Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition McKinley Test Bank Download

Chapter 09 - Skeletal System: Articulations
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1st Edition McKinley 0077927044
9780077927042
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Chapter 09
Skeletal System: Articulations
Multiple Choice Questions
9-
1. Which is not correct regarding articulations?

A. An articulation is a joint between a bone and another bone, cartilage, or tooth.
B. All articulations contain some type of cartilage.
C. Arthrology is the scientific study of articulations.
D. Articulations can range in motion from freely mobile to immobile.
E. There are three structural categories of articulations.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

HAPS Objective: F08.01b With respect to classification of joints: Describe the anatomical
classification, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial – and provide
examples of each type.
HAPS Topic: Module F08 Classification, structure, & function of joints (articulations).
Learning Objective: 09.01.01 Define a joint.
Section: 09.01
Topic: Skeletal System
9-
2. The term diarthrosis refers to a joint that is:

A. immobile.
B. freely mobile.
C. fused.
D. slightly mobile.
E. dislocated.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

HAPS Objective: F08.01a With respect to classification of joints: Describe the functional
classification, based on degree of movement allowed - synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and
diarthrotic – and provide examples of each type.
Learning Objective: 09.01.02 Compare the structural and the functional classification of
joints.
Section: 09.01
True / False Questions
3. The connection between a tooth and jaw bone is an example of a joint.

TRUE

Learning Objective: 09.01.01 Define a joint.
Section: 09.01
9-
4. In fibrous joints, the articulating surfaces are held together by:

A. dense regular connective tissue.
B. areolar connective tissue.
C. dense irregular connective tissue.
D. fibrocartilage.
E. articular cartilage.

joints.
Section: 09.01
5. The sagittal suture is a(n):

A. cartilaginous joint.
B. fibrous joint.
C. synovial joint.
D. synchondrosis.
E. amphiarthrosis.

Learning Objective: 09.02.02 Describe the location and functions of sutures.
Section: 09.02b
9-
6. Sutures are joints that are found:

A. throughout the axial and appendicular skeletons.
B. between all bones and teeth of the skull.
C. between certain bones of the skull.
D. only where a facial bone articulates with a cranial bone.

Section: 09.02b
7. An articular capsule is present in:

A. fibrous joints.
B. fibrous joints and cartilaginous joints.
C. synovial joints.
D. fibrous joints and synovial joints.
E. all joints.

HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including
accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.
joints.
Section: 09.01
9-
8. Sutures permit skull growth during childhood.

TRUE

HAPS Objective: F08.01c With respect to classification of joints: Explain how the functional
and anatomical classifications are related.
Section: 09.02b
9. Gomphoses:
A. contain fluid-filled joint cavities.
B. are found only in tooth sockets.
C. consist of sheets of hyaline cartilage.
D. cover the tendons in the shoulder and coxal joints.
E. are also called saddle joints.

Learning Objective: 09.02.01 Explain the location and characteristics of gomphoses.
Section: 09.02a
9-
Fill in the Blank Questions
10. A slightly mobile joint is referred to as a(n) _________.

amphiarthrosis

joints.
Section: 09.01
11. A fibrous joint contains a joint capsule.

FALSE

joints.
Section: 09.01
9-
12. In a gomphosis, a tooth is held in place by fibrous structures known as __________

membranes.
periodontal

Section: 09.02a
13. Functionally, a gomphosis is categorized as a:

A. cartilagenous joint.
B. diarthrosis.
C. synarthrosis.
D. synovial joint.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Section: 09.02a
9-
14. The interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna is an example of a:
A. synchondrosis.
B. suture.
C. synostosis.
D. synarthrosis.
E. syndesmosis.

Learning Objective: 09.02.03 List the locations of syndesmoses and describe their function.
Section: 09.02c
15. Structurally, a syndesmosis is a _________ joint; functionally, it is a __________.

