for those factors which could lead to reduced light output with age, e.g. the effect of
dirt, lamp ageing and battery performance.
"
In places of enterlainment it is normal practice to require the use of a maintained emergency lighting system. For
some theatre auditoriums where the recommended maintained level of illuminance of 0.5 lux is likely to affect
normal working, it is considered acceptable to reduce this level to not less than 0.05 lux, provided the system is
so arranged that in the event of failure of the normal system of lighting within the auditorium, the level of
emergency lighting illuminance shall be immediately and automatically restored to a minimum of 0.5 lux.
Complete or subslantially complete blackouts, which may be required for production reasons, may be permitted
by the relevant authority.
--
4.2.2 uniformity of illumiiiiee I .
I
- I

A uniformity ratio of up to 40 :1 along the centre line of an exit is acceptable for safe movement and
' this value shall not be exceeded in any situation. Care should also be taken to avoid abrupt
alternation of excessive dark and light areas on the floor.

, -
NOTE Good uniformity can be achieved by using a greater.number of luminaires with lower light output rather
than fewer more widely spaced lumI3aires with higher light output.
 CP 19 :2000
i

4.2.3 Mounting height of luminaires

Individual lurninaire should be mounted to avoid glare acd shoutd, if possible, be positioned at least
2m above floor level, measured to the underside of the luminaires.
. . . .
NOTE - The mounting height of the luminaires will usuahy be governed'by the physical characteristics of the
area under consideration and the best compromise should be chosen. The possibility of smoke collection making
the lighting heffectiveshould also be considered, particularly if a high mounting height is involved.

4.2.4 Direction of luminaires

The emergency luminaires, if of the directional beam type, e.g. "sealed beamn lamps, shall either be
concealed from view, or shall be directed in such a manner that the beam wilt not be directed Into the
eyes of persons traversing the exit route. In installations employing indirect lighting, the main interior
suriaces from which the light is reflected shall have a reflectance of not less than 0.5.

4.2.5 Locations requiring emergency luminaires

Emergency tuminaires shai! be rc .4d.-r: dt-4kt: ;->#rowing

locations:

(a) Near each intersection of corridors;

(b) Near each change of direction (other than on a staircase);

(c) Near each staircase so that each flight of stairs receives direct light;

(d). Near any other change of floor level which may constitute a hazard;

(e) Outside and near each final exit;

(f) Over escalators and moving walkways;

(g) In toilet accommodation exceeding a gross area of 8 m2;

(h) In control and plant-rooms, switch rooms and other positions associated with the provision of
both normal and emergency lighting to the premises;

(i) Any other area as may be required by the Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings.

NOTE - For the purpose of this subclause, the word 'near' shall be interpreted as within 2 rn.
4.2.6 Emergency luminaires in lift cars
; Emergency luminaires shall be provided in lift cars in accordance with SS GP 2.

4.2.7 Spacing of luminaires

Additional luminaires, as required,- should be sited so as to ensure that the illuminance throughout the
exits complies with the requkr": 1;s s ..h.-?ks~s4;2.1,4.2.2,4,2.3 and 4.2.4,

Alternatively, additional luminaires may be sited along the exits in accordance with the following
requirements:

(a) Spacing between luminaires

The horizontal spacing between adjacent luminaires shall not exceed the appropriate value
prescribed in Tables 1 to 5, taking into account the classification of the lurninaire (see Annex
A), and height above the floor.

Where adjacent luminaires have different classifications, the spacing shall not exceed the
sum of half the maximum permissible spacing for the respective luminaires.
-I
1
Where the Luminaire has a different classification in the transverse (C,)and longitudinal (Cw)
I planes, the orientation of the luminaire shall be considered in determining the appropriate
-? spacing.

(b) Spacing between luminaires and walls

-. "
The spacing between luminaires and any adjacent waif or other boundary defining the area
requiring emergency lighting shall be not greater than half the spacing determined in
I accordance with item (a). , .

NOTE - The purpase of (b)is to ensure that vertical surfaces at the boundaries of the space are adequately lit .

as these assist in providing a sense of orientation and visual guidance. For the purpose of subclause 4.2.7,
luminaires shall be classified in accordance with the requirements of Annex A and shall be appropriately marked.

4.3 Exitsigns
1

4.3.1 Required locations

Exit signs shall be provided at the locations as specified by the relevant authority in the publication
"Code .qf Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings",,
:I
, . .
.
+ L + ~ ,
*
I .l,.y . + *

4.3.2 Illumination

4.3.2.1 General requirement

Exit signs and directional arrows, where incorporated, shall be illuminated at all material times in
accordance with the requirements of subclause 4.3.2.2or 4.3.2.3 as appropriate. The sign shall
present a uniform appearance when viewed from within the range of diiectians from which it is
required to be seen.

4.3.2.2 Internally illuminated exit signs

Internally illuminated exit signs shall be of a type which will comply with the following requirements
when operated under the conditions as specified in subclause 4.4:

(a) Exit signs with a white legend and green background:

(i) The luminance of the background in the area within 25 mm of the legend shall not be
less than 8 cd/m2;

(iif The ratio of the luminance of the legend to that of the adjacent background shall be
not less than 4:1;

(iii) The variation in luminance within the legend and within the background shall be not
more than 5:l.

(b) Exit signs with a green legend and a white opaque background:

(1) The luminance of the legend shall lie within the range 2 cdmz to 25 cdlmz;
. ,-, .- ,
(ii)
>

The variation-in kminance within the legend sha'l~b&bt mote than 5:l. .

The luminance shall be measured within 35 degrees from the normal to the plane containing the
legend with a meter which will provide a circular measurement field having a diameter of between 75
percent and 85 percent of the fetter stroke thickness of the legend.

NOTE -Green legend and a white opaque background are only recommended where an exit slgn Is normally
viewed under dimmed lighting conditicn, o.g. in theatres, auditoriums and the like.
 Table 1 - Maximum permissiblespacing for Class A luminaires

Maxlmum opaclng* b t w w n lumlnnires (m)

'
Mountlng hslnht (m)

A 125 4.2 4.5 4.5 9.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 3.0 4.5 3.0
A 18 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 3.9

A 2 0 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 8.5 6.0 5.5 4.11

A 2 5 5.0 5.5 5.5 8.0 6.0 6.5 6.5/ 7.0 7.0 7.0 8.5 6.G 4.5,

A 3 2 5.5 5.3 6.Q 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 7.5 8.0 8.0 7.5 6.5 5.0
A 4 0 6.5 8.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 7.5 8.0 8.5 8.5 8.0 9.c 8.5 7.5 4.2
A S 6-0 6.5 7-0 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10 in 10 9.5 7.5
A 83 8.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 8,5 9.0 9.5 10 11 1I 11 11 ia 5.0
A 8 0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 Q.5 10 10 If 12 1Z 12 13 12 10
A 100 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10 10 11 12 13 13 14 14 14 13
A 125 7.0 7.5 8.5 -. 9.0 9.5 10 10 t1 12 13 I4 . 14 ' 15 15 16 15 10
A 180 73 8.0 8.5 9.0 10 10 11 12 12 13 15 f5 16 17 17 18 16
A 200 8.0 8.5 9.0 8.5 10 11 11 12 13 14 15 16 t7 18 19 20 t9
A 8.0 9.0 9.5 10 11 If 12 13 14 15 18 17 18 IQ 21 22 22
A 320 8.5 0.0 10 11 17 - 12 13 I4 14 16 17 19 20 21 22 24 25

A 40[3 9.0 9.5 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 I7 18 20 21 22 24 26 26

A WX3 9.0 10 13 12 12 13 14 15 18 18 1S 21 22 23 25 28 3?
A, 625 9.5 10 11 12 13 13 14 15 17 I8 20 22 23 25 27 30 33
A 800 10 11 12 13 13 t4 15 18 17 19 21 23 25 26 29 32 36
A 1WO 10 11 12 13 14 t5 16 17 18 20 22 24 28 27 30 34 39
A 1250 11 12 13 14 14 15 16 I8 19 21 23 25 27 29 32 36 41
A IS5 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 33 38 44
A 2000 12 13 14 75 16 17 18 79 20 23 25 28 30 32 35 40 47

" .Sp.dng?d l e u than 2 m are canstdered irnpractlcal and are not included In the table.
I

-m
UI
..aa

1 -E
C

-
J
4.3.2.3 Externally illuminated exit signs

An illuminance of not less than 50 lux shall be provided on the face of externally illuminated exit signs
and the variation in illuminance shall not exceed 3:l.

The position of the luminaire(s) relative to the sign shall be such as to cause no reduction in the
contrast of the sign (due to reflection of the luminaire in the face of the sign) when viewed from within
the required range of directions.

Any light source provided specifically for the purpose of lighting the sign shall be screened from the
view of persons moving through the exit.

4.3.3 Mounting height

Exit signs shall be positioned as required by subclause 4.3.1 between 2 m and 2.5 m above floor
level. If this is not possible, the relevant authority should be consulted.

4.3.4 Dimensions and coIour

~ r size pf exit.sign shall be in accordance with SS 364.

Letter styte, letter height, layout, c o l o ~q?rf
? *

NOTE - Where exit signs normally viewed under dimmed lighting condition as in theatres, auditoriums and the
like can adversely affect aclivities therein, compliance with subclause 4.3.2.2fb) is acceptable.

4.4 Operation of emergency lighting

4.4.1 Maximum delay

The maximum delay between the failure of the electrical supply to normal lighting and the energisation
of the emergency lighting system shall be in accordance with the relevant requirements of the Code of
Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings.

4.4.2 Duration of operation

A battery operated emergency lighting system shall be capable of continuous operation for the rated
period of minimum 1 hour, or longer if required by the relevant authority, at the end of which the
battery shall provide not less than 85% of its normal voltage with the normal load connected at the
normal ambient temperature of the battery location.

After the battery has been so discharged, and following a recharge period of not more than 24 hours,
it should again be capable of supporting the specified duration period.
NOTE - The maximum design charging characteristics of the battery in use should not be exceeded during the
recharge period.

