Networkers Case

study : IPv6 multicast

deployment, usage
and management

CCS-1028
Simon Muyal

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
 Housekeeping

We value your feedback- don't forget to complete your

online session evaluations after each session & complete
the Overall Conference Evaluation which will be available
online from Thursday

Visit the World of Solutions

Please remember this is a 'non-smoking' venue!

Please switch off your mobile phones

Please make use of the recycling bins provided

Please remember to wear your badge at all times
including the Party

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
 Agenda

RENATER presentation

IPv6 multicast: which differences with IPv4?

IPv6 Multicast: started with M6bone, based on tunnels

IPv6 multicast today: Large deployment, “native”
networks, mainly in academic networks

Monitoring: like IPv4, few differences

Usage and applications

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
 RENATER: The French NREN

French NREN (National Reseach and Education
Network)

58 PoPs (at least one per region) + overseas territories
PoPs

+1000 sites connected
Generally, sites are connected via MAN or regional networks
Few sites are directly connected (mainly Universities)

Currently, RENATER-5 rollout: fifth version
Dark fibre
Links = n*10Gbps (DWDM equipment)
CRS-1, C7609 (& few C12400 + C7200), C6500 (RENATER-4)
with IOS and IOS-XR

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4
 RENATER Map
http://www.renater.fr/?lang=en

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
 IPv6 Multicast:
differences with
IPv4

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
 Addressing

Multicast addresses format: (RFC 3513)

8 bits 4 bits 4 bits 112 bits

1111 1111 flags scope group ID

F F

8 high order bits set to 1  Addresses derived from FF00::/8 prefix

flag field(4 bits) :
0RPT values
T = 0 for permanent addresses (Defined by IANA)
T = 1 for transient addresses
Bits P and R discussed later

scope field  Makes it possible to limit the scope of the multicasting
0 – Reserved 4 - Admin-local
1 – Node-local 5 - Site-local
2 – Link-local 8 - Organization-local
3 – Subnet-local E – Global (Internet)

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7
 Addressing

Example
Group_id 101 NTP servers
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 : all NTP servers on the same link than
the sender
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 : all NTP servers in the same site than the
sender
FF0E:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 : all NTP servers in Internet

Permanent Address (IANA allocation)

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8
 Multicast in the LAN

Not many differences

The name of protocols changes, but protocols are the
same:
IGMPv2 in IPv4 = MLDv1 in IPv6
IGMPv3 in IPv4 = MLDv2 in IPv6

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9
 ASM Interdomain multicast with IPv4

ASM - Any Source Multicast

Rendez-vous Points(RP) in each domain (Autonomous System)
MSDP (Multicast Source Discovery Protocol – RFC 3618)
between RP to exchange sources for IPv4

BGP peering
AS100 AS200

MSDP peering RP
RP

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12
 ASM Interdomain multicast with IPv6

MSDP: difficult to manage, not very scalable

Embedded-RP – RFC 3956

One unique PIM domain with shared RPs
Embedded-RP is a solution for group-to-RP mapping
Requires support in all PIM routers

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13
 ASM Interdomain multicast with IPv6

Embedded RP (RFC 3956)

11111111 flag scp res rpad plen Network prefix Group ID

8 bits 4 4 4 4 8 64 bits 32 bits

Flag : 0RPT
R=1  Embedded-RP-address
If R=1  P=1  T=1

FF70::/12

Res : 0

Plen : bits of the network prefix

Prefix: all non-significant bits of the network prefix field should be 0

RP address «embedded» in multicast group address
e.g.: RP address 2001:660:3001:104::8/64
multicast address FF7E:0840:2001:660:3001:104:1234:abcd

Embedded-RP is a simple solution to do group-to-RP mapping
CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14
 embedded-RP
embedded-RP

IPv6 Multicast network

embedded-RP
embedded-RP

embedded-RP

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15
 M6bone: IPv6
multicast network
based on tunnels

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17
 M6bone: Beginning of Multicast IPv6

M6bone = first IPv6 multicast deployment in the Internet

M6bone like MBone or 6Bone: Started with tunnels to build an
IPv6 multicast overlay network

M6bone is:
An IPv6 Multicast test network
M6Bone started in July 2001 (Aristote association, G6 and RENATER)
30 networks & 60 sites

Goals:
To offer IPv6 multicast connectivity
Test and develop soft and equipments related to IPv6 Multicast
technologies
Be active in IPv6 multicast standardization and provide deployment
recommendation (e.g. interdomain multicast)

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18
 M6Bone

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19
 M6Bone in Europe

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20
 M6bone in depth: Topology

M6Bone core is a C7200 router, IOS version 12.4(1), supporting
all IPv6 multicast features:
PIM SM/SSM, Embedded-RP, MBGP, IPv6 tunneling, etc