A. cartilagenous, diarthrosis
B. cartilagenous, amphiarthrosis
C. fibrous, amphiarthrosis
D. fibrous, synarthrosis
E. ball and socket, pivot

Learning Objective: 09.02.03 List the locations of syndesmoses and describe their function.
Section: 09.02c
9-
16. A synarthrosis is:

A. always made of cartilage.
B. a joint that has a capsule.
C. a joint within a fetus that ossifies during early development.
D. immobile.
E. slightly mobile.

joints.
Section: 09.01
17. The pubic symphysis is classified as a:

A. cartilaginous joint and an amphiarthrosis.
B. fibrous joint and a synarthrosis.
C. synovial joint and a diarthrosis.
D. cartilaginous joint and a synarthrosis.
E. fibrous joint and an amphiarthrosis.

Learning Objective: 09.03.02 Name the locations of symphyses and their functions in these
locations.
Section: 09.03b
9-
18. A synarthrotic joint would have:

A. high mobility and high stability.
B. high mobility and low stability.
C. low mobility and low stability.
D. low mobility and high stability.

Learning Objective: 09.01.03 Explain the inverse relationship between mobility and stability
within a joint.
Section: 09.01
19. Which is not a cartilaginous joint?

A. First costochondral joint
B. Intervertebral joint
C. Second costochondral joint
D. First sternocostal joint
E. Second sternocostal joint

Learning Objective: 09.03.01 Describe the locations and functions of synchondroses.
Section: 09.03a
9-
20. In a young person, the joint between the sphenoid bone and the occipital bone is a:
A. suture.
B. synchondrosis.
C. syndesmosis.
D. symphysis.
E. gomphosis.

Section: 09.03a
21. What type of cartilage is located between the bones in a symphysis?

A. Elastic cartilage
B. Reticular cartilage
C. Hyaline cartilage
D. Fibrocartilage
E. Sutural cartilage

Learning Objective: 09.03.02 Name the locations of symphyses and their functions in these
locations.
Section: 09.03b
9-
22. Which is not true about synovial joints?

A. All articulating bone surfaces are covered with articular cartilage.
B. Synovial joints are enclosed by fibrous articular capsules.
C. Synovial fluid is secreted by the synovial membrane.
D. Ligaments strengthen and reinforce joints.
E. Blood circulates within the joint cavity to nourish the articular cartilage.

Learning Objective: 09.04.01 Describe the characteristics common to all synovial joints.
Section: 09.04a
23. Articular cartilage is composed of hyaline cartilage that lacks a perichondrium.

TRUE

Section: 09.04a
9-
24. A tendon sheath is a fat pad that fills the spaces that form when bones move.
FALSE

Learning Objective: 09.04.02 List the basic features of a synovial joint.
Section: 09.04a
25. Which is not a function of synovial fluid?

A. Nourishes osteocytes
B. Lubricates articulating surfaces
C. Removes wastes
D. Serves as shock absorber
E. Distributes stress forces across articular surfaces

Learning Objective: 09.04.03 Explain the composition and function of synovial fluid in a
typical synovial joint.
Section: 09.04a
9-
26. Which is not true regarding ligaments?

A. Intracapsular ligaments are within the articular capsule.
B. Ligaments are composed of dense regular connective tissue.
C. Extrinsic ligaments are physically separate from the articular capsule.
D. Intrinsic ligaments are thickenings of the articular cartilage.
E. Extracapsular ligaments are outside the articular capsule.

Section: 09.04a
27. Which are not considered to be features of a synovial joint?

A. Muscles
B. Nerves
C. Blood vessels
D. Articular cartilage
E. Synovial fluid

Section: 09.04a
9-
28. Fluid-filled sacs that cushion synovial joints are called:

A. fat pads.
B. articular discs.
C. bursae.
D. menisci.
E. diarthroses.

Section: 09.04a
29. One of the functions of synovial fluid is to act as a shock absorber that distributes force
evenly across the joint surface.
TRUE

Section: 09.04a
9-
30. Synovial fluid is:

A. a watery fluid produced by hyaline cartilage.
B. an oily fluid produced by the synovial membrane.
C. a watery fluid produced by capsular ligaments.
D. an oily fluid produced by articular cartilage.