4.4.3 Arrangementand control

4.4.3.1 General

Where the lamps utilised in the norpal, - .., . fighting

. luminaires are of a type which will not restrike
immediately after restoration of the supply, one of the following measures shalt be taken:

(a) Provision of a time delay or other suitable means to maintain the operation of the emergency
lighting for the period necessary to allow the normal lighting lamps to restrike.

(b) Installation of a proportion of normal lighting luminaires of a type which will provide immediate
lighting.
For case (b), the luminaires shall be arranged throughout the designated area in such a manner as to
ensure that the visual conditions, are not inferior to those provided by the emergency lighting installed
in accordance with this code.
NOTE - The purpose of the measures prescribed above is to prevent a periad of total darkness following a
short intemption to the supply, because with certain types of discharge lamps e delay of 3 min to 6 min may
occur before the tamps have cooled sufficiently to restrike.

4.4.3.2 Central systems

In central systems the installation shalf be arranged so that the failure of the electrical supply to each
final subcircuit supplying narrnal lighting to the designated area will automatically energise emergency
luminaires and exit signs in the area served by the normal lighting circuit. Loss of supply shall be
sensed at the load side of the device protecting the final circuit.

When the normal fighting in the area is served by more than one final circuit, sensing of supply failure
need not be installed for all such circuits provided that the luminaires on the circuits which are sensed
are installed throughout the area in such a manner that the lighting provided by these circuits alone is
not inferior to that afforded by the required emergency lighting.
.> .* il . ., .
NOTE - See Figure 8 of Annex 6 for illustration of one typical method of satisfying the above requirement.

4.4.3.3 Single-point systems

In single-point systems ,the self-contained emergency luminaires and exit signs shall be arranged so
that they are automatically connected to their emergency power source upon failure of the electrical
supply to the normal lighting in the area concerned.
NOTE - See Figures 5 , 6 and 7 of Annex €3 for illustrations of typical methods which comply with this . .
requirement.

4.4.4. Labelling of devices controlling the operation of emergency lighting

Every device (e.g. circuit-breaker, switch, fuse) which, if turned off or removed, will cause the
emergency lighting to operate, shall have the following warning notice clearly and durably affixed on
or immediately adjacent thereto:

WARNING
INTERRUPTING SUPPLY WILL DISCHARGE
EMERGENCY LIGHTING BATTERIES

5 Emergency power supply (centrai systems)

5.1 Emergency power source

5.1 .I Location

Except where otherwise permitted below, the emergency power source and associated equipment
shall be located in a room or enclosure specifically provided for this purpose. The room or enclosure
shall not be used for any other purpose except that spare parts and equipment for the maintenance of
the power source may be stored therein.

The emergency power source may be located external to the building which it serves, provided that:
(a) the power source is housed in a building or enclosure of fire-resistant construction complying
with the requirements of subclause 5.1.2; and
 (b) the wiring from the power source to the building which it serves complies with subclause 8.3
and is protected from physical damage.

For temporary structures such as carnivals, trade fairs, expositions, shows and the like, the power
source need not be located in a special room or enclosure provided that:

{a) the power source is located in an area accessible only to authorised persons as required by
subclause 5.1.3;and is protected from physical damage and the weather;

(b) the area is free from obstruction and complies with subclause 5.1.4.

5.1.2 Fire resistance

The materials and methods utilised in the construction of the room or enclosure provided in
accordance with subclause 5.1 ,I shall have a fire resistance in accordance with the Code of Practice
for Fire Precautions in Buildings.

5.1.3 Identification and access

The purpose of the room or enclosure s,V;a!l h3 c!eariy iqentjfiedby a label affixed on or adjacent to the
access door. The label shall read 'Emergency Lighting Power Source' and shall contain an instruction
to the e b c t that only authorised personnel may enter.

The access door shall be capable of being locked and a key shall be located in an adjacent break-
glass enclosure for fire fighting access.

5.1.4 Ventilation
1
i The room or enclosure shall be ventilated in accordance with the relevant requirements of the Building
Control Regulations and the Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings.

5.1.5 Segregation of emergency power sources

, Where a theatre or group of theatres is incorporated as part of a building complex, separate power
sources shall be provided for:

(a) the theatre or group of theatres; and

(b) the remainder of the building complex.

Each power source shall be housed in its own room or enclosure complying with subclauses 5.1 .I to
5.1.4 inclusive.
J
5.1.6 Use of UPS systems

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems may be used to serve as the emergency power source
for central systems provided that they :

(a) are used solely for that purpose; and

- = r

(b) comply with the applicable requirements of this section.

NOTE - Care should be taken in the selection of the UPS system to ensure that it is capable of starting up the
i connected emergency lighting load solely on the supply from the inverter, I.@,to accommodate peak i n ~ s h
currents associated with the switching of certain types of lamps from cold.
5.2 Batteries and battery installation
5.2.1 Acceptable types of batteries

Batteries shall be of a type designed for continuous float charging. .Thefollowing are examples of the
batteries which will comply with this requirement:

(a) Lead-acid plante batteries complying with fEC 60896-1and BS 6290 : Part 2 or equivalent;

(b) Lead-acid pasted plate batteries complying with AS 4029 : Part 3 or equivalent;

(c) Heavy duty lead-acid batteries with tubular positive plates;

(d) Open nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable batteries complying with IEC 60623 or
equivalent / alkaline batteries of vented pocket plate construction;

(e) Sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical rechargeable batteries complying with IEC 60285 or
equivalent / alkaline batteries with sintered electrodes;

rf l$e eted,otyi~level.
lf of vented type,'ihe cells shall permit ins~@r,iIz?c\
NOTE - Motor vehicle starting batteries do not comply with the above requirements.
5.2.2 Battery capacity
The capacity of the battery shall be such that it is capable of supplying an output final voltage,
measured at the battery terminals, of not less than the relevant value specified below when the total
load is connected for the rated period at any temperature within the range nominated in accordance
with Annex C.

(a) For d.c. reticulation systems. 85 percent of the nominal system voltage.

(b) For a.c. reticulation systems. The minimum voltage recommended by the battery manufacturer
provided that the a.c. voltage is maintained in accordance with subclause 5.4.3.

The number of cells employed in the battery shall be such that the individual cell voltages will not fall
below those recommended by the battery manufacturer, having regard to the rate of discharge. The
number of cells cannot be jess than the nominal voltage divided by 2.0 (for lead-acid) and 1.2 (for
nickel cadmium).

5.2.3 Prevention of over-discharge

The emergency supply system shall be so designed or arranged as to disconnect the battery from the
load when both of the conditions specified below have occurred:

(a) after operation of the emergency lighting for the rated period;

(b) when the battery voltage has fallen below 85 percent of the nominal system voltage.

Where such a cut-off device is provided the .iL\r:,. ::haC ~e crr;;n that the failure of any component will
not result in the disconnection of the battery from the load except under the conditions prescribed
above.

5.2.4 ldentification and arrangement of cells .

Each cell in the battery shall be legibly and durably rn&ked with an identification number to facilitate
the Iogging of maintenance records as required by Section Two of this code.
The cells shall be so arranged within the battery room or enclosure as to enable the maintenance
procedures prescribed in Section Two of this code, eg. inspection of electrolyte level, topping-up of
cells, checking of electrolyte density, measurement of cell voltage, to be readily carried out without . .
requiring individual cells to be moved,

5.2.5 Battery enclosure /stand

The materials used in the construction of the battery enclosure or stand shall be inherently resistant to
the corrosive effects of the battery electrolyte or shall be treated to prevent corrosion. The battery
enclosure shall be provided with adequate ventilation.

5.2.6 Unearthed supply system

The battery system shall be unearthed. An earth-fault detection system shall be installed to warn of
the breakdown of either conductor to earth. The sensitivity of the earth-fault detection system shall
not exceed 10mA.

5.2.7 Battery connections

All connections to the battery shall be .mad$ with,bplted,lugs. The battery shall not be tapped for
intermediate voltage and shall not be used tor any Junction other thari the supply of emergency lighting
in accordance with this code.
Each conductor between the battery charger and the battery shall be fitted with an overcurrent
protection device to protect the battery from discharging into the battery charger in the event of a fault
condition, and is located such that the battery is not prevented from supplying the emergency lighting
after the operation of the overcurrent device due to a fault in the charger.

All outgoing circuits from the battery to the load shall be protected in each conductor by a fuse or
circuit-breaker positioned as close as practicable to, but not more than 5rn from the battery.

5.2.8 Rating plate

A rating plate containing the following information shall be securely fixed on or adjacent to the battery
enclosure / stand in such a position as to be readily seen upon gaining access to the enclosure or on
approaching the battery siand, as appropriate:

(a) Manufacturer's brand name;

(b) Manufacturer's catalogue number;

(c) Number of cells and rated capacity, in ampere hours, of each cell at a specified rate of
discharge;

(d) Duty rating- amperes, period and end volts at a specified temperature.

5.3 Battery chargers

5.3.1 Facilities required

ZL k. >c. -
Battery chargers shall preferably be of the ronstarit+bieritidl $ i e with automatic boost charging
facilities. Where provision is made additionally for manual selection of boost charging, the battery
charger shall automatically reset to the float charge mode at the termination of boost charging.

The battery charger shall also be provided with a current limiting device to enable recharging of a fully
discharged battery without opening its protective devices.
NOTE - A current limiting constant-potential charging system is preferred on the basis of the proven long
battery life obtained using this method of charging but other methods as recommended by the battery
manufacturer may be used.,
5.3.2 Controt of output voltage

The charging equipment arrangements shall be such that, during charging with any load connected,
the voltage appearing at the origin of the emergency lighting distribution system will not exceed 110
percent of the nominal system voltage.
NOTE - The purpose of this requirement is to ensure that emergency luminaires will not be subjected to
voltages in excess of those for which [hey are designed.