This router is connected to RENATER backbone

Different connection modes:
MBGP (IPv6 multicast address family)
Static IPv6 multicast routes
Unicast routing table
If unicast and multicast topologies are the same. Can be used for
example inside a site.
If unicast and multicast topologies are different, dedicated
equipments for multicast must be used

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21
 M6bone in depth: Topology

M6Bone
Static multicast routes MBGP + PIM SM/SSM

Equipment with support of

static multicast routes (MRIB)

1 Default multicast route

MBGP peering

Equipment with support of MBGP

2 for IPv6 multicast

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22
 M6bone: topology + global embedded-RP
RP for an organisation scope

embedded-RP managed
by an ISP

embedded-RP managed
by an ISP
M6Bone
MBGP + PIM SM/SSM

M6bone Global static

RP

+ global embedded-RP
global embedded-RP
RP for a site scope

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23
 M6bone: Routing policy

Even if some NRENs provide IPv6 multicast service,
few ISPs offer this service to their customers
Not possible to do the same aggregation for unicast and
multicast
Transit networks must allow up to /48 prefixes (customers/sites)
Sites must aggregate to /48 prefixes

BGP peerings
No private AS advertised in M6Bone

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24
 IPv6 multicast
deployment in
RENATER

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25
 IPv6 multicast in RENATER

Initially, IPv6
multicast in
RENATER was
provided through
tunnels

One C7200 hosted
tunnels for French
sites

This router was
connected to global
M6bone router

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26
 IPv6 multicast in RENATER: Today

RENATER routers support IPv6 multicast and the

service is deployed

RENATER has IPv6 multicast connections to other
national research and education networks through
GEANT-2 paneuropean backbone

As few regional networks support IPv6 multicast,
RENATER sites can get the service through tunnels to
a dedicated equipment of RENATER-5

RENATER is still connected to some sites in the world
through tunnels via the M6bone

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27
 IPv6 multicast in RENATER: Site connection

A BGP peering with IPv6 multicast address-family has

to be setup between RENATER and the site

To connect to the ASM service, make sure embedded-
RP (RFC 3956) is enabled on all the routers

We highly recommend to configure:
M6bone static RP (2001:660:3007:300:1::/64)
Associated prefixes:
FF0E::/16
FF1E::/16
FF3E::/16

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28
 IPv6 multicast in RENATER: Scope design

PIM-SMv2 protocol is used for both ASM and SSM, the

model used will depend on addresses in use.

Scopes:
Scopes below 5 are reserved for private usage in customer
networks.
5 - Customer network
8 - Organization (Group of customers, interconnected for
example using VPNs)
A - RENATER (The multicast flows will not leak outside the
RENATER community.
E - Internet

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29
 IPv6 Multicast
Monitoring

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30
 Monitoring IPv6 Multicast

 Connectivity / Traffic: ping6 and SNMP

Easy when Tunnels (MIBs available per interface)
More difficult with backbone links: IPv6 multicast MIBs not always
available
VLAN can be a solution

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31
 Monitoring /2

 Routing
Multicast IPv6 AS-
Path-Tree

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32
 Monitoring /3
 Multicast topology and performance
DBeacon, like in IPv4: IPv6 multicast matrix
Possibility to monitor embedded-RP group, more efficient than in
IPv4 where MSDP is difficult to manage

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 33
 IPv6 multicast
applications and
usage

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34
 IPv6 multicast applications

A lot of multimedia applications
available and used
VIC/RAT, VLC, DVTS, etc

ISPs, mainly in Japan, provide IP
TV using IPv6 multicast
IP TV ( Hikari TV)

OCN Earthquake Early Warning
- Early warning message (provided
by Japan Meteorological
Agency) forwarding service using
IPv6 multicast
- Provided by NTT OCN

Stock Exchanges update

…

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35
 IPv6 multicast gateways

Interoperability between IPv4 and IPv6 multicast

sessions

There are gateways translating IPv6 multicast sessions
in IPv4 multicast and vice versa.

You can follow an IPv6 or IPv4 session even if your ISP
has just deployed only IPv4 or IPv6 multicast
Can be a solution for an ISP: Just deploy IPv6 multicast
(simpler than IPv4 multicast)

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36
 Conclusion

IPv6 multicast can be deployed more easily than IPv4

multicast
IPv4 Interdomain issue (MSDP) solved with embedded-RP
More address space

But, the core of the protocol remains unchanged

PIM SM, MLDv2 = IGMPv3, same applications to monitor the
service
 No need to learn a new complicated protocol ;)

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37
 Questions?

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38
 Meet The Expert

To make the most of your time at Cisco Networkers 2009,

schedule a Face-to-Face Meeting with a top Cisco Expert.

Designed to provide a "big picture" perspective as well as

"in-depth" technology discussions, these face-to-face
meetings will provide fascinating dialogue and a wealth of
valuable insights and ideas.

Visit the Meeting Centre reception desk located in the

Meeting Centre in World of Solutions

CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39
CCS-1028 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40