Section: 09.04a
31. Based on its range of motion, the elbow is classified as a(n) __________ joint.
A. multiaxial
B. gliding
C. uniaxial
D. biaxial
E. ellipsoid

HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial
joints.
Learning Objective: 09.04.04 Explain the movement of a joint with respect to the three
perpendicular axes of space.
Section: 09.04b
9-
32. Which joint is multiaxial?

A. Pivot
B. Ball and socket
C. Condylar
D. Plane
E. Hinge

HAPS Objective: F08.04c For each of the six structural types of synovial joints: Predict the
kinds of movements that each structural type will allow.
Section: 09.04b
33. Which of these synovial joints does not have at least one rounded or convex surface?
A. Saddle
B. Ball and socket
C. Pivot
D. Plane
E. Condylar

HAPS Objective: F08.04a For each of the six structural types of synovial joints: Describe the
anatomical features of that structural type.
Learning Objective: 09.04.05 Compare and contrast the six types of synovial joints.
Section: 09.04b
9-
34. The joint formed by the axis and atlas that permits the “no” shaking of the head is a
_____ joint.
A. condylar
B. hinge
C. plane
D. pivot
E. saddle

Section: 09.04b
35. The metatarsophalangeal joints allow movement in two planes and are classified as
_________ joints.
A. planar
B. ball and socket
C. condylar
D. pivot
E. hinge

HAPS Objective: F08.04b For each of the six structural types of synovial joints: Describe
locations in the body where each structural type can be found.
Section: 09.04b
9-
36. Which is not a correct pairing of a joint with its classification?

A. Tibiofemoral - hinge
B. Glenohumeral - ball and socket
C. Trapezium and first metacarpal - saddle
D. Intertarsal - condylar
E. Proximal radioulnar - pivot

Section: 09.04b
37. The ________ joint is the simplest synovial joint and also the least mobile synovial
joint.
A. pivot
B. plane
C. hinge
D. saddle
E. suture

Section: 09.04b
9-
38. The fixed point around which a lever rotates is the _________.
A. fulcrum
B. condyle
C. resistance node
D. effort arm
E. multiaxis

HAPS Objective: G10.01 Differentiate among the three classes of levers in terms of the
relative position of fulcrum, effort and load, as well as in terms of the relative power and
range of motion.
HAPS Topic: Module G10 Lever systems.
Learning Objective: 09.05.01 Define a lever.
Section: 09.05a
39. A _________ is an elongated, rigid object that can be used to alter the distance of
movement produced by a force.
lever

range of motion.
Section: 09.05a
9-
40. In the body, a joint serves as a ________ for a long bone.

A. fulcrum
B. lever
C. effort arm
D. resistor

range of motion.
Section: 09.05a
41. When considering leverage, the part of the bone from the muscle attachment to the joint
would be the:
A. fulcrum.
B. effort arm.
C. resistance arm.

range of motion.
Learning Objective: 09.05.02 Discriminate between the effort arm and the resistance arm in a
lever.
Section: 09.05a
9-
42. If a heavy load is at one end of a lever, the distance between the fulcrum and that load is
called the:
A. effort arm.
B. resistance arm.
C. lever length.

range of motion.
lever.
Section: 09.05a
43. The part of a lever from the fulcrum to the point of effort is called the effort arm.
TRUE

range of motion.
lever.
Section: 09.05a
9-
44. In a first class lever:

A. the fulcrum is in the middle, between the effort and the resistance.
B. the resistance is between the fulcrum and the effort.
C. the effort is between the resistance and the fulcrum.
D. there is no effort arm.

range of motion.
Learning Objective: 09.05.03 Compare and contrast the three types of levers in the human
body.
Section: 09.05b
45. When considering joints in the human body, the most common lever type is the:
A. first-class lever.
B. second-class lever.
C. third-class lever.

range of motion.
body.
Section: 09.05b
9-
46. The way that our calf muscles contract to cause plantarflexion resembles the lever system
of a wheelbarrow; it is a _______ class lever.
A. first
B. second
C. third

range of motion.
body.
Section: 09.05b
47. Gliding is an example of an angular motion.