The output voltage provided by the battery charger shall be maintained within tl pe; cent of the
preset value for all values of charging current up to and including the rated charger output current,
when operated in both the float charge and boost charge modes under the following input conditions:

(a) a.c. input voltages of within +5 per cent to -10 per cent of the rated value;

(b) Frequencies within kl per cent of the rated frequencies.

NOTE - A check shoutd be made of the expected variation in supply conditions at the location where the battery
charger is to be installed.

The design of the battery charger shall be such that when a standing load is connected to the system,
the r.rn.s. current in the battery circuit will not exceed 15 per cent of the 10-h capacity of the
batterye.g. 15A r.m.s. for a 100 A-h battery,

5.3.3 Rating of battery charger

The rating of the battery charger shall be such that:

(a) after the battery has been discharged from the fully charged state by supplying the to!al
connected emergency lighting load for the rated period; and

(b) after recharging for a period of not more than 24 hours

the battery will have recovered to the extent that it will be capable of sustaining a further discharge for
the same rakd period. The output voltage at the end of each discharge period shall be in accordance
with the requirements of subclause 5.2.2.
-
NOTE For cerlain premises, e.g. theatres, the relevant authority may require a recovery period shorter than 24
hours or otherwise may impose restrictions on reoccupation of the premises after operation of the emergency
lighting.

Where a maintained system is employed with the erne~ge'ncylighting load connected to the battery
terminals, the rating of the battery charger shall be such that in addition to supplying the total
connected emergency lighting load it will also be capable of maintaining the battery and recharging it
as prescribed above.

Where a separate inverter is employed, the rating of the battery charger shall take into account the
need to operate the inverter on no load in accordance with subclause 5.4.2.
5.3.4 Enclosure of battery charger

The battery charger shall be housed in an enclosure of adequate strength and rigidity. .The battery
charger may be incorporated in the battery enclosure 'provided that it is housed in a separate
compartment which is sealed to exclude battery fumes.

All openings In'the enclosure for cables connecting the batteries and the battery'charger shall be
provided with insulating bushes. . .
 5.3.5 Battery charger alarms

Visual and aural alarm systems capable of emitting continuous signals shall be provided to watn of
any malfunction of the emergency lighting supply. Any one of the alarm conditions referred to in
subclauses 5.23 and 5.3.8 shall actuate the systems which shall be capable of responding to both
momentary actuating signals and maintained actuating signals.

The signalling devices shall be located in a position in the building such that the emitted signals wilt be
seen and heard by the person responsible for the building.
NOTE - Location of the signalling devices in the battery room or enclosure fs acceptable provided that the
above requirement is met.

if the panel displaying the visual signalling device is located remote from the battery room or
enclosure, the panel on which the visible signal is displayed shall be appropriately identified.
Provision may be made for the muting of the audible alarm signal, provided that the muting device will
automatically reset when the alarm system is reset. Resetting of the alarm system shall be possible
only if the actuating alarm signal is no longer present.

5.3.6 8attery low-voltage alarms .$. YI+. . ...

A +

Visible and audible alarms shall be prqvided which shall be actuated when the battery voltage falls
below the relevant value specified in subclause 5.2.2. The alarms shall be energised from the battery
and the visual alarm shall be of a type which requires manual resetting.

5.3.7 Means for disconnecting the emergency lighting load

Where provision is made for manual disconnection of the battery from the emergency lighting load, the
isolating switch or device shall be either :

(a) arranged so that, when in the isolated position, it also isolates the normal lighting or a part of
the normal lighting which is essential for the normal occupation of the building; or

(bf installed in a manner which will ensure that the switch or device is not left in the isolated
pasition when the building is in use.
I

NOTE - The manual isolating switch or device may be used to permit disconnection of the emergency
lighting load :

0) during periods when the building is unoccupied; or

fii) when the battery has been discharged to the low voltage alarm limit by the operation of the
emergency lighting:
'r
to protect the battery from damage which may result from being excessively discharged.

Provision may be made for the automatic disconnection of the battery from the load to protect the
battery from damage due to excessively law voltage.

NOTE - The battery supplier should be consulted in the selection of !he appropriate voltage setting for the
protective device.

5.3.8 Instrumentation and controls

; The battery charger shall incorporate the following instrumentation and control equipment:

(a) Isolating switch for the as. supply;

' . (b) Indicating light for the a,c, supply;

(c) Voltmeter with indication for both the float and boost charge voltages (d,c.);
 8

i
CP 19 : 2000
I

(d) Charging ammeter (d.c.);

(e) Load ammeter (d.c.1;

(f) loat atImanual boost charge selector switch (momentary operaforij;

(g) A device to prevent backfeed to the charger from the battery in the event of a fault occurring
in the battery charger;
(h) Output fuses or circuit-breakers;

(1) Battery earth-fault alarm;

(i) Battery charger failure alarm sewed from the output of the charger;

(k) Battery cut-off alarm;

(I) An indicating light to promote warning of when the battery isolating switch is in the isolated
position.
.
t.'
-.* ...
1,

5.3.9 Rating plate

A rating plate containing the following information shall be securely fixed on or adjacent to the battery
charger :

(a) Manufacturer's brand name;

(b) Manufacturer's catalogue number;

(c) Manufacturer's serial number;

(d) Float voltage at a specified battery temperature; and

(e) Boost voltage;

(f) charger output current;

(g) Date of manufacture.

Where the battery charger is incorporated within the battery enclosure, the information may be
combined with that required by subclause 5.2.8 into a single rating plate.

5.4 Inverters
5.4.1 Reversible inverters

eversible inverters shall be arranged so that all components within the inverter are utilised in the
battery charger mode to ensure that no %arm-up" breakdown will occur upon mains failure (see
example in Figure 10 of Annex 8).

Whilst the normal electricity supply is available the Inverter shall function as a battery charger in
accordance with the requirements of subclause 5.3. Upon failure of the normal electricity supply the
inverter shall be automatically disconnected from the mains completely and shall function in
accordance with the requirements of subclause 5.4.3. The inveiter shall automatically resume the
function of the battery charger upon restoration of the mains supply.

-
NOTE Disconnectionof the inverter from the mains is required in order to prevent the inverter from feeding the
mains as well a2 the emergency lighting. . .
5.4.2 Separate inverters

In systems which employ a separate inverter and battery charger, the inverter shall be continuously
energised even if not carrying load whilst the normal electricity supply Is avaitable. A mains failure
changeover contactor shall be provided to switch the emergency lighting load between the mains and
the inverter output and vice versa (see example in Figure 9 of Annex 8).

5.4.3 Inverter rating

The inverter shall be capable of continuously supplying the total connected emergency Iighting load
and shall operate in accordance with the following requirements:

(a) Output frequency regulation : r 5 per cent of rated frequency

(b) Output voltage regulation r 5 per cent for all values of load, up to and including
100 per cent of the total connected emergency
lighting load, over the permissible d.c. input voltage
range (see subclause 5.2.2.b)

5.4.4 Instrumentation and controls ui+,,2 *2c,.7-t4 . I

The following instrumentation shall be provided with each inverter:

(a) Voltmeter (d.c.1;

(b) Ammeter (d.c.1;

(c) Output voltmeter (a.c.);

(d) Output ammeter (a.c.);

(4 Indicating light or other suitable means of indicating the presence of an a.c. input supply;

(f) Alarm to give warning of when there is no a.c. output from the inverter.

All meters shall have an accuracy of class 2 or better in accordance with IEC 60051-1, IEC 60051-2
and IEC 60051-9.

5.4.5 Inverter enclosure

The inverter shall be enclosgd in accordance with the requirements of subclause 5.3.4. The enclosure
shall be designed or arranga so as to provide ready access to all components.

5.5 Standby generator

5.5.1 Duties

A standby generator may be used solely to provide power to the emergency lighting system, or in
addition, to meet requirements other than those directly associated with emergency lighting.
7 " . , ,

5.5.2 Start-up

As emergency Iighting systems are required to reach the specified level of illuminance within the
maximum delay as specified in subclause 4.4.1, it is essential that either the generator is run at all
times during which emergency lighting might be required; or that the generator can be run up to its
required output within the maximum delay or that the generator be supplemented by a battery system.
 I
5.5.3 Automatic starting 3
f ':
Where the standby generator is capable of supplying the required Iight output within the maximum
delay as specified in subclause 4.4.1 and is not supplemented by a battery system, it shall be i
arranged to start automatically on failure of the normal electricity supply. Care should be taken that
batteries for such generator starting are of a type specially designed for standby operation and are -
provided with suitable chargers.

5.5.4 Standby generators supplemented by battery system

4'
When the emergency lighting is provided by a combined generator and supplementing battery td
system, arrangements shall be made to transfer the emergency lighting load, preferably automatically
from the battery system to the generator as soon as the tatter has been run up to its required output.
$1-
The supplementing battery system shall be in accordance with subclauses 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 with the
exception that the rated period (see subclauses 5.2.2,5.2.3and 5.3.3) may be reduced to half. 1
5.5.5 Fuel supply

A fuel supply shall be readily available ts ,enpure t!19f +be mergency lighting can be operated
E
continuously for the rated period following the failure of normal power supply.

6 Emergency power supply (single-point systems)

6.1 Application
Self-contained emergency luminaires including exit signs in single-point systems shall be designed .
and arranged in accordance with the appropriate requirements of this subclause.

6.2 Arrangement and control

6.2.1 General
Each self7contained emergency luminaire shall comply with the following requirements:

fa) Luminaire shall comply with SS 263 : Part 2.

(b) The normaf electricity supply to the luminaire shall be continuously monitored on the load side
of the protective device of the final circuit.
.
(c) For maintained luminaires, complete electrical isolation shall be provided between the normal
and emergency supplies to the load so as to prevent any interconnection between the two
supplies in the event of failure of the normal supply.

