Criminology

- Entire body of knowledge regarding crimes, criminals and the efforts of society to prevent and
repress them

Nature of Criminology

Applied Science

- Study of causes of crime, anthropology, psychology, sociology and the natural science

Social Science

- A social creation that it exists in a society being a social phenomenon

Dynamic

- Social condition changes, it is concomitant with the advancement of other science.

Nationalistic

- Study of crimes must be in relation with the existing criminal law within a territory or country
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Scope of the study of criminology

Criminal Demography

- Relationship between criminality and population

Epidemiology

- Relationship between environment and criminality

Ecology

- Study of criminality in relation to the spatial distribution in a community

Physical Anthropology

- Study of criminality in relation to physical constitution of men

Criminal psychology

- The study of human behavior

Criminal Psychiatry

- The study of human mind

Victimology

- The study of the role of the victim in the commission of crime.

RA 6506

- Took effect July 1, 1972, created the board of criminologists

RA 11131

- An act regulating the practice of criminology

3 Principal Division of Criminology

Sociology of law

- An attempt to offer scientific analysis of the conditions which penal/ criminal laws

Criminal Etiology

- An attempt to offer scientific analysis of the causes of the crime

Penology

- Concerned with the control and prevention of crime and the treatment of offender

Dr. Charles Goring

- English Statistician who studied the case histories of 2000 convicts.

W.A Bonger

- an international authority in Criminology who classified crimes by motives of the offender as

economic crimes, sexual crimes, political crimes, and vengeance as the principal motives.

Jeremy Bentham

- He advocate Utilitarian hedonism or Hedonistic Calculus

- The theory that person always in such a way as to seek pleasure and avoid pain.

Cesare Beccaria

- Became known as the Father of Classical Criminology. He is well remembered for his treatise on
Crimes and Punishment.

Cesare Lombroso

- “Father of Criminology” a famous authority in the field of criminology who advocated the
positivist theory

Atavistic- Born Criminal

Criminaloids- those who have less physical stamina or lack of control

Type of Criminaloids-

Epilleptoid- those who are suffering from disorder

Habitual- Career Offenders

Psuedo Criminals- those who kills in defense

Insane Criminal- because of their abnormalities or disorder

Occasional Criminal- who don’t seek for the crimes but they are drawn into it.

RAFAEL GAROFALO

- Italian Law professor who coin the term “CRIMINOLOGIA”

- Defined it as a violation of the prevalent sentiments of pity and probity.

ENRICO FERRI

- Believe in the law of saturation

Consumated

- All elements are necessary

- Naputok mo ung baril namatay ung tao, namatay

Frustrated

- Independent of the will of perpetrator

- Nabaril mo ung tao pero buhay ung tao

Attempted

- Directly overt acts and does not perform all the act of execution
- Natotok muna ung baril sa tao pero nagulat ka, nabitawan mo ung baril.

Simple Crime
 - Single Acts only one offense

Complex Crime

- Single Acts that two or more grave felonies or necessary means for committing the others.