FALSE

joints.
Learning Objective: 09.06.01 Describe gliding motion, and name joints in which it occurs.
Section: 09.06a
9-
48. In general, the movements demonstrated at plane joints between the carpals are:
A. rotations.
B. gliding movements.
C. flexions and extensions.
D. circumductions.
E. pivots.

Learning Objective: 09.06.01 Describe gliding motion, and name joints in which it occurs.
Section: 09.06a
49. A movement that increases or decreases the angle between two bones is a(n) __________
motion.
A. angular
B. rotational
C. eversion
D. sliding

joints.
Learning Objective: 09.06.02 Describe angular motion.
Section: 09.06b
9-
50. Adduction is an example of an angular motion.

TRUE

joints.
Learning Objective: 09.06.03 Name the specific types of angular motion.
Section: 09.06b
51. Circumduction is an example of a gliding motion.

FALSE

joints.
Section: 09.06b
9-
52. When the angle between articulating bones increases beyond the anatomical position, the
movement is referred to as:
A. dislocation.
B. supination.
C. hyperextension.
D. hyperflexion.
E. hypertrophy.

joints.
Section: 09.06b
53. Rotation of the forearm so as to direct the palm anteriorly (as in anatomic position) is
called:
A. abduction.
B. pronation.
C. eversion.
D. supination.
E. protraction.

joints.
Learning Objective: 09.06.05 Explain rotational motion, and name joints in which it occurs.
Section: 09.06d
9-
54. Movement of a body part toward the main axis of the body is called:
A. abduction.
B. flexion.
C. inversion.
D. retraction.
E. adduction.

joints.
Section: 09.06b
55. The movement that occurs when the trunk of the body moves in a coronal plane laterally
away from the body is:
A. adduction.
B. hyperextension.
C. eversion
D. lateral flexion.
E. gliding.

joints.
Learning Objective: 09.06.04 Give examples of joints that exhibit angular motion.
Section: 09.06b
9-
56. When the arm is raised anteriorly, the movement at the shoulder is:
A. extension.
B. flexion.
C. abduction.
D. adduction.
E. rotation.

joints.
Section: 09.06b
57. When the distal end of a limb makes a circular motion while the proximal end of the limb
stays stationary--such that the entire limb's movement defines an imaginary cone shape--the
motion is known as ___________.
circumduction

joints.
Section: 09.06b
9-
58. Humans are able to grasp objects between the thumb and fingers due to a special joint
movement called _____________.
opposition

joints.
Learning Objective: 09.06.06 Explain what is meant by special movements, and give
examples of joints at which they occur.
Section: 09.06d
59. If you move your head in such a way to look up at the ceiling, you are _________ your
neck.
A. hyperextending
B. rotating
C. circumducting
D. flexing
E. elevating

joints.
Section: 09.06b
9-
60. The ankle joint is the only joint that makes the movements “dorsiflexion” and “plantar
flexion”.
TRUE

joints.
Section: 09.06d
61. Clenching the fingers to make a fist, then relaxing and straightening them is an example
of __________ followed by __________.
A. flexion, extension
B. extension, flexion
C. adduction, abduction
D. abduction, adduction
E. extension, hyperextension

joints.
Section: 09.06b
9-
62. The joint movement called eversion involves:

A. lateral rotation of the coxal joint.
B. medial rotation of the coxal joint.
C. turning the sole of the foot laterally.
D. turning the palm of the hand laterally.
E. turning the palm of the hand or sole of the foot laterally.

joints.
Section: 09.06d
63. If you were to reach out your hand to receive a set of keys from someone, what
movements of your forearm and hand would be involved?
A. Pronation and adduction
B. Supination and extension
C. Depression and flexion
D. Protraction and rotation
E. Eversion and abduction

joints.
Section: 09.06d
9-
64. Medial rotation turns the anterior surface of the femur or humerus laterally.
FALSE

joints.
Section: 09.06c
65. Lateral rotation is also known as external rotation.

TRUE

joints.
Section: 09.06c
9-
66. Which does not correctly pair a movement with its opposing movement?
A. Flexion - extension
B. Abduction - adduction
C. Pronation - supination
D. Elevation - retraction
E. Dorsiflexion - plantar flexion

joints.
Section: 09.06d
67. Which is not a correct pairing of a joint with its common name?
A. Radiocarpal joint - wrist
B. Glenohumeral joint - elbow
C. Metacarpophalangeal - knuckle
D. Temporomandibular - TMJ
E. Talocrural - ankle

Learning Objective: 09.07.05 Describe the elbow joint and its motion.
Section: 09.07c
9-
68. The temporomandibular joint is the only mobile joint between skull bones.
TRUE

Learning Objective: 09.07.01 Describe the features of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
Section: 09.07a
69. In the temporomandibular joint, a pad of fibrocartilage called the _________ divides the
synovial cavity into two separate chambers.
A. meniscus
B. articular disc
C. mandibular partition
D. sphenomandibular ligament
E. coronoid capsule

Section: 09.07a
9-
70. The articular capsule of the temporomandibular joint is exceptionally:

A. loose.
B. tight.

Section: 09.07a
71. When protracting the jaw or making small side to side movements during chewing, the
temporomandibular joint makes ________ movements.
A. rotation
B. gliding
C. flexion
D. extension
E. circumduction

Learning Objective: 09.07.02 List the movements of the TMJ.
Section: 09.07a
9-
72. When elevating the mandible to chew food, the temporomandibular joint functions as a
_________ joint.
A. pivot
B. ball and socket
C. hinge
D. saddle

Learning Objective: 09.07.02 List the movements of the TMJ.
Section: 09.07a
73. Which ligament is not associated with the glenohumeral joint?

A. Coracoacromial ligament
B. Coracohumeral ligament
C. Glenohumeral ligament
D. Humeral collateral ligament

Learning Objective: 09.07.03 Describe the three individual joints that make up the shoulder
articulation.
Section: 09.07b
9-
74. The acromioclavicular joint is part of the:

A. sternum.
B. shoulder.
C. elbow.
D. neck.
E. cranium.

articulation.
Section: 09.07b
75. The sternoclavicular joint is a saddle joint with a _______ range of movement.
A. wide
B. narrow

articulation.
Section: 09.07b
9-
76. The sternoclavicular joint contains an articular disc.

TRUE

articulation.
Section: 09.07b
77. The coracoclavicular ligament is a ______ ligament that connects the clavicle to part of
the _______.
A. strong, scapula
B. strong, sternum
C. weak, scapula
D. weak, sternum

articulation.
Section: 09.07b
9-
78. The glenohumeral joint exhibits:

A. a high degree of stability and a wide range of motion.
B. a high degree of stability but a narrow range of motion.
C. a low level of stability but a wide range of motion.
D. a low level of stability and a narrow range of motion.