NOTE - An isolating transformer will not provide the degree of isolation required.
(d) Maintained luminaires shall be ready for emergency operation even though the normal
lighting is not used. -

(e) A cut-off device shall be provided to automatically disconnect the battery from the load before
the battery voltage falls below the minimum value recommended by the battery manufacturer.
The cut-off device shall automatically reset upon restoration of the normal supply and shall be
arranged so that, immediately following dis'connection, the drain imposed on the battery is not
greater than that recommended by the cell manufacturer for the operating conditions, so that
the battery will not be discharged to the extent that it isincapable' of recovery.
. .
 CP 19 :2000

6.2.2 Test switch

A switch shall be provided to permit the operation of each emergency Iuminaire or ekit sign to be
checked by simulating a supply circuit failure. The switch shalt be :

(a) accessible frdrn'ihe exterior of the emergency luminaire or exit sign and in a convenient
position for operation; and

(b) of a type which cannot be maintained in the test position without the attendance of the person
conducting the test.

Nohwithstandingthe above requirements, the following exemptions shall apply ;

(i) An internal test switch may be provided for emergency luminaires or exit signs of a
type for which it is impractical to incorporate an external test switch, e.g. vandal-
resistant luminaires or recessed troffer luminaires which have separate body
elements. The internal test switch shall be located in a position which is normally
accessible during lamp replacement.

(iij luminaires or exit signs which are

No test switch need tie' pr5ttidcd"tdrif=rC&~gei.,~y
designed for use in hazardous locitions, where the possibility af sparking resulting
from operation of tha switch would compromise safety features of the luminaire
design.

6.3 Batteries

6.3.1 Required type

Batteries shall be of the sealed rechargeable type specifically designed for emergency I standby use.
The batteries shall be fitted with self-resealing gas vents.

Batteries which are designed for operation only in a specified position, e.g. vertical, may be used
provided that any restriction which this may place on the mounting of the luminaire is clearly marked.

Where batteries are connected in series or parallel, they shall be of the same type and arr,pere-hour
capacity for a given rate of discharge.

NOTE -The purpose of this requirement is to ensure that in multiple battery systems the batteries are cut out
when the minimum voltage as recommended by the manufacturer is reached.

6.3.2 Battery capacity

<ec 22.4 6 -1 1
The capacity of the battery shall be such as to comply with the requirements of SS 263 : Part 2. [

Each battery shall be legibly and durAbly marked with the ampere-hour capacity assigned by the
I
battery manufacturer at a specified rate of discharge.

6.3-3 Provision for battery replacement

Batteries shall be located and secured within emergency furninaires and exit signs in a manner which
will enable their replacement to be readily effected without dismantling or replacing other components.

Connections between batteries and other equipment in the emergency luminaire or exit sign shall be
made by easily replaceable means, such as qilick-connect tab and receptacle connectors, which
provide a reliable electrical connection.
6.4 Battery chargers
The design of the battery charger shall be such that it will continue to function even if connected to a
battery in a fully discharged state. It shall also be capable of charging the battery in accordance with
subclause 5.3.3 within the range of supply conditions stated in items (a) and jb) of subclause 5.3.2.

The battery charger shall recharge and maintain the battery automatically whilst the normal supply to
the luminaire is available. The charging system shall be arranged such that the battery will not
receive a charge in excess of the limits recommended by the battery manufacturer under any
condition of operation.

Visual indication shall be provided for the battery charger operation. The indicator shall be connected
on the output side of the charger and shall be arranged such that failure of the indicator device will not
render the luminaire inoperative. The indicator shall be so located on the luminaire as to be visible
when mounted in any designed position.

6.5 Control equipment

Where the luminaire incorporates a discharge lamp, the c ~ n t r oequipment

l shall be such as to ensure
satisfactory starting and operating of the lamp -w~th~fi"th&
!:ange of ambient conditions expected in
normal service.

6.6 Self-contained emergency luminaires

6.6.1 Electrical and mechanical requirements

The luminaires shall comply with the appropriate requirements prescribed in SS 263 : Parts 1 and 2.
Where of the maintained type, the luminaires shall comply with SS 263 : Parts 1 and 2 both under
normal and emergency operating conditions.

The emergency power supply unit should preferably be protected against damage from a.c. supply
system transients. All components shall be securely fixed in position.

Printed circuit tracks and conductors shall be protected against corrosion, dust and humidity. Relays,
if used, shall be protected against dust by incorporation in dust-praof enclosures.

6.6.2 Marking

The luminaires shall be marked in accordance with the requirements of subclause 8.6.2 and shall also
be legibly and durably marked with the following information :

(a) The information necessary to ensure correct replacement of batteries;

(b) Any restriction on the mounting position .of the luminaire (see subclause 6.3.1);

(c) Identification of the battery charger operation indicator (see subclause 6.4) and any test
facility provided (see subclause 6.2.2).

Where the emergency power supply unit is locat4 srlg~%tzl.~ fm:? the luminaires, each assembly
shall be marked with the appropriate information required above.

For combined emergency luminaires, the location of the emergency lamp shall be clearly marked
together with any information necessary to ensure correct lamp replacement. ,
7 Provision of discharge test facilities
7.1 Scope

Facilities used for conducting periodic discharge tests on the emergency tighting system shall be in
accordance with the appropriate requirements of this subclause.

-
NOTE The intervals at which such tests should be carried out and the criteria which should he satisfied are set
out in Section Two of Ibis code.

7.2 Required facilities

Facilities shalt be provided for conducting a discharge test on all emergency luminaires and exit signs
without necessitating the disconnection of supply to the normal lighting. Such facilities shall be either
manually initiated or autamatically initiated and shall comply with the requirements of subclause 7.3 or
subclause 7.4 as applicable

The arrangement adopted shall check the correct functioning of all elements normally involved in
controlling the operation of the emergency luminaires and exit signs; The normal provision for sensing
loss of supply (see subclause 4.4.3.2) may, bcj i;r'e,~id2~!1!CP ?heduration of the discharge test but
shall be automaticaffy reinstated at the condusion of the test.

The test facility shall be arranged so that no charging current is supplied to the battery during the
performance of a discharge test.

NOTE - It should be noted that, for part of the period during and immediately after a discharge test, the building
may be without effective emergency lighting. This risk is considered acceptable, except when the inspecting
authority deems otherwise. When selecting a time for the discharge lest, consideration should be given to the
nature of the occupancy of the building in order to minimise the risk, e.g. conducting the test at a lime which will
permit recharging of the batteries when the building is unoccupied,

7.3 Manual testing facilities

Where provision is made for manual initiation of a discharge test on the emergency luminaires and
exit signs, the test facilities shall comply with the following :

(a) The test facility shall be provided for the operation of the relevant group of emergency
luminaires and exit signs by simulating a supply failure. For single-point systems, separate
test facilities may be provided to control specific groups of emergency luminaires and exit
signs, e.g. related to particular areas of the building. For central systems, the test facility shall
ensure the simultaneous operation of all emergency luminaires and exit signs connected to
the central battery.
NOTE - For some central systems, it will be necessary to install linking control wiring to effect a
6imulation of supply failure, simultaneously at all points where loss of normal supply is sensed.

(b) The test facility shall be capable of being manually reset, but shall automatically revert to the
normal state after the required duration.

NOTE - Provision may be made for,cp~ti~yp~~;,o~,$~e

?
. + discharge test beyond the required duration.

(c) The test facility shall be either key-operated or located in a position with restricted access,
e.g. in the switchboard enclosure supplying the normal lighting to the area concerned.

(d) The function of the test facility shall be clearly identified, e.g. 'Emergency Lighting Test
Switch'.
7.4 Automatic testing facilities .. .. . .,

7.4.1 System requirements

The facility shall ensure that each emergency'lumlnajreand exit sign is a ~ m a t i c a l l ysubjected to a
discharge test in accordance with the relevant procedure and test intervals specified in Section Two of
this code.

The system used to time the interval between successive discharge tests shall not be affected during
periods when the normal supply is interrupted.

The test facility shall be arranged so that, if the automatic timing and control system is rendered
indperative or malfunctions for any reason, the emergency luminaires and exit signs will still be
capable of functioning in response to loss of supply in accordance with subclause 4.4.3.2 or.
subclause 4.4.3.3, as appropriate.

Provision shall also be made for the manual initiation of a discharge test by any appropriate means.

7.4.2 Fully self-contained facilities

. c

Where individual emergency luminaires or exit signs incorporate facilities for automatic discharge
testing, the system used shall comply with the applicable requirements of Clause 6 of this code,

7.4.3 Centralised testing facilities

Where provision is made for centralised control of the automatic discharge testing of a group oi
emergency luminaires or exit signs, the relevant requirements for self-contained automatic discharge
testing facilities in Clause 6 of this code shall apply, in addition to the following:

(a) Each emergency luminaire and exit sign within a controlled group shall be clearly identified i'n
a manner which relates to a signal displayed on the central controller for easy identification of
the affected fitting.

(b) The operation of each emergency luminaire and exit sign shall be monitored during the test.
Notwithstanding Clause 6 of this code, the. indications of operational state required at each
emergency luminaire and exit sign need not be provided, subject to these indications being
available at the central controller or other designed monitoring points. The indication may be
in any appropriate form which is capable of being observed at those locations.

(c) For single-point systems, provision may be made for varying the test program, in terms of the
sequence and timing of the tests. However, the arrangement shall ensure that each
emergency luminaire and exit sign in the group is tested at intervals of not more than that
specified in Section Two of this code.

(d) The communication system utilised for control and data transfer between the central controller '
and each emergency luminaire and exit sign in the group may be of any appropriate type
affording adequate reliability for the purpose. Indication shall be provided at the controller of
any failure of the communication system.

NOTE - Consideration should be given to the need tgv

4

$:ttrd :%$-i~:.: !:.c~ssiblemaloperation of centrally

controlled automatic testing systems resulting from electromagnetic interference from other equipment or
systems.
8 Electrical wiring and luminaires
8.1 Application

The requirements of Clause 8 apply to the electrical wiring and lurninaire used in central systems for
reticulating the emergency supply from the power source to the emergency luminaires and exit signs.
NOTE - The requirements do not applyto single-point systems because each luminaire and exit sign is
provided with its own emergency power source, associated wiring and controls.

