Complete Textbook of Phlebotomy 5th

Edition Hoeltke
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Instructor’s Manual to Accompany

THE COMPLETE TEXTBOOK OF PHLEBOTOMY
Fifth Edition

Chapter 4: Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly
accessible website, in whole or in part.
Table of Contents
Chapter 4: Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System
Review

Part A: Chapter Overview

Part B: Resources

Part C: Student Preparation for Class

Part D: Learning Objectives and Competencies

Part E: Key Terms

Part F: After-Presentation Activity

Part G: Additional Activities That Might Be Used for In-Class Discussions

Part H: For Those Students Needing Help

Part I: For Those Students Who Are Ahead and Want to Learn More

Part J: After-Class Activities

©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly
accessible website, in whole or in part.
 Review
Review any previous material that learners should understand for successful completion of this chapter. The material
may come from a previous course or previous chapter.

Part A: Chapter Overview

The circulatory system and the constituents of the blood are addressed in this chapter to familiarize the phlebotomist
with the samples that are being collected and how collection techniques affect the sample.

Part B: Resources

Textbook: The Complete Textbook of Phlebotomy, Fifth Edition, Lynn B. Hoeltke. Cengage Learning ©2018
Instructor Materials: Instructor’s manual for the chapter, PowerPoint presentation slides for
the chapter, student study guides, test bank of questions, and competencies.

Internet: It is recommended that the student have access to and have a working knowledge of the
internet for further research of topics.

Part C: Student Preparation for Class

Before the class the student should have read the chapter that will be covered in the lecture. The
student should also be knowledgeable about the Key Terms at the beginning of each chapter.

Part D: Learning Objectives and Competencies

After studying this chapter, the student should be able to:

1. Describe the characteristics of different types of blood cells.
2. Describe the major difference between the walls of the arteries and the walls of the veins.
3. Differentiate between serum and plasma.
4. Name the parts of the heart and describe their function.
5. Trace the flow of blood through the heart.
6. Locate the veins in the arm and explain how each would be used in venipuncture.
7. Explain systolic and diastolic pressure.
8. Explain the conductive system of the heart

©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly
accessible website, in whole or in part.
NAACLS COMPETENCIES RELEVANT TO CHAPTER 4

Demonstrate basic understanding of the anatomy and physiology of body systems and anatomic
terminology in order to relate major areas of the clinical laboratory to general pathologic
conditions associated with the body systems
• Describe the basic functions of each of the main body systems, and
demonstrate basic knowledge of the circulatory, urinary, and other body
systems necessary to perform assigned sample collection tasks.
• Identify the veins of the arms, hands, legs, and feet on which phlebotomy is
performed.
• Explain the functions of the major constituents of blood, and differentiate
among whole blood, serum, and plasma.
• Discuss the properties of arterial blood, venous blood, and capillary blood.

Part E: Key Terms

It is important that all health care professionals familiarize themselves with the terms used in the health care
industry. No matter which job is performed in health care, each individual is either directly or indirectly
involved in processing patient information. Therefore, understanding the terms of the profession increases the
individual’s effectiveness in this process. Stress that students review these Key Terms before the start of
class. This will help their understanding of the subject when it is discussed in class. Suggest that students
search the term on the Internet if they do not fully understand the definition listed in the textbook.

The portion of the arm that is in front of the bend of the elbow. The
Antecubital Fossa most prominent veins for venipuncture are located in this area.

Chemical substance that prevents blood from clotting.

Anticoagulant
The vein on the little-finger side of the arm that runs the length of the
Basilic Vein arm.

Layer of cells in an anticoagulant tube of blood that is positioned

between the red blood cells and the plasma layers. The buffy coat
Buffy Coat
consists of white blood cells and platelets.

Instrument that spins and separates blood into layers depending on the
weight of each layer. The heavier elements are pushed to the bottom
Centrifuge
due to centrifugal force.

Cephalic Vein The vein on the thumb side of the arm that runs the length of the arm.

Diastolic Blood pressure when the heart is at rest.

Infection of the inner membrane of the heart.

Endocarditis
Erythrocytes Formed blood element; also known as red blood cells.
©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly
accessible website, in whole or in part.
 Hemopoiesis (Hematopoiesis) Formation of blood cells.

Leukocytes Formed blood element; also known as white blood cells.

Median Cubital Vein The vein in the antecubital fossa area of the arm that bridges the
cephalic and basilic veins.

Occluded Blocked; the normal flow of blood is prevented.

Plasma Fluid portion of the blood when no clotting has taken place.

Pulmonary System System circulating blood through the lungs.

Serum Fluid portion of the blood after clotting has taken place.

Systemic System System circulating blood throughout the body with the exception of the
lungs.

Systolic Blood pressure when the heart is fully contracted.

Thrombocytes Formed blood element; also known as platelets.

Part F: After-Presentation Activity

Discuss the critical thinking questions at the end of the chapter. Divide the students into two groups, with
each group covering one of the two questions. After 15 minutes, bring the class back together and have
each group share their thoughts on the subject.

Part G: Additional Activities That Might Be Used for In-Class Discussions

In-Class Discussion
1. Show how as different areas of the coronary arteries are occluded, different areas of the heart will be
affected. Mainly the higher up on the heart the artery is occluded, the more of the heart will be
damaged.

Brainstorm with learners how these occlusions can be repaired. Ideas would be stents to open
the occlusion or bypass to get blood around the occlusion.

In-Class Activity
Group Activity: Using some stained blood smears, have the students looks at the blood cells under the
microscope. After all students have had the opportunity to look, compare what they saw to Figure 4.3
in the textbook.

Part H: For Those Students Needing Help

Index Cards: Create an index card for each Key Term. Place the concept on one side and the Key Term
on the other. Ask learners to match the Key Term with the term’s definition and/or concept.

©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly
accessible website, in whole or in part.
Part I: For Those Students Who Are Ahead and Want to Learn More
The Internet: Using the Internet, research sites for information regarding the Key Terms or concepts
covered in Chapter 4 of the textbook (these Key Terms are found at the beginning of the chapter in the
textbook.)

Part J: After-Class Activities

The students will need to use the notes that were taken in class during the PowerPoint presentation and
complete the study guide. The textbook and Internet should also be used to complete the information.
It is up to the instructor to determine if these should be turned in during the next class period or be left
to the students’ discretion to complete them.

©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly
accessible website, in whole or in part.