Learning Objective: 09.07.04 Explain why the glenohumeral joint is relatively unstable.
Section: 09.07b
79. One of the weakest parts of the shoulder, is the part that lacks tendons of the rotator
cuff. This weak area is the ______ aspect of the shoulder.
A. inferior
B. superior
C. anterior
D. posterior

HAPS Objective: F10.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the
skeletal system and articulations could not maintain homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module F10 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease
states & disorders.
Section: 09.07b
9-
80. The glenohumeral ligaments are:

A. strong and distinct.
B. weak and indistinct.

Section: 09.07b
81. Which joints are responsible for flexion and extension at the elbow?
A. Glenohumeral and humeroulnar
B. Humeroulnar and humeroradial
C. Humeroulnar, humeroradial, and radioulnar
D. Humeroradial, radioulnar, and radiocarpal
E. Humeroradial and radioulnar

Section: 09.07c
9-
82. The elbow is a _______ joint.

A. plane
B. hinge
C. condyle
D. saddle

Section: 09.07c
83. Which ligament is responsible for holding the head of the radius in place?
A. Anular ligament
B. Ulnar collateral ligament
C. Radial collateral ligament
D. Transverse humeral ligament
E. Deltoid ligament

Section: 09.07c
9-
84. The main ligament supporting the lateral aspect of the elbow is the:
A. radial collateral ligament.
B. lateral cruciate ligament.
C. annular ligament.
D. ulnar collateral ligament.
E. ulnar condylar ligament.

Section: 09.07c
85. The elbow is considered to be a stable joint.

TRUE

Learning Objective: 09.07.06 Explain why the elbow joint is relatively stable.
Section: 09.07c
9-
86. The elbow contains _____ articular capsule(s).

A. one
B. two
C. three

Learning Objective: 09.07.06 Explain why the elbow joint is relatively stable.
Section: 09.07c
87. The fibrocartilage rim that deepens the hip socket is the:
A. coxal retinaculum.
B. obturator membrane.
C. acetabular labrum.
D. glenoid labrum.

Learning Objective: 09.07.07 Describe the hip joint and its motions.
Section: 09.07d
9-
88. Strong reinforcement for the anterior aspect of the hip joint is provided by the Y-shaped:
A. iliofemoral ligament.
B. pubofemoral ligament.
C. ligament of the head of the femur.
D. ischiofemoral ligament.

Section: 09.07d
89. The ligamentum teres of the hip extends from the:

A. ilium to the lesser trochanter of the femur.
B. acetabulum to the head of the femur.
C. pubis to the greater trocanter of the femur.
D. iliac crest to the head of the femur.
E. ischium to the intertrochanteric crest of the femur.

Section: 09.07d
9-
90. The hip allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.
TRUE

Section: 09.07d
91. When compared to the shoulder, the hip joint has:

A. a deeper bony socket and stronger supporting ligaments.
B. a deeper bony socket but weaker supporting ligaments.
C. a shallower bony socket and weaker supporting ligaments.
D. a shallower bony socket but stronger supporting ligaments.

Learning Objective: 09.07.08 Explain why the hip joint is more stable than the glenohumeral
joint.
Section: 09.07d
9-
92. The glenohumeral joint is more stable than the hip joint.
FALSE

Learning Objective: 09.07.08 Explain why the hip joint is more stable than the glenohumeral
joint.
Section: 09.07d
93. In addition to its hinge function, when the knee is _______ it allows for some
slight ________.
A. flexed, circumduction
B. flexed, rotation
C. extended, supination
D. extended, gliding

Learning Objective: 09.07.09 Describe the knee joint and its motion.
Section: 09.07e
9-
94. Which knee ligament is most crucial for preventing hyperadduction?

A. Tibial collateral ligament
B. Fibular collateral ligament
C. Patellar ligament
D. Anterior cruciate ligament
E. Medial meniscus

Learning Objective: 09.07.10 Name the ligaments that support the knee joint.
Section: 09.07e
95. In addition to the joint between the tibia and the femur, the knee contains a joint between
the:
A. fibula and the femur.
B. patella and the fibula.
C. patella and the femur.
D. patella and the tibia.