8.2 Circuit voltage drop

The fall in voltage from the output terminals of the emergency power supply to any point In the
installation shall not exceed 5 per cent when the total load served by the power source is connected.

NOTE - The 5 per cent limit prescribed above applies, irrespective of the voltage of the system, in order to
minirnise the reduction in light output from emergency luminaires, having regard to the fact that the vottage at the
emergency power source may be as tow as 85 per cent of the nominal value at the end of the rated period (see
subclause 5.2.2).
. <

8.3 fifev":"-
Protection of electrical installa€iorci~agairS"st a

8.3.1 General requirements-

Except where otherwise permitted below, all electrical wiring and luminaire provided in accordance
with this code shall be of such materials and so installed that fire wilt not impair the operation of the
emergency lighting throughout the specified rated period. In particular, the requirements outlined in
subclauses 8.3.2, 8.3.3 and 8.3.4 shall be observed.
NOTE -
Faifure of an individual luminaire due to a localised iire shall not affect the operation of other luminaires.
on the same circuit. The requirement of subciause 7.3.4 is intended to ensure that this objective is achieved.

Electrical wiring and luminaire installed within the following areas need not be protected as required
above provided that in the case of (b) the mains and sub-mains shall be protected in accordance with
the requirements of subclause 8.3.2.1

(a) in fire-protected areas;

(b) in buildings which are provided throughout with an automatic sprinkler system.

8.3.2 Protection of wiring

8.3.2.1 Mains and sub-mains

Cables and installation methods permitted by the SS CP 5 may be employed for mains and sub-mains
provided that they are further protected by a fire-resisting barrier affording the protection requiked by
subclause 8.3.1.For the purpose of this subclause the embedding of cable at least 50 mm beneath
concrete or plaster shall be deemed to be in compliance with this requirement,

The protection shall be provided from the point where the cable emerges from the room or enclosure
housing the emergency power source ta'eakh disiribziibn board and link box.

Fire-resistant cables cumplying with SS 299 : Part 1 need not be further protected as required above,
provided that the cable is securely fixed to the most substantial and fire-resistant parts of the bu'ilding
structure. High temperature seals shall be used at all joints and terminations.

8.3.2.2 Final circuits

Final circuits shaft be of fire-resistant cables complying with SS 299 : Part installed in accordance
with the relevant requirements of'subclause 8.3.2.1.
8.3.3 Protection of dfstribution boards and link boxes

Distribution boards and link boxes, where used, shall be installed in enclosures having a fire
resistance of not less than that prescribed in subclause 5.1.2.

8.3;4 Termination of wiring at emergency fumina~res

Luminaires shall he connected to the emergency supply wiring in accordance with the appropriate
method specified below:

(a) Luminaires mounted on walls or ceilings (other than suspended ceilings).

The cable shall be terminated at a protective device mounted either within the luminaire ar in
a metal-clad terminal box securely fixed adjacent to the luminaires.

(b) Luminaires mounted in suspended ceilings.

The cable shall be terminated at a protective device mounted within a metal-clad terminal box
securely fixed to the underside of structural members within the ceiling space adjacent to the
luminaires. Connection from the terminal box to t3;Q 1un;;ndire shall be by means of a flexible
cord, plug and socket. The socket shall be incorporated in the terminal box enclosure in such
a position as to facilitate withdrawal of the plug in the event of the collapse of a ceiling.
'

For both (a) and (b), conductors on the supply side of the protective device shall be sleeved with high
temperature grade insulating material, The rating and characteristics of the protective device shall be
selected to provide satisfactory discrimination and to ensure that the device protects the circuit at its
origin.

8.4 Segregation or identification of mains and sub-mains

Mains and sub-mains cables for the emergency lighting system shall not be installed in the same
conduit, duct or troughing as wiring not associated with the emergency lighting system. In addition,
unless enclosed in conduit, ducts or troughing, they shall be identified by means of labels bearing the
words 'Emergency Lighting' securely fixed to the cables at all normal access points and at intervals
not exceeding 5 rn.

8.5 Arrangement of final circuits

Final circuits shall be so arranged that:

(a) emergency luminaires in fire-protected areas are on separate circuits from emergency
luminaires in all other areas;

(b) in fire-protected areas alternate emergency luminaires are supplied from separate final
circuits; and

(c) where an undivided area within a building exceeds 500 m2, emergency luminaires are
supplied by more than one circuit and are so arranged that in the event of failure of one
circuit, a comprehensive and evenly spaced p!%,rn of ~ ~ r n i ^ ~ 3 !remains
:@~ operative on other
circuits.
-
NOTE For the purpose of this subclause the term 'undivided area' means an area bounded by partitions which
are full height and do not admit light.
8.6 Emergency luminaires and exit signs
8.6.1 Electrical safety

Luminaires and exit signs shall comply with the appropriate electrical safety requirements of SS 263 :
Parts 1 and 2.
8.6.2 Marking

In addition to the information required by SS 263 : Part 1 and SS 263 : Part 2, each emergency
luminaire and exit sign shall be legibly and durably marked with the following information:

(a) The classlfication of the luminaires determined in accordance with Annex A;

(b) Identification of the direction of the Co and Cw vertical planes through the fuminaire (see
Annex A), Such identification shalt be located in a position which is readily visible during
installation to facilitate correct orientation of the luminaire;

(c) Any information necessary to ensure correct lamp replacement;

(d) Any warning notice regarding isolation of the electrical supply or supplies required to ensure
the safety of persons working on the luminaires.

8.7 Identification of emergency luminaires

The identification symbol illustrated In Figure f shall be displayed on or adjacent to each emergency
luminaire. The symbol shall not be fixed to the diffu~srsaf
. - I
an .emz:3ency luminaire or to removable
ceiling tiles.

The symbol shall not be less than 10 mrn in diameter and shall be so located as to be readily visible
from floor level.

The symbol shall be black on a white background as illustrated below:

Figure 1 - Identification symbol for emergency luminaires

Section Two - Maintenance procedures

9 Scope, definitions and general requirements
9.1 Scope
I

This section prescribes maintenance procedures which are intended to ensure continued compliance
with the provisions in Section One of this code.

9.2 Definitions , -- . --:..

,I --
*,
, <:.:;,'''-) , "; , t- ,.

For the purpose of this section, the definitions given in Section One of this code shall apply.

9.3 General requirements

The complete emergency lighting system shall be maintained in accordance wiih the relevant
procedures prescribed in this section of the code. Maintenance shall only be carried out by persons
authorised to do so by the relevant authority, and having qualifications and experience suitable for the
work on whlch they are engaged.
10 Information required for maintaining the systems
10.1 Operating and maintenance manual '
. .

10.1 .IProvision of a manual

An operatlng and maintenance manual in a durable hard-bound cover shall be provided for each
emergency lighting installation and shall contain:

(a) the data required to carry out the maintenance procedures prescribed in Clause 11 or 12 as
appropriate;

(b) the information requlredby subclause 10.t -2or 10.1.3as appropriate;

(c) the information listed in Annex D, where applicable, for the guidance of maintenance
personnel.

The operating and maintenance manual shall be kept up-to-date, to take into account any
modifications or additions made to the installation. .<: , .
NOTE - For the continued safisfactory operation of the installation, it is essential for the manual to be kept up-
to-date in all respects.

The operating and maintenance manual shall be kept on the premises at all times.

10.1.2 tnformation relating to central systems

The manual shall contain the information set out below:

(a) Battery data

Battery voltage, number and ampere-hour rating of cells.

(b) Battery charger data

Complete circuit diagrams in schematic diagram form; detailed form; detailed description of
operation; float and boost charge voltage settings and available ranges; rated maximum
charging current; operation and adjustment procedures; recharge time at available boost
charge voltages and currents; alarm settings; and list of recommended spares.
(c) Inverter data

Complete circuit diagrams in schematic form; detailed description of operation; rated d.c.
input voltage and alIowable tolerances; rated a.c. output voltage, frequency and specified
tolerance; rated maximum output current; operation and maintenance procedures; alarm
setting; and list of recommended spares.

(d) Installation plans

As-installed plans showing the location of all emergency lighting equipment including all
emergency luminaires, their supply circuits; all sub-mains cable routes; luminaires and lamp
details.

(e) Wiring diagrams

As-installed circuit diagrams covering the entire emergency lighiing installation external to the
battery charger and inverter panels. These diagrams shall show cable' sizes, cirduit breaker
andlor fuse sizes; ielay andlor contactor ratings and the totat emergency lighting maximum
demand.
(0 Maintenance schedule
A detailed maintenance schedule setting out step by step the tests required by Clause I 1 at
each of the nominated intetvals. Reference shall be made to the appropriate part of the
manual for the data required during each test.

10.3 "3 Information relating to ~ i n ~ l e - ~ osystems

lnt
The manual shall contain the information set out below:

(a) Installation plans

As-installed plans showing the location of all self-contained emergency luminaires and exit
signs and their supply circuits. Each luminaire shown is to be given a separate number for
maintenance records identification purposes and a legend included to show the type of each
luminaire where different luminaires are installed,

(b) Connection diagram

As-installed circuit diagrams showing the typical exlernnl cg~rrectionsfor each vpeof self-
contained emergency luminaire and exit sign..

(c) Luminaire data

Full technical data including lamp information far each type of self-contained emergency
luminaire and exit sign.

(d) Maintenance schedule

A detailed maintenance schedule setting out step by step the tests required by Clause 12 at
each of the nominated intervals. Reference shall be made to the appropriate part of the
manual for the data required for each test.

10.1.4 Additional information relating to automatic discharge testing systems

Where facilities are provided for automatic discharge testing to verify compliance witn subclauses
11.3.7 or 12.3.1, the operating and maintenance manual shall contain the following information:
11-2.7,

(a) The location of any control and indicating panels, if applicable;

(b) Details of the operation of the system, including the meanings given to the indications of
systems status that are provided;

(c) Where a centratised system of control is used, identification of the association between
individual. emergency luminaires and exit signs and the controllers to which they are
connected.

10-2 Maintenance records

The installer of the emergency lighting system shall provide maintenance records in a durable hard-
bound cover or an alternative system for the recording of maintenance information. These shall be
kept on the premises at all times.
Provision shall be made to enter all details in the record that are required to be maintained in
accordance with ~lauses't1 and 12, as appropriate.
. I _ . ..
All entries shall be made by the authorised person and shall be dated and signed.
1I Maintenance procedures for central battery systems i'
11.I Weekly procedures

(a) Check battery voltage and charging current in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions and record them in the maintenance records.

(b) Check batteries including terminals for cleanliness and correct level of electrolyte in each cell
to ensute that they are in good sewiceable condition.

(c) Check condition of battery cabinet for corrosion and ensure that batteries are stored in a
secure condition.

(d) Check to ensure that all indicating lights are operating correctly and replace if faulty.

fe) Simulate power supply failure by disconnecting the main supply and check the proper
operation of the changeover device. Record the battery voltage under load condition in the
maintenance records.

NOTE -Any unusual observation should be recorded in the maintenance records, Some guidance is given lo
the maintenance personnel in Annex D.

11.2 Six-monthiy procedures

11.2.1 Genera!
The procedures prescribed in subclauses 11.2.2 to 1 1.2.6 inclusive shall be carried out at intervals of .
not greater than six months.

11.2.2 Batteries

(a) For lead-acid batteries, select randomly at least 10 per cent of the total number of cells in the
battery and record the folIowing information in the maintenance records :

(i) Electrolyte density;

(ii) State of charge of each cell, determined from the measured electrolyte density and the
data provided in the operating and maintenance manual.
NOTE -Measurements on the limited number of cells serve to monitor general trends in the
performance of the battery between the 12-monthly checks on all cells required by subclause 11.3.2.

(b) Check the elecirolyte level in each cell and top up those cells which are tower than the
recommended level. Record in the maintenance records any cell which requires topping up.
Checking of the electrolyte level shall be carried out before the battery is boost-charged (if
this is required).

NOTE -During boost charging the electrolyte level rises due to release of gas and increase in
temperature. Consequently a false level would be indicated if checked within a period of 1 hour following
a boost charge.

(c) Inspect all cell containers for electrolyte leakage. Mop up any spilt liquid and neutratise as
necessary (see Annex 0).

(d) For all types of batteries, inspect cell connections for signs of corrosion and tighten any foose
joints. Treat all exposed metal surfaces with a coating of petroleum jelly or other suitable
battery terminal preservative.
112 . 3 Battery chargers

(a) Visually inspect all components for signs of malfunction. Pay particular attention to indicating
lamps, relays and contactors.

(b) Remove any dust or dirt that may have accumulated within the cubicle.

(c) Check that the battery is operating within the normal float voltage limits marked on the scale
of the d.c, voltmeter provided on the battery charger. Record the reading in the maintenance
records.

(d) Check all connections for tightness.

112 . 4 Inverters

(a) Visually inspect components for signs of malfunction.

(b) Record the d.c. input voltage and current in the maintenance records. Check against data in
the operating and maintenance manual to ensure that it is within the inverters' tolerance
limits.
- *
.* .. . 2' ' 1 '

(c) Record the a.c. output voltage 2nd current in the maintenance records. Check against data in
the operating and maintenance manual to ensure that it is within the output tolerances given
for the inverter.

11 -2.5 Distribution and control equipment

(a) Visually inspect relays, contactors, circuit breakers and fuses for signs of malfunction.

(b) Check all connections for tightness.

(c) Remove any dust or dirt that may have accumulated within the distribution and control
equipment enclosures.

(d) ,Isolate the coil circuit of all-sensing relays or contactors from the a.c. supply and observe that
they operate correctly to bring on the emergency lighting.
NOTE - This may be done in conjunction with the test discharge required by subclause 1 1.2.7.1.
11.2.6 Luminaires and exit signs

Observe that all emergency luminaires and exit signs function satisfactorily. Replace any defective
lamp.

NOTE - This may be done in conjunction with the test discharge required by subclause 11.2.7.1.
11 -2.7 System check

11 -2.7.1 Manual discharge test facilities

" * . i * . < < < e b F , a , "
.-.<'=--r-=?c!: --%.J -:.-- L -,<

Where manual discharge test facilities are provided, the following procedure shall be carried out to
check the operation of the emergency lighting system :

(a) Turn the battery charger off, simulate a mains failure and carry out a partial discharge test at
I00 percent of the installed emergency lighting load. Allow the test to continue until the
operation of all emergency luminaires and exit signs has been checked, as required by
subclause I t .2.6: . '

During the discharge test, check that the charger-failure alarm operates satisfactorily.
(b) Restore the system to normal operation, turn the battery charger on and recharge the battery.

112.7.2 Automatic discharge test facilities

Where automatic discharge test facilities are provided, a visual check shall be made of the
operatfonal status of all emergency luminaires and exit signs by means of the indications given at the
controller or associated indicator panel.

Those units which failed the previous discharge test shall be either repaired and restored to normal
condition or replaced.

11.3 Twelve-monthly procedures

11-3.1 General

The procedures prescribed in subclauses 11 -3.2to 11-3.6inclusive shall be carried out at intervals of
not greater than 12 months.

11.3.2 Batteries

(a) For lead-acid batteries, record the following information in the log book for each cell in the
battery:

(i) Electrolyte density;

(ii) State of charge determined from the measured electrolyte density and the data
provided in the operating and maintenance manual.

(b) Check the electrolyte level in all cells and record in the maintenance records. Checking of
electrolyte level shall be done before the battery is boost charged (if this is required). Top up
all cells to the H.L. mark before boost charging.
NOTE - During boost charging the electrolyte level rises due to release of gas and increase in
temperature. Consequently a false level would be indicated if checked within a period of 1 hour following
a boost charge.

(c) Inspect all cell containers for electrolyte leakage. Mop up any spilt liquid and neutralise as
necessary. Clean all cells with a moist cloth.

(d) Inspect all cell connections for signs of corrosion and tighten any loose joints. Treat all
exposed metal surfaces with a coating of petroleum jelly or other recognised battery terminal
preservative.

(e) With the battery on float charge, measure the overall battery voltage and individual cell
voltages using an instrument with an accuracy of 1.5 per cent oribetter. Check the readings to
the second decimal place. Record the cells which have a voltage differing from the average
by more than a 0.03V.

NOTE - The battery / cell data obtained shall be compared to the limits given in the operating and
maintenance manual. Where departures from the give? I6r!trs , i.b$i.-?.i.d.
~ appropriate corrective
action shall be taken.

1 1.3.3 Battery chargers

(a) Carry out all the checks listed in subclause 11.2.3.

(b) Check the calibration of voltmeters and ammeters using an instrument having an accuracy of
class 1.5 or better in accordance with IEC 60051.
(c) Check that the battery earth-fault detection system, if provided, operates satisfactorily.'

(d) Check that the battery low-voltage alarm, if provided, operates satisfactorily.

1I.3.4 Inverters

(a) Carry out all the checks listed in subclause 11.2.4.

(b) Check the calibration of voltmeters and ammeters using an instrument having an accuracy of
class 1.5 or better in accordance with IEC 60053.

11.3.5 Distrihutlan and cantrol equipment

Carry out all the checks listed in subclause 11.2.5.

11.3.6 ~urninaires
and exit signs

(a) Carry out all the checks listed in subclause 1 1.2.6.

(b) Clean all light-emitting andlar reflecting surfaces. .,.

(c) Visually check to ensure that .emergency luminaires and exit signs operate in correct
relationship to the normal lighting in the designated area. (see requirements for the
arrangement and control of central systems in subclause 4.4.3)
NOTE - This check is relevant where retrofitting of normal lighting system has been carried out.
f 1.3.7 Discharge test

11.3.7.1 Manual discharge test facilities

Where manual discharge test facilities are provided, the following procedure shall be carried out to
check the operation of the emergency lighting system :

(a) Turn the battery charger off, simulate mains failure, and carry out a discharge test using 100
percent of the instatled emergency lighting load. Allow the test to continue for the required
rated period .

On completion of the discharge test, measure the battery voltage. If the battery voltage is
below acceptable limits, the battery shall be either serviced or replaced.

NOTE 1 - Provision may be made for continuance of the discharge test beyond the required in-service
duration.

NOTE 2 - Acceptable limits for the battery voltage as specified by the manufacturer.
(b) Restore the system to normal operation, turn the battery charger on, and manually select the
boost-charger mode, if provided. Carry out the following :

(i) Check that, after the batteries have been recharged, the battery charger has changed
over automafiEallS, to the flvat-charger mode: ' -

(ii) For d.c. reticulated systems, measure the maximum voltage at the origin of the
emergency lighting distribution system during boost charging.
-
NOTE This check may require the connection of a suitable peak-reading voltage measuring instnrmerit
during boost charging. . .

Tile voltage measured as required by item (ii) shall be not more than 116% of the nominal
voltage.
When it is necessary for the battery to be replaced, the emergency lighting system .shall be
recommissioned in accordance with the above procedure, except that the discharge test shall be
continued for 1.33 times the required rated period.

11.3.7.2 Automatic discharge test facilities

Where automatic discharge test facilities are provided, a visual check shall be made of the operational
status of all emergency lrrminaires and exit signs by means of the indications given at the controller or
associated indicator panel.

Those units which failed the previous discharge test shall be either repaired and restored to normal
condition, or replaced,

12 Maintenance procedures for self-contained emergency luminaires and

exit signs
12.1 General
The procedures prescribed in subclauses 12.2 and 42.3 shall be carried out at intervals not greater
than those specified.

NOTE - Groups of self-contained emergency luminaires and exit signs may be tested on a rotational basis
provided that the maintenance intervals for the individual luminaires do not exceed those specified.