Section: 09.07e
9-
96. The patellar ligament attaches the patella to the:

A. femur.
B. quadriceps muscle.
C. fibula.
D. tibia.
E. hamstring muscles.

Learning Objective: 09.07.10 Name the ligaments that support the knee joint.
Section: 09.07e
97. Which of the following describes a meniscus?

A. Attach one bone to another at a joint
B. Fibrous cartilage pads
C. Flat, fluid-filled sacs
D. Found only at the temporomandibular joint
E. Attach muscles to bones

Section: 09.07e
9-
98. What is the function of the cruciate ligaments in the knee joint?
A. Hold the patella in place on the femur
B. Hold the patella in place on the tibia
C. Limit the movement of the femur on the tibia
D. Limit the movement of the fibula on the femur
E. Limit the movement of the fibula on the tibia

Section: 09.07e
99. The deltoid ligament, lateral ligament, and tibiofibular ligaments belong to the ________
joint.
A. tarsometatarsal
B. talocrural
C. humeroradial
D. knee
E. fibulometatarsal

Learning Objective: 09.07.11 Describe the talocrural joint and its motion.
Section: 09.07f
9-
100. The deltoid ligament is also known as the medial ligament.

TRUE

Section: 09.07f
101. The talocrural joint is a modified hinge joint that permits dorsiflexion and plantar
flexion.
TRUE

Section: 09.07f
102. At the ankle, the lateral ligament is stronger than the medial ligament.
FALSE

Section: 09.07f
9-
103. In the human body, joints start to form by the _________ week of embryonic
development.
A. 4th
B. 8th
C. 6th
D. 10th
E. 12th

Learning Objective: 09.08.01 Explain how the three major types of joints form in the embryo
and fetus.
Section: 09.08
104. During development of synovial joints, the articular capsule forms from mesenchymal
tissue that is:
A. laterally located.
B. centrally located.

and fetus.
Section: 09.08
9-
105. Common, wear-and-tear arthritis in which repeated use of a joint gradually wears down
the articular cartilage, is known as:
A. gout.
B. osteoarthritis.
C. rheumatoid arthritis.
D. osteopenia.
E. articular porosis.

HAPS Objective: F10.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the
skeletal system and articulations could not maintain homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module F10 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease
states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 09.08.02 Describe some of the common age-related changes in joints.
Section: 09.08
106. This figure shows the temporomandibular joint. Which number indicates the
stylomandibular ligament?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. The stylomandibular ligament is not shown in this figure

Figure: 09.13
Section: 09.07a
9-
107. This figure shows the temporomandibular joint. Which number indicates the articular
capsule?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. The articular capsule is not shown in this figure

Figure: 09.13
Section: 09.07a
108. These figures show the coxal joint. Which number indicates the pubofemoral ligament?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

Figure: 09.17
Section: 09.07d
9-
109. These figures show the coxal joint. What structure does number 6 indicate?
A. Ischiofemoral ligament
B. Iliofemoral ligament
C. Articular capsule
D. Ligament of head of femur
E. Acetabular ligament

Figure: 09.17
Section: 09.07d
110. This figure shows the knee joint. Which number indicates the tibial collateral
ligament?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
E. 6

Figure: 09.18
Section: 09.07e
9-
111. This figure shows the knee joint. What structure does number 4 indicate?
A. Posterior cruciate ligament
B. Fibular collateral ligament
C. Medial meniscus
D. Lateral meniscus
E. Anterior cruciate ligament

Figure: 09.18
Section: 09.07e
112. This figure shows a sagittal section of the knee joint. Which number indicates the
menisci?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
E. 6

Figure: 09.05a
Section: 09.07e
9-
patellar ligament?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 7

Figure: 09.05a
Section: 09.07e
prepatellar bursa?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
E. 6

Figure: 09.05a
Section: 09.07e
9-
115. The joints in the body that are the most mobile, such as the glenohumeral joint or coxal
joint, are also the most stable.
FALSE

Learning Objective: 09.01.03 Explain the inverse relationship between mobility and stability
within a joint.
Section: 09.01
116. The epiphyseal plates in long bones are examples of synchondroses.

TRUE

Section: 09.03a
9-
117. At the knee, the articular capsule encloses only the medial, lateral, and anterior regions
of the joint.
FALSE

Section: 09.07e
118. Moderate exercise improves the health of joints by increasing the flow of synovial fluid
in and out of the articular cartilage.
TRUE

HAPS Objective: F09.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the skeletal system
and articulations respond to maintain homeostasis in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module F09 Application of homeostatic mechanisms.
Learning Objective: 09.08.02 Describe some of the common age-related changes in joints.
Section: 09.08
9-
119. In an older adult, the tissue in a suture may become completely ossified, fusing the skull
bones together. This type of suture is called a _____________.
synostosis

Section: 09.02b
120. The lining of an articular capsule is called the ___________ membrane.

synovial

Section: 09.04a
9-
21. A joint in which the bone can move in two planes is said to be __________.
biaxial

joints.
Section: 09.04b
9-
122. At the knee, a bone called the ____________ is embedded within the tendon of the
quadriceps femoris muscle.
patella

Section: 09.07e
123. A common knee injury is a torn ACL, which stands for anterior ________ ligament.
cruciate

Section: 09.07e
124. During development, tissue called ___________ differentiates to form the connective
tissues of cartilagenous and fibrous joints.
mesenchyme

and fetus.
Section: 09.08
9-
Essay Questions
125. Define "angular motion" and describe two examples of joint movements that are
angular. In addition, provide two examples of movements that are not angular. For each of
the four types of motion provide an example of a joint that demonstrates that movement.
For a key to possible answers, see Table 9.2 in the text book.

joints.
Section: 09.06b
126. Imagine that you are designing a two segment robot arm that has the sole function of
bending and straightening at a single joint. When designing the robot joint, which joint in the
human body would you try to copy? What features would your robot joint share with the
biological joint? Would mobility or stability be your priority?
While varied answers might be acceptable, one imagines a uniaxial hinge joint that resembles
the elbow. It should be highly stable and designed with features that minimize friction and
provide an effective fulcrum.
Bloom's Level: 6. Create

Section: 09.04a
9-

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Chapter 09 - Skeletal System: Articulations

Solution Manual for Anatomy and Physiology

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Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which is not correct regarding articulations?

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

2. The term diarthrosis refers to a joint that is:

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

True / False Questions

3. The connection between a tooth and jaw bone is an example of a joint.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Multiple Choice Questions

4. In fibrous joints, the articulating surfaces are held together by:

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

5. The sagittal suture is a(n):

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

6. Sutures are joints that are found:

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

7. An articular capsule is present in:

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

True / False Questions

8. Sutures permit skull growth during childhood.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Multiple Choice Questions

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Fill in the Blank Questions

10. A slightly mobile joint is referred to as a(n) _________.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

True / False Questions

11. A fibrous joint contains a joint capsule.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Fill in the Blank Questions

12. In a gomphosis, a tooth is held in place by fibrous structures known as __________

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Multiple Choice Questions

13. Functionally, a gomphosis is categorized as a:

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

15. Structurally, a syndesmosis is a _________ joint; functionally, it is a __________.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

16. A synarthrosis is:

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

17. The pubic symphysis is classified as a:

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

18. A synarthrotic joint would have:

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

19. Which is not a cartilaginous joint?

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

21. What type of cartilage is located between the bones in a symphysis?

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

22. Which is not true about synovial joints?

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

True / False Questions

23. Articular cartilage is composed of hyaline cartilage that lacks a perichondrium.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Multiple Choice Questions

25. Which is not a function of synovial fluid?

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

26. Which is not true regarding ligaments?

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

27. Which are not considered to be features of a synovial joint?

15. Structurally, a syndesmosis is a _ joint; functionally, it is a __.