72.2 Monthly procedures

Obseive that the self-contained emergency luminaires and exit signs function satisfactorily. Replace
any defective tarrip.

12.3 Twelve-monthly procedures

t 2.3.1 Discharge test
2 . 3 . Where manual discharge facilities are provided, the following procedures shall be carried
out :

a) Operate the emergency luminaires and exit signs from their battery supply by simulating
failure of the monitored supply. The luminaires and exit signs shall remain illuminated for not
less than the required rated period.
NOTE - Provision may be made for continuance of the discharge test beyond the required duration,
e.g. until operation is terminated by the automatic battery cut-off device.

b) Restore the emergency luminaires and exit signs to normal condition and check that the
battery charger operation indicator functions correctly.

12.3.1.2 Automatic discharge test facilities

Where the emergency luminaires and exit signs are provided with facilities for automatic discharge
testing, a visual check shall be made of the operational status of each unit either by means of the
indicator at each unit, where self-contained facilities are provided, or by means of the relevant
controller or indicator panel where centralised testing facilities are provided,

Those units which failed the previous discharge test shall be either repaired and restored to normal
condition, or replaced.

-
NOTE A discharge test may also be carried out at any time using the rnanual initiation facility, where provided,
i n accordance with subclause 7.3.
12.3.2 Clean all light-emitting andlor reflecting surfaces.

12.3.3 Replace any defective lamp. '

12.3.4 Visually check to ensure that emergency luminaires and exit signs operate in correct
relationship to the normal lighting in the designated area. (see requirements for the arrangement and
control of central systems in subclause 4.4.3)

NOTE - This check is relevant where retrofitting of normal lighting system has been carried out.
12.4 ' Battery replacement
Replacement of batteries in the emergency luminaires and exit signs shall be carried out in
accordance with the following requirements :

(a) Where more than one cell is utilised, the complete battery pack shall be replaced.

jb) Replacement batteries shalt be of the same type and ampere-hour capacity.

(c) A discharge test shall be conducted in accordance with suhciatlse 12.8 1 except that the test
shalt be continued for 1.33 times the required in-service duration.
 Annex A
Classification of emergency luminaires

A.1 Basis of classification

The system described in this for classifying emergency luminaires is based on the following i4
considerations:
f+
(a) The general shape of the intensity distribution curves in the transverse (C.) and longitudinal (C.) 1I
vertical planes through the luminaire (see Figure 2). The classification for each plane is
considered separately. r?
r:

Figure 2 - Vertical planes through emergency luminaire

for measurements of luminous Intensity

(b) The actual luminous intensity in the downward vertical direction. This value is used for
convenience but is related to the intensities at other angles by the characteristic distribution
shape.

The purpose of the classificationis to enable rules to be prescribed relating lurninaire mounting height
t o spacing in order to simplify both the design of emergency lighting installations and the assessment
of compliance.

NOTE - The relevant authority may require evidence to be supplied in support of the classification marked on
the luminaires e.g, test report from an independent laboratory.

8.2 Test conditions

'7
A.2,1 General bf

C i.
i
The emergency luminaire shall be tested in accordance with the requirements prescribed in this
Annex and under the appropriate conditions specified in BS 5225 : Part 1. a c3
g; '

%:
? 7
A"2.2 Alternative luminaire combinations
Where the emergency luminaire is designed for use in several different combinations (e.g. the same
basic luminaire with different diffusers) each combination shall be tested as prescribed and
information shall be marked on the luminaire to enable identification of the classification 'for each of
the combinations.

A.2.3 Mounting position

The emergency luminaire shall be mounted in the horizontal plane for the purpose of the tests unless
of a type which is not designed for this application. Where designed for use in other mounting
positions (e.g. on a wall or other vertical surface) the emergency luminaire shall be tested in each of
the designed mounting positions and information shall be marked on the luminaire to enable
identification of the classification for each mounting position.

NOTE - Marking on the lurninairk to relate the dassification to the mounting position is not required where the
luminaire is'designed far mounting only in the horizontal plane.

A.2.4 Test voltage

. 7.. P

For the photometry necessary to establish the classification ot an emergency luminaire the relevant
test voltage prescribed below shall be applied:

(a) Luminaires without integral battery supply

The test voltage shall be 80 percent of the rated voltage of the luminaires. Where the
luminaire is marked for operation within a range of voltages, the towest marked voltage shall
be used as the basis for determining the test voltage. . .

(b) Self-contained emergency luminaires

The test voltag'e shall be as determined in accordance with SS 263 : Part 2. The batteries
shall be disconnected and replaced by a separate d.c. supply of the required voltage.

A.3 ' Procedure for deriving Iuminaire classification

A.3.1 General procedure

The luminous intensities emitted by the luminaire shall be measured'in both the Coand Cw planes at
the angles specified inTable 3 and in the downward vertical direction, The luminaire shall then be
assigned an alphanumeric classification in accordance with subclause A.3.2.

Where the luminous intensities emitted on either side of the downward vertical in the Coor CWplane
differ, i.e. the luminaire has an asymmetric light distribution in the particular plane, the luminous
intensities for the half-plane which results in the lowest dassification shall be used.

The luminaire may be assigned more than one classification provided it complies with the
requirements which are applicable for each of the classifications assigned.
- . , -.-.. . + .%

Different ctassifications may be assigned in the Co and Cw planes (see Figure 2) provided each
t
classification is specificaliy related to the relevant plane.

-
~xarnplk Where a lurninaire is assigned C c l a ~ s i f i c ~ t i o iihe
i n Goplane and a 8 classification in
the Cw plane, the luminaire would be marked as follows:

CdC
cfl
 d

i ",
1
CP 19: 2000

Where lamps of differing light output may be used within the luminaires it shall be classified separately
for each condition of use. Each alternative classification shall be indicated, together with information
I '

which will identify the lamp to which the particular classification relates. . ,"
I
i

A.3.2 Method of assigning the classification

A.3.2.f General Ii "a

I
The classification assigned to an emergency lurninaire shall comprise the combination of an
alphabetic and a numerical designation, determined in accordance with Paragraph A.3.2.2 and
A.3.2.3 respectively. 1
I
'

A.3.2.2 Alphabetic component of the classification f *'

The aIphabetic component of the classification, in the form of the letters A, 6, C,D or E, shall be
assigned in accordance with the follawing procedure, based on the general shape of the luminous
i-
intensity distribution in the appropriate vertical plane (see Paragraph A.3.1) i '

-
NOTE Figure 3 illustrates Ule charactehstic shape of the luminous intensity disirihution crmes for the general i
dasses of emergency lurninaire that are specified in this code.
I
$
*

The luminous intensities at each of the measured angles shall be not less than the values determined
i-
from the following equations, as applicable:
I-

[a) For Class A emergency luminaires -

JP
- &cos 4 y (fory 570')

(b) For Class I3 emergency luminaires -

1,
-- I,cos =y (fory 170') ... A2 . . .

(c) For Class C emergency luminaires - -

1!

1,
- cos y (fory 570") ... A3
(d) For Class D emergency luminaires -

(fory 170") ... A4

(e) For Class E emergency luminaires -

(fory 130") ... A5

where

I, = luminous intensity emitted at the particular angle, in candela~(cd)

L
6= luminous intensity in the downward vertical direction, assigned in accordance
with Paragraph A3.2.3, in candelas (cd)

i Y = angle from the downward vertical at which the luminous intensity is

measured, in degrees.
The lvminous intensity for any one measurement angle up to and Including 30Qfrom the downward
vertical may, for that angle only, be up to 20% below the minimum value determined from the relevant
equation.

NOTE - It is not necessary for the intensity distribution curve for an emergency lurninaire to precisely
match the indicative curves illustrated above; only that the ratio ty to 4 at each of the angles specified in
Table 6 be equal to or greater than the appropriate minimum values given in that table.

Figure 3 - Characteristic shape of intensity distribution curves for the general classes of
emergency lurninaire specified in A.3.2.2

A-3.2.3 Numerical component of the classification

A numerical classification shall be assigned corresponding to any value in the following series which
is equal to or less than the actual luminous intensity in the downward vertical direction 12.5,16, 20,
25,32,40,50,63,80, 100,125,160,200,250,320,400,500,625, 800,etc.
NOTE - The above values are preferred numbers.
AA Marking of information relating to the lumlnaire classlfication
.. . . . . .
he emergency luminaire shall be ciearly and durably marked with infonation to enable identification
of the specific classification(s) determined In accordance with this Annex, taking into account the
following factors, as applicable:

(a) Differences in the luminous intensities emitted in the transverse (GO)and longitudinal ((2%)
vertical planes (see subclause A.3.1);

(b) The types of lamps with which it may be used (see subclause A.3.1);

(c) The various alternative forms in which the luminaire may be used (see subclause A.2.2);

(d) The designed mounting positions (see subclause A.2.3).

 Annex B
Diagrams illustrating certain requirements or characteristics of
emergency lighting systems

Figure 4 - Schematic arrangement of self-contained emergency luminaire

(maintained changeover system)

h"d L
L
. orm ma. . , T o normal
luminaires

fi~htswitch

figure 5 - Schematic arrangement of self-contained emergency luminaire

(maintained floating system)
 LL Normal To normal
lumtnalres

light switch

Figure 6 - Schematic arrangement of self-contained emergency luminaire

(non-maintained)

~oma
rtgnung
distribution board

for norrnal lighting

.mquired lo atlow testing

Emergency llghtlng disfrlbutran board

{may farm p a of normal distibdon .board)

Figure 7 - Diagram illustrating sensing and control of emergency lighting

(d.c. centrat system)
 Conflnud (if qpllcable)
lo olhrr uem or lsvelr
,Normal liohtino dlslrlbulinn hoard

Final circuit
for normat lighting

Emergency liuhting
dlstriblrtion board

Emergency fighung
circuit

--
i
t
I Centfat
Inverter "--P I

--
oqulpment

i--

Figure 8 - Diagram illustrating sensing and control of emergency lighting

(inverter central system)

Figure 9 - Slight-break charger, battery, Inverter system

-
- Normally c l o d

-
-

Figure 10 - Slight-break reversible inverter system

 Annex E
. .
Typical information to be supplied by the purchaser
of an emergency lighting system

C.1 Building plans

For new buildings .(and where available for existing buildings) one set of scaled architectural plans
showing the following :

(a) Circulation routes;

(b) Fire protected area;

(c) Exits;

(d) Constructional details of relevant building elements;

(e) Location of electrical switchboards and where applicable, the fire indicator panel location;

(0 Positions and locations of proposed emergency luminaires.

C.2 Central systems

C.2.1 Battery / charger equipment (D.C. output)

C.2.1.1 Type

State whether:

(a) Maintained;

(b) Non-maintained;

(c) Combined.

C.2.1.2 Load

State:

(a) Kilowatts;

(b) Nature of load (incandescent / fluorescent).

C.2.1.3 Input

State:

fa) a.c. voltage availabte;

(b) Supply frequency.

 State:

(a) Nominal d.c. voltage;

(b) Limits of system voltage, if more stringent than those given in subclause 5.3.2.

C.2.1.5 Temperature

State ambient temperature conditions of the location where the system is to be installed.

C.2.1.6 Battery

State:

(a) Lead-acid or nickel-cadmium or other types

. ' (b) Rated period

C.2.f -7 Auxiliaries

State:

(a) Additional equipment required but not specified in this code e.g. output fuses/circuit breakers.

(b) Fitting of mains failure relays, solid state or mechanical, to be provided by the manufacturer or
fitted by an installation contractor.

C.2.2 Battery / charger / inverter equipment (a.c. output)

C.2.2.1 Type

State whether:

(a) Separate inverter, battery charger, battery arrangement (see Figure 9);

(b) Slight-break reversible inverter (see Figure 10);

(c) No-break separate inverter, battery charger, battery arrangement (see Figure 6).

C.2.2.2 toad

State:

(a) Kilovolt-amperes and power factor or kilowatts;

(b) Nature of toad (incandescent, iluorescent, discharge).

C.2.2.3 Input

State:

fa) d.c. input voltage to inverter;

Ib) a.c. input voltage to charger;

(c) Supply frequency.

C.2.2.4 Output

State:

(a) ' a.c. output voltage and frequency of inverter;

(b) d.c. output voltage of charger.

C.2.2.5 Ambient temperature

State:

Range of temperature in which the inverter equipment will have to operate.

C.2.2.6 Battery

State:

(a) - Whether tead-acid or nickel-cadmium or other types;

(b) Rated period.

 Annex 6)
Guide for the maintenance of baiteries and battery chargers ry

D.1 General
Subclause 10.1.1 requires the provision of the information listed in this Annex, where applicable, tb be
included in the operating and maintenance manual for the guidance of maintenance personnel.
i
I'
D.2 Checking of electrolyte level 1
It is to be expected that the electrolyte level will gradually decrease owing to loss of water by gassing
and evaporation. The rate of decrease varies for each installation depending on the frequency of
discharge/charge cycles and therefore no general guidance can be given on the decrease to be
expected. However, on float charging, negligible water consumption indicates undercharging and
excessive water consumption indicates overcharging. Experience will determine the normal pattern
and instances of marked departure from this pattern should be investigated to determine the cause
and the apprapri'ate corrective action to be taken. Individual or numerous cells s' 12 hi'r;. y ;i+laying
these abnormalities shall be inspected, for example:

(a) Internal short circuits; and

(b) Loose or corroded intercell connections.

D.3 Battery float voltage limits

During a routine test if the battery float voltage is discovered to be outside the specified limits the
cause may be one of the following:

(a) faulty voltage regulation of the battery charger;

(b) Mains voltage variation outside the limits prescribed in subclause 5.3.2,
(c) Battery charger overloaded. This may occur where an emergency lighting load is connected
permanently across the battery and that load exceeds that for which the battery charger is
designed;
(d) Inaccurate d.c. voltmeter.

D.4 Cell fioat voltages/electrofyte density

During routine tests of cells, individual cells displaying abnormal cell voltages and electrolyte density
should be checked for:

(a) lnternal short circuits; and

(b) Loose or corroded intercell connections.
NOTE - Electrolyte density refers to lead-acid batteries.
When the cause is identified, take the appropriate corrective action, Where i h ~ sIS nor pracilcable,
advise the owner of the building who will then be bound to act in accordance with the requirement of
the relevant authority. The importance of this lies in the fact that early cell failure or loss of reserve
capacity may result from a float voltage outside the limits prescribed by the manufacturer.

D.5 Meutralising of spilt battery liquid

Use sodium bicarbonate for lead-acid batteries and 3 per cent boric acid solution for nickel-cadmium
batteries.
 Publications referred So in this standard:

AS 4029 : - Stationary batteries - lead-acld

Part 3 : 1993 Pure lead positive pasted plate type

BS 5225 : - Photometric data for luminaires

Part f : 1975 Photometric measurements

BS 6290: - Lead-acid stationary cells and batteries

Part 2 : 1999 Specification for the high performance Plante positive type

1EC 60051 : - . Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their
accessories

Part. .1 : 1997 Definitions and general requirements common to all parts

, " , 1

Part 2: 1984 Special requirements for ammeters and voltmeters

Part 9 : 1988 Recommended test methods

IEC 60285:1999 Alkaline secondary cells and batteries - sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical
rechargeable single cells

IEC 60623: 1990 Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells

IEC 60896-1 : - Stationary lead-acid batteries - general.requirementsand methods of test

Part 1 : 1987 Vented types

SS 263 : - Specification for luminaires

Part I : 2000 General requirements

Part 2 : 1998 Particular requirements - luminaires for emergency lighting

SS 299 : - Fire resistant cables

Parf I : 1998 Performance requirements for cables required to maintain circuit

- integrity under fire conditions

SS 364 : 1993 Fire safety signs

SS CP 2 : 1979 Code of practice for the installation, operation and maintenance of electric
passenger and goods lifts

SS CP 5 : 1998 Code of practice for electrical instaftations

Code of practice for fire precautions in buildings published by the Fire Safety Bureau,
.. ., Singapore Civil
Defence Force . .
" "
. Y .
 . .r

THE SINGAPORE PRODUCTlWlNAND STANDARDS BOARD

The Singapore Productivity and Standards Board (PSB) is a statutory board established in April 1996, with the
integration of the functions of the National Productivity Board (NPB) and the Singapore Institute of Standards and
Industrial Research (SlSlRj and the takeover of the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) development
function from the Economic Development Board (EDB). It is governed by a board of directors comprising
representatives from government, employers, trade unions and academia.

While NPB's activities focused on training, productivity consultancy and promotion, SISIR's work centered on
technology, quality, standards and industrial research. With the formation of PSB, synergy is derived by putting
the 'soft' and 'hard" aspects of productivity with the same organisation so that PSI3 is greater than the sum of
NPB and SISIR.

PSB's mission is to raise the productivity and enhance Singapore's competitiveness and economic growth. The
Board's vision is to be a leading player with a global perspective in matters related to productivity and standards.

One of the functions of PS8 is the establishment of a national standardisation programme to support
industrialisation in Singapore. The Board is vested with the authority to appoint a Standards Councll to advise
o n the preparation, publication and promulgation of Singapore Standards and Technlcal References and the
promotion of their adoption.

Singapore Standards are in the form of specifications for materials and products, codes of practice. methods of
test, nomenclature, etc, The standards are drawn up by various Technical Committees appointed by the Product
Standards Committees (for product standards), the Practice Committees (for codes of practice) or the Standards
Committees (for both product standards and codes of practice), the final approval body being the Standards
Council. To ensure adequate representation of all viewpoints in the preparation of Singapore Standards, all
Committees appointed consist of representatives from various interest groups which include government
agencies, professional bodies, tertiary institutions and consumer, trade and manufacturing organisations.

Technical References are documents developed to help meet urgent industry demand for specifications or
requirements on a particular product or process in an area where there is an absence of reference standards.
Unlike Singapore Standards, they are issued without full consensus, as public comments are not sought.
Technical References will be reviewed with a possibility of processing them to Singapore Standards.

PSB operates a number of national certification schemes.

7 h e Board is the owner of the Certification Marks shown in Figures 1 and 2. These Marks can be used only by
companies certified under the Singapore Quality Mark Certification .Scheme and Product Listing Scheme
operated by PSB. The presence of these Marks on a product with the inscription "Certified/Listed to Singapore
Standard' is an assurance that either the product has been produced to comply with requirements of the relevant
Singapore Standard under a system of supervision, control and testing operated during manufacture and
including regular inspection at the manufacturer's premises, or the product has been batch-tested.

PSB also operates the PSB IS0 9000 Certification Scheme which is a third party quality system certification of
manufacturing processes and services to the relevant part of the SS IS0 9000 series of standards on quality
systems. The scheme confers recognition to compantes which have properly designed and implemented quality
systems. It enables companies to gain greater international recognition thereby facilitating access to overseas
markets. It alsa helps companies to reduce reject costs and improve quality and productivity. Certified companies
are entitled to use the PSB I S 0 9000 symbol as shown in Figure 3 in their marketing programme including
letterheads, advertisements and other promotional materials.

In addition, PSB also operates the PS8 IS0 14000 (Environmental Management System) Certification Scheme
which is a third party certification of environmental management systems to the !SO 1 d n W ~ ~ v ~ ~ n ~ r n e n t a l
management system standard. The scheme provides an independent and impartid assessment wrtn a view for
continuous improvement in environmental performance. Certified companies are entitled to use the PSB IS0
14000 Mark as shown in Figure 4 in their promotional materials.

/$\ k*\
QIJALRY MARK
Figure 1. Fgum 2. Figure 3. . Figure 4.

For further information on PSS services and activities, please write to PSB, PSB Building, 2 Bukit Merah Central,
Singapore